2022年江蘇省鹽城市中考英語真題 （解析版）

第23頁/共23頁鹽城市2022年中考英語試卷（滿分：120分考試時間：100分鐘）第I卷（選擇題，共70分）一、單項選擇（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）1.TravellingtoYancheng,________beautifulseasidecity,isafantasticexperience.A.a B.an C.the D.【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：去鹽城，一個美麗的海濱城市旅行是一次奇妙的經(jīng)歷?？疾楣谠~的用法。此處泛指一個海濱城市，“beautiful”首字母發(fā)輔音音素，故選A。2.Girlsinourclassshowinterestin________.Somelikepaintingandotherslikedancing.A.art B.sports C.fashion D.literature【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：我們班的女生對藝術很感興趣。有些人喜歡畫畫，有些人喜歡跳舞?？疾槊~辨析。art藝術；sports運動；fashion時尚；literature文學。根據(jù)“Somelikepaintingandotherslikedancing.”可知，畫畫和跳舞都屬于藝術范疇，故選A。3.LucyandLilyaretwins.Eventheirparentsfindithardtotellthedifferences________them.Afrom B.with C.between D.among【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：露西和莉莉是雙胞胎。甚至他們的父母也很難分辨他們之間的差異?？疾榻樵~辨析。from從；with和；between在兩者之間；among在三者及以上之間。根據(jù)“LucyandLilyaretwins”可知，此處是兩者之間；tellthedifferencebetween“分辨……和……之間的差異”。故選C。4.We’llhaveapicnicintheparkthisSunday________thereisaheavyrain.A.whether B.unless C.since D.because【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：除非下大雨，否則這個星期天我們將在公園野餐?？疾檫B詞辨析。whether是否；unless除非；since自從；because因為。根據(jù)“We’llhaveapicnicintheparkthisSunday…thereisaheavyrain.”可知，除非下雨，否則就回去野餐，故選B。5.—Coffeeormilk,Jeff?—________isOK.Icarelittleaboutit.A.Both B.None C.Either D.Neither【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——咖啡還是牛奶，杰夫？——兩個都可以。我不太在乎。考查代詞辨析。Both兩者都；None三者及三者以上都不；Either兩者中任一個；Neither兩者都不。根據(jù)“Coffeeormilk”可知，在兩者中作選擇，結合“…isOK.Icarelittleaboutit.”可知，兩者中任意一個都行，故用Either。故選C。6.Safetycomesfirst.Everyoneonthecoach________weartheseatbelt.A.can B.can’t C.must D.mustn`t【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：安全第一。車上的每個人都必須系好安全帶?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。can能，可以；can’t不能，不會；must必須；mustn’t禁止，不能。根據(jù)“Safetycomesfirst”和“weartheseatbelt”可知，安全最重要，故必須系好安全帶。故選C。7.Millie________alotaboutsea-saltculturesinceshecametoYancheng.A.learns B.learned C.willlearn D.haslearned【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：自從米莉來到鹽城以來，她學到了很多關于海鹽文化的知識?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。此處是since引導的時間狀語從句，從句為一般過去時，主句應為現(xiàn)在完成時，結構是have/hasdone。故選D。8.GoodnewscomesthatChinahassentShenzhouXIVtospace________theunknownworld.A.explore B.explored C.exploring D.toexplore【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：好消息來了，中國已經(jīng)將神舟十四號發(fā)射到太空去探索未知的世界。考查非謂語動詞。explore探索，動詞原形；explored探索，動詞過去式或過去分詞；exploring探索，動名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞；toexplore探索，動詞不定式。根據(jù)“ChinahassentShenzhouXIVtospace”和“theunknownworld”可知，中國已經(jīng)將神舟十四號發(fā)射到太空，其目的是探索未知的世界，動詞不定式表目的。故選D。9.—Whatshouldwetakewhengoingbirdwatching?—You’dbettertakeapairofbinocularswhichwillhelpyouseemore________.A.quietly B.clearly C.politely D.seriously【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——我們?nèi)ビ^鳥時應該帶什么？——你最好帶一副雙筒望遠鏡，這樣可以看得更清楚?？疾楦痹~辨析。quietly安靜地，平靜地；clearly清楚地，清晰地；politely禮貌地；seriously嚴肅地。根據(jù)“goingbirdwatching”和“takeapairofbinoculars”可知，去觀鳥時帶雙筒望遠鏡是為了看的更清楚，“清楚地”clearly。故選B。10.SpudWebb________atfirstbecauseofhisheight,buthedidn’tloseheart.A.refuses B.refused C.wasrefused D.willberefused【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：斯普德·韋伯最初因為身高而被拒絕，但他沒有灰心。