2023年中考英語(yǔ)能力拓展訓(xùn)練時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)-閱讀理解（3）脫貧攻堅(jiān)課件

時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)-閱讀理解（3）脫貧攻堅(jiān)閱讀原文11Poverty(貧困)isabigproblemaroundtheworld.ButChinahasdoneagoodjobofdealingwithitandithasfounditsownwaytofightpoverty.Insteadofjustgivingmoneytopoorpeople,ithastriedtoeducatepeopleandgivethemthetoolstheyneedtoliftthemselvesoutofpoverty.Ordinary(普通的)peopleplayabigroleinthefight.Herearetwoofthem.ZhangGuimeihasbeenhelpinggirlspursue(追求)educationsinceshetraveledtoYunnanattheageof17.Asateacher,Zhangwasheartbrokenwhenshesawherstudentsquitschoolafterfinishingseniorhighschool.Theycouldn’tgotocollegebecausetheirfamiliescouldn’taffordit.Soin2008,Zhangstartedafreeschoolforpoorgirls.Sincethen,Zhanghasbeenbusyaskingfordonationstoprovidemoneyfortheschool.Shehasconvincedparentstosendtheirdaughtersbacktoschool.Theschoolhassentmorethan1,800studentstouniversitiesandcolleges.WhenMaoXianglinstartedtoworkasthePartysecretaryofhisvillage,therewasonlyonepathwayoutofthevillageformanyyears.Heledmorethan100villagerstobuildaroadwiththeirhands.Ittookthemsevenyearstobuildaneight-kilometerroad.Maothenencouragedthevillagerstogroworanges.Lastyear,theirorangeyield(產(chǎn)量)wasnearly40tons.Youngpeoplehavereturnedtothevillagetosellorangesonline.Bytheendof2019,269villagershadbeenliftedoutofpoverty.Thepercapitalincome(人均收入)reached12,670yuan,40timesmorethaninthe1990s.Overthelasteightyears,98.99millionruralpeoplehavebeenliftedoutofpoverty.The832counties(縣)and128,000villageswhichthesepeopleliveinarenolongerinpoverty.Chinahasbeenresponsibleforreducing70percentofpovertyworld-widesincethelate1970s.精講解析11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“convinced”meaninParagraph2?A．說(shuō)服 B．允許 C．解釋 D．提醒1．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Theycouldn’tgotocollegebecausetheirfamiliescouldn’taffordit.Soin2008,Zhangstartedafreeschoolforpoorgirls.”及“Shehasconvincedparentstosendtheirdaughtersbacktoschool”可知，這些家庭無(wú)法負(fù)擔(dān)女孩們?nèi)ド蠈W(xué)，所以創(chuàng)辦了免費(fèi)的學(xué)校之后，張桂梅說(shuō)服這些女孩的家長(zhǎng)送她們返回學(xué)校，所以劃線(xiàn)單詞表示“說(shuō)服”，故選A。本文介紹了中國(guó)在脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)中取得了勝利，文中具體描述了兩個(gè)典型事例：張桂梅為貧困女生開(kāi)辦免費(fèi)學(xué)校；毛相林帶領(lǐng)100多名村民用手修路致富。精講解析12．WhatdoyouknowaboutMaoXianglinaccordingtothetext?A．Heworksasateacherinthevillage. B．Heencouragedthevillagerstoselloranges.C．Hedidtwothingstohelpthevillagers. D．Heledvillagerstobuildaroadwithsometools.2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Heledmorethan100villagerstobuildaroadwiththeirhands…Maothenencouragedthevillagerstogroworanges”可知，毛相林為村民們做了兩件事，一件是帶領(lǐng)村民修路，另一件是鼓勵(lì)村民們種橘子，故選C。本文介紹了中國(guó)在脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)中取得了勝利，文中具體描述了兩個(gè)典型事例：張桂梅為貧困女生開(kāi)辦免費(fèi)學(xué)校；毛相林帶領(lǐng)100多名村民用手修路致富。精講解析13．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。根據(jù)整個(gè)文章的理解可知，第一段主要是總體指出中國(guó)在脫貧攻堅(jiān)方面取得的成就；第二、三段分別舉例張桂梅和毛相林的事例；第四段再次總結(jié)脫貧方面取得的成績(jī)，故選B。本文介紹了中國(guó)在脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)中取得了勝利，文中具體描述了兩個(gè)典型事例：張桂梅為貧困女生開(kāi)辦免費(fèi)學(xué)校；毛相林帶領(lǐng)100多名村民用手修路致富。3．What’stherightstructure(結(jié)構(gòu))ofthetext?（①=Paragraph1)精講解析14．Whatisthepurposeofusingthenumbersinthelastparagraph?A．Topraisethespiritofmodelworkers.B．