2020年中考英語熱點(diǎn)專題突破訓(xùn)練十一 任務(wù)型閱讀

第第1頁共9頁年中考英語熱點(diǎn)專題熱點(diǎn)11任務(wù)型閱讀【命題趨勢(shì)】為了彌補(bǔ)閱讀理解客觀題（判斷是非題與單項(xiàng)選擇題）一統(tǒng)天下、考生容易猜測(cè)的局面，近年來各地中考英語閱讀理解部分都引入了屬于主觀題性質(zhì)的任務(wù)型閱讀，要求考生或填寫表格（一般限定詞數(shù)），或回答問題。這類試題的難度最大，考生如果不能真正讀懂并理解文章，就無法下筆。值得一提的是,近年來任務(wù)型閱讀的主觀題在各地中考英語試題中所占的比例越來越大，有的地方試題甚至采用兩篇,既要求考生根據(jù)文章填寫表格，又要求考生在閱讀文章后回答問題，但是，綜觀任何一組中考英語閱讀理解試題，試題的難易度分布非常有序。【滿分技巧】此類任務(wù)型閱讀是各種題型的綜合，可以給出不同的任務(wù)讓學(xué)生逐一完成。一般是在問題設(shè)計(jì)上兼顧了多種類型，既有根據(jù)短文設(shè)計(jì)的問答題和相應(yīng)的翻譯題、句型轉(zhuǎn)換等，又有根據(jù)內(nèi)容完成句子，完成這一題型應(yīng)非常細(xì)致，應(yīng)認(rèn)真地到原材料中收集有用的信息，并且經(jīng)過整理輸出信息。在明白題意和文章的基礎(chǔ)上仔細(xì)閱讀后面的題目要求，根據(jù)實(shí)際情況去完成所要求的任務(wù)。具體答題策略如下：認(rèn)真審題，讀懂題意由于目要求形式多樣，在同一篇閱讀材料中會(huì)要求完成不同的任務(wù)，因此解題前要先明確任務(wù)，做到心中有數(shù)。快讀閱讀，掌握大意在做影時(shí)要快速掃視一下文章的大意，然后結(jié)合前面的題目的要求，大致明白所要完成的任務(wù)。細(xì)讀題目，完成任務(wù)在明白題意和文章意思的基礎(chǔ)上，仔細(xì)閱讀后面的題目要求，在原文中找出問題題干所包括的信部分，這樣就可以快速準(zhǔn)確地抓住有效信思，確保答題的佳確性。如果是根據(jù)英文釋義寫單詞的題，則一定要確保所填的單詞來源于原文，切不可脫離原文，隨意發(fā)揮?！緹狳c(diǎn)話題】（建議用時(shí)：30分鐘）閱讀、健康、垃圾分類及說明建議類等?！鞠迺r(shí)檢測(cè)】A（2019天津市）話題：交朋友難度：★建議用時(shí)：7分Friendsareanimportantpartofourlives．Wespendtimewiththem，havefuntogether．a(chǎn)ndshareouropinions，feelingsandevensecrets．Lifewouldbeboringwithoutfriends．Friendsinfluencewhowearehelpuslearn,support（支持）usingoodandbadtimesandcareforusevenwhenwearenothappy．Often．wehavemanyhappymomentswithourfriends．Weneedsomeonetosharethingswithtomakethemmoreenjoyable．Beinglonelyforlongperiodsoftimeisnotagreatfeeling．Thatiswhyitisimportanttospendtimemakingfriendsandnurturing（維持），aclosegroupoffriends．Itisimportanttohaveafriendtotalkto,whether（不論）itisaboutasadorhappysubject.Ingoodtimes，itiswonderfultobeabletocelebratewithsomeone．Itisalsoimportanttohavesomeonesupportyouifyouhavejusthadanunpleasantexperience.Friendsarcimportantpillars（中心人物）ofsupport.Friendsteachusimportantlessons．Notwopersonsarethesame．Astimegoesby,welearntorespectoneanother'sdifferences．Thisacceptanceofothers'differencesisimportantaswemeetmoreandmorepeopleinourlives,suchasnewfamilymembers,neighboursandnewfriends．Lifewithoutfriends.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zBeinglonelyforlongperiodsoftime.Itisimportanttohaveafriendtotalkto,whether.Youneedsomeonetosupportyouif.Notwopersonsarethesame,soweshould.【答案與解析】【文章大意】本文介紹的是朋友的重要性,以及如何與朋友相處wouldbeboring.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第一段最后的句子Lifewouldbeboringwithoutfriends,"沒有朋友,生活將是很無聊的"，可確定此處要填寫wouldbeboring.故答案為wouldbeboring.isnotagreatfeeling.纟田節(jié)理解題.第三段最后的句子Beinglonelyforlongperiodsoftimeisnotagreatfeeling,意思是"長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的寂寞不是一種好的感覺".根據(jù)這個(gè)句子判定此處應(yīng)該填寫isnotagreatfeeling.答案為isnotagreatfeelingitisaboutasadorhappysubject細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)文中的句子Itisimportanttohaveafriendtotalkto,whetheritisaboutasadorhappysubject,"有一個(gè)朋友去聊天兒是很重要的,不管你談的是難過的還是快樂的話題".因此應(yīng)該填寫itisaboutasadorhappysubject.故答案為itisaboutasadorhappysubject.youhavejusthadanunpleasantexperience細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)文中的句子Itisalsoimportanttohavesomeonesupportyouifyouhavejusthadanunpleasantexperience可以確定此題答案是youhavejusthadanunpleasantexperience.這話的意思是"如果你剛剛有一個(gè)不愉快的經(jīng)歷，你需要有人來支持你".故答案為youhavejusthadanunpleasantexperience．learntorespectoneanother'sdifferences.纟田節(jié)理解題.文章說Notwopersonsarethesame.Astimegoesby，welearntorespectoneanother'sdifferences，"沒有兩個(gè)人是相同的.隨著時(shí)間的流逝，我們學(xué)會(huì)尊重別人的差別"，因此看出此處要填寫learntorespectoneanother'sdifferences.故答案為learntorespectoneanother'sdifferences.B（2019?江蘇省無錫市）話題：茶文化難度：★★建議用時(shí)：7分閱讀填空先通讀下面的短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在文章后表格的空格內(nèi)填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。所填單詞必須寫在答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題號(hào)的橫線上。每個(gè)空格只能填一個(gè)單詞。Britonsarewellknownfordrinkingtea.Theaverage（典型的）personintheUKdrinksaround1.9kgofteaeveryyear.That'saround876cupsoftea.Teaisdrunkbyalllevelsofsociety.ButteadoesnotgrowinBritain.MostteagrowsinIndiaandChina.So,howdiditbecomeanimportantpartofBritishculture?TeaarrivedinLondoninthe1600s.Atthistime,BritishshipswereexploringtheworldandcameacrossthedrinkinChina.Itwasnotlongbeforegreenteacouldbeboughtfromthemarket.However,itwasonlyfortherichpeople.Atthebeginningofthe1700s,theamount（數(shù)量）ofteaarrivinginBritainincreasedrapidly.Blackteaarrivedatthistime.AtfirstthisteaservedexactlyasitwasinChina.Theysoondiscoveredthatitmixedreallywellwithalittlemilkandsugar,givingthedrinkaspecialBritishcolour.Inthe1800s,teawasstillaproductenjoyedonlybypeoplewithmoney.Atthistimetheybegantohave“afternoontea”.Theydrankteawithasnackaround4pmtoavoidfeelinghungrybetweenlunchanddinner.Itisastillgoingtodaybuthasbecomelesspopularinrecenttimes.Title:_1andBritain—ashorthistoryImportantfactsDrinkingteaisanimportantpartofBritishculture.TheaverageBritishdrinksabout1.9kgofteaeveryyear.Teaisnot2intheUK.butmostlyinIndiaandChina.BigeventsBritishshipsdiscoveredteainChinawhileexploringtheworldanditarrivedinLondoninthe1600s.Blackteaarrivedatthebeginningofthe1970sandBritonsfirstdrankitexactlythesamewayasthe3did.Alittlemilkandsugarwerefoundtobeaperfect4forblackteaandaspecialBritishdrinkwasborn.Britonsbegantohave'afternoontea'inthe1800sandithas5atraditionsincethen.【答案與解析】【文章大意】本文介紹了茶是如何成為英國(guó)文化的重要組成部分的？英國(guó)人以喝茶而聞名。但是茶在英國(guó)不生長(zhǎng)。大多數(shù)茶葉生長(zhǎng)在印度和中國(guó)。茶在16世紀(jì)到達(dá)倫敦，在17世紀(jì)初，到達(dá)英國(guó)的茶葉數(shù)量迅速增加。在19世紀(jì)，英國(guó)人開始喝“下午茶”。從那時(shí)起，它就成了一種傳統(tǒng)。tea【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)So,howdiditbecomeanimportantpartofBritishculture?那么，它是如何成為英國(guó)文化的重要組成部分的呢？可以推知本文解釋了茶是如何成為英國(guó)文化的重要組成部分的。因此題目應(yīng)該是茶與英國(guó)一一一段短暫的歷史。故答案為：tea。grown【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ButteadoesnotgrowinBritain.但是茶在英國(guó)不生長(zhǎng)。所給的句子Teaisnot2intheUK,butmostlyinIndiaandChina.是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)句，故應(yīng)該填grow的過去分詞grown。所以答案為：grown。Chinese【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AtfirstthisteaservedexactlyasitwasinChina.起初，這種茶和中國(guó)的茶一模一樣。句子Blackteaarrivedatthebeginningofthe1970sandBritonsfirstdrankitexactlythesamewayasthe—3—did?的意思是：紅茶在20世紀(jì)70年代初問世，英國(guó)人第一次喝紅茶的方式和中國(guó)人完全一樣。