【創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)】高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 選修8

Unit3Inventorsandinventions課前10分鐘概括大意Nordoesfluonlyspreadthroughtheair.Saysomeonecoversasneezewithhisorherhand，thentouchesadoorknoborsubwaypole.Ifyoutouchthatspotnextandthenputgermyhandsonyournoseormouth，you’vebeenexposed.It’shardertorubyournosewhilewearingamaskandsoyourfacemaygetprettysweatyundermasks.Youreachundertowipethatsweat，andmaytransfergermscaughtontheoutsideofthemaskstraighttothenose.Thesearetheproblemsfacemasksmaycreatefortheirusers.此段落的大意是：__________________________________________________Dangerofinfectionthroughgermyhandsandmasks.漫畫(huà)欣賞畫(huà)面描述

Twopeople，fatherandson，aretalkingwitheachother.Theboy，standingontheground，islookingupathisfather，slightlyscared，whilehisfather，seatedonabigChinesecharacter“fu”，meaning“father”，isshoutingathisson.寓意理解

Inoursociety，fatherandsonarenotinequalpositions.Fatherssimplytelltheirsonswhattodoandwhatnottodoratherthanlistenpatiently.Sonshavefewchancestosharetheirownideasoropenuptotheirfathers.Theyoftenlookuptotheirfatherswithrespect，fearingthattheymightnotliveuptotheirfathers’expectations.你能否對(duì)此加以擴(kuò)展，寫(xiě)一篇120詞左右的小短文？課堂雙基回歸Ⅰ.詞義辨析1．Peoplewhocan’t________betweencolorsaresaidtobecolor-blind.A．a(chǎn)ccumulateB．monitorC．undertakeD．distinguish2．An________changeintheweatherresultedinthebreakoutofflu.A．a(chǎn)bruptB．a(chǎn)bsurdC．optionalD．elegantDA3．WethoughtMarywouldpassandJohnwouldfail，butcontraryto________itwastheotherwayround.A．a(chǎn)pplicationB．descriptionC．expectationD．regulation4．BritishAerospacehasbuiltascannerthat________damage

totheozone(臭氧)layer.A．purchasesB．monitorsC．declaresD．a(chǎn)ccompanies5．Thechequeisnot________ifitisnotsignedbythefinancedirector.A．validB．stableC．passiveD．a(chǎn)brupt6．The________ofnewscientificdiscoveriestoindustrialproductionmethodsusuallymakesjobseasiertodo.A．operationB．a(chǎn)ppreciationC．conservationD．a(chǎn)pplicationCBAD7．Woulditbe________foryoutopickmeupatfouro’clockandtakemetotheairport?A．a(chǎn)pparentB．vacantC．handyD．convenient8．Televisionissuchameansthatitkeepsusinformedabout________events.A．oppositeB．theoreticalC．currentD．clumsy9．Watercanabsorbandgiveoffalotofheatwithoutbigchangesintemperature，thuscreatinga________environment.A．peacefulB．sensitiveC．commonD．stable10．Whenweplanourvacation，motheroftenoffers________suggestions.A．currentB．practicalC．effectiveD．a(chǎn)cceptableDCDBⅡ.短語(yǔ)填空callup；setabout；incase；hangon；outoforder；diveinto；getthrough；ringoff；fillin；amatterof1．We_________acoffeeshoptoavoidtherain.2．I’msorry，butI’veto________now.Ihaveatraintocatch.3．Theyhavesentusanotherformto________.4．Planningaprojectisjust____________workingouttherightordertodothingsin.5．Idialedseveraltimes，butIjustcouldn’t___________.6．Hewasoverlookedwhenthey________choosinganewmanager.7．________atyourpresentjobuntilyoucangetanother.divedintoringofffillinamatterofgetthroughsetaboutHangon8．Myclockwas____________andwakedmeupat3thismorning.9．Thesmellofthesea________happymemoriesofmyyouth.10．You’dbetterwritethetelephonenumberdown________youforget.Ⅲ.完成句子1．Betweentheoutsideandinsidewallsofthebowlthereissomejelly，________________________________(這些果凍冷卻后會(huì)凍結(jié))．(cool)2．Followitup，exploreallaroundit，and________________(不知不覺(jué)中)，youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.(know)outofordercalledupincasewhichfreezeshardwhencooledbeforeyouknowit3．________________(由于非常穩(wