汽車音響不能隨意改裝汽車周刊

Unit2

Grammarandusage(1)

1.Wheredoesapersoncomefrom?Thiswillaffecttheirstyleofspeech.

=Whereapersoncomesfromwillaffect

theirstyleofspeech.wh-questionsubject2.WhydoesEnglishhavesuchstrangerules?Youcanbegintoseeit!=Youcanbegintosee

whyEnglishhassuchstrange

rules!wh-questionobject3.WhyisEnglishalanguewithsomanyconfusingrules?

Thisisthereason=ThisiswhyEnglishisalanguagewithsomanyconfusingrules.wh-questionpredicativeAttention:Wechangethewordorderinaclauseafteraquestionwordintothatofastatement.2.Wecannotleaveoutthequestionwordsinnounclausesinanycases.1、引導(dǎo)詞what與that的用法區(qū)別。引導(dǎo)主、賓、表語從句時，what要充當(dāng)主語、賓語或表語等句子成分，that不作任何成分，只在語法上起連接的作用。例如（NMET’96）：____wecan’tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.A.What;what B.what;that C.That;that D.That;what ThattheformerIraqpresidentSaddamwascapturedhasbeenproved.2、引導(dǎo)詞whether和if的用法區(qū)別。通常，引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句和引導(dǎo)同位語從句時，要用連詞whether，不用if；習(xí)慣上也只能說whetherornot，而不說if…ornot。例如（MET92）：____the2000OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.A.Whenever B.If C.Whether D.That名詞性從句的語序。與別的從句一樣，名詞性從句必須用自然語序，即使在疑問句中，從句也不倒裝（而在主句上倒裝）。例如（MET91）:Noonecanbesure____inamillionyears.A.whatmanwilllooklike B.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhat D.whatlookwillmanlike 4、Who/whoever,what/whatever等的用法區(qū)別。一般說來，what/who等含特指意義，而whatever/whoever等含泛指意義，意為“無論什么/無論誰”。例如（NMET97）：Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild____heorshewants.A.however B.whateverC.whichever D.whenever Where,when,why等連接副詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。Where,when,why等連接副詞也可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，使用的關(guān)鍵是：這個詞必須符合句子的邏輯要求。例如（NMET’99）：—IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.—Isthat____youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.thatD.where IV.Exercises:AonPage28BonPage28Answers:4.O5.O6.PB.1.why2.what3.whichV.ChoosethebestanswerDoyouremember______hecame?Yes,Ido.Hecamebycar.a.howb.whenc.thatd.if2._____we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.a.Ifb.Whetherc.Thatd.Whereab3.Wordhascame__________someAmericanguestswillcomeforavisit.4.______knowsthetruthwilltellyouaboutit.WhothatB.WhoeverC.WhomthatD.Thatwho3.Askher_____comewithus.a.Ifshewillb.ifwillshec.whethershed.whetherwillshe4._____wecan’’tunderstandis_____hedidn’’tjoinusinourdiscussion.a.That;whyb.Which;howc.What;whatd.What;whydaVI.主主語從句句在復(fù)合句句中作主主句的主主語.引引導(dǎo)詞有有連詞that(that不可省),whether;代代詞有who,what,which;副詞when,where,how,why等.如:1.Thatheisafamoussingerisknowntous.(Itisknowntousthatheisafamoussinger.)2.WhenhewillgotoAmericaisnotyetfixed.(ItisnotyetfixedwhenhewillgotoAmerica.)3.Whethershe’scomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.(notif)(Itdoesn’’tmattertoomuchwhethershe’’scomingornot.)VII.賓語從從句在復(fù)合句句中作主主句的賓賓語.引引導(dǎo)詞有有連詞that(that?？墒÷月?,whether,if;代詞有who,whose,what,which;副詞when,where,how,why等.如:1.Webelieve(that)heishonest.2.Iaskedif(=whether)theyhadacheapsuit.3.Canyoutellwhichdictionaryishers?4.Ireallydon’’tknowwhatheisdoing.VIII.表語語從句在復(fù)合句句中作主主句的表表語.引引導(dǎo)詞有有連詞that(that不可省),whether;代代詞有who,what,which;副詞when,where,how,why等.