所以答案為：Chinese。colour【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Theysoondiscoveredthatitmixedreallywellwithalittlemilkandsugar,givingthedrinkaspecialBritishcolour.他們很快發(fā)現(xiàn)，它與少量的牛奶和糖很好地混合，使這種飲料具有英國(guó)特有的顏色?？芍?，本題應(yīng)該填:colour；句子Alittlemilkandsugarwerefoundtobeaperfect4forblackteaandaspecialBritishdrinkwasborn.的意思是：少量的牛奶和糖被發(fā)現(xiàn)是紅茶的完美顏色，一種特殊的英國(guó)飲料誕生了。所以答案為：colour。became【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Itisastillgoingtodaybuthasbecomelesspopularinrecenttimes.它在今天仍在進(jìn)行，但近來已不那么流行了。也就是說：從那時(shí)起，就成了一種傳統(tǒng)。句子Britonsbegantohave‘a(chǎn)fternoontea'inthe1800sandithas___5___atraditionsincethen.的意思是：19世紀(jì)，英國(guó)人開始喝下午茶，從那時(shí)起，它就成了一種傳統(tǒng)。本句話是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。其結(jié)構(gòu)是：助動(dòng)詞has/have+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。所以答案為：became。C（2019?岳陽市）話題：電影難度：★★建議用時(shí)：7分閱讀短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，簡(jiǎn)要回答下列問題。AmazingChinaisa90-minutedocumentaryaboutthedevelopmentofChina.Manypeoplehavewatchedit.Weaskedsomestudentshowtheylikedthismovie.Herearetheiropinions.ThedirectorWeiTiemadethissuccessfulmovie.ItshowsthatChinahasprogressedrapidlyinthepastnearly70years.——LiLin▲Thismoviedrewapictureofcommonpeople'sgreatwork,I'mproudofourcountrybecausealltheChinesetrytoachieveChinesedream.——XuWeiInthisdocumentary,wesawthelongestsea-crossingbridgeintheworld,HongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge.Now,Chinaalsohaslongerhigh-speedrailnetwork（高鐵網(wǎng)）thananyothercountry.——LiuYangThefilmhelpedpeopletoknowChinabetter.Thestoriesinthemovietouchedmyheartdeeply.Fromthenon,Idecidedtoworkharderthanbefore.——HuangLeiWhatkindofmovieisAmazingChina?Whoisthedirectorofthismovie?WhyisXuWeiproudofChina?Whichisthelongestsea-crossingbridgeintheworld?DidAmazingChinatouchHuangLei'sheart?【答案與解析】【文章大意】《厲害了，我的國(guó)》是一部90分鐘的紀(jì)錄片，展現(xiàn)了中國(guó)的發(fā)展歷程，很多人都觀看了這部影片，他們都被這部電影震撼到了。短文中給我們介紹了幾位學(xué)生對(duì)這部影片的看法。Adocumentary【解析】根據(jù)短文第一句話AmazingChinaisa90-minutedocumentaryaboutthedevelopmentofChina.可知，《厲害了，我的國(guó)》是一部紀(jì)錄片。故應(yīng)回答Adocumentary.。WeiTie【解析】根據(jù)短文第二段的開頭ThedirectorWeiTiemadethissuccessfulmovie可知，這部電影的導(dǎo)演是魏鐵。故應(yīng)回答WeiTie.。BecausealltheChinesetrytoachieveChinesedream.【解析】根據(jù)短文第三段中I'mproudofourcountrybecausealltheChinesetrytoachieveChinesedream.可知，許巍為我們的國(guó)家感到驕傲，因?yàn)樗械闹袊?guó)人都努力地實(shí)現(xiàn)中國(guó)夢(mèng)。由此可知答案為BecausealltheChinesetrytoachieveChinesedream.HongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge.【解析】根據(jù)短文第四段中Inthisdocumentary,wesawthelongestsea-crossingbridgeintheworld,HongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge.可知，世界上最長(zhǎng)的跨海大橋是港珠澳大橋。由此可知答案為HongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge.Yes，itdid.【解析】根據(jù)短文最后一段中黃磊所說的話Thestoriesinthemovietouchedmyheartdeeply.可知，電影中的故事深深地觸動(dòng)了他的心。由此可知答案是肯定的。D（2019?貴陽市）話題：運(yùn)動(dòng)難度：★★★建議用時(shí)：7分根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Howmuchphysicalactivitydoyoudoinaweek?Areyougettingenoughexercise?