Toshowgreatachievementsagainstpoverty.C．Tospreadthewaysoffightingagainstpoverty.D．Todescribetheexperiencesoflightingagainstpoverty.4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Overthelasteightyears,98.99millionruralpeoplehavebeenliftedoutofpoverty…Chinahasbeenresponsibleforreducing70percentofpovertyworld-widesincethelate1970s”可知，使用列數(shù)字的方式是為了說(shuō)明中國(guó)在脫貧道路上取得的成績(jī)，故選B。本文介紹了中國(guó)在脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)中取得了勝利，文中具體描述了兩個(gè)典型事例：張桂梅為貧困女生開(kāi)辦免費(fèi)學(xué)校；毛相林帶領(lǐng)100多名村民用手修路致富。精講解析15．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A．Theteacherhelpedthepoorareasoutofpovertybygivingmaterials.B．Thepercapitalincomeinthevillagewasmorethan￥500inthe1990s.C．Theyoungpeoplewhostayedinthevillagegreworangesinthepast.D．ZhangGuimeihasbeenhelpinggirlspursueeducationforover40years.5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“ZhangGuimeihasbeenhelpinggirlspursue(追求)educationsinceshetraveledtoYunnanattheageof17”可知，她從17歲開(kāi)始就幫助女孩們接受教育，結(jié)合常識(shí)可知張桂梅64歲，所以說(shuō)她幫助女孩們接受教育已經(jīng)40多年了，故選D。本文介紹了中國(guó)在脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)中取得了勝利，文中具體描述了兩個(gè)典型事例：張桂梅為貧困女生開(kāi)辦免費(fèi)學(xué)校；毛相林帶領(lǐng)100多名村民用手修路致富。閱讀原文22ShashiyuwasonceapoorvillageinHebeiProvince,butnowithaschangedintoarichandlivableplace.Inthe1940s,villagersinShashiyuhadlittlefoodandfewclothes,buttheyhadastrongwishforabetterlife.ZhangGuishun,thePartysecretaryofShashiyu,encouragedhisvillagerstodotheirbesttopullthemselvesoutofpoverty.“IntheancientChinesestory,YuGongcouldmovemountainswithhisstrongwillandhardwork,whycan’twe?Nobodywasborntobepoor?”Hearinghiswords,thevillagersdecidedtomakeadifference.LedbytheCommunistPartyofChina(中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨),thevillagerscarriedwaterandsoiltotheirvillagefromfarawayplacestoimprovetheirland.From1966to1971,theyreclaimed(開(kāi)墾)lotsoflandandgreatlyimprovedtheirlife.However,thevillageencounteredanewproblemtwodecadeslaterastheenvironmentbecameheavilypollutedbychemicalplantsandminerefineriesbuiltin1990s.Thepollutingfactorieswereshutdownin2004,andvillagersstartedgrapecultivation,whichsoonbecameamainindustryinShashiyu.In2009,thecity-levelgovernmentinvestedover1millionyuan($152,723)tochangethevillage’sexhibitionhallintoamuseuminmemoryofdevelopmenteffortsmadebyearliergenerations.After10years,thevillagewascalled“NationalForestVillage”.Zhangsaidthatthevillagestartedayearlytourismfestivalin2015toattracttravelerstopickgrapes.“ThegrapescouldbesoldatabetterpriceonceShashiyubecomesfamousthroughthisfestival.Ourvillagerscanthenliveevenbetterlives,”hesaid.精講解析21．WhydidZhangGuishunusethestoryofYuGongtoencouragethevillagers?A．BecauseYuGonghadstrongwillandhardwork.B．BecauseYuGongwasbornpoortoo.C．BecausethevillagersworshipedYuGong.D．BecauseYuGongbecamerichatlast.1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段倒數(shù)兩句““IntheancientChinesestory,YuGongcouldmovemountainswithhisstrongwillandhardwork,whycan’twe?Nobodywasborntobepoor?”Hearinghiswords,thevillagersdecidedtomakeadifference.”可知，張貴順用愚公的故事來(lái)激勵(lì)村民是因?yàn)橛薰庵緢?jiān)強(qiáng)，工作努力。故選A。本文主要記敘了河北省的一個(gè)貧困村——沙市峪在中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨脫貧攻堅(jiān)的正確領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，在全體村民的共同努力下，發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化的故事。精講解析22．