2016醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語寫作常用詞匯精選

2016醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語寫作常用詞匯精選一、與醫(yī)學(xué)相關(guān)的寫作常用詞匯分類（一）醫(yī)療、醫(yī)院、醫(yī)生1、醫(yī)生doctor，medicalworkerphysician內(nèi)科醫(yī)生③surgeon外科醫(yī)生④doctorincharge主治醫(yī)生⑤intern實(shí)習(xí)醫(yī)生⑥r(nóng)esidentdoctor住院醫(yī)生2、醫(yī)院①hospitalThespecializedhospital專科醫(yī)院Thegeneralhospital普通醫(yī)院Thecommunityhospital社區(qū)醫(yī)院Thepublichospital公立醫(yī)院Theprivatehospital私立醫(yī)院②clinc門診Conventionalclinictreatment普通門診ward病房medicalteam醫(yī)療隊(duì)3、醫(yī)療手段drugtherapy藥物治療medicaltreatment醫(yī)療medicalinstruments醫(yī)療器械diagnose(v)診斷(n)diagnosisprevent(v)預(yù)防sterilize(v)消毒|administrateadrug給藥preventandtreatdisease(v)預(yù)防和治療疾?、蚑CM中醫(yī)r>(10)chemotherapy化療medicalservice醫(yī)療服務(wù)complainof(v)主述healthcheckup健康普查diagnosingandtreating診斷和治療consultthedoctor(v)咨詢;、醫(yī)療體制(1)healthcaresystem醫(yī)療體制(2)medicaldisputes醫(yī)療糾紛(3)medicalaccident醫(yī)療事故(4)therelationshipbetweendoctorsandpatients醫(yī)患關(guān)系(5)medicalinsurancesystem醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)體系(6)medicalaidfund醫(yī)療救助基金、醫(yī)德(1)medicalethics醫(yī)德(2)patient-oriented以病人為核心(3)humanistic人道主義的(4)compassionate富于同情性的(5)considerate體貼周到的(6)resolute果斷的(7)servicequality服務(wù)質(zhì)量(8)togivetopprioritytothelivesandhealthofpeople6、病人(1)patient(2)thesick(3)theinvalid(4)sufferer疾病1、患病的表達(dá)方式⑴sufferfrom(v)contract(v)peoplewithsomedisease患病人群thepeoplesusceptibletosomedisease易感某種疾病的人2、必知疾病名稱heartdisease心臟病hypertension高血壓kidneyproblem腎病stroke中風(fēng)shock休克thebloodpressure血壓diabetes糖尿病obesity肥胖terminalillness絕癥incurableillness不治之癥cancer癌癥tumor腫瘤cancerofearlystage癌癥晚期emergencycase急癥seriousillness重癥thedifficultandcomplicatedcases疑難病shortbreath短氣syndrome綜合癥complications并發(fā)癥process病程boneloss骨質(zhì)疏松short-sighted(adj)近視3、傳染病(1)感染源virus病毒bacteria細(xì)菌pest害蟲channelandmedia傳染途徑及媒介(2)傳染疾病somediseaseepidemic傳染性疾病plague鼠疫influenza(簡(jiǎn))flu流感infectioncontagion傳染病infectiousdiseases傳染病AIDS艾滋病SARS(3)傳染epidemic(a)流行的，傳染的blockthechannel(v)disseminate傳播crossinfection交叉感染、疾病、病痛illnesssicknessdiseaseailmentsuffering、疾病的轉(zhuǎn)歸(1)疾病的恢復(fù)recoverrecoveryrecuperateresumerecruitreinstate(2)疾病的惡化deteriorateaggravateexasperatemakeworseworsen7、其他相關(guān)詞匯outbreakandspendingbreakout(v)疾病的爆發(fā)spread(v)疾病的擴(kuò)散theincidenceofcommondiseases常見病發(fā)生率taboo禁忌speedupbloodcirculation(v)improvethecardiacfunctions(v)sideeffects副反應(yīng)complainof主述藥物、藥物名稱medicinedrugremedymedicinalherbspowertabletpill、藥物用法開藥：prescribesomemedicineforsomediseaseswriteoutaproscription服藥takeamedicine治…的疾病aremedyforsomediseases、其他相關(guān)詞匯drugtherapy藥物治療sideeffects副反應(yīng)drugabuse藥物濫用drugstore藥房overthecounter非處方藥drugallergy藥物過敏drugpoisoning藥物中毒prescription處方expensesformedicine藥費(fèi)chargesformedicinedrugrebate藥品回扣（四）心理疾病、心理學(xué)專業(yè)詞匯subhealth亞健康psychologicalbenefits心理健康psychologicalproblem心理問題psychologicalconsultation心理咨詢psychologicalobstacles心理障礙mentalobstacles心理障礙psychologicalmassage心理按摩psychology心理學(xué)/心理psychotherapy心理治療psychologicalexpert心理專家、情緒詞匯overcomedisappointdisappointedshy，flushfrustrationfailurewillpoweroptimismoptimisticbesensitivetonervoustensionalsadagonypessimismpessimisticconfidentconfidencestresspressuredepressdepresseddepressiondepressive、疲勞相關(guān)詞匯fatiguetire(v)weariness(n)tired(a)exhausted(a)fatigued(a)weary肥胖與營(yíng)養(yǎng)1、營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)nutrient營(yíng)養(yǎng)素protein蛋白質(zhì)fat脂肪glucose葡萄糖vitamin維生素sugar糖類heatcaloriesquantityofheat熱量carbohydrate碳水化合物softdrinkbeverage軟飲料cholesterol膽固醇2、營(yíng)養(yǎng)與飲食awell-balanceddietnutrition營(yíng)養(yǎng)nutritional營(yíng)養(yǎng)的二、醫(yī)學(xué)寫作其他常用詞匯下降、減少reduction，decrease，decline，diminution,drop，descend，go/comedown，fall上升、增加rise;goup;ascend;increase禽流感H1N1flu/birdflu/avianflu;食品安全foodsafety公共衛(wèi)生突發(fā)事件publichealthemergencies應(yīng)急反應(yīng)immediateresponseto.關(guān)注民生concern(focuson,payattentionto)people'slivelihood/well-being&>6IU城鄉(xiāng)衛(wèi)生體系urban-ruralmedicalandhealthsystem預(yù)防保健diseasepreventionandhealthcare服務(wù)體系servicesystemA講究衛(wèi)生payattentiontohygiene個(gè)人和環(huán)境衛(wèi)生personalandenvironmentalhygiene9i.清淡的lite蛋白添加飲食protein-complementeddiet預(yù)防的措施preventiveinitiatives二preventivemeasuresAAN人畜共患病zoonosis二anthropozoonosis人獸共患病蟲媒insectpollination;蟲媒傳染病insect-borne/arthropod-borneinfectiousdisease19?腎病綜合征nephritic/renalsyndrome;爆發(fā)流行breakout,explode;anepidemicoutbreakofexplosion傳染（及相關(guān)詞）：infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable,contagion/contagious,transmission/transmittable;!'傳播途徑routeoftransmission,birdflutransmitsbyair/wind;persontopersontransmission傳播,散布：diffuse，prevalence，spread，transmit，disseminate，propagate/propagation{D污染pollution/pollute,contamination/contaminate福祉well-being,happiness衰老growold;aging;senility;seniles每況愈下frombadtoworse相似的akinto二similarto膿的,化膿的purulent-脂肪肝fattyliver血壓hypertension腸癌CancerofRectumandColon亞健康sub-health8過勞死deathfromoverwork[長(zhǎng)期以來foralongtime;overtheyears0養(yǎng)生preserveone'shealth;nourishingoflife;keepingoodhealth分類bedividedinto=fallintothreecategories=begroupedaccordingtotheirorigin,intothreeclasses.=becategorizedaccordingto/beroughlyclassifiedintothreekinds基本職責(zé)二basic/fundamental/essential/elementaryduties/responsibilities/obligations基本原貝Ufundamentalprinciple/rule,basicruleorprinciple道德morals,morality,ethics均含"道德”之意。morals多用于實(shí)踐方面，指按習(xí)慣或社會(huì)公認(rèn)的道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，尤指男女之間關(guān)系的道德。morality指符合道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的行為，或用道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)衡量某事，既指社會(huì)的又指?jìng)€(gè)人的道德。ethics多用于倫理方面，指符合于倫理學(xué)中所指的好的行為，常指公平正真地對(duì)人對(duì)事的品德。民眾the(general)public,themassesofthepeople,thecommonpeople合作者co-worker;collaborator;copartner;co-agent死亡人數(shù)deathtoll‘deaths,thenumberofpeoplekilledin/dyingfrom.歸結(jié)為boildownto;comedownto歸因?yàn)?歸功于beattributableto，beattributedto，ascribeorattribute...to,owe...to歸咎于layorputtheblameonsb,blame.on,ascribeorattribute.to，impute.to大規(guī)模onalargescale,extensive,large-scale,massive大規(guī)模流行l(wèi)arge-scaletransmission，becomeapandemic，massiveattack/outbreak表面上onthesurface,apparently,ostensibly,superficial,seemingly因果關(guān)系