如:Theproblemisthatwedidn’’tgetintouchwithhim.ThisishowHenrysolvedtheproblem.Hissuggestionisthatwe(should)finishtheworkatonce.如果句子子的主語語是suggestion,advice.order等名詞詞時,后面面引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)的表表語從從句用用should+動詞詞原形形,should可可省略略.IX.同位位語從從句在句中中起同同位語語的作作用.一般放放在名名詞fact,news,idea,promise,thought,suggestion等之后后,用用以說說明或或解釋釋前面面的名名詞.引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)詞有有連詞詞that;少少數(shù)情情況下下也可可用連連接副副詞等等.如如:1.Thethoughtthatwemightsuccessexcitedus.2.Theideathattheyshouldtryasecondtimeisworthconsidering.3.Thesuggestionthattheplan(should)bedelayedwillbediscussedtomorrow.4.YouhavenoideahowworriedIwas.名詞suggestion,advice.order等詞后后的同同位語語從句句的謂謂語動動詞要要用should+動詞詞原形形,should可可省略略.WrittenexercisesforNounclausesX.Homework:C1onpage94Unit2Grammarandusage(2)EmptyItNanjingUniversityAttachedHighSchoolZhuYunhuiRevisionIt’’sabook.(指代代)It’’seighto’’clock.(時時間)It’’scoldoutside.(天氣氣)It’’salongwaytothemuseum.(距離離)II.EmptysubjectitWecanuseitasanemptysubjectA.whenweuseanounclauseasthesubjectofasentence.(correct)ThatwewouldnotbeabletounderstandOldEnglishtodayiscertain.b.(correct)WhetherEnglishwillcontinuechanginginthefutureiseasytoanswer.c.(correct)Whenweusecertainwordsdependsonthestyleofwriting.(preferable)ItiscertainthatwewouldnotbeabletounderstandOldEnglishtoday.=(preferable)ItiseasytoanswerwhetherEnglishwillcontinuechanginginthefuture.=(preferable)Itdependsonthestyleofwritingwhenweusecertainwords.=It作作形形式主主語的的句型型:It+be+adj.(true,certain,possible,obvious,likely…)that……2.It+be+nounphrase(nowonder,anhonour,apity,…)that……3.It+be+pastparticiple(said,reported,expected,announced…)that…4.It+seems/appearsthat….5.Itdoesn’’tmatterthat……B.Whenthesubjectisato-infinitive:a.(correct)Tomasteraforeignlanguageishard.b.(correct)Toknowhowtouseacomputerisimportant.(preferable)Itishardtomasteraforeignlanguage.=(preferable)Itisimportanttoknowhowtouseacomputer.=C.Whenthesubjectisav-ingforma.(correct)Itisdifficulttostopsmoking.b.(correct)IttakesalotofmytimetravellingtoBeijing.Weusuallyusetheemptysubjectitwithaclauseorto-infinitive(preferable),butwiththev-ingformweprefertherealsubjectatthebeginning.Tip(preferable)Smokingisdifficulttostop.=(preferable)TravellingtoBeijingtakesupalotofmytime.=2.Itcanalsobeusedbeforeseem,appear,happen,chance,turnoutandproveastheemptysubjectofasentence.:a.Heseemstospeaktwolanguages.b.Mynewneighbourhappenstocomefrommyhometown.Itseemsthathespeakstwolanguages.=Ithappensthatmynewneighbourcomesfrommyhometown.=3.Wecanemphasizethesubject,object,oradverbialinasentencebyusingit+be+theword/phraseyouemphasize+aclauseintroducedbythatorwho.a.Itwaslastnight(notanyothertime)thatIreadaboutthehistoryofEnglish.Ifwedonotemphasizeanything,thesentencecanbe:IreadaboutthehistoryofEnglishlastnight.強調(diào)句:1.ItisProf.LiwhoteachesusEnglish.強調(diào)主語2.ItisEnglishthatProf.Liteachesus.強調(diào)賓語3.ItwasinShanghaithatIsawthefilm.強調(diào)狀語III.Exercises:AonPage31Bonpage31Answers:2.Itdependsuponwhatyouseeandheartodecidewhattheyare.3.Italwayspuzzlesmewhymydogbarksincertainways.4.Itwon’tbedifficultbuyingamachinelikethis.B.2.Itisbecausethereareseveralracialgroupslivin