考查被動語態(tài)。主語SpudWebb與動詞refuse之間存在邏輯上的被動關系，即他被拒絕，故為被動語態(tài)。結合“buthedidn’tloseheart.”可知，時態(tài)是一般過去時，故為一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，結構是was/weredone。故選C。11.Mr.Lioftenlooksup________informationonHealthYanchengappbeforegoingtohospital.A.personal B.medical C.national D.musical【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：李先生經(jīng)常在去醫(yī)院之前在健康鹽城app上查找醫(yī)療信息?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。personal個人的；medical醫(yī)學的，醫(yī)療的；national國家的；musical音樂的。根據(jù)“...HealthYanchengappbeforegoingtohospital”可知，與健康相關，故選B。12.UNICEFispartoftheUnitedNations.Itwas________inEuropein1946.A.setup B.putup C.cutdown D.putdown【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：聯(lián)合國兒童基金會是聯(lián)合國的一部分。它于1946年在歐洲成立?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。setup成立；putup張貼；cutdown砍到；putdown鎮(zhèn)壓。根據(jù)“Itwas…inEuropein1946.”可知，此處介紹聯(lián)合國兒童基金會成立的時間，故選A。13.—Canyoutellme________?—Neverspendtoomuchtimeonscreen.A.howwecanhavebrighteyes B.whyweshouldprotectoureyesC.wherewecanseeaneyedoctor D.whenweshoulddoeyeexercises【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——你能告訴我怎樣才能擁有明亮的眼睛嗎？——不要花太多時間在屏幕上?？疾橘e語從句的引導詞。how如何，怎樣；why為什么；where哪里；when什么時候。根據(jù)“Neverspendtoomuchtimeonscreen”可推測出，在詢問如何才能擁有明亮的眼鏡，“如何，怎樣”，此時應用關系副詞how引導賓語從句。故選A。14.—Mum,toloseweight,I’lleatlessandexercisemore.—Youpromisedmanytimes.Remember________.A.amissisasgoodasamile B.manyhandsmakelightworkC.thegrassisalwaysgreenerontheotherside D.actionsspeaklouderthanwords【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：——媽媽，為了減肥，我要少吃多運動。——你保證過很多次了。記住，行勝于言?？疾榱曊Z。amissisasgoodasamile失之毫厘謬以千里；manyhandsmakelightwork眾人拾柴火焰高；thegrassisalwaysgreenerontheotherside這山望著那山高；actionsspeaklouderthanwords行勝于言。根據(jù)“Youpromisedmanytimes.”可知，光說不練是沒用的，行勝于言。故選D。15.—Toliveagreenlife,weshoulddosomethingactively.—________.Let’sstartfromnowon.A.Nevermind B.Iagree C.Itdoesn’tmatter D.That’sallright【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——要過綠色生活，我們應該積極做一些事情?！彝狻Ｗ屛覀儚默F(xiàn)在開始?？疾榍榫敖浑H。Nevermind沒關系；Iagree我同意；Itdoesn’tmatter沒關系；That’sallright沒關系。根據(jù)“Toliveagreenlife,weshoulddosomethingactively”及“Let’sstartfromnowon”可知，同意對方的觀點，故選B。二、完形填空（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）Onceuponatime,therewasalittlesparrow.Thissparrowwasalwaysonthehuntforsomethingtoeatandonedayhehappeneduponabigbean.Butbeforehecould____16____it,hehadtowashhishands.Hehidthebeanonabridgeandflewdowntothe____17____belowtocleanup.“Ijustcan’twaitformywonderful____18____,”thesparrowsaidtohimself.Thenhe____19____hiswaybackuptothebridge.“Iwon’thavetoworkforaweek!”Butwhenhegotbacktohis____20____place,thebeanwasgone!Asthesparrowflewaroundlookingforhislosttreasure,hesawa____21____comingoverthebridge.“____22____,canyouhelpmefindmybean?”thesparrowasked.“Please,doIlooklikeIhavetimetofindatinybean?Findit____23____,”saidthefarmerashewalkedaway.Next,thesparrowsawasoldiercomingoverthebridge.Heaskedthesoldierthe____24____question.“Please,littlebird,Ihavenotimeforyou,”hesaidandwalkedon.Thenaminister（大臣）camewalkingby,but____25____thesparrowcouldevenask,helaughedandwalkedaway.Thelittlebirdhad____26____givenuphope,whenthekingcameupthebridge,ridingonanelephant.Thesparrowrepeatedhisquestion,butthekingdidn’t____27____him.Thesparrowsatonthebridge,hungryandsad.Anantcameby.Afterheheardthesparrow’sstory,hewentuptotheelephant.“Tellthekingtofindthatpoorbird’s____28____,orIwillgoinsideyourearandbiteyou!”Theelephantstopped,turnedtothekingandsaid,“Gohelpthatsparrow,orIwillthrowyouoff.”Thekingwas____29____.Hecalledtheministeroverandtheministerorderedthesoldier.Thenthesoldierwentovertothefarmer,“Findthatbird’sbean,orI’llkickyouoffthisbridge!”Thefarmer____30____alldayandasthesunwassetting,hefinallyfoundthebean.Thesparrowwasthankful,andheatewellforthenextweek.16.A.plant B.sell C.drop D.eat17.A.hill B.river C.tree D.forest18.A.breakfast B.lunch C.supper D.dinner19.A.lost B.felt C.made D.fought20.A.sleeping B.playing C.working D.hiding21.A.farmer B.soldier C.minister D.king22.A.Thankyou B.Excuseme C.I’msorry D.Comeon23.A.myself B.herself C.yourself D.himself24.A.same B.different C.opposite D.common25.A.while B.after C.before D.until26.A.again B.almost C.already D.always27.A.getonwith B.catchupwith C.takenoticeof D.thinkhighlyof28.A.meat B.drink C.fruit D.food29.A.scared B.satisfied C.excited D.bored30.A.regretted B.thought C.waited D.searched【答案】16.D17.B18.A19.C20.D21.A22.B23.C24.A25.C26.B27.C28.D29.A30.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇童話故事，講述麻雀豆子失而復得的故事?！?6題詳解】句意：但在他吃之前，他必須洗手。plant種植；sell賣；drop掉落；eat吃。根據(jù)前句“onedayhehappeneduponabigbean”可知，是吃豆子，故選D?！?7題詳解】句意：他把豆子藏在一座橋上，然后飛到下面的河里清理。hill小山；river河；tree樹；forest森林。根據(jù)“hehadtowashhishands”可知，要洗手，所以是去河邊，故選B?！?8題詳解】句意：我等不及我那美味的早餐了。breakfast早餐；lunch午餐；supper晚餐；dinner晚餐。根據(jù)“Thefarmer...alldayandasthesunwassetting”可知，找了一整天，所以麻雀打算把豆子當早餐，故選A。【19題詳解】句意：后他回到了橋上。lost失去；felt感覺；made制作；fought打仗。根據(jù)“Thenhe...hiswaybackuptothebridge.”可知，此處是“makeone’swaybackuptosp”短語，意為“設法回到某地”，故選C。【20題詳解】句意：但當他回到藏身之處時，豆子不見了！sleeping睡覺；playing玩；working工作；hiding隱藏。根據(jù)前文“Hehidthebeanonabridge”可知，把豆子藏起來了，故選D。【21題詳解】句意：當麻雀飛來飛去尋找他丟失的財寶時，他看見一個農(nóng)夫從橋上走過來。farmer農(nóng)夫；soldier軍人；minister大臣；king國王。根據(jù)“saidthefarmerashewalkedaway”可知，是一位農(nóng)夫，故選A?！?2題詳解】句意：打擾了，你能幫我找到我的豆子嗎？Thankyou謝謝你；Excuseme打擾；I’msorry抱歉；Comeon加油。請對方幫忙，應說“打擾了”，故選B?！?3題詳解】句意：你自己去找吧。myself我自己；herself她自己；yourself你自己；himself他自己。根據(jù)“Findit...”可知，農(nóng)夫讓麻雀自己找，故選C。【24題詳解】句意：他問士兵同樣的問題。same相同的；different不同的；opposite對立的；common共同的。聯(lián)系上下文，麻雀問了相同的問題，故選A。【25題詳解】句意：這時，一位大臣從旁邊走過，但麻雀還沒來得及問，他就笑著走開了。while當……時；after在……之后；before在……之前；until直到。根據(jù)“but...hesparrowcouldevenask,helaughedandwalkedaway”可知，麻雀還沒開口，大臣就笑著走開了，故選C。【26題詳解】句意：就在小鳥幾乎放棄希望的時候，國王騎著一頭大象上了橋。again再；almost幾乎；already已經(jīng)；always總是。根據(jù)“Thelittlebirdhad...givenuphope”和前文可知，沒人愿意幫助麻雀，他幾乎放棄希望了，故選B。【27題詳解】句意：但是國王并沒有注意到他。getonwith和……相處；catchupwith趕上；takenoticeof注意；thinkhighlyof高度評價。根據(jù)“butthekingdidn’t...him”可知，國王沒注意到麻雀，故選C。【28題詳解】句意：告訴國王去找那只可憐的鳥的食物，否則我就鉆進你的耳朵里咬你！meat肉；drink飲料；fruit水果；food食物。豆子是麻雀的食物，故選D?！?9題詳解】句意：國王很害怕。scared害怕的；satisfied滿意的；excited激動的；bored無聊的。根據(jù)“Gohelpthatsparrow,orIwillthrowyouoff.”可知，大象威脅要把國王仍下去，所以國王很害怕，故選A?！?0題詳解】句意：農(nóng)夫找了一整天，當太陽落山時，他終于找到了豆子。regretted后悔；thought認為；waited等待；searched搜尋。根據(jù)“Thefarmer...alldayandasthesunwassetting,hefinallyfoundthebean.”可知，農(nóng)夫找了一整天才找到豆子，故選D。