From1966to1971,whatdidthevillagersdotoimprovetheirlivingsituation?________A．Theyplantedgrapestoearnmoney.B．Theycarriedwaterandsoiltotheirvillagetoimprovetheirlands.C．Theymovedtoanotherplacetoliveabetterlife.D．Theybuiltalotoffactories.2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句“LedbytheCommunistPartyofChina(中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨),thevillagerscarriedwaterandsoiltotheirvillagefromfarawayplacestoimprovetheirland.”可知，從1966年到1971年，村民們把水和土壤運(yùn)到他們的村莊改善土地來(lái)改善他們的生活狀況。故選B。本文主要記敘了河北省的一個(gè)貧困村——沙市峪在中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨脫貧攻堅(jiān)的正確領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，在全體村民的共同努力下，發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化的故事。精講解析23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“LedbytheCommunistPartyofChina(中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨),thevillagerscarriedwaterandsoiltotheirvillagefromfarawayplacestoimprovetheirland.From1966to1971,theyreclaimed(開(kāi)墾)lotsoflandandgreatlyimprovedtheirlife.””及第五段“andvillagersstartedgrapecultivation,whichsoonbecameamainindustryinShashiyu.”可推理出，沙石峪的村民是很勤奮的。故選A。本文主要記敘了河北省的一個(gè)貧困村——沙市峪在中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨脫貧攻堅(jiān)的正確領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，在全體村民的共同努力下，發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化的故事。3．Whichwordcanbeusedtodescribethevillagers?________A．Hard-working. B．Lazy. C．Kind-hearted. D．Stupid.精講解析14．Wherecanyouprobablyreadthepassage?________A．Inastorybook.B．Inasportsmagazine.C．Inanewspaper.D．Inasciencebook.4．推理判斷題。短文主要記敘了河北省的一個(gè)貧困村——沙市峪在中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨脫貧攻堅(jiān)的正確領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，在全體村民的共同努力下，發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化的故事，這是一篇新聞報(bào)道，故推理出，你可能在報(bào)紙上讀到這篇文章。故選C。本文主要記敘了河北省的一個(gè)貧困村——沙市峪在中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨脫貧攻堅(jiān)的正確領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，在全體村民的共同努力下，發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化的故事。閱讀原文13Aboutthreehours’drivetothesouthfromChangsha,Hunan,thereisasmall,unknownvillagecalledBaiyun.That’swhereQinYuefeiworksandlives.BorninChongqingin1985.Qinhasbeenknownasagiftedboysincehischildhood.WhenhegraduatedfromYalein2011,hegaveupfindingawell-paidjobinbigcities.Toeveryone’ssurprise,hetooktheexamheldbythelocalgovernmentandbecameavillageofficialinHejiashanVillage.Hismonthlypaywasonly1,450yuan.Inthefollowingthreeyears,Qinfitintothelocallifeandwonthetrustofthevillagers.Hemanagedtoraisemoneyandhelpedthevillagerstoimprovetheirlivingconditions.“Butit’snotenough.WhenIleavethevillage,therewillbenomoremoneyraisedandeverythingwillstaythesame.”Qinsaid.Sowhenfacingachanceofpromotion(提升)in2014,hegaveitupandwenttoworkasavillageofficialinanothervillage,Baiyun.Hedecidedtotryhisbesttomakerealchangesinthecountryside.WhenworkinginBaiyunVillage,hestartedaprojectcalledServeforChinatoencourageyoungtalentstostartbusinessesandprovidepublicservicesinthecountryside.Itattracted(吸引)morethan30youngpeoplewhograduatedfromfamouscolleges.Theyhelpedthevillagersusethelocalresources(資源)tomakesomewonderfulproducts.Besidesthat,theyalsohelpedtoselltheseproductsonline.