2020版新高考英語(yǔ)二輪提分教程文檔：寫作部分專題二考點(diǎn)通關(guān)第3講

---第3講？說(shuō)明文寫作點(diǎn)撥V說(shuō)明文是以說(shuō)明為主要表達(dá)方式，要求用簡(jiǎn)潔明快的語(yǔ)言來(lái)解說(shuō)事物、闡明事理，從而給讀者提供知識(shí)的一種文體。近幾年高考說(shuō)明文多數(shù)以圖表、表格或文字的形式給出提示，并往往融合應(yīng)用文體進(jìn)行考查，一般分為場(chǎng)所路線介紹、事物介紹、方式方法或計(jì)劃安排介紹三大類。時(shí)態(tài)通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。寫說(shuō)明文宜采用三段式：第一段：主要介紹要說(shuō)明的對(duì)象及說(shuō)明的目的。第二段：說(shuō)明事物的主要特征或做事情的方法步驟。第三段：進(jìn)行總結(jié)概括。有句模板1 V.說(shuō)明方位、路線常用語(yǔ)...islocatedatthefooto/bythesideof/totheeastof/tothenorthof...(2)Infrontofitis…，with...onitsleftand...onitsright.(3)Turningtotheleft,youwillsee...,behindwhichis...(4)Walkingpast...,youwillseethebuildingthatappearsinfrontofyouis...(5)Alongtheroadarelinesoftrees,castingdenseshadeonthesidewalk.(6)Awalkaround...isafeastforthemindaswellastheeyes.(7)Onyourleftliesa(n)...,withallkindsof...init.(8)Nexttothedooragainstthewallthereisa(n)...,inwhichwesittowatchTVeveryevening..說(shuō)明事物的特點(diǎn)或優(yōu)勢(shì)常用語(yǔ)...ducedby...,whichis...(2)Madeof...,itislight,small,andeasytocarry.(3)Containingmuchtopandnewtechnique,...isfamousforitsexcellentqualityandreasonableprice.(4)Itisrichinnaturalresourcessuchascoalandgoldandhasmildweather.(5)Builtinthe16thcentury,thecastlehaswitnessedwhat'scomingandgoinginhistory..說(shuō)明文格式模板Fromthechart,wecanlearnthat(圖表/圖畫內(nèi)容)，whichreveals/reflects(f肖作評(píng)價(jià)).Thereareatleasttwogoodreasonsaccountingfor^件).Foronething,(從社會(huì)角度說(shuō)明/論證).Foranotherthing, 從個(gè)人角度說(shuō)明/論證）.Forexample,（以自己、朋友等為例加以說(shuō)明）.Lastbutnotleast,伙反面角度說(shuō)明/論述）.Asaresult,theworryingsituationisurgingusto（建議或措施）.Onlyinthiswaycanwe（展望結(jié)果）.Inconclusion/Inbrief,（H次說(shuō)明觀點(diǎn)）.Weshould進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明）.輔助練一|1 V下面的柱狀圖（barchart）顯示了你校上周針對(duì)“用電腦、手機(jī)和紙媒學(xué)習(xí)”的調(diào)查結(jié)果。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)給21stCentury報(bào)社寫一篇短文，報(bào)道你校的調(diào)查結(jié)果，并對(duì)此結(jié)果發(fā)表你的看法。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearEditor,WemadeasurveyinourschoollastweekandI'dliketotellyousomethingabouttheresults.［審題謀篇通思路］本題是關(guān)于“用電腦、手機(jī)和紙媒學(xué)習(xí)”的調(diào)查結(jié)果的寫作，可分為三段：第一段：說(shuō)明本文的目的一一呈現(xiàn)上周調(diào)查的結(jié)果。第二段：分析圖表中數(shù)據(jù)的含義一一使用各種學(xué)習(xí)方式與手段所占的比例。第三段：得出結(jié)論一一紙媒學(xué)習(xí)還是占主流。［修訂提升爭(zhēng)高分］DearEditor,Wemade_asurvey_in_ourschool_last_week_and_I'dliketotellyousomethingabouttheresults.^_^_^_^_^_^_Asisshowninthebarchart,studentsusingpaper-basedmaterialstostudyoccupies47%,followedbythepercentageof38%students,whogetusedto用高級(jí)詞匯替換：1.getaccustomed_to）usingallthethreemeansofstudy.11%ofthestudentssurveyedprefertousecomputers.Studentswhothinksmartphonescanbebeneficialtotheirstudyaccountfortherestof4%.Itisapparentthatthetraditionalwayofstudythatstudentsreadbooksandtakenoteswithapenisstillthechoiceformoststudents.（用apparently改寫：2.Apparently,thetraditionalwayofstudythatstudentsreadbooksandtakenoteswithapen_isstillthechoice_formoststudents.Computersorphonesusageissupposedtodoharmtoeyesightanditisthereasonwhyasmallnumberofstudentschoose用which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句改寫：3.c-o/mputers_orphonesusage_issupposed_to_doharm_toeyesight,which_is_thereason_whyasmallnumber,_of_studentschoose.）AsfarasIamconcerned,ifusedproperly,allthesemeansofstudycanbenefitus.過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)（限時(shí)：25分鐘/篇）請(qǐng)觀察所給的圖畫，并根據(jù)你對(duì)該圖畫的理解寫一篇英語(yǔ)短文，內(nèi)容包括：.簡(jiǎn)要描述圖畫，并說(shuō)明該圖畫所揭露的現(xiàn)象；.分析該現(xiàn)象的利弊（至少各一點(diǎn)）；.提出自己的看法。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；.開頭已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；.文章中不得提及考生所在學(xué)校及本人姓名。Asisvividlyshowninthepicture,aboyishappywiththefactthat［精彩范文］Asisvividlyshowninthepicture,aboyishappywiththefactthathecandependontheInternettofinishtaskswithoutanydifficulty.Nowadays,studentscangeteasyaccesstomuchinformationtheyneedontheInternet.Ontheonehand,studentsfinditconvenienttosurftheInternetforusefulinformation,whereproblemscanbesolvedwiththehelpofseveralclicks.Ontheotherhand,turningtotheInternettoomuchmaycausestudentstousetheirheadsless.Asaresult,it'slikelythatstudentswillnotdeveloptheirpotentialtothefull,whichisnotbeneficialtotheiroveralldevelopment.Inmyopinion,itisvitalthatstudentsshouldbeawareoftheadvantagesanddisadvantages.TheyshouldknowclearlywhenorunderwhatcircumstancetheyturntotheInternet.Mostimportantly,theyshouldlearntobecreative.（二）請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的示意圖及其說(shuō)明寫一篇 100詞左右的短文，介紹No.1MiddleSchook說(shuō)明：.①?④籃球場(chǎng)(basketballcourt)⑤餐廳⑥學(xué)生宿舍 ⑦教師宿舍 ⑧?⑨花壇(flowerbed);.所有大樓四周都種有樹木和花草；.學(xué)校占地約8.7公頃。［精彩范文］No.1MiddleSchool,locatedinthewestofthecityonthebankofChengxiRiver,coversanareaofabout8.7hectares.Whenyouentertheschool,youcanseeabigflowerbedinfrontofyou,andtwolargebuildings—thelibraryonyourrightandtheteachingbuildingonyourleft.Walkingonfurther,youwillfindthegym,themostbeautifulbuildingoncampus,infrontofwhichthereisanotherroundflowerbed.Behindit,thereliefourbasketballcourts.Nexttothecourtsisthesportsground.Alongitseastsidestandthreebuildings—thedininghallandtwodormitoriesforthestudentsandteachersrespectively.Allthebuildingsaresurroundedbytreesandflowers.Itisreallyabeautifulschool.強(qiáng)化特訓(xùn)11書面表達(dá)（五）（限時(shí)：25分鐘/篇）現(xiàn)在，越來(lái)越多的年輕人喜歡在網(wǎng)上點(diǎn)餐或打電 +話叫外賣，不愿意自己做飯，就這一現(xiàn)象結(jié)合下面的提示，寫一篇短文。.陳述現(xiàn)象；.說(shuō)明此現(xiàn)象的原因（至少兩點(diǎn)）；.你個(gè)人的看法和選擇。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；.行文連貫，語(yǔ)篇完整；.文中不得透露個(gè)人真實(shí)信息。參考詞匯：外賣店，外賣餐館take—outrestaurant[精彩范文]Nowadays,agrowingnumberofyoungpeoplewouldratherorderfoodontheInternetorcallatake—outrestaurantformealsthancookathome.It'snotsurprisingforthemtodoso.Foronething,withthepaceofmodernlifebecomingfasterandfaster,timeisquiteprecious.Intheireyes,itisunnecessarytotaketimetocook.Foranotherthing,homecookingfoodissimplerinkindandlessdelicious,especiallyforthosewhoareparticularaboutfood.Inmyview,ourhealthiscloselyrelatedtowhatweeat.Thebusierweare,themoreattentionweshouldpaytofood.Therefore,Iprefertocookfoodathomeandgoonabalanceddiet.

