外文翻譯-大型井巷道貫通工程實踐

附錄LaneRoad,linkinglarge-scaleengineeringpracticeKungChenpatrioticNavyHighCourtProjectOverview80duringthelate20thcentury,wroteHillgolddepositfoundintheminingareasoutheastof27#pulse,thickveins,notlowgrade,substantialreserves,sotheychangedtheimplementationoftheexpansionproject,twoshaftextensiontobuildanewconcentrator,productionAftertheproductioncapacityof150t/d.Cyanide-widemud-anewzincconcentratorreplacementprocess#pulsewellheadlocatedinthevicinityof27todealwiththemainoreoftheHangHau,Hausunnyoredeputy.Hangthetwoawayfromthe685m,sunnyHangoretothesurfacebytheZL-30shovel5tcapacitydumptrucksloadedtotheconcentrator.Changethedesignoftheexpansionproject,themainshaft27,#networkcanbalancethehammerfordoubleupgradeto8-de-sacunderthemiddle,themiddleofahighdegreeof40m.8forthemiddleelevationof387m.Enhancethecapacityofthemainshaft200t/d.InordertoreducetheoretosurfaceshippingcostsandtoeliminateunreasonablesunnyHangreversesomeoftheoretransport,atthesametime,surfaceminingwhenshippedbytheweatherdisturbanceisplannedwellssunnymiddleextensionfrom5to6middleand6middleelevationofthesamedesignforthe387m.AndthenselectasuitableprogramthroughthemiddleofsunnyHangover6oreproduction,unitytothe27#mainshafttothesurfaceorewarehouse.Thisresultedintwoshaftextensionatthesametime,andthelevelof387meachotherthroughthetwowellsthroughlargeundergroundworks.throughtheselectionandimplementationofprogramsNatureoftheworks:In1990,theimplementationofplanstochangethedesignoftheexpansionproject,themainshaft27#pulsecomprehensiverenovationandextension,extensiontosunnywell.Twooutputshaftextension580m,togetherwiththelevelof387mthroughtheTransportationRoadway840m,whileitstotalmineworksthroughmorethan1400m.By"rockgoldminegeologicalandsurveyworkregulations"intherelevantprovisionsof,theworksarelarge-scaleprojectsthrough.Options:2shaftinextension,howtoachievetheprojectthroughtoabattlebetweentwooptions.Thefirstprogram:sunnyshaftextensionto6middle,5#pulseShihmenseealongveinstowardstheSouthEastprospecting.27#clockshaftextensionto8middle,southandhitmarshallingyardandShihmen50m,120mandthensouth-westveinwearingsee27?1#clockaftertheclockchangethisheadingtothenorthwest.Fromtheore-formingtheory,thesetwobelongtothesamenetworkstructurewithfissures,fractureduetothedegreeofstructureandtheformationofsuchfactorsastimeindependentofeachotherandlinkedtoformthetwoorebodies.Tunnelingalongthevein,throughtheinevitable.Project:387mroadwaythroughtheprojectdesignspecifications2?0m乂2?5m,large-scaletransportofmymineroadway.Uponcompletion,thesunnymiddleofalloftheaboveHangHau6orebythemiddleofIngate2?2?2sunnysecondshaftextensionprogramworksless.July1991,wearingShihmensee5#clockpulseafterthesoutheastwillopenupandprospecting,toearly1992,prospectingextendednearly600m,thistimethemainshaft27,#networkextensionjusttothemiddle8.Inordertospeedupthepacethroughtoimprovetheoperatingconditionsof6wellsfromthemiddleofsunny5#pulseprospectingtunneltest6543points,with27#8,themiddleofthenorthsideofthepulseIngate20mdirectdirectionalboring,straight-throughworksofabout400m.Programtodetermine:theadvantagesofthefirstprogramisforthepurposeofprospecting,explorationthroughintegrationwithHealth;shortcomingshavelongdistance,multi-turn,drivingconditions,evenifthelink,becauseoftheneedtoconductquasi-cuttingprojectssuchasmining,makingitdifficulttoplayashipmentRoutetask.Thesecondprogramoftheadvantagesoftheshortdistancethroughtheconstructionconditions,andthebackboneofthetransportroadwayalmostnoturn,couldsignificantlyreducethetimeperiod,costsavings,theimplementationoftheprogram,bythesecond.Verticalslideshaft,theuseofvibrationintothetubdrawingmachine,themotorvehicle4t#connectionstothemainshaft27topositionthesurfaceore.InadditiontoHangHausunny5#pulsealongtheveinsofironoreprospectinginthegoldveinswithtunneling,thestraight-throughworksbymorethan400mthroughtheveinsofrockarethecrystallizationoflimestonefootwalldioriteandneutral,hardrocksolid,isnotentitledconservation,withoutgushing,butnofault,faultandfracturezone.DriftingthroughtheworksofthemajororganizationsofworkersfromsunnyPossessionissuedbytheproductionplanconstructionsection.Mostofthemalonethefirsttunnelingprojectisplannedon28m,thatis,tocompleteadayofrockblastingandJavatasks;buthavealsoorganizedafewmonthsoftheso-calledrapidtunneling,thatis,fourclassesdaily,everytwoInsmallclassestocompleteadrivingcycle.Inthisway,themaximumdrivingspeedofeachmonth84?7m.TodriftthroughtheconstructioninNovember1992,HangHausunnyeastmeasuringpointfrom6543isalsodrivingmorethan200m,undergroundtransportdistanceandventilation,workerefficiency,andthereforedecidedtoPulse8and#27onthenorthsideofthemiddleIngaterelativelyboring27,802points.Thewholeprojectlasted2years,surveyworkinthemines,thegeneralreferencemeasurementunit243geologicalteam5"accuracyofthemeasurementresults.SunnyspotsnearwellNo.507and27#clocknearly512wellpointthecoordinatesofitsnumericaltable.throughthemeasurementmethodMinelarge-scaleprojectsthroughitstechnologyandtechnologytoensurethatthekeyliesinmeasuringtheworkandworkingmethodsofmeasurementaccuracy.AsfarasIamtodayhowtoensurethatmineoreprojectthroughthemeasurementoflarge-scalework,abriefintroductionasfollows.Miningareacontrolnetworkprofile:Ifirstbuiltmineoreproduction,measuredaftertheexploration.Miningthebasiccontrolplanenetwork243bythenuclearindustrygroupwiththeLiaoningProvincialGeologicalProspectingBureauofGeophysicalProspectingBrigadein1989andcompletedin1991.Itisbasedonnineroutes,suchasstate-levelIIIIIHilland山尖controlnetwork,suchasBeijingUniversity.Mineislocatedinthemeantime.Correspondingsurfaceofthehorizontalcontrolnetworkaccuracy.Imineformanyyearsthroughtheapplicationofteststhat,243GeologicalBrigade5"head-levelcontrolofasmalltriangulationnetwork,itsprecisioncansatisfytheengineeringrequirementsofmine.Theabove-mentionedtwopointsnearwellheadcontrolnetworkisalsoabletomeetthroughprojectneeds,withoutaseparatetestset.ThroughtheworkingmethodsofmeasurementShaftjointmeasurement:thetwoshaftsundergroundInoueContactgyrotheodolitemeasurementsareusedtodeterminethecoordinatesofwirepittheodolitepositioncoordinatestheuseofsingle-wiretransmissionmethod.Determinationofthepitwithgyrotheodoliteazimuthcoordinateswireside,thestrictimplementationofdirectionalgyrotheodoliteobservationoftherelevantprovisionsandrules,thatisadjacenttoeachotherbadswinginthevalueofnotmorethan30",wirelengthshouldbegreaterthan30m,thezerobiasnomorethan0?5grid,thetwosideofmirrorpositionandorientationknownsightwhilereadingthelevelofthetwodialreadingsbeforeandaftereachobservationnomorethan10poor."ObservationprocessisfirstmeasuredintheapparatuswhileInoueknownconstant3times.Theapparatusconstantformula:A=a+y-asitTuo-Pingandthentothedeterminationoftheunknownsideofdownholedirectionalgyroazimuthside,whichinaccordancewiththeformula:a=aTuo-Pingsit-y+A-typeconvergencefortheradialangle,geodeticlatitudeinthesurveyedareacanbeusedfortheargumentoftheabove-mentionedformula,sothecalculationofthecoordinatesofazimuthdirectionaledge.Inoueandthenbacktotheapparatusconstantdetermined3times.Inthisway,atotalof6timesbeforeandaftertheequipmentasthebasisforcalculatingtheaverageofconstantorientationwhilemineisbasedonazimuthcoordinates.Inordertoensuretheaccuracyofmeasurementthroughthisshafttwolinkstoanumberofmeasurements.Sunnyshafttwiceondifferentdatescontactmeasurement,theinitialdeterminationofedgecoordinatesazimuth3timesforpointcoordinatestransmissionof4times,twiceeachmeasuredthesameazimuthdifferencecoordinates26?6",inthescopeofallowablevalues.4Determinationofthecoordinatesofthesamepoint,theXvalueofthelargestdifferenceamong+4mm,Yvalueofmaximummutualdifference+4mm.Atthesametimeduringthecontactmeasurements,usingalongsteelruler(150m)dockingwithLevelreadingmethodsreadingSteelRulerElevationimport,transforminstrumentwithtwohigh-Determination,measuredeachotherwithlittleelevationdifferencetozero.27#pulsemeasurementshaftalsolinkedthetwo,start-edge,wireedge,azimuthdeterminationof2,thecoordinatesforpoint2.Theresultis:poorinter-azimuth112",thesamecoordinatesofeachXvalueofthemaximumdeviation+7mm,Yvalueofmaximummutualdifference+3mm,heightmeasuredintoeachotherwithlittleelevationdifference2mm.Contactthemeasurementresultsoftheseshaftstomeettheneedsoftheminethroughthemeasurement.UndergroundTheodolitetraversing:Inaccordancewiththeprincipleoflow-levelhigh-levelcontrolandprecisionthroughtheproject,inordertoreducetheaccumulationofmeasurementerrors,respectively,inthetwotunnelshaftsplacedintheangularerrorof20"gradewireforthebasiccontroltheodolitewiretoderivationofthistimesthroughthemeasurementdirectionaccordingtothedesignofroadwayconstructionandcontourmapping.havetosetupitscontents,angle-measuring,andlevelingthevolumewhileotheritems,asdescribedbelow.setup.Wireshaftroadwayfromthestartingedgelaidalongtheroadway,pointsarelocatedinthetunnelroof,thedistanceofaround30mingeneral,whentheroadwaywhendrivingforabout500mtoagroupofpermanentpoints.Pointstoleadallnumberpairsofveinsinthenorthernendforthenumber,thesoutherntipofasinglenumber,butalsobytheminewherethepulsenumber,themiddle,Unitedscheduling,suchassuchas27802,27804,6541,6543.Inthisway,toavoidconfusionanderrors.anglemeasurement.Methodusedtomeasureangle.InordertoensuretheaccuracyoftestingandcalibrationthroughtheuseoftheopticalinstrumentfactoryinSuzhou-basedtheodoliteJ2production.Precisionoftheinstrumentsinthefollowingtwoobservationsmeasuredtheforwarddirectionofafewlowandleft,beforeandafterthestandardspytransparentpaperblocktheballdownthefirstline,theilluminationlightsinthepost-testtoeachsidedifferenceof12"limitsofdeviation.Thismethodguidancethrough,notolerance.amountofedge.Measurementofwirelengthandanglemeasurementatthesametimeiscarriedoutafteridentificationoftheruler.Hangingdownatthepointoftheballunderthelinewillbeusedbeforeandafterlevelingthesamelevelastheverticaldemarcationlineofsightofthehighlevelofuseofvacantreaddistancemeasurementwith15kgpullingforceof5tostraightenthesteelrulerreadings,thedifferenceshouldbelessthan2mmeach.5timestheaverageofreadingstakenasthefinaloutcome,thespecificcalculationandcorrectionoffootplus.Bodycalculationandcorrectionoffootplus.4,ExperienceMinethroughthelarge-scaleprojects,theconstructionisverydifficultandtechnicallydemandingstrictmeasurementofImineatestofskilllevels.Worksthroughaccurate,themeasurementoftechnicalindicatorsarelowerthanorconsistentwithnationalrequirements,soImeasuredminetechnologygreatlyimproved,andbenefitedfrom,andhencethefollowingexperience:Measurementofminethroughwork,theremustbeafullymeetthetechnicalrequirementsforprecisionofheadmeasurementandcontrolnetwork.throughthesurveycannotbesloppy,notallowedtohaveasingleerror,itisnecessarytostrictlyenforcenationalnormsissuedbytheprecisiontolerancerequirements.roadwaydesigngradientforthe1%0,weuseadirectmeasurementofthelevelandtheodoliteelevationcombinedobservationsnotonlyfast,andhighprecision,thusensuringtheentireprojectthroughstandardheightmeasurementerror.indeterminingtheamountofedgeangleandthebestuseoftimeandfromtheindependentmethodsofobservation.Becausethewireistheformofsupportwires,nomorechecks.Sofromthepointofobservationtothetest4testtochecktheconditionofcircumferentialangle,closemarginnotmorethan12."Measurethelengthofthereadingsfromthe10largestmutualdifferenceofnotmorethan2mm.toguideusthroughthesurveyworkintheconstructionofanumberoftechnicalassurancetoensuretheaccuracyandmeasurementaccuracythroughfullymeetthenationalrequirementsoftheroleplayedgood.Theaboveexperienceortheexperienceofminetoldmethenextsurvey,inparticularthroughthemeasurementofminehasaverypracticalsignificanceforguidingtheotherthroughthemeasurementofrockgoldminehavereferencework.譯文：大型井巷道貫通工程實踐姚延昭陳愛國孔祥閣高海軍王占東（敖漢旗撰山子金礦）1工程概況20世紀80年代末期，撰山子金礦在礦區(qū)東南側(cè)發(fā)現(xiàn)27#脈,礦脈較厚，品位不低，儲量可觀，于是便實施改擴建工程，延深2條豎井，新建一座選礦廠，投產(chǎn)后生產(chǎn)能力達150t/d。采用全泥氤化-鋅粉置換工藝的新選礦廠位于27#脈井口附近，以處理該坑口礦石為主，陽坡坑口礦石為副。而兩坑口相距僅685m，陽坡坑口礦石提升全地表后由ZL-30鏟裝機裝入5t翻斗車運全選礦廠。改擴建工程設計時,27#脈主豎井為雙罐平衡錘提升，計劃下掘至8中段，中段高度40m。8中段標高為387m。主豎井提升能力達200t/d。為了減少礦石運到地表裝運費用，并為消除陽坡坑口部分礦石不合理反向運輸，同時，地表運礦時受天氣干擾，計劃陽坡井從5中段延深至6中段，并使6中段設計標高同樣為387m。然后選擇一合適貫通方案，把陽坡坑口6中段以上生產(chǎn)的礦石，統(tǒng)一運至27#主豎井提升全地表原礦倉。這便產(chǎn)生了2條豎井同時延深，并于387m水平2條井相互貫通的大型井巷貫通工程。2貫通方案選擇與實施工程性質(zhì)：1990年，實施改擴建工程設計計劃,27#脈主豎井全面改造與延深,陽坡井也要延深。2條豎井延深工程量580m，再加上387m水平的貫通運輸大巷840m，則其總井巷貫通工程量超過1400m。按《巖金礦山地質(zhì)及測量工作條例》中有關規(guī)定,本工程屬于大型貫通工程。方案選擇：2條豎井都在延深，如何實現(xiàn)工程貫通便有兩個可行方案。第一方案：陽坡豎井延深至6中段,石門見5#脈后，沿礦脈走向南東探礦。27#脈豎井延深至8中段，向南打50m調(diào)車場和石門，再向西南穿脈120m見27~1#脈后，改由此脈走向西北掘進。從成礦理論上看,此兩脈同屬于相同的構(gòu)造裂隙,由于構(gòu)造裂隙發(fā)育程度及形成時間等因素而形成相互獨立又有聯(lián)系的兩個礦體。沿脈掘進，必然貫通。工程實施:387m貫通工程巷道設計規(guī)格2-0mX2?5m,是我礦大型運輸巷道。工程完成后，陽坡坑口6中段以上所有礦石經(jīng)各中段馬頭門2-2-2第二方案陽坡豎井延深工程量少。1991年7月，石門穿脈見5#脈后，便向南東開拓及探礦,至1992年初，探礦延伸近600m,此時27#脈主豎井剛延深至8中段。為加快貫通速度,改善作業(yè)條件，可從陽坡井6中段5#脈探礦巷道6543測點,與27#脈8中段北側(cè)馬頭門20m處直接定向掘進,直通工程量約400m。方案確定：第一方案優(yōu)點是以探礦為目的，貫通與生探結(jié)合;缺點有距離長、彎道多、掘進條件惡劣，即使貫通,因需再進行采準切割等工程，因而難以擔當起運干線的任務。第二方案優(yōu)點貫通距離短、施工條件好、主十運輸巷道幾乎無彎道，可大大縮短工期，節(jié)省費用，故按第二方案實施。垂直溜礦井，使用振動放礦機裝入礦車，用4t電機車運至27#脈主豎井提升全地表原礦倉。除陽坡坑口5#脈沿脈探礦在含金黃鐵礦石英脈掘進之外，直通400多m工程所穿過巖石均為礦脈下盤結(jié)品灰?guī)r與中性閃長巖，巖石堅硬穩(wěn)固,不支護，無涌水,更無斷層、斷裂與破碎帶。該平巷貫通工程主要由陽坡坑口組織工人按生產(chǎn)科下達計劃施工。其中絕大多數(shù)工程是獨頭掘進月計劃28m,即每天只完成一個鑿巖爆破與出渣任務；但也曾組織過幾個月的所謂快速掘進，即每天分4個小班，每兩個小班完成一次掘進循環(huán)。這樣，最高掘進速度每月84?7m。平巷貫通工程施工至1992年11月，陽坡坑口從6543測點向東也掘進200余m,井下運輸距離遠，通風條件差，工人勞動效率降低，因而決定與27#脈8中段北側(cè)馬頭門27802測點相對掘進。整個工程歷時2年多，于礦山測量工作，一般引用243地質(zhì)大隊測量小分隊5〃精度的測量成果。陽坡近井點507號與27#脈近井點512號的坐標數(shù)值見表。3貫通測量方法井巷大型貫通工程，其技術關鍵與技術保證在于測量工作、測量精度與工作方法。今就我礦如何保證井巷大型貫通工程的測量工作，簡單介紹如下。礦區(qū)控制網(wǎng)簡介：我礦是先建礦生產(chǎn)，后勘探測量。礦區(qū)平面基本控制網(wǎng)點分別由核工業(yè)部243地質(zhì)大隊與遼寧省地勘局地球物理勘查大隊于1989年與1991年完成。其基礎是國家級II等九路山及111等北大山尖控制網(wǎng)。礦區(qū)正好座落于其間。地表有相應精度的平面控制網(wǎng)。通過我礦多年應用檢驗認為，243地質(zhì)大隊5〃級小三角測量首級控制網(wǎng)，其精度完全可滿足礦山各項