大學英語第三冊第九單元

PartTwoReading-CenteredActivities1.In-ClassReading2.After-ClassReadingPartTwo:In-ClassReading>>BackgroundInformation3.FunctionsofMusic—studyingandworking—feelingsadorlonely—feelingnervousordoingmonotonousjobs—feelingsleepy

—to______apleasantenvironmenttoworkorstudymore________.

—toputpeopleintheright_____or_____sb.up.—to______one’smind—to______peopletosleep.HeavymetalmusicSoothingmelodiousmusicfeatures

Affectstothedriving/drivers

Commentsonlisteningtosuchmusic

Psychologists’warning

HeavymetalmusicSoothingmelodiousmusicfeaturesStrongbeatSlow,relaxingAffectstothedriving/driversLeadtoaggressivedrivingBringonabelligerentattitudeaggressivedrivingstyleDriverismoreapttotakerisksRelaxadriverbeyondasafelimitofawarenessWanderingattentionUnconsciouslywanderingacrosslanemarkingCommentsonlisteningtosuchmusicFastrocktrackispotentiallylethal.Iwasrevvingtheengineintimetothebeat.E.g.ZZTopIgetlostinmyownthoughts.It’spossibletosufferadullingofthesense.E.g.Chopin’smusicPsychologists’warningSomemusiccanlullyouintoconcentrationloss,ormini-sleepMusicfordrivingMusicfordrivingSelectthemusictosuittheconditionsStimulatingmusicusefulonlong,boringroadsCarefullyselectedtracks,suchasMantovani’smusicOthermethodsforsafedrivingWorkingprincipleApplicationofReal-timeIntelligentAidforDriving(ARIADNE)subjectsb./sth.tosth.elsecausesomebodyorsomethingtoexperienceorundergosomethingesp.somethingunpleasant

（常用被動語態(tài)）使遭受（痛苦），使接受（某種經歷）；使蒙受······1)Weweresubjectedtoagooddealofill-manneredabuse.

2)Thescientistssubjectedtheproductstoanumberofrigoroustests.

3)Hewassubjectedtotorture.PartTwo:In-ClassReading>>DetailedReadingbesubjecttosth.1.havingatendencytoorproneto,tendingorlikelytohave易患······

，易受······的；

1)Areyousubjecttocolds?2)Thearrangementsaresubjecttochangeatshortnotice.

2.oweobedienceto；governedordependenton

服從，受制于······，受······支配的；以······為條件，聽候，須經1)Wearesubjecttothelaw.2)Theplanissubjecttoyourconfirmation.PartTwo:In-ClassReading>>DetailedReadingBacktothetext請用subject…to或

besubjectto填空。ExerciseThetreatyis_________ratification.(條約要批準才能生效)Ididn’twantto_______him___troubles.(我們不想麻煩他)subjectsubjecttoTrains____________delaysaftertheheavysnowfalls.

(一下大雪火車就往往誤點。)aresubjecttotobeinclinedtofeelingawishtodosomething

有······意向的；傾向similarexpressions:

beaptto,

tendto,haveatendencyto,haveahabitofdoingsth.1)They'llbemoreinclinedtolistenifyoudon'tshout.2)Babiesareapttoputobjectsintotheirmouths.3)Womentendtolivelongerthanmen.4)Thismaterialhasatendencytoshrinkwhenwashed.5)Hehastheirritatinghabitofbitinghisnails.

PartTwo:In-ClassReading>>DetailedReadingBacktothetextapt指人的機體或精神上的固有的或習慣的傾向等。

apt,liable,likely,prone近義詞辨析liable指易于產生某種對主語不利的后果，如風險、危險、傷害、懲罰等。likely常用詞。強調客觀上的可能性，用于指將來。prone指有某種弱點、錯誤或不良行為的傾向。請用apt,liable,likely或prone填空。ExerciseWearedrivingacrossanaccident-______zone.Mr.Greenis_______tomarrythisyear.likelyproneInwinter,oldmenare______tocatchcold.liableAcarelesspersonis____tomakemistakes.aptExample任何人如果被發(fā)現(xiàn)有罪,就會受到懲罰。Ifanypersonbefoundguilty,hewouldbepunished.不管是白人還是黑人，人人生而平等。Everyonewasbornequal,whetherhe

beblackorwhite.overtake(v.)

(Line34,Para.7)

1)comeorcatchupwith

趕上；追上；超越

2)(ofstormsortroubles)comeupon(sb.)suddenly,bysurprise

（風暴、麻煩）突然降臨在過去的五年里，中國的經濟增長速度超過了許多發(fā)達國家。TranslationInthepastfiveyears,China’seconomicgrowthrate

overtookthatofmanydevelopedcountries.Hewasovertakenbymisfortuneovernight.一夜之間厄運降臨到他頭上。同undertake比較：1)agreetodosth.

承擔；承攬；答應2)start(apieceofwork)

著手；開始一項工作3)affirm;promise

確定；許諾；擔保請用overtake

或undertake填空并注明中文解釋。ExerciseWhowill_________theleadershipoftheteam?

undertake

Exportshavealready_________lastyear’sfigure.

overtaken

Hewas_________by/withfear.

overtaken（擔任）（超過）

（為……所壓倒）Theycouldn’t________thattheywillmakeaprofit.

undertake（保證）induce(v.)(Line39,Para.9)1)bringabout;cause

產生；造成

2)makesomeonedecidetodosomething

引誘；誘導Translation過度地打網絡游戲，使他視力下降。Overplayingthenetgamesinducedhispooreyesight.Littlechildrenareverylikelytoliebecausetheyarestrongly

inducedbytastyfood.

小孩子極易因美食的誘惑而撒謊。請用形近詞induce,deduce或reduce填空。ExerciseBitterlifehas_______hismotherintoaskinnywhite-hairedoldwoman.

reducedOnthebasisofevidencethepolice_______thathewasguilty.deducedLust(欲望)formoneyandpower_______himtohoptoanothercompany.induced（變成）（演繹；推斷）（引誘）tract

=

拉，抽abstract

(adj.)

抽象的

(n.)

摘要attract

(v.)

吸引構詞法contract

(n.)

合同

(v.)

簽訂合同extract

(v.)取出；摘錄subtract

(v.) 減，減去danger是最普通用語。泛指面臨的一切危險、危害、威脅。常見搭配：indanger(在危險中)

outofdanger(脫離危險)

freefromdanger(沒有危險)

danger,risk,hazard近義詞辨析risk指可能發(fā)生但又難以預料的危險，也常用來表示生意活動中可能遇到的風險。常見搭配：atrisk(有危險)

atallrisk(無論如何)

torun/takearisk(冒險)hazard指由于偶然的情況引起的危險或危害。請用danger,risk或hazard填空。ExerciseHeisin______oflosingallhismoneyifhecontinuestospendmoneythatway.

dangerTheyrefusedtoinvestinthetextileindustrywheretherewasmore_____thanelsewhere.riskExhaustfumesfromthatplantisa_______tothesurroundingtown.hazardMusicmaysoothethesavagebreast.theaccident-proneagebracketWhenyouareatthewheel/onthemove,….音樂能使胸中的怒氣平息。最易出車禍的年齡段當你開車時，……。tosingatthetopofone’svoice扯著嗓門唱歌Igotlostinmyownthoughts.Thegreatestdangerisfatigueatthewheel.我陷入了深思。最大的危險是疲倦駕駛。Theaccidentwascausedbythedrivertakinghiseyesofftheroadtochangeacassette.這起車禍是由于司機更換磁帶沒看道路所引起的。Whenacollisionispossible,….一旦面臨撞車危險,……。1)Whatistheauthor’sviewabouttheeffectofmusicondriving?(para.1)Musiccancalmyoudownbutitcancausetrafficaccident.

2)Howdoesloudmusiccausetrafficaccident?(para.1)Recentresearchsuggeststhatloudmusicseriouslyaffectsadriver’sconcentrationandthusthecaraccidentsarelikelytohappen.PartTwo:In-ClassReading>>GlobalReadingQuestionsandAnswers3)Whatarethetwoextremesinmusic?(para.2)

Heavymentalandsoothing,melodiousmusic.

4)Whatarethetwofindingsoftheresearch?(para.3)

Meninthe17－25agebracketwerethemostdangerousgroupandthisgroupofpeoplespends70%ofthetimelisteningtomusicwhentheyaredriving.PartTwo:In-ClassReading>>GlobalReading5)

Whatisthetopicsentenceofpara.4－para.8?Thepaceofthedrivingisgovernedbythepaceandbeatofthemusic.

6)

whatevidencedoestheauthorprovidetosupporthisopinion?(para.4—para.8)a.Driverssubjectedtoloudmusic;b.

Driverssubjectedtoslowballads;c.

Commentsbythevolunteerdrivers.

PartTwo:In-ClassReading>>GlobalReading7)Howdoesslowermusicstimulateachangeinaperson’sbrainpattern?(para.9)

Slowermusiccanencouragealphawavesandinducesafeelingofwell-being,whichcancausetrafficaccidents.

8)Whyselectingpropermusictosuittheconditionsisofgreatimportance?(para.10)

Becausestimulatingmusiccanbeusefulonlong,boringroadsbutwhentrafficconditionsaredifficult,ortrafficisheavy,itcandistractyou.PartTwo:In-ClassReading>>GlobalReading9)What’stheeffectthatcarefullyselectedtrackshaveondriving?(para.11)

Carefullyselectedtracksmayimproveourdriving,particularlyinthehighriskgroups.

10)Howdothehigh-techmusicsystemscauseaccidents?(para.12)

Arecentreportshowedthatalmost40%ofminorroadaccidentswerecausedbypeopletakingtheireyesofftheroadtochangeacassetteordisc.PartTwo:In-ClassReading>>GlobalReading11)Whatisthesolutionmentionedtopreventaccidentsfromhappening?(para.13)

Acarintelligencesystem.

12)Howdoesitwork?(para.14)Itsendsavibrationthroughtheacceleratorpedaltowarnthedrivertoslowdown;ifearlywarningsgounheeded,theenginecutsoutandthehazardwarninglightsgoon.13)Whatistheauthor’sconclusion?

Musicloversshouldbecarefulwhendriving.

PartTwo:In-ClassReading>>GlobalReadingPartTwo:In-ClassReading>>GlobalReadingDirections:

Readthefollowingstatementscarefullyanddecidewhethertheyaretrueorfalse.Write“T”fortrueand“F”forfalseinthespaceprovided.____1)Listeningtoloudandfastmusicwhiledrivingisdangerous.____2)Slowmusicishelpfultodriversonthemove.

____3)Heavymetalisakindofmusicthatissoothingandmelodious.

____4)Menagedbetween17and25aremostlikelytobeinvolvedintrafficaccidents.UnderstandingSpecificInformationTFTF____5)Thepaceandbeatofmusicgovernthespeedofdriving.____6)Findingsfromthestudysupportthetheoryabouttherelationshipbetweenmusicanddriving.____7)AllthevolunteersinthestudysponsoredbytheAAareexperienceddrivers.____8)ThevolunteerwholistenedtoZZTopwhiledrivingwasdrivingfasterthanthefireengine.____9)Musicmayplayapositiveroleinsafedriving.____10)High-techispartlyresponsiblefortheincreasingroadaccidents.TFPartTwo:In-ClassReading>>GlobalReadingTFTFPartTwo:In-ClassReading>>GlobalReadingMusicmay___________________butitcanalso_____________.Both____________________canresultin_______whenyouaredriving.Theformer_________________,whilethelater_________________________.Evidenceshows___________________________group.Besides,______________.Driverssubjectedtoloudmusicfind_______________________,acceleratingmorequicklyandbrakingmoreabruptly;whiledriverssubjectedtoballadsoftenfindtheir______________.So,_________isofgreatimportance,whichmayimprovethedriving,particularlyinthehighriskgroups.

Acarintelligencesystemisone_________

topreventaccidentsfromhappening,for_______________.Inaword,_______________.

PartTwo:In-ClassReading>>Post-ReadingCompletetheSentencesDirections:Completeeachofthefollowingsentencesbychoosinganappropriatewordfromthebox.Changetheformifnecessary.

1.Thegovernmentplanstocuttaxesinorderto________theeconomy.2.IhopeMary’snewstereowon’t_______herfromherstudies.3.To__________________asadoctoryouhavetostudyalongtimeandpassexams.4.Pillsforseasicknessoften________drowsiness.sootheovertakequalifycombinecommissionwanderdistractaccelerateinducestimulate

stimulatedistractqualify/bequalifiedinduce5.Theyusespecialchemicalsubstancesto___________thegrowthofcrops.6.Itwasdifficultto_______herbecauseshewasveryfrightenedaftertheattack.7.Ifoundmyselfbehindagigantictruckthathad_________us.8.Whenshewasalone,shewouldlethermind_______.9.I’mlookingforajobinwhichIcan________thedifferentaspectsofmyexperiencesofar.10.TheMinistryofAgriculture_____________astudyonlow-inputfarming.acceleratesootheovertakenwandercombinecommissionedPartTwo:In-ClassReading>>Post-ReadingPartTwo:In-ClassReading>>Post-ReadingMultipleChoice1.Hisskincancerwas_________bybeingexposedtothescorchingsunexcessively.broughtoffB.broughtupC.broughtonD.broughtforth2.Themilitarytalks_______reducingthenumberofmissiles.A.resultedfromB.resultedofC.resultedtoD.resultedin

√√Directions:Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachstatement.3.Agoodmanagershould______thehealthandhappinessofhisemployees.beconcernedwithB.concerninC.beconcerningaboutD.concernfor4.Someofthestaff_______lateonMondays.isapttobeB.areapttobeingC.areapttobeD.isapttobeing5.Allourfinishedproducts_______rigoroustesting.aresubjectedtoB.subjecttoC.aresubjectingtoD.aresubjectiveto√√√PartTwo:In-ClassReading>>Post-Reading6.Arthurhassomestrangeideas,butont