學術英語 醫(yī)學 Unit 6

學術英語醫(yī)學AcademicEnglishforMedicine第一頁，共48頁。Unit6LifeandMedicineDeathisanunavoidableandnaturalpartofthelifecycle.Medicaladvancesandvaluechangeshaveincreasedandacceptabilityofpalliativecareandhospicecare,whichcanbeprovidedtocriticallyillpatientsathome,hospitalsornursinghomes.第二頁，共48頁。ListeningDealingwithunfamiliarwordsSuggestedanswersUnit6LifeandMedicine第三頁，共48頁。Listening

DealingwithunfamiliarwordsIfthewordsdon’thinderyourunderstandingofthemajorpoints,justskipthemover.Usecontextualinformation,commonsense,andbackgroundinformationtoguessthewordmeaning.Sometimes,thespeakermightuseparaphraseordefinitiontoexplainthenewterm.Ifyoufailtofigureoutthemeaningofanimportantword,justmoveonandlistenattentivelytothespeaker.Neverletanynewworddistractyourattentionfromthetalk.Unit6LifeandMedicine第四頁，共48頁。Listening

Suggestedanswers1.Ayurvedais_______________________that’soverfivethousandyearsold.2.TheSanskritroot“ayur-〞means________________________.3.TheSanskritroot“veda-〞means___________________.4.BhutaistheSanskritwordfor_________.5.Doshasare___________________,whichareactuallytheresultofthepairingofthegreatelements.Task1Listentoatalkandcompletethesentencesaccordingtowhatyouheard.anancientsystemofhealinghavingtodowithlifeorlivingwisdomorknowledgeelementbioenergeticsforcesUnit6LifeandMedicine第五頁，共48頁。Listening

SuggestedanswersTask2Listentothetalkagainandcompletethefollowingdiagram.CosmosSpaceAirFireWaterEarth

PittaKaphaVataUnit6LifeandMedicine第六頁，共48頁。Unit6LifeandMedicineUnitContentsLead-inTextATextBTextCListeningSpeakingWritingGet

readingforUnit7第七頁，共48頁。Lead-inTaskHowmuchdoyouknowabouthospicecarepalliativecarecomfortcaremanagementcareWatchthevideoclipandseehowhospicecareisdefined.

HospicephilosophyofdeathUnit6LifeandMedicine第八頁，共48頁。TextACriticalreadingandthinking–Topicsforpresentation–UsefulexpressionsLanguagebuilding-up–Signpostlanguage–VocabularytestSuggestedanswersUnit6LifeandMedicine第九頁，共48頁。Congestive:hyperemicDisinfect:除去〔感染〕，給…消毒Chlorineisusedtodisinfectwater.氯用來給水消毒。Palliate:topalliateadiseaseDialysisorkidneydialysisisamethodoftreatingkidneyfailurebyusingamachinetoremovewastematerialfromthekidneys.透析，滲析Iwasondialysisforsevenyearsbeforemyfirstkidneytransplant.在進展首次腎移植之前，我做了7年的透析。第十頁，共48頁。TextA

CriticalreadingandthinkingTopicsforpresentation1Wheredopeoplespendtheirlasttime?

Unit6LifeandMedicine第十一頁，共48頁。TextA

CriticalreadingandthinkingTopicsforpresentationThereisno“right〞placetodie.-athome-inhospitals-nursinghomes-hospicecareUnit6LifeandMedicine第十二頁，共48頁。Makesense1.講得通；有意義Canyoumakesenseoutofwhatthisbooksays?你能理解這本書的內容嗎?2.明智的,合情合理的Itwouldmakesensetoleaveearly.還是早點走好。第十三頁，共48頁。2WhatcanthehospitaldoforGeorge?TopicsforpresentationTextA

CriticalreadingandthinkingUnit6LifeandMedicineVisitinghours:探視時間；會客時間Thenurseinformedmethatvisitinghourswereover.護士告訴我們探視時間已經完畢.第十四頁，共48頁。TextA

UsefulexpressionsGeorgeandthoseclosesttohimhadpreviouslydecidedthat,nomatterwhat,thedoctorshouldtrytodoeverythingmedicallypossibletoextendGeorge’slife.So,whenGeorgeneededcare,hewenttoahospital,wheredoctorsandnursesareavailablearound-the-clock.CriticalreadingandthinkingUnit6LifeandMedicine第十五頁，共48頁。TextA

Topicsforpresentation3Whatadvantagesdoesanursinghomehaveforend-of-lifecare?