___1___Forexample,peoplewhoexerciseregularlyarelesslikelytosufferfrommanydiseases.Regularexercisereducestheriskofearlydeathby30%.Italsoimprovesyoursleepquality.Today,mostadultsaremuchlessactivethaninthepastbecauseourjobsarefarlessphysicalthantheworkourgrandparentsusedtodo.___2___Thislackofregularphysicalactivitymeanspeopleburnfewercaloriesthaninthepast,soweneedtodosomethingtoconsume（消耗）ourenergy.Expertsthinkadultsneedtodo2.5hoursofmoderateexerciseperweek.3Exercisecanbeexpensive,butitdoesn'thavetobe.Teamsportssuchasfootballcanbecheapbecausealltheplayerssharethecostofthefield.___4___Itcanalsobeverysocial.Ifyoudon'twanttospendanymoney,tryoneofthefollowingactivities.Goforarun.Theonlyequipmentyouneedisapairofrunningshoes.Ifyoutakethebus,trygettingoffonestopearlyandwalkingtheextradistance.Gotothepark.5Youcanplaydifferentkindsofgamesthere.Thisisagreatwaytoinvolvefamilymembersandfriends.Inshort,therearemanyeasywaysofkeepingfit.Ifweallrecognizethevalueofdoingthis,wewilllivelongerandbehealthier.A,Trygettingagroupoffriendsorfamilytogether.E<Thiscouldbefastwalkingorcyclingonaflairoad.C.Regularactivitybenefitsyourhealthinmanyways.I）,YoushouldgetmoreexerciseandeatlesstokeepfibJoiningasportsclubisacheapwayofgettingexercise.F.Manyofusspendsevenhoirrj?ormorejust昌ittingonachaireachday.【答案與解析】【文章大意】這篇短文主要是鼓勵(lì)人們運(yùn)動(dòng)并對(duì)如何運(yùn)動(dòng)提出了建議。C【解析】根據(jù)下文Forexample,peoplewhoexerciseregularlyarelesslikelytosufferfrommanydiseases.Regularexercisereducestheriskofearlydeathby30%.Italsoimprovesyoursleepquality.可知上文是有規(guī)律的活動(dòng)在許多方面對(duì)你的健康有益。故選C。F【解析】根據(jù)下文Thislackofregularphysicalactivitymeanspeopleburnfewercaloriesthaninthepast,soweneedtodosomethingtoconsume（消耗）ourenergy.可知上文是每天我們?cè)S多人花費(fèi)7個(gè)小時(shí)或更多僅僅坐在一個(gè)椅子上。故選F。B【解析】根據(jù)上文Expertsthinkadultsneedtodo2.5hoursofmoderateexerciseperweek可知下文這能快走或在平地上騎自行車。故選B。E【解析】根據(jù)上文Teamsportssuchasfootballcanbecheapbecausealltheplayerssharethecostofthefield可知下文是加入一個(gè)足球俱樂部是鍛煉的一個(gè)便宜的方式。故選E。A【解析】根據(jù)下文Youcanplaydifferentkindsofgamesthere.Thisisagreatwaytoinvolvefamilymembersandfriends.可知上文是嘗試和家人或朋友一起去。故選A。E(2019?黑龍江省齊齊哈爾市)話題：就業(yè)，暑期工作難度：★★★建議用時(shí)：6分Iamaplasticbottle.aweekago,Iwasonasupermarketshelf.Ihadanormallife,thesameasallmybrothersandsisters-otherbottlesfull4A)water.Ifeltreallyhappy.Thenatallwomanpickedmeupandputmeinherbasket!Thewomantookmehomeandputmeinthefridge.Ifeltcold,butIsoonmadefriendswiththecansandbottlesinit.However,onlyafewhourslater,shetookmeoutofthefridgeanddrankthewaterinsideme.Thenshethrewmeintoadustbin.(C)丨feltverylonely.Earlythenextmorning,amantookmeoutofadustbin.Hethrewmeandtheotherrubbishintothebackofatruck.Thereweresomanyterriblesmells.ThenIwaspushedtogetherwiththerestoftherubbish.SoonIwascompletelyflat(壓扁).Icouldn'tbelievehowthinIbecame.Isleptforawhile.WhenIwokeup,Ifound(Binaterribleplace.Everythingaroundmewasuglyandhadterriblesmells.Ifeltafraid.IkeptexpectingthatIwouldbemovedsomewhereelse.Thenhugetruckscameandcovered(D)uswithalayer層)ofsoil.Iaskedanotherbottlewhatwouldhappentous.Hesaidthatwewouldneverleavethisterriblecrowdedplace,butwouldhavetostayhereforthousandsofyears.“Whycan'ttheyreuseus?”Icried.閱