專業(yè)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)(閱讀)模擬試卷125(題后含答案及解析)

專業(yè)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)（閱讀）模擬試卷125(題后含答案及解析)題型有：1.2.SECTIONAInthissectionthereareseveralpassagesfollowedbytenmultiple-choicequestions.Foreachquestion,therearefoursuggestedanswersmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.(1)TheBattleofNormandywasfoughtduringWorldWarIIinthesummerof1944,betweentheAlliednationsandGermanforcesoccupyingWesternEurope.Morethan60yearslater,theNormandyInvasion,orD-Day,remainsthelargestseaborneinvasioninhistory,involvingnearlythreemilliontroopscrossingtheEnglishChannelfromEnglandtoNormandyinoccupiedFrance.(2)OperationOverlordwasthecodenamefortheAlliedinvasionofnorthwestEurope.Theassaultphase,ortheestablishmentofasecurefoothold,wasknownasOperationNeptune.OperationNeptunebeganonD-Day(June1,1944)andendedonJune30,whentheAllieshadestablishedafirmfootholdinNormandy.OperationOverlordalsobeganonD-Day,andcontinueduntilAlliedforcescrossedtheRiverSeineonAugust19.(3)Thebattlebeganmonthsbeforetheinvasion,whenAlliedbombersbegantopoundtheNormandycoastandfarthersouth,todestroytransportationlinks,anddisrupttheGermanarmy’sbuild-upoftheirmilitarystrength.Morethan300planesdropped13,000bombsoverNormandyinadvanceoftheinvasion.Sixparachuteregiments,withmorethan13,000men,alsowentaheadtocutrailroadlines,blowupbridges,andseizelandingfields.Glidersalsobroughtinmen,lightartillery,jeeps,andsmalltanks.(4)WiththeinvasionofNormandy,GeneralDwightD.Eisenhowerfacedataskofmagnitudeandhazardsneverbeforeattempted.Hewouldhavetomovehisforces100milesacrosstheEnglishChannelandstormaheavilyfortifiedcoastline.Hisenemywastheweapon-and-tank-superiorGermanarmycommandedbyErwinRommel,oneofthemostbrilliantgeneralsofthewar.Lessthan15percentoftheAlliedforcescomingaboardtheshipshadeverseencombat.(5)AninvadingarmyhadnotcrossedtheunpredictableanddangerousEnglishChannelsince1688.OncethemassiveAlliedforcesetout,therewasnoturningback.TheAlliesboasteda5,000-vesselarmadathatstretchedasfarastheeyecouldsee,transportingbothmenandvehiclesacrossthechanneltotheFrenchbeaches.Inaddition,theAllieshad4,000smallerlandingcraftandmorethan11,000aircraft.(6)BynightfallonJune6,morethan9,000Alliedsoldiersweredeadorwounded,butmorethan100,000hadmadeitashoreandsecuredFrenchcoastalvillages.Withinweeks,supplieswerebeingunloadedatUtahandOmahabeachheadsattherateofmorethan20,000tonsperday.ByJune11,morethan326,000troops,55,000vehicles,and105,000tonsofsupplieshadbeenlandedonthebeaches.ByJune30,theAllieshadestablishedafirmfootholdinNormandy.AlliedforcescrossedtheRiverSeineonAugust19.(7)MilitaryintelligencewasanimportantpartoftheNormandyinvasion.BritishandAmericancryptographersworkinginLondondecipheredcodedmessagesthattheGermanbelievedtobeunbreakable.MessagescouldquiteoftenbedeliveredtoEisenhowerwithintwoandahalfhoursofthetimetheGermanshadsentit.Inaddition,reconnaissanceteamstookinfraredpicturesofOmahaBeachwhileavoidingGermanpatrols.