“Thesuccessofthebusinesswillattractyoungpeopleofthevillagetoreturntotheirhometownandworkforthevillage”,saidQin.Qin’stermofserviceinBaiyunVillagewasuptwoyearsago,buthechosetostaybecausethethinghereallywantedtodojuststarted.精講解析31．WasQinYuefeiborninHunan?______________________________________________________________________1．根據(jù)“BorninChongqingin1985.”可知，秦玥飛出生在重慶而不是湖南。故填No./No,hewasn’t.本文主要講述了秦玥飛放棄高薪回村扶貧的事跡。精講解析32．HowlongdidQinYuefeiworkinHejiashanVillage?_______________________________________________________________________2．根據(jù)“WhenhegraduatedfromYalein2011...becameavillageofficialinHejiashanVillage.”以及“Sowhenfacingachanceofpromotion(提升)in2014,hegaveitupandwenttoworkasavillageofficialinanothervillage,Baiyun.”可知，他在賀家山村工作了3年，故填Threeyears.本文主要講述了秦玥飛放棄高薪回村扶貧的事跡。精講解析33．根據(jù)“hestartedaprojectcalledServeforChinatoencourageyoungtalentstostartbusinessesandprovidepublicservicesinthecountryside...Theyhelpedthevillagersusethelocalresources(資源)tomakesomewonderfulproducts.”可知，他啟動(dòng)了一個(gè)名為“為中國(guó)服務(wù)”的項(xiàng)目，以鼓勵(lì)年輕人才在農(nóng)村創(chuàng)業(yè)和提供公共服務(wù)。它吸引了30多名從名牌大學(xué)畢業(yè)的年輕人。他們幫助村民們利用當(dāng)?shù)氐馁Y源制作了一些精美的產(chǎn)品，故填Theyhelpedthevillagersusethelocalresourcestomakesomewonderfulproducts.本文主要講述了秦玥飛放棄高薪回村扶貧的事跡。3．WhatdidtheyoungtalentsdotohelpthepeopleinBaiyunVillage?_______________________________________________________________________精講解析34．Inyouropinion,shouldQinYuefeiworkinthecountrysideorfindawell-paidjobinabigcity?Why?_______________________________________________________________________4．本題是主觀(guān)題，兩個(gè)觀(guān)點(diǎn)根據(jù)自己的想法選擇即可，并說(shuō)明理由，故填I(lǐng)thinkheshouldworkinthecountryside.Becausehehasachievedhisself-worthandservedsocietyinhisway./Ithinkheshouldfindawell-paidinbigcities.Becauseifhegetsawell-paidjobinabigcity,hecanhavemoregoodchancestomakeuseofwhathelearnt.Hecanliveabetterlife.(答案不唯一，僅供參考)本文主要講述了秦玥飛放棄高薪回村扶貧的事跡。閱讀原文44HaveyouseenthehitTVseriesMinningTown（《山海情》）?IttellsthestoryofpeoplewhomovefrommountainsinNingxiatobuildnewhomesontheplains（平原）inthe1990s.TheylearntogrowmushroomsfromexpertsfromFujian.SomeofthemgotoFujianfactoriestomakemoney.Intheend,theygetridofpoverty（貧困）.Theshowisbasedonatruestory.ItisagoodexampleofChina’s“pair-up”practice.In1997,FujianandNingxiapairedupaspartnerstofightagainstpoverty.ThenameMinningcomesfromtheshortnicknamesforFujian(Min)andNingxia(Ning).Sincetheworkstarted,Fujianhassent183officialsandaround2,000expertsinscienceandtechnology,education,andmedicalcaretoNingxia,accordingtothelocalgovermment.ThepopulationofMinninggrewfrom8,000to66,000.In2020,theyearlydisposable（可支配的）incomeofitspeoplereachednearly15,000yuan.Povertyisabigproblemaroundtheworld.ButChinahasdoneagoodjobofdealingwithit.Chinahasfounditsownwaytofightagainstpoverty.Insteadofjustgivingmoneytopoorpeople,ithastriedtoeducatepeopleandgivethemthetoolstheyneedtoliftthemselvesoutofpoverty.MinningTowniswithoutdoubtagoodexampleofit.精講解析41．IsthestoryofMinningTownatrueoneoramade-upone?_____________________________________________.1．根據(jù)第二段“Theshowisbasedonatruestory”可知，這是一個(gè)真實(shí)的故事。是肯定回答。故填Yes,it’satruestory。本文講述《山海情》所反映的閔寧鎮(zhèn)脫貧致富的真實(shí)故事，講述中國(guó)通過(guò)教育人們并給予他們需要的工具讓他們擺脫貧窮的社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)。精講解析42．HowdidthepeopleinMinninggetridofpoverty?Theygetridofpoverty_____________________________.2．根據(jù)“How”可知表達(dá)用“by+doing”的結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)方式。根據(jù)第一段“The