高考沖刺英語(yǔ)閱讀理解課堂練（25）答案解析

2020高考英語(yǔ)：閱讀理解課堂練（25）PassageForty--Nine(MeditationinIndonesianBusiness)

Itlookedlikeatypicalbusinessmeeting.Sixmen,neatlydressedinwhiteshirtsandtiesfiledintotheboardroomofasmallJakartacompanyandsatdownatalongtable.Butinsteadofconsultingfilesorhearingreports,theyclosedtheireyesandbegantomeditate,consultingthespiritsofancientJavanesekings.MysticismtouchesalmosteveryaspectoflifeinIndonesiaandbusinessisnoexception.Oneofthemeditatorssaidhisweeklymeditationsessionsareaimedmainlyatbringingthepeaceofmindthatmakesforgooddecision-making.Buttheinsightgainedfrommysticcommunicationwithspiritsofwisekingshasalsohelpedboosttheprofitsofhisfivecompanies.

Mysticismandprofitshavecometogethersincethe13thcenturyintroductionofIslamtoIndonesiabyIndianMoslemmerchants.Thosedevouttraders,called‘WaliUllah’or‘thoseclosetoGod,’energeticallyspreadbothtradeandreligionbyadaptingtheirappealstothenativemysticismofJava.LegendsattributemagicpowerofforeknowledgetotheWaliUllah.Thesepowerswerebelievedtobegainedthroughmeditationandfasting.

BusinessmanHadisikosaidhisgroupfastsandmeditatesallnighteveryThursdaytobecomeclosertoGodandtocontactthespiritsofthegreatmenofthepast.‘Ifwewanttoemploysomeoneatthemanageriallevel,wemeditatetogetherandoftenthemessagecomesthatthismancan’tholeontomoneyorheisuntrustworthy.Ormaybethespiritswilltellusheshouldbehired.’

Hadizikohastenedtoaddthathiscompaniesalsoholdmodernpersonnelmanagementsystemsandthatformalqualificationsareessentialforacandidateeventobeconsidered.Perspectiveinvestmentsalsoareconsideredthroughmysticmeditation.‘Withthemindrelaxedandopen,itiseasiertobeobjectiveinjudgingtheriskofanewventure.Meditationandcontactwiththewisdomoftheoldleaderssharpensyourowninsightandintuition.Thenyouhavetoapplythatintuitiontotheinformationyouhaveandworkhardtobesuccessful.’Mysticmeditationhelpedreverseabusinessslidehiscompaniesexperiencedinthemid-1980.Operatingwithnormalbusinessprocedures,helostmorethan$3millioninthatyearalone.Meditationbroughtbackhispeaceofmind.Puttingtherightpersonsintherightjobsandgainingconfidenceinhisbusinessdecisionswerethekeystoaturningaroundthathasbroughtexpansionandprofitability.ThemysticisminHandspike’sboardroomispartofagrowingmovementinIndonesiacalledKebatinan–the‘searchfortheinnerself.’

Oneofhismanagers,YusufSoemado,whostudiedbusinessadministrationatHarvardUniversity,comparedtheideaofmysticmanagementtowesternsystemofpositivethinking.‘Willpowerandsubconsciousmindarerecognizedasimportantfactorsinbusiness.Suchapproachesaspsycho-cybernetics,Carnegie’sthinkandgrowthrates,orthepowerofpositivethinkingarewesternattemptstotapthesamehigherintelligencethatwecontactthroughmeditation,’hesaid.1.Whatisthemostimportantfactorintheirdoingbusiness?A.Mysticism.B.Religion.C.Meditation.D.Investment.2.Whomdotheyconsult?A.ThespiritsofancientJavanesekings.B.WaliUllah.C.OldKings.D.Carnegie.3.WhydidHadisikehastentoadd‘hiscompaniesalsoholdmodernpersonnelmanagementsystems…’?A.HethoughtMysticismwasnotsogoodasexpected.B.Toshowtheytoofocusedonqualifications.C.Toshowtheyhiredqualifiedpersons.D.Toshowthepossibilityofcombinationofthescientificmanagementwithreligion.4.Accordingtothepassage,thefunctionofthemeditationis_______.A.togainprofitfromthegod.B.togainpeaceofmindtomakedecision.C.togainforeknowledge.D.togainobjectiveconclusion.5.Whatdoes‘operatingwithnormalbusinessprocedures’referto?A.Adoptingthewesternwayofdoingbusiness.B.Ordinarywayofdoingbusinesswithoutmeditationandfasting.C.ContactwithGod.D.Puttingrightpersonsintherightjobs.Vocabularyfileinto