(8)ThereisnoofficialcasualtyfigureforD-Day.Itisestimatedthatmorethan425,000AlliedandGermantroopswerekilled,wounded,orwentmissingduringthebattle.Thatfigureincludesmorethan209,000Alliedcasualties.Inadditiontoroughly200,000Germantroopskilledorwounded,theAlliesalsocaptured200,000soldiers.CapturedGermansweresenttoAmericanprisoner-of-warcampsattherateof30,000permonth,fromD-DayuntilChristmas1944.Between15,000and20,000Frenchcivilianswerekilledduringthebattle.(9)Intheend,theinvasionofNormandysucceededinitsobjectivebysheerforceofnumbers.ByJuly1944,someonemillionAlliedtroops,mostlyAmerican,British,andCanadian,wereentrenchedinNormandy.Duringthegreatinvasion,theAlliesassemblednearlythreemillionmenandstored16milliontonsofarms,munitions,andsuppliesinBritain.(10)TheoccupationofNormandywascrucialfortheWesternAlliestobringthewartothewesternborderofGermany.IftheNormandyinvasionhadnotoccurred,therecouldconceivablyhavebeenacompletepossessionofnorthernandwesternEuropebySovietforces.1．“Eisenhowerfacedataskofmagnitudeandhazards”because______.A．GermanyhadamorefortifiedcoastlineB．theAlliedhadlesspowerfulweaponC．theAlliedhadmuchfewertroopsD．Germanyhadmorebrilliantgenerals正確答案：B解析：第4段中的復(fù)合形容詞weapon-and-tank-superior表明德軍的武器坦克裝備比盟軍強(qiáng)大，即盟軍的武器裝備比德軍弱小，因此本題應(yīng)選B。A中的coastline雖然在第4段有提及，但原文沒(méi)有對(duì)比德軍和盟軍誰(shuí)的海岸線防守得更嚴(yán)密，因此A不正確；該段最后一句只提到盟軍大多數(shù)并沒(méi)有作戰(zhàn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，但沒(méi)有提及盟軍和德軍誰(shuí)的士兵比較多(事實(shí)上，第7段提到了盟軍的士兵人數(shù)比德軍多得多)，因此C不正確；第4段還提及了德軍的著名將領(lǐng)隆美爾，但這不意味著德軍的名將比盟軍多，所以D也不正確。知識(shí)模塊：閱讀2．ThemassiveAlliedforceincluded5000______.A．tanksB．bombersC．warshipsD．vehicles正確答案：C解析：在第5段第3句中，數(shù)字5000后的vessel表明這是5000艘戰(zhàn)艦，因此本題應(yīng)選C。本題的所有選項(xiàng)都可以用作運(yùn)輸工具，但只要抓住原文中的vessel一詞，就可以把其他陸地和空中的運(yùn)輸工具排除。知識(shí)模塊：閱讀3．ThecryptographerscontributedtotheNormandyinvasionby______.A．decodingmessagessentbytheGermantroopsB．providingmilitaryintelligencethroughspyingC．encodingmessagestheGermancouldn’tbreakD．takinginfraredpicturesoftheGermanpatrols正確答案：A解析：根據(jù)第7段第2句中的decipheredcodedmessages可以確定cryptographers的工作是“破譯密碼”，因此本題應(yīng)選A。B后半截的throughspying缺乏原文依據(jù)；C沒(méi)有原文依據(jù)；D是該段最后一句提到的是reconnaissanceteams的工作，亦排除。知識(shí)模塊：閱讀(1)Aboutfortyyearsago,IwasaninstructorinthemilitaryacademyatWoolwich,whenyoungScoresbywasgivenhisfirstexamination.Ifeltextremelysorryforhim.Everybodyansweredthequestionswell,intelligently,whilehe—why,dearme—hedidnotknowanything,sotospeak.Hewasanice,pleasantyoungman.Itwaspainfultoseehimstandthereandgiveanswersthatweremiraclesofstupidity.