Criticalreadingandthinkingthedyingperson生命垂危的人/臨終者/彌留之際的人end-of-lifecare臨終看護Unit6LifeandMedicine第十六頁，共48頁。TextA

Topicsforpresentation4Howshallend-of-lifecarebegivenathome?

CriticalreadingandthinkingHiringahomenurseforadditionalhelp;Arrangingforservices(suchasvisitingnurses)andspecialequipment(likeahospitalbedorbedsidecommode)HealthinsurancePlanningbyaprofessional,suchasahospitaldischargeplannerorasocialworkerHelpfromlocalgovernmentalagenciesDoctorsupervisionathomeUnit6LifeandMedicine第十七頁，共48頁。5Howhasthemeaningofpalliativecarechanged?TextA

TopicsforpresentationCriticalreadingandthinkingacomprehensiveapproachtoimprovingthequalityoflifeforpeoplewhoarelivingwithpotentiallyfataldiseasesonlysymptomcareUnit6LifeandMedicine第十八頁，共48頁。6Howhasthemeaningofpalliativecarechanged?TextA

TopicsforpresentationCriticalreadingandthinkingKnowledgeofthesubjectmatterUnit6LifeandMedicine第十九頁，共48頁。6Howhasthemeaningofpalliativecarechanged?TextA

TopicsforpresentationCriticalreadingandthinkingKnowledgeofthesubjectmatterUnit6LifeandMedicine第二十頁，共48頁。6Howhasthemeaningofpalliativecarechanged?TextA

TopicsforpresentationCriticalreadingandthinkingKnowledgeofthesubjectmatterUnit6LifeandMedicine第二十一頁，共48頁。TextA

TopicsforpresentationCriticalreadingandthinkingKnowledgeofthesubjectmatter6Howhasthemeaningofpalliativecarechanged?Unit6LifeandMedicine第二十二頁，共48頁。7.Whenwillhospicebeapplied?Whatfeaturesdoesthisapproachhave?TextA

TopicsforpresentationCriticalreadingandthinkingUnit6LifeandMedicine第二十三頁，共48頁。8.Whatmightbethemisconceptionsaboutchoosinghospice?TextA

TopicsforpresentationCriticalreadingandthinking

1.Stoppingtreatmentspecificallyaimedatcuringanillnessequalsdiscontinuingalltreatment2.Choosinghospiceisapermanentdecision