魚貫而入，排隊(duì)進(jìn)去Jakarta

雅加達(dá)meditate

沉思，冥想，反省Java

爪哇Javanese

爪哇的mysticism

神秘主義boost

促進(jìn)，增加，提高devout

虔誠(chéng)的，熱誠(chéng)的appeal(to)

向……呼吁，求助于，魅力legend

傳說(shuō)，神話fasting

禁食，齋戒holdonto

抓緊，保住personnelmanagementsystem

人事管理制度perspectiveinvestment

遠(yuǎn)景投資venture

（商業(yè)）投機(jī)，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)sharpen

使……敏銳/尖銳，磨尖businessslide

買賣/企業(yè)滑坡，下滑turnaround

（生意）好轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)變subconscious

下意識(shí)的，潛意識(shí)的cybernetics

控制論Carnegie

卡耐基tap

開拓，選擇難句譯注MysticismtouchesalmosteveryaspectoflifeinIndonesiaandbusinessisnoexception.【參考譯文】在印尼神秘主義似乎涉及到印尼生活的各個(gè)方面，商業(yè)也不例外。Thosedevouttraders,called‘WaliUllah’or‘thoseclosetoGod,’energeticallyspreadbothtradeandreligionbyadaptingtheirappealstothenativemysticismofJava.【參考譯文】這些虔誠(chéng)的商人，叫做WaliUllah，或者“接近主的人”，把他們的祈求呼吁跟爪哇當(dāng)?shù)氐纳衩刂髁x相結(jié)合。他們通過(guò)這一途徑積極熱情地拓展商業(yè)買賣和宗教信仰。Puttingtherightpersonsintherightjobsandgainingconfidenceinhisbusinessdecisionswerethekeystoaturningaroundthathasbroughtexpansionandprofitability.【參考譯文】恰當(dāng)?shù)墓ぷ鲘徫皇褂煤线m的人選，對(duì)企業(yè)決策具有信心使形式好轉(zhuǎn)的關(guān)鍵。它給你帶來(lái)拓展和利潤(rùn)。（或任人唯賢，指揮若定使扭虧增盈，大展宏圖的關(guān)鍵。）Searchfortheinnerself.【參考譯文】探索內(nèi)心的自我。Suchapproachesaspsycho-cybernetics,Carnegie’sthinkandgrowthrates,orthepowerofpositivethinkingarewesternattemptstotapthesamehigherintelligencethatwecontactthroughmeditation.【參考譯文】類似心理控制論、卡耐基思想、增長(zhǎng)率、或者積極思考能力等觀點(diǎn)是西方開拓高智能的辦法，而我們是通過(guò)沉思冥想來(lái)和高智能聯(lián)系的。寫作方法與文章大意這是一篇新聞報(bào)導(dǎo)，講述印度尼西亞商人如何經(jīng)營(yíng)公司。主要采用一般到具體寫作手法。一開始就點(diǎn)明他們以獨(dú)特的方式――不看文件，不聽匯報(bào)，而是閉上眼睛沉思，向古代帝王的精靈請(qǐng)示來(lái)經(jīng)營(yíng)。這種神秘主義幾乎涉及印尼生活的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域，商業(yè)也不例外。后面每段都圍繞這一主題而寫。第二段寫來(lái)源。第三段，應(yīng)用于商業(yè)方面的具體例子，第四段，和西方管理方法對(duì)比。答案詳解沉思。這在第一斷已有說(shuō)明。A.神秘主義。是個(gè)總的概念，籠罩生活各方面。而不是具體的做法和重要因素。B.宗教。D.投資。爪哇古代帝王之精靈。答案在第一段。B.WaliUllah是指印度穆斯林商人。這些虔誠(chéng)的商人叫做WaliUllah或者成為接近主的人。傳說(shuō)神話也把先知的力量歸功于Wali