單晶薄膜生長18學(xué)時(shí)-專業(yè)物理實(shí)驗(yàn)課

管 薄膜材料的應(yīng)表面改耐磨及表面防護(hù)涂能量變換薄膜與器傳感集成光學(xué)器磁記錄薄膜和光薄基礎(chǔ)物理上的應(yīng)分子(MolecularBeam分子束外延在真空腔內(nèi)料溫、蒸在納米甚至原子尺度上精確設(shè)計(jì)和控制量子GrowthModesin生長溫度Frank-vande

2D

3Dislandmode

MBE結(jié)構(gòu)示意 MBE蒸發(fā)熱蒸(KnudsenDiffusionCell,K-cell)，熱罩一般由Ta或者M(jìn)o做成。(PBN)(Al2O3)或石墨做成。 MBE蒸發(fā) MBE生長過 SurfaceReciprocalRealspacelatticevectors:a1&Reciprocallattice a2*(forthea1.a2*=a1*.a2= .a1*=a2.a2*= .a1*=| .a1*DiffractionPatternsof5Plane真真空的定真空的基本特氣體分子或帶電粒子的平均自 ： 例如：RT,氦氣的平均自由程 109Torr50 （大氣中：7真空度的單位與區(qū)域劃1Torr≈133Pa≈1.33mbar真空超

1atm~110110 ~11031103~11081108~1101211012真空的獲密閉空間的營造—真空氣體分子的抽取—真空氣體搬運(yùn)RotaryvaneDiaphragmScrew

氣體吸附SublimationvaporizationIongetterCryoNon-evaporablegetterRotaryvaneRVP103TorrScoll102Torr1~1010TorrHiPace300DN100CF-Cryo

10-

~1011Torr Iongetter10-

~1011TorrSublimationvaporizationTi小真空的測Direct,gas-independentpressurePiezo-diaphragmvacuumCapacitivediaphragmvacuum（4）真空的測Indirect,gas-dependentpressurePirani(thermaltransfer)vacuum（4）真空的測Indirect,gas-dependentpressureColdcathodeionizationvacuum（4）真空的測Indirect,gas-dependentpressureHotcathodeionizationvacuum（4）真空的測當(dāng)STM針尖與樣品表面距離 STM工恒流模 恒高模zxzx通過改變樣品和針尖之間的電壓記錄IARPES的基本原德國物理學(xué)家RudolfHertz

解釋（1905年 TheNobelPrizeinPhysics“ForhisservicestoTheoreticalPhysics,andespeciallyforhisdiscoveryofthelawofThePhotoelectric-Z-ZeYXPhotoemittedPhotoemittedelectronsinVacuumalongdifferentanglesEkin,EnergyMomentumEnergyMomentumConservation:K||=k||+EB=h固體中電子的狀態(tài)(E,k,E—能量；k—動量;s—自旋e.g.XXe.g.XXLL p2/2mh2k2 測量材料電子結(jié)構(gòu)的最直接有效質(zhì)有效質(zhì)E-k散射速散射速EDC超導(dǎo)能EDC贗能EDCEDC載流子濃載流子濃FermisurfaceFermi決定材料宏觀性質(zhì)的重要微觀參Electron

eldetectorHemisphericalDetector2nd

3rdgeneration Spatial StateoftheE=10A=.1AngularBand andFermiSk||- SGS光源（Light氣體放電ConventionalUVsource:gasdischargelampDischargepressure:~1torrDoubledifferentialpummaintainspressuregradient(~1torr-10-9torr)ofUVlinesHeI:transition(2p1s)fromneutralatomHeII:transitionfromsinglyionizedHe+HeI：21.2eVHeII：40.8光源（Light同步輻射Byusinginsertiondevices,brillianceofsynchrotronradiationcanbefurtherincreasedby2–3ordersofmagnitudeormore.光源（Li