三、閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）（一）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳答案。ATheSpringandAutumnandtheWarringStatesPeriodwasanageofgreatculturedevelopmentinChina.Herearesomegreatcharactersofthattime.ShangYangreformedmanyfields.Beforethereform,heplacedalog（原木）atthegateandpromised,“Ifsomeonecanmovethelog,hewillgetareward.”Noonebelievedhimuntilsomeonemovedthelog,ShangYangreallygavehimareward.DoyouknowLuBanlock?Itisaremovabletoy.LuBanmadeitforhisson.Hissonstudiedallnightbeforeopeningit.Healsoinventedmanytoolsandweapons（武器）.LiBingwasanexpertinwaterprojects.Hesetupmanywaterprojects.Dujiangyanisthemostfamous.Itmadewaterhelpfultothepeople.Once,anofficialfellunconscious（昏迷的）.EveryonethoughthewasdeadexceptBianQue.BianQuefelthisweakpulseandsaid.“Hewillwakeupinthreedays.”Twodayslater,theofficialwokeup.Everyonewasamazed.WhenBoYaplayed,eventhehorseslookedup,listenedtohismusicandstoppedeating.BoYa’sfriend,ZhongZiqi,understoodhismusic.Theylikedeachother.AfterZiqidied,BoYabrokehisguqinandneverplayeditanymore.31.WhydidShangYangmakeapromisebeforethereform?A.Togivepeopleareward. B.Tosellthelogatthemarket.C.Tofixthegateofthebuilding. D.Tomakepeoplebelievehim.32.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothearticle?A.LuBanwasanancientinventor. B.ZhongZiqiwasgoodatplayingguqin.C.LiBingwasanexpertinbuildinghouses. D.BianQueoncemadeadeadpersonbacktolife.33.What’sthemaintheme（主題）ofthearticleabove?A.Famouspeople. B.Chinesemedicine. C.Traditionalmusic. D.Importantinventions.【答案】31.D32.A33.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了春秋戰(zhàn)國時期的幾位著名人物。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Beforethereform,heplacedalog（原木）atthegateandpromised…ShangYangreallygavehimareward.”可知，商鞅要進行變法改革，勢必要先行獲取民眾的信任，在變法之前他將許下的獎賞兌現(xiàn)，成功取得了民眾的信任。故選D?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“DoyouknowLuBanlock?…Healsoinventedmanytoolsandweapons（武器）.”可知，魯班發(fā)明了魯班鎖，還發(fā)明了許多工具和武器，故可推知他是一位古代的發(fā)明家。故選A。【33題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Herearesomegreatcharactersofthattime.”及全文可知，本文主要介紹了商鞅、魯班、李冰、扁鵲、伯牙和鐘子期幾位著名春秋戰(zhàn)國時期的人物。故選A。BOneteacherpraisesastudentbysaying“You’resosmart!”Anotherteachersays“Youmusthaveworkedreallyhardatthis!”Whichstudentdoesbetterinschool?Studiesshowthatstudentswhohearthewordsofthesecondteacherwilldobetter.Thosestudentsarelearningthattheireffortisimportant.Psychologists（心理學家）lookedatwhatstudentsdidaftertheyweregivendifferenttypesofpraise.Somestudentsweretoldthattheyweregoodatatask.Theydidn’ttryveryhardthenexttime.Otherstudentsweretoldthattheyhadworkedhardatatask.Theyworkedevenharderthenexttime.Thefirstgroupofstudentswaslearningthattheyhadasetamountofskill.Theydidn’tthinktheycoulddoanybetter.Thisiscalledafixedmindset（思維模式）.Thesecondgroupwaslearningthattheycoulddobetteriftheykepttrying.Thisiscalledagrowthmindset.Peoplewhohaveagrowthmindsetbelievethatthebraincangrow;peoplecandobetterandlearnnewskills.Iftheyworkhard,theycanbesuccessful.Howcanteachersandparentshelpstudentssucceed?Theycanfocusmainlyoneffortandnotsimplyonability.Whenstudentssucceed,teachersandparentsshouldpraisetheactualworkratherthanintelligence（智力）ortalent.Whenstudentsfail,theyshouldbetoldhowtheycandobetter.Teachers,parentsandstudentsneedtovalueeffort,notintelligence.BeliefsofFixedandGrowthMindsetsFixedMindsetGrowthMindsetThingsyou’rebornwiththatcannotchangeThingsyoucangrowandimprovewithhardworkSomethingtoavoid—couldshowlackofskillSomethingimportant—leadstosuccessThingstoavoid—incaseyouaren’tgoodenoughThingsthathelpyoulearn34.Whatkindofpeoplehavefewerchancestosucceedaccordingtothearticle?A.Peoplewithagrowthmindset. B.Peoplewithafixedmindset.C.Peoplewhooftenlearnfromchallenges. D.Peoplewhooftenlearnfrommistakes.35.Fromtheformwecanknowpeoplewithagrowthmindsetconsiderchallengesas________.A.thingsthey’rebornwith B.thingstheyneedtoavoidC.thingsthathelpthemlearn D.thingsthatstopthemimproving36.Howdoesthewriterorganizetheideasinthearticle?A.Bytellingstories. B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Bydrawingmindmaps. D.Bycomparingfacts.【答案】34.B35.C36.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇議論文，介紹了固定型思維和成長型思維的區(qū)別，告訴我們應該更注重后天努力，而不是與生俱來的智力才能?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Somestudentsweretoldthattheyweregoodatatask.Theydidn’ttryveryhardthenexttime”及“Thefirstgroupofstudentswaslearningthattheyhadasetamountofskill.Theydidn’tthinktheycoulddoanybetter.Thisiscalledafixedmindset（思維模式）.”可知，文章介紹了擁有固定型思維模式的學生在面對一項任務時，如果受到了夸贊表揚，那么下一次他們就不會再繼續(xù)努力了，故可推知擁有固定型思維的人獲得成功的機會較小。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)表格最后一行Challenges中“Thingsthathelpyoulearn”可知，擁有成長型思維的人會把挑戰(zhàn)視為可以幫助他們學習的事情。故選C。【36題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Psychologists（心理學家）lookedatwhatstudentsdidaftertheyweregivendifferenttypesofpraise.Somestudentsweretoldthattheyweregoodatatask.Theydidn’ttryveryhardthenexttime.Otherstudentsweretoldthattheyhadworkedhardatatask.Theyworkedevenharderthenexttime.”可知，文章第二段介紹了兩組不同的學生在接受不同表揚后的行為表現(xiàn)，說明了固定型思維和成長型思維的不同；故文章通過對比事實來組織文章中心思想。故選D。CMaggie,TravisandLucy’sscienceteachersetaspecialtestforthem.Theyhadtoworkoutdifferentkindsofproblemswithinlimitedtimetogetoutofalockedroom.Forthepasthour,Maggie,TravisandLucyhadbeenlockedinsidearoomdecoratedlikeamadscientist’slaboratory.Togethertheydecoded（破譯）asecretlanguageandsolvedadifficultmathsproblem.Thelastchallenge,however,stoppedthem.Thekeytothedoorwastrappedinablockofice.“Wehavetomelttheice,”Lucysaid.“Butthere’snothinghothere!”Maggiecomplained.Travispulledoffhissweatshirtandwrapped（裏）itaroundtheice.“Thiskeepsmewarm,”hereasoned.Afewminutespassedby,buttheicedidn’tmelt.“Isn’tclothaninsulator（隔熱材料）?”Lucyasked.Shetriedtorememberwhatshehadlearnedinscienceclass.“Heatalwaysflowsfromwarmobjectstocoldones.Theheatintheairwilleventuallymelttheice,butweneedtofindsomethingthatwillhelpheatmovefromtheairtotheicemorequickly.”“Whataboutglass?”Maggieasked.“Glassisalsoaninsulator.Itkeepsheatfrommoving,”Lucysaid.Thenshenoticedalargemetaltray（金屬托盤）acrosstheroom.“Thismightwork!”Lucyputtheblockoficeontothetray.Everybody’seyesmovedbetweentheclockandtheice.Wouldtheybeabletofreethekeyintime?Atlast,thekeylayinthewateronthetray.Thethreefriendsrushedoutoftheroominthelastminute.“Wemadeit!”Travischeered.“Goodthingyoupaidattentioninscienceclass!”37.Whatfinalchallengedidthethreefriendsneedtocomplete?A.Tosolveamathsproblem. B.Tolearnasecretlanguage.C.Tofindtheirscienceteacher. D.Togetthekeytrappedinice.38.WhatdoesTravismeanbysaying“Thiskeepsmewarm”?A.Hissweatshirtcanhelpmelttheice. B.Hedislikeshissweatshirt.C.Hissweatshirtisofgoodquality. D.Hewantstotakeoffhissweatshirt.39.