(2)Iknewofcoursethatwhenexaminedagainhewouldfailandbethrownout.So,Isaidtomyself,itwouldbeasimple,harmlessacttohelphimasmuchasIcould.(3)ItookhimasideandfoundheknewalittleaboutJuliusCeasar’shistory.But,hedidnotknowanythingelse.So,Iwenttoworkandtestedhimandworkedhimlikeaslave.Imadehimwork,overandoveragain,onafewquestionsaboutCeasar,whichIknewhewouldbeasked.(4)Ifyouwillbelieveme,hecamethroughverywellonthedayoftheexamination.Hegothighpraisetoo,whileotherswhoknewathousandtimesmorethanheweresharplycriticized.Bysomestrange,luckyaccident,hewasaskednoquestionsbutthoseImadehimstudy.Suchanaccidentdoesnothappenmorethanonceinahundredyears.(5)Well,allthroughhisstudies,Istoodbyhim,withthefeelingamotherhasforadisabledchild.Andhealwayssavedhimselfbysomemiracle.(6)Ithoughtthatwhatintheendwoulddestroyhimwouldbethemathematicsexamination.Idecidedtomakehisendaspainlessaspossible.So,Ipushedfactsintohisstupidheadforhours.Finally,IlethimgototheexaminationtoexperiencewhatIwassurewouldbehisdismissalfromschool.Well,sir,trytoimaginetheresult.Iwasshockedoutofmymind.Hetookfirstprize!Andhegotthehighestpraise.(7)Ifeltguiltydayandnight—whatIwasdoingwasnotright.ButIonlywantedtomakehisdismissalalittlelesspainfulforhim.Ineverdreameditwouldleadtosuchstrange,laughableresults.(8)Ithoughtthatsoonerorlateronethingwassuretohappen:Thefirstrealtestoncehewasthroughschoolwouldruinhim.(9)Then,theCrimeanWarbrokeout.Ifeltthatsadforhimthattherehadtobeawar.Peacewouldhavegiventhisdonkeyachancetoescapefromeverbeingfoundoutasbeingsostupid.Nervously,Iwaitedfortheworsttohappen.Itdid.Hewasappointedanofficer.Acaptain,ofallthings!Whocouldhavedreamedthattheywouldplacesucharesponsibilityonsuchweakshouldersashis.(10)Thebattlegrewhotter.TheEnglishandtheiralliesweresteadilyretreatingalloverthefield.Ourregimentoccupiedapositionthatwasextremelyimportant.Onemistakenowwouldbringtotaldisaster.AndwhatdidScoresbydothistime—hejustmistookhislefthandforhisrighthand...thatwasall.Anordercameforhimtofallbackandsupportourright.Instead,hemovedforwardandwentoverthehilltotheleft.Wewereoverthehillbeforethisinsanemovementcouldbediscoveredandstopped.Andwhatdidwefind?AlargeandunsuspectedRussianarmywaiting!Andwhathappened—wereweallkilled?Thatisexactlywhatwouldhavehappenedinninety-ninecasesoutofahundred.Butno—thosesurprisedRussiansthoughtthatnooneregimentbyitselfwouldcomearoundthereatsuchatime.(11)ItmustbethewholeBritisharmy,theythought.Theyturnedtail,awaytheywentoverthehillanddownintothefieldinwilddisorder,andweafterthem.Innotime,therewasthegreatestturnaroundyoueversaw.Thealliesturneddefeatintoasweepingandshiningvictory.(12)Thealliedcommanderlookedon,hisheadspinningwithwonder,surpriseandjoy.HesentrightoffforScoresby,andputhisarmsaroundhimandhuggedhimonthefieldinfrontofallthearmies.Scoresbybecamefamousthatdayasagreatmilitaryleader—honoredthroughouttheworld.Thathonorwillneverdisappearwhilehistorybookslast.4．