現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

Theusesof現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)是中考的必考時(shí)態(tài)，由于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)既涉及到過(guò)去，又聯(lián)系到現(xiàn)在，和一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)既有聯(lián)系，又有區(qū)別，所以同學(xué)們掌握起來(lái)比較困難?，F(xiàn)把這種時(shí)態(tài)的用法簡(jiǎn)單的總結(jié)一下.完成時(shí)態(tài)的用法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本思路

一、構(gòu)成二、用法三、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)四、特殊結(jié)構(gòu)五、與一般過(guò)去時(shí)區(qū)別六、區(qū)分have(has)beentohave(has)gonetohave(has)beenin構(gòu)成have/has+過(guò)去分詞注：has用于第三人稱單數(shù)，have用于其他所有人稱。其否定句在Have/has后加not.一般疑問(wèn)句把have/has提到主語(yǔ)前.Ihave

lostmybike.Ihave

seenthefilmShehashadherbreakfast用法（一）表示過(guò)去發(fā)生并結(jié)束的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響和結(jié)果。常和以下的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用：１.already----------yet已經(jīng)用于肯定句用于否定句，疑問(wèn)句2.never從不ever曾經(jīng)3.Befor以前just剛剛跟蹤練習(xí)1.Shehasnotseenthisfilm

.2.Shehas

seenthisfilm.3.Ihave____

beentoBeijing.Iknownothingaboutit.4.Haveyou____spokentoaforeigner？yetalreadyneverever用法（二）表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且還能夠繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)或狀態(tài)。往往和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。for:+一段時(shí)間forayearSince過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻,sincelastweek一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句sinceyoucame｛選用for和since填空:1.Wehaven’tseeneachother______alongtime.2.HisfatherhasbeenintheParty______10yearsago.3.Thefilmhasbeenon______20minutes.4.MrGreenhasworkedhere______hecametoChina.5.Hisgrandparentshavebeendead______severalyears.6.It’sfiveyears_______wemetlasttime.forsinceforsinceforsince跟蹤練習(xí)結(jié)束性動(dòng)詞不能和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,但是他可以轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞.1.直接用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞buy–catch(get)acold–borrow—come/go/become—puton--2.轉(zhuǎn)換成be+名詞jointhearmy–jointheParty–gotoschool–havehaveacoldkeepbewearbeasoldierbeaPartymemberbeastudent3轉(zhuǎn)換成be+形容詞或副詞die—finish–begin—leave—beawayfallsleep–beasleepclose–beclosed4.轉(zhuǎn)換成be+介詞短語(yǔ)gotoschool–beinschooljointhearmy–beinthearmy1.我們買這本書三年了.Wehavehadthebookforthreeyears.2.他感冒三天了.

Hehashadacoldforthreedays.Weboughtthebookthreeyearsago.Hecaughtacoldthreedaysago.一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)可以構(gòu)成同意句bedeadbeoverbeon3.自從上星期我借的這本書Ihavekeptthebooksincelastweek.4.我成為一個(gè)學(xué)生兩年多了.Ihavebeenastudentforovertwoyears.Iborrowedthebooklastweek.Ibecameastudenttwoyearsago.5.MrBlack死了三年了。MrBlackhasbeendeadforthreeyears.MrBlackdiedthreeyearsago.6.小名參軍半年了。XiaoMinghasbeenasoldierforhalfayear.XiaoMingjoinedthearmyhalfayearago.7.我們上了8年學(xué)了。Wehavebeenstudentsforeightyears.8.下課10分鐘了Theclasshasbeenoverfortenminutes.9.電影開始了一小時(shí)了

Thefilmhasbeenonforanhour.注：含延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。Shehasworkedfortenyears....

ShebegantoworktenyearsagoShehasworkedsincetenyearsago.ItistenyearssinceshebegantoworkTenyearshaspassed

sinceshebegantowork()()()()()()()()Ihaveboughtanewdictionaryforaweek.