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eventually”probablymean?A.carefully B.suddenly C.finally D.properly40.What’sthebesttitleforthestory?A.ChangingIceintoWater B.DecoratingtheLaboratoryC.RunningawayfromtheRoom D.PreparingforaScienceClass【答案】37.D38.A39.C40.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了瑪吉、特拉維斯和露西在科學老師的安排下，在一間上了鎖的房間，利用學過的科學知識突破重重關卡，最終走出房間的故事?！?7題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thelastchallenge,however,stoppedthem.Thekeytothedoorwastrappedinablockofice.”可知，孩子們遇到的最后一個挑戰(zhàn)是拿到被凍在冰里的鑰匙。故選D。【38題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Wehavetomelttheice”及“Travispulledoffhissweatshirtandwrapped（裏）itaroundtheice.‘Thiskeepsmewarm,’hereasoned.”可知，孩子們想找熱的東西來融化冰，特拉維斯脫下了自己的運動衫，他強調(diào)這件運動衫可以讓自己保持暖和，意在說明這件運動衫同樣也可以讓冰“暖和”，可以幫助融化冰。故選A?！?9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Heatalwaysflowsfromwarmobjectstocoldones.Theheatintheairwilleventuallymelttheice”可知，熱量總是從溫暖的物體流向寒冷的物體，空氣中的熱量最終會融化冰，劃線部分單詞意為“最終地”，與finally同義。故選C?！?0題詳解】最佳標題題。根據(jù)“Theyhadtoworkoutdifferentkindsofproblemswithinlimitedtimetogetoutofalockedroom.”及全文可知，本文主要講述了三個小伙伴利用自己學過的知識突破重重關卡，最終成功走出上鎖房間的故事，故“RunningawayfromtheRoom”可作為本文標題。故選C。DHewasanoldmanwhofishedaloneinaboatandhehadgoneeighty-fourdaysnowwithouttakingafish.Inthefirstfortydaysaboyhadbeenwithhim.Butafterfortydayswithoutafish,theboy’sparentshadtoldhimthattheoldmanwasnowexactlyandfinallysalao,whichistheworstformofunlucky,andtheboyhadgoneattheirordersinanotherboatwhichcaughtthreegoodfishthefirstweek.Itmadetheboysadtoseetheoldmancomeineachdaywithhisboatemptyandbealwayswentdowntohelphimcarryfishingtools.Theoldmanwasthinwithdeepwrinkles(皺紋)inthebackofhisneck.Hishandshadthedeepscars(疤)fromdealingwithheavyfish.Butnoneofthesescarswerefresh.Everythingabouthimwasoldexcepthiseyesandtheywerethesamecolourastheseaandwerecheerfulandfullofconfidence.“Santiago,”theboysaidtohimastheyclimbedfromthebankwheretheboatwaspulledup.“Icouldgowithyouagain.We’vemadesomemoney.”Theoldmanhadtaughttheboytofishandtheboylovedhim.“No.”theoldmansaid.“You’rewithaluckyboat.Staywiththem.”“Butrememberhowyouwenteighty-sevendayswithoutfishandthenwecaughtbigoneseverydayforthreeweeks.”“Iremember,”theoldmansaid.“Iknowyoudidnotleavemewillingly.”“Itwaspapamademeleave.IamaboyandImustdowhathetoldmeto.”“Iknow.”theoldmansaid.“Iquiteunderstandthat.”“Hehasn’tmuchfaith(信念).”“No.”theoldmansaid.“Butwehave.Haven’twe?”“Yes.”theboysaid.“CanIofferyouabeerontheTerraceandthenwe’lltakethefishingtoolshome.”“Whynot?”theoldmansaid.“Betweenfishermen.”TheysatontheTerraceandmanyofthefishermenmadefunoftheoldmanandhewasnotangry.Someotherolderfishermenlookedathimandweresad.Buttheydidn’tshowitandtheyspokepolitelyaboutthesea,theweatherandofwhattheyhadseen.41.HowmanydaysdidtheoldmangofishingwiththeboyaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Forty. B.Forty-four. C.Eighty-four. D.Eighty-seven.42.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”referto?A.Theboywouldleavehimsoonerorlater.B.Theboyhadtolistentohisparentsandlefthim.C.Hecouldn’tcatchfishbecausehewastooold.D.Hecouldn’tsucceedwithouttheboy’ssupport.43.Whatistherightorderofthestoryabouttheboyinthepassage?