Accordingtothenarrator,Scoresbypassedtheexamsbecauseof______.A．thenarrator’shelpB．Scoresby’sgoodluckC．Scoresby’shardworkD．theteachers’kindness正確答案：B解析：第4段倒數(shù)第2句中的lucky以及該段最后一句和第5段末尾的miracle都表明作者認(rèn)為Scoresby是因?yàn)檫\(yùn)氣好才能考試及格，因此本題應(yīng)選B。文章反復(fù)提到作者幫助Scoresby，但也多次提到作者認(rèn)為Scoresby笨到無(wú)可救藥，由此可見(jiàn)，光靠作者的幫助或老師的仁慈，Scoresby是不可能考試及格的，由此可將最具干擾性的A和D排除。知識(shí)模塊：閱讀5．ThenarratordecidedtohelpScoresby______.A．sothatScoresbywouldnotloseallhisconfidenceB．sothatScoresbycouldstayatschoolaslongaspossibleC．becausethenarratorregardedScoresbyashisownchildD．becausethenarratordidn’twanttoseethestudentslagbehind正確答案：B解析：第2段第1句表明作者不想Scoresby被逐出學(xué)校，所以他決定盡力幫助Scoresby以使他能待在學(xué)校，由此可見(jiàn)，本題應(yīng)選B。C試圖利用第5段第1句提到的mother，child等詞混淆實(shí)現(xiàn)，該句只是一個(gè)比喻的說(shuō)法，作者并沒(méi)有真的把Scoresby看作自己的孩子，因此排除C；A、D無(wú)原文依據(jù)。知識(shí)模塊：閱讀6．WhatdidthenarratorthinkaboutScoresby?A．Scoresbywouldnevergetoverhisstupidity.B．Scoresbywouldhaveapromisingfuture.C．Scoresby’sstupiditywouldbecompensatedbyhardwork.D．Scoresby’sfailureshouldbeattributedtohislaziness.正確答案：A解析：全文提及作者對(duì)Scoresby的多次幫助，但每次幫助之后，作者又覺(jué)得Scoresby還是靠運(yùn)氣才通過(guò)了考試，可見(jiàn)作者覺(jué)得Scoresby無(wú)法變聰明，因此本題應(yīng)選A。文章表明作者對(duì)Scoresby畢業(yè)后的前途并不看好，B與此觀點(diǎn)相反；C中的hardwork和D中的laziness均沒(méi)有原文依據(jù)。知識(shí)模塊：閱讀7．The“firstrealtest”forScoresbywouldbe______.A．hisfirsttalkwithhissupervisorB．hisfirstservicetothecommunityC．hisfirstjobinterviewD．hisfirsttaskasasoldier正確答案：D解析：第1段首句中的militaryacademy表明Scoresby就讀的是一間軍校，畢業(yè)后會(huì)當(dāng)士兵；而且后文繼續(xù)講述戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)兩人上戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)的事情，由此可知，作者認(rèn)為Scoresby畢業(yè)當(dāng)兵后執(zhí)行第一次任務(wù)會(huì)毀掉他，因此，本題應(yīng)選D。知識(shí)模塊：閱讀(1)AsoneofEurope’sleadingculturalcitiesBerlinoffersmanymuseums,historicsitesandotherplacesforamemorablevisit.(2)ManylandmarksremindusofthelonghistoryofBerlin,theremainsofthedestructionduringWorldWarIIandit’shistorywhenitwasdividedbetweeneastandwest.EventhoughBerlinisalargemetropolisorientatingyourselfinBerlinisn’thardatall.Therearethreeprominentlandmarks:theChurchofRemembrance(theGedachtniskirche),locatedintheWestontheKurfiirstendamm,theBrandenburgerTorinthecitydistrictofMitte,andtheFernsehturm(TV-tower)atAlexanderplatzintheEast.RoundandaboutthesethreepointsofinterestlietheinnerdistrictsofBerlin.(3)The365-meterhighTVTowerwasbuiltbetween1965and1969andislocatedinEastBerlin.ItremindsusofthetimewhenBerlinwasdivided.Nowit’sasymbolofaunitedcity.AndasoneofthehighestbuildingsinEuropeitoffersamarvellousviewofthecitybothduringthedayandnight.Youcanvisittheobservationplatformlocatedataheightof203metersordineattherestaurantwhileenjoyingtheview.(4)TheBrandenburgGate,Berlin’sonlyremainingcitygate,isthemostknowntownlandmarkandalsosymbolofthedivisionandreunionofthecity.Itwassituatedinthenoman’slandjustbehindthewallandreopenedaftertheFalloftheWallonDecember22,1989.Thesandstoneconstruction,builtfrom1788-1791toplansbyC.G.Langhans,has12DoriccolumnsandisbasedonthepropylaeumoftheAcropolisinAthens.(5)In1891-1895,inanew-Romanesquestyle,theoriginalGedachtniskirchewasbuilttohonourthememoryofKaiserWilhelmIandrepresentedasymboloftheeraoftheGermanEmpire.DuringtheSecondWorldWar,thechurchwasheavilydamagedbutnotcompletelydestroyed.Theremainingruinsremindedthelocalpopulationaboutthebombingsofthewarandweretransformedintoasmallmuseumandintoamemorial.In1961-1963,nexttothechurch,thehighsix-sidedbelltowerandtheflateight-sidedmainbuildingwerebuilt.Theoldtowerruinsservetodayasachurchmuseumandaremembrancehallforpeaceandreconciliation.(6)TheReichstagisaveryimportantsiteinGermanhistory—itscolourfulpastreflectstheturbulenceofGermanhistorysincethe19thcentury.TheReichstagwasconstructedfrom1884-1894byPaulWallot,sincearepresentativebuildingwasneededtohousetheparliamentofthenewly-foundedGermanstate.OnNovember9,1918,thepoliticianPhilippScheidemannannouncedtheestablishmentoftheRepublicfromoneofitswindows.Afterthewar,thedevastatedbuildingwasrebuiltinasimplifiedformfrom1961-1971,butitwasnotusedforparliamentaryfunctions.Afterreunification,theGermanFederalGovernmentdecidedtousethebuildingasaparliamentonceagain.From1994-1999theReichstagwasreconstructedandextendedbytheArchitectSirNormanForster.Since1999theReichstagishometotheBundestag(thelowerParliament).(7)TheBerlinWallwasoriginallyonehundredmileslongandwasconstructedbytheCommunistgovernmentoftheformereast.AllthatislefttodayareafewsectionsofthewallneartheOstbahnhofandtheReichstag.ThesesectionshavebeenpreservedtoremindBerlinersofthe28-yeardivisionoftheircity.TheremnantsoftheBerlinWallnowserveasanoutdoorgalleryofartfromlocalandcityartists.8．BeforethereunionofBerlin,theBrandenburgGate______.A．wastheonlygatewaytoBerlinB．wastheonlycitygatenotdestroyedbywarC．becamealmostaruininaccessibletovisitorsD．signifiedtheborderofEastBerlinandWestBerlin正確答案：D解析：從第4段第2句描述的勃蘭登堡門位于柏林墻后可以推斷它就在東、西柏林的分界線上，由此可見(jiàn)，D為本題答案。A沒(méi)有原文依據(jù)：第4段第1句只提到了onlyremainingcitygate，沒(méi)有提到其他門在什么時(shí)候以什么方式被毀掉，因此B不正確：C的前半部分沒(méi)有原文依據(jù)，第4段第2句提到它在東西德國(guó)統(tǒng)一后才重新開(kāi)放，這不意味著它當(dāng)時(shí)是廢墟不能開(kāi)放了。知識(shí)模塊：閱讀9．WhatistrueabouttheBerlinWall?A．ItlastedfromtheendofWWIIto1976.B．Itspannedfromsometimein1961to1989.C．ItsymbolizedthecollapseoftheRepublic.D．Ithasbeentotallyremovedafterthereunion.正確答案：B解析：從第4段第2句提到的勃蘭登堡門重開(kāi)的時(shí)間和最后一段第3句提到的德國(guó)分裂的持續(xù)時(shí)間可以推斷德國(guó)從1961年開(kāi)始分裂，到1989年統(tǒng)一，柏林圍墻的存在從德國(guó)分裂到統(tǒng)一共28年，因此應(yīng)選B。知識(shí)模塊：閱讀10．ThepassagemainlydescribesBerlinfroma______viewpoint.A．culturalB．politicalC．historica