Unit6LifeandMedicine第二十四頁，共48頁。TextA

LanguageBuilding-up

SignpostLanguage

GivingexamplesForexample,...Agoodexampleofthisis...Asanillustration,...Togiveyouanexample,...…isacaseinpoint.Suchas…Unit6LifeandMedicine第二十五頁，共48頁。TextASuggestedanswersTask1OverviewFillinthefollowingtableaccordingtoTextAtocomparethesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenpalliativecareandhospicecare.CriticalreadingandthinkingSimilaritiesDifferencesPalliativecareTreatmentofsymptoms;Multidisciplinaryservice;Providedathome,hospitals,andspecializedcarecenters;ReversiblechoiceServicemaybeprovidedaslongaspossible;Thereisstillhopeforacure.HospicecareServiceusuallyprovidedtopatientswhohaveonly6monthstolive;Thereisnohopeforacure.1Unit6LifeandMedicine第二十六頁，共48頁。TextASuggestedanswersTask1OverviewFillinthefollowingtableaccordingtoTextAtocomparetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofend-of-lifecareathospitals,nursinghomesandhomes.Criticalreadingandthinking2Placeofend-of-lifecareAdvantagesDisadvantagesHospitalsAvailabilityofmedicalresources,includingdoctors,nursesandfacilityaroundtheclockHospitalrulesLimitedspacePrivacyissueNursinghomesCloserrelationshipwithnursingstaffMorepersonalizedcareLimitedaccesstodoctorsPrivacyissueHomesFamiliarenvironmentFreedomforfamilyandfriendstocomeandgoPhysical,emotionalandfinancialburdenforthecaregiversUnit6LifeandMedicine第二十七頁，共48頁。TextATask1/MedicalterminologyMatcheachdefinitionwithitscorrespondingEnglishtermandChineseequivalent.EnglishChineseDefinition1treatmentofdisease,especiallycancer,bymeansofchemicalagents2treatmenttodestroyharmfulmicroorganisms3surroundingslikeacrown(especiallyofthebloodvesselssurroundingtheheart)4servingortendingtocure5separationofsubstancesinsolutionbymeansoftheirunequaldiffusionthroughsemipermeablemembraneschemotherapy化學療法消毒，殺菌disinfection冠狀動脈的coronarycurative治療的，治愈的dialysis透析SuggestedanswersLanguagebuilding-up2Unit6LifeandMedicine第二十八頁，共48頁。TextAEnglishChineseDefinition6adeficiencyofredbloodcells7tendingorservingtopalliate8afederallysponsoredhealthinsurancesprogramintheU.S.forpersonsof65orolder9of,relatingto,oraffectingthelungs10of,relatingto,ormakinguseofseveraldisciplinespulmonary肺的anemia貧血〔癥〕palliative姑息/緩和的〔療法〕Medicare美國聯(lián)邦醫(yī)療保險multidisciplinary多學科的，跨學科的Task1/MedicalterminologyMatcheachdefinitionwithitscorrespondingEnglishtermandChineseequivalent.Suggestedanswers2Languagebuilding-upUnit6LifeandMedicine第二十九頁，共48頁。TextATask2/SignpostlanguageScanthetextandthenwritedownthesentencesinwhichsignpostlanguageindicatingexamplesareused.1.Thesepatientsalsoreceivesymptomcareorpalliativecare.Forexample,intimeGeorgedevelopedanemiaalongwithhisheartfailure.ManagingtheanemiacanimprovesomeofthesymptomstroublingGeorge.2.Itisimportanttorememberthatstoppingtreatmentspecificallyaimedatcuringanillnessdoesnotmeandiscontinuingalltreatment.Agoodexampleisanolderpersonwithcancer.3.Choosinghospicedoesnothavetobeapermanentdecision.Forexample,Deloreswaseighty-twowhenshelearnedthatherkidneyswerefailing.4.Inordertomakecomfortcareavailableathome,youwillhavetoarrangeforservices(suchasvisitingnurses)andspecialequipment(likeahospitalbedorbedsidecommode).Languagebuilding-upSuggestedanswersUnit6LifeandMedicine第三十頁，共48頁。TextATask3/FormalEnglishRewritethefollowingsentencesfromTextAwithalessformalstyle.1Ifthedyingpersonhaslivedinthefacilityforawhile,thestaffandfamilyhaveprobablyalreadyestablishedarelationship.(Para.7)Ifthedyingpersonhaslivedinthefacilityforawhile,thestaffandfamilyhaveprobablybecomeascloseasfriends.

Inapalliativecareprogram,amultidisciplinaryhealthcareteamworkswithboththepatientandfamilytoprovideanysupport—medical,social,andemotional—neededtolivewithapossiblyfatalillness.(Para.13)Inapalliativecareprogram,ahealthcareteammadeupofpeoplefromdifferentdisciplinesgivesboththepatientandfamilyanymedical,social,andemotionalsupportsothatthepatientcanlivewithadeadlydisease.

Languagebuilding-upSuggestedanswersUnit6LifeandMedicine第三十一頁，共48頁。TextATask3/FormalEnglishRewritethefollowingsentencesfromTextAwithalessformalstyle.Palliativecarecouldtransitiontohospicecare.Or,thepalliativecarecouldcontinue,withincreasingemphasisoncomfortcareandlessfocusonmedicaltreatmentaimedatacure.(Para.13)Palliativecarecouldchangetohospicecare.Evenifthepalliativecarecontinued,theemphasisshouldbeputoncomfortcare,notonmedicaltreatmentoracure.Choosinghospicedoesnothavetobeapermanentdecision.(Para.18)Ifyouchoosehospicenow,youcanchangeitlater.