①Theoldmancaughtsomebigfishwiththeboy.②Theoldmantaughttheboyhowtofishonthesea.③Theboywantedtogofishingwiththeoldmanagain.④Theboyhelpedtheoldmantakethefishingtoolshome.A.①④③② B.②①③④ C.②③④① D.③④①②44.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraphofthestory?A.Theoldmanlikedtomakefunofotherfishermen.B.Theoldmanoftenprovidedbeerforotherfishermen.C.Allfishermenlaughedattheoldmanexcepttheboy.D.Somefishermenfeltsadfortheoldmanandtriedtohelphim.45.Fromthestorywecanknowthattheoldmanwas_________.A.amanwhooftenshowedoff B.amanwhonevergaveupC.amanwhosometimesgotangry D.amanwhoseldomstayedcalm【答案】41.A42.B43.B44.D45.B【解析】【導語】本文節(jié)選自《老人與?！罚v述一位在海上捕魚的老人與一個小男孩之間的故事。【41題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Inthefirstfortydaysaboyhadbeenwithhim”可知，在開始的40天里，小男孩跟著老人一起捕魚，故填A。【42題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Iknowyoudidnotleavemewillingly”及“Itwaspapamademeleave.IamaboyandImustdowhathetoldmeto”可知，老人理解這個小男孩必須要聽父親的話并離開他，故選B?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知，這位老人教小男孩如何釣魚，并且他們釣了一些魚；根據(jù)“Icouldgowithyouagain”可知，這個小男孩想重新跟回這位老人；根據(jù)“CanIofferyouabeerontheTerraceandthenwe’lltakethefishingtoolshome”可知，小男孩幫著老人把釣魚工具拿回家，所以正確的排序是：②①③④，故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Someotherolderfishermenlookedathimandweresad.Buttheydidn’tshowitandtheyspokepolitelyaboutthesea,theweatherandofwhattheyhadseen.”可推斷，有些漁民看著這位老人感到很難過，但他們沒有表現(xiàn)出來，他們想用別的方式來幫助他，故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，這位老人獨自在海上釣魚，在一段時間里并沒有釣到魚，但他并沒有放棄，也沒有氣餒，也不在乎別人對他的嘲笑，繼續(xù)堅持自己的信念，由此可知他是一個不會輕易放棄的人，故選B。閱讀下面短文，從所給選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，使短文通順，結構完整，其中有一項是多余選項。Natureisfullofgreatideas.___46___Manyblindpeopleusecanestomovearound.Theytaptheircanesonthegroundinfrontofthemtofeelifanythingisintheirway.Oneamazinginventionwasanewcanetohelpblindpeople.Ithelpsthemmovearoundmoresafely.Thisinventionwasanideafrombats.___47___Thesesignals（信號）arealmostthesameasthebatsusewhentheyfly.HowbatsgetaroundBatsmakesoundswhentheyflyatnight.Peoplecannothearthesesounds,buttheyhelpbatsflyinthedark.Batssendsoundwavesoutoftheirmouthornose.Thesesoundwaveshitobjectsaroundthem.Thentheycomebackasanecho.Theechotellsbatshowfarawaythingsliketreesare.___48___AnamazingideaThescientistwhoinventedthenewcanewatchedhowbatsfly.___49___Headdedsomethingthatsendsandreceivessoundwaves.Finally,hetestedthecane.Itworked!___50___Thecanesendsoutsignals.Whenanechoissentback,thecane’shandlevibrates（振動）.Thishelpsthepersonholdingthecaneknowhowfarawayanobjectis.Theywillalsoknowhowbigtheobjectis.Thiscaneshowsthatgreatideasreallycancomefromnature.A.HowthecaneworksB.Thenhebuiltalightweightcane.C.Italsohelpsthemknowwheretofindfoodtoeat.D.Thecaneworksbysendingoutsoundwavesorsignals.E.Peoplewillgetmorenewideasfromthebatsandotheranimals.F.Someinventorsgetideasfromnaturetomakesomeusefulthings.【答案】46.F47.D48.C49.B50.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一款利用蝙蝠在夜間飛行的原理制作的手杖。【46題詳解】根據(jù)“Natureisfullofgreatideas.”可知，此處介紹大自然充滿許多偉大的想法，利用這些想法，人們可以做些什么。故“一些發(fā)明家從大自然中獲得靈感，制造出一些有用的東西?！狈险Z境。故選F。【47題詳解】根據(jù)“Thesesignals（信號）arealmostthesameasthebatsusewhentheyfly.”