假定你是李華，是晨光中學(xué)白^高三學(xué)生。在距離高考 100天的心理課上，老師給出四種物件，讓你選出自己最想保留的一件東西，和最不想要的一件東西。請(qǐng)寫出活動(dòng)中你的選擇并陳述理由，每件東西至少兩個(gè)理由，并說(shuō)明活動(dòng)意義。textbook小說(shuō)textbook小說(shuō)注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫;.文章開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：物件itemFacingthefouritemsputforwardbymypsychologyteacher,I,aSeniorThreestudent,[精彩范文]Facing_the_four_items_put_forward_by_my_psychology_teacher,_I,_a_Senior_Threestudent,_wouldliketokeepthetextbooksandabandonthecellphone.Thereasonscanbelistedasfollows.With100daystogo,Iknow,comparedwithotherthings,studymustcomefirst.Iwillmakefulluseofmytextbookstoimprovemyselftogetclosertomydreameveryday.What'smore,textbooksarethebestthingsformetogetequippedwithbasicknowledge.Asforthecellphone,itisthelastthingtokeep,foritisthebiggestdistractionforme.Irealizebeinglostinacellphoneisawasteoftime.Also,we,asarule,areforbiddentousecellphonesinclass.Ilovethisactivity,whichmakesmerealizewhatIshouldfocusonandwhatIshoulddropnow.假設(shè)你是某校學(xué)生，寒假期間，你就老百姓關(guān)心的“民生”問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了一次問(wèn)卷調(diào)查，下面是這次問(wèn)卷調(diào)查的結(jié)果。請(qǐng)根據(jù)表格內(nèi)容寫一個(gè)調(diào)查報(bào)告，并著重選擇兩個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容，分析人們滿意或不滿意的主要原因。原因部分要求自己設(shè)想。

□滿意率□滿意率注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.文章的開頭已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。參考詞7匚：保險(xiǎn)insurance;民生people'slivelihoodDuringthewinterholiday,Iconductedasurveyonthepeople'slivelihoodinmyhometown.［精彩范文］During_the_winter_holiday,_I_conducted_asurvey_on_thepeople'slivelihood_in