Languagebuilding-upSuggestedanswersUnit6LifeandMedicine第三十二頁，共48頁。________homes(養(yǎng)老院)___________care(臨終關心)congestiveheart_________(充血性心衰)available________________(24小時隨叫隨到)________careunit(冠心病監(jiān)護室)to________totreatment(對治療有反響)skillednursing________(專業(yè)護理機構)_________care(生命終末期護理)_________care(舒適護理)

TextA

LanguageBuilding-up

VocabularyTestnursinghospicefailurearoundtheclockcoronaryrespondfacilityend-of-lifecomfortUnit6LifeandMedicine第三十三頁，共48頁。hospital_________planner(出院方案專員)symptom___________(病癥護理)__________care(姑息療法)__________illness(絕癥)chronicobstructive__________disease慢性阻塞性肺病____________treatment(實驗性治療)spiritual________(精神參謀)__________alltreatment(終止所有治療)togothrough_________(經歷透析)

TextA

LanguageBuilding-up

VocabularyTestdischargecarepalliativefatalpulmonaryexperimentaladvisorsdiscontinuedialysisUnit6LifeandMedicine第三十四頁，共48頁。invitro___________(體外受精)____________biology(根底生物學)embryonic___________research(胚胎干細胞研究)to__________withanoutsider(與圈外人合作)a(n)__________baby(試管嬰兒)___________sciences(生殖科學)toadminister_________(施用激素)toisolate________eggs(別離未成熟卵子)

TextC

LanguageBuilding-up

VocabularyTestfertilizationbasicstemcellcollaboratetest-tubereproductivehormonesimmatureUnit6LifeandMedicine第三十五頁，共48頁。___________observations(經歷觀察)____________work(首創(chuàng)研究)afibric-optic___________(光導纖維內窺鏡)___________guidelines(倫理原那么)societal___________(社會關注)___________couples(不孕不育夫婦)_________diseases(遺傳疾病)cystic___________(囊泡性纖維癥)ethical___________(倫理困境)

TextC

LanguageBuilding-up

VocabularyTestempiricalpioneeringendoscopeethicalconcerninfertileinheritedfibrosisUnit6LifeandMedicinedilemmas第三十六頁，共48頁。TextCLanguagebuilding-upSuggestedanswersUnit6LifeandMedicine第三十七頁，共48頁。TextC

Task:TranslatethefollowingfromEnglishintoChineseSuggestedanswers為了實現(xiàn)體外授精，愛德華茲必須解開根底生物學領域的諸多難題，其中部分難題的解決為胚胎干細胞研究翻開了大門。同時，他還必須面對來自宗教界、政界、甚至英國劍橋大學中名聲顯赫的同事的反對。盡管愛德華茲性格開朗、為人體貼、積極參與公開辯論，但是對于人們指責他的科研違背倫理，他還是感到很傷心。Unit6LifeandMedicine第三十八頁，共48頁。SpeakingSeminar&PresentationTaskUnit6LifeandMedicine第三十九頁，共48頁。Speaking

Analyzingyouraudienceandpurpose1.Backgroundinformation:Trytorelateyourmessagedirectlytoyourlisteners’commoncharacteristics,includingnationality,fieldofstudy,occupation,age,andsex,etc.Unit6LifeandMedicine第四十頁，共48頁。Speaking

Analyzingyouraudienceandpurpose2.Knowledgeofthesubject:Trytoselectthetopicsthatyourlistenersareinterestedin.Don’tpresentatopicthatistootechnicalortoospecializedforthem.Unit6LifeandMedicine第四十一頁，共48頁。Speaking

Analyzingyouraudienceandpurpose

3.Wantsandneeds:Findyourlisteners’wantsandneedsdespitethefactthattheyvaryfrompersontopersonandgrouptogroup.Unit6LifeandMedicine第四十二頁，共48頁。Speaking

Analyzingyouraudienceandpurpose

4.LevelofEnglish:Findoutyourlisteners’levelofEnglish.Makesurethatyouuselanguagethateveryonecanunderstand.Unit6LifeandMedicine第四十三頁，共48頁。Speaking

TaskSupposeyouaretogoingtomakeafive-minutepresentationononeofthefollowingt