可知，此處介紹手杖的工作原理，即發(fā)出信號。故“手杖的工作原理是發(fā)出聲波或信號?！狈险Z境。故選D。【48題詳解】根據(jù)“Theechotellsbatshowfarawaythingsliketreesare.”可知，此處介紹蝙蝠發(fā)出的聲波形成的回聲對蝙蝠的作用。故“它還幫助它們知道在哪里可以找到食物吃。”符合語境。故選C?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)“Thescientistwhoinventedthenewcanewatchedhowbatsfly.…Headdedsomethingthatsendsandreceivessoundwaves.Finally,hetestedthecane.Itworked!”可知，此處介紹這款新手杖是怎樣被發(fā)明的，即它的發(fā)明過程。故“然后他造了一根輕便的手杖。”符合語境。故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)“Thecanesendsoutsignals.Whenanechoissentback,thecane’shandlevibrates（振動）.”可知，此處具體介紹了手杖是如何工作的。故“手杖是如何工作的”符合語境。故選A。第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題，共50分）四、閱讀并回答問題（共5小題：每小題2分，滿分10分）Handgestureshavebeencommonlyusedinourdailycommunication.Theyaddtothemessagebyfillinginwhatwordssometimesleavebehind.Butareyouawareofthehistorythatgoesbehindsomeofthesepopularhandgestures?Probablynot.Unsurprisingly,eachofthemhasitsspecialhistory.HandshakeWhetheryou’regreetingsomeoneforthefirsttime,orsuccessfullyreachinganagreement,shakinghandsisusuallythego-togesture.Whodecidedonthisgesture,anyway?ThehandshakedatesbacktoancientGreecewhereitwasusedasawaytoshowpeace.HighFiveWhetheryouenteredthefinalcompetitionorwonadebate（辯論）,youwereprobablygivenorreceivedahighfivebefore.Accordingtosomesources,thehighfivefirstbecamepopularwhenbaseballplayersperformedatDodgerStadiumonOctober2,1977.GlennBurke,oneoftheplayers,liftedhisarmhighabovehisheadandslappedpalmswithhisteammateDustyBakertocelebrateavictory,markingwhatiswidelyconsideredasthefirstrecordofahighfive.TheFistBumpThefistbumpcomesfromboxers（拳擊手）inthe1970safterpeoplecopiedhowtheytouchedglovesbeforeacompetition.Later,insteadofshakinghands,fistbumpsbecamepopularamongbasketballplayers.Thegesturesoonspreadtoallbasketballlovers.回答下面5個問題，每題答案不超過6個詞。51WhatwashandshakeusedasinancientGreece?____________________________________________52.Whatkindofsportdoesthehighfivegesturecomefrom?____________________________________________53.Whydopeoplehaveahighfivewithothers?____________________________________________54.Whichgesturedobasketballplayersusuallyprefer?____________________________________________55.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?____________________________________________【答案】51.Itwasusedasawaytoshowpeace.52.Itcomesfrombaseball.53.Becausetheyenteredthefinalcompetitionorwonadebate.54.Thefistbump.55.Itismainlyaboutspecialhistoriesofthreehandgestures.【解析】【導語】本文主要介紹了三種手勢背后的歷史?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)“ThehandshakedatesbacktoancientGreecewhereitwasusedasawaytoshowpeace.”可知，握手在古希臘被用來表示和平，故填Itwasusedasawaytoshowpeace.【52題詳解】根據(jù)“Accordingtosomesources,thehighfivefirstbecamepopularwhenbaseballplayersperformedatDodgerStadiumonOctober2,1977”可知，來自于棒球，故填Itcomesfrombaseball.【53題詳解】根據(jù)“Whetheryouenteredthefinalcompetitionorwonadebate（辯論）,youwereprobablygivenorreceivedahighfivebefore”可知，因為人們進入了決賽或贏得了辯論，故填Becausetheyenteredthefinalcompetitionorwonadebate.【54題詳解】根據(jù)“Later,insteadofshakinghands,fistbumpsbecamepopularamongbasketballplayers”可知，籃球運動會通常更喜歡撞拳這個手勢，故填Thefistbump.【55題詳解】通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了三種手勢背后的歷史，故填Itismainlyaboutspecialhistoriesofthreehandgestures.五、詞匯（共2