Ihavehadanewdictionaryforaweek.我買一本新詞典已有一星期了。Theyhavecomeherefortwodays.Theyhavebeenherefortwodays.他們來(lái)這兒已經(jīng)兩天了。HehasjoinedtheLeaguememberfortwoyearsHehasbeenaLeaguememberfortwoyears.他已入團(tuán)兩年了。Themanhasbeendeadforseveralyears.Themanhasdiedforseveralyears.這個(gè)人已經(jīng)死了幾年了。請(qǐng)判斷FTTFFTTF

Correctthemistakesinthefollowingsentences.1、Tomhasgotupforhalfanhour.2、LiuMeihasjoinedtheLeagueforthreeyears.3、Thetrainhasreachedthestationsince10minutesago.4、Thelittlegirlhasfallenasleepforfourhours.5、Whenhaveyoucleanedtheclassroom?It’scleannow.6、Howlonghaveyoucaughtacold?7、Shehasgottenlettersfromhermothersincelastweek.火眼金睛：beenupbeeninbeenatbeenasleepdidcleanhadhad注意：下列時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用inthelast(past)fewyearssofar

recentlysincethen在過(guò)去幾年中到現(xiàn)在為止最近從那時(shí)起特殊結(jié)構(gòu)Itis/has

been+一段時(shí)間+since從句.自從某事發(fā)生已有一段時(shí)間了.

eg.Itis/has

beentwoyearssincemybrotherjoinedthearmy.兩種時(shí)態(tài)的不同現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)側(cè)重不同現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況．如：wehavecleanedtheclassroom.我們已經(jīng)打掃了教室．（教室現(xiàn)在是干凈的．）一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作＼存在的狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系。如：wecleanedtheclassroomthismorning.今天早上我們打掃了教室．（只說(shuō)明教室是今天早上打掃的這一事實(shí)．）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)不同現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常和already,yet,just,ever,never,before,since…,for…等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用．如：Ihaveneverseenherbefore.我以前從沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)她．一般過(guò)去時(shí)常和yesterday,lastweek,justnow,in2004,twodaysago等具體的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用．如：Isawherthreeyearsago.我三年前見(jiàn)過(guò)她．PutthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.A:火車已經(jīng)開走了.B:什么時(shí)候開走的?A:半個(gè)小時(shí)之前開走的.A:這本書我已經(jīng)買了兩年了.B:你在哪兒買的?A:在我老家買的.A:你看過(guò)這部電影嗎?B:看過(guò).A:什么時(shí)候看的.B:上周星期天看的.A:Thetrainhasleft.B:Whendiditleave.A:Itlefthalfanhourago.A:I`vehadthebookfortwoyears.B:Wheredidyoubuyit?A:Iboughtitinmyhometown.A:haveyouseenthefilm?B:Yes,Ihave.A:Whendidyouseeit?B:IsawitlastSunday.疑難解析have/hasbeento去過(guò)某地have/hasgoneto去了某地have/hasbeenin

在某地ShehasbeentoShanghaitwice.ShehasgonetoShanghai.ShehasbeeninShanghaifor3years.1.whereisJim?He

Wuhan.2.Myparents

theGreatWalltwice.Theylikethereverymuch.3.youever

totheHappyvalley?4.Howlong

Peter

theWestHillfarm?5.Mysister

theshop.Shewillbebackintwohours.6.She

Shanghai.Sheisn’there.7.She

Shanghai.Sheishere.8.She

ShanghaifortwoyearshasgonetohavebeentoHavebeentohasbeeninhasgonetohasgonetohasbeeninhasbeento跟蹤練習(xí)中招直航：一、Choosetherightanswers.()1、ThetwinscanspeakgoodChinesebecausethey_________Chinafor6years.AhavebeentoBhavecometoChavebeeninDhavegoneto()2、UncleWang_______infactorysinceitopenedin1989.AworksBworkedChasworkedDhaveworked()3、_________haveyoulivedinBeijing?AHowsoonBHowoftenCHowmuchDHowlong()4、He's_________backhomesince3daysago.AcomeBgotCbeenDget()5、Heneverhaslunchathome,_____he?Ahasn'tBhasCdoesn'tDdoesCCDCD()6、----WhereisTom?Ican’tfindhimanywhere.----He______backforaholiday.A.wentB.goesC.hasgoneD.willgo()7、I_______himsincewe________children.knew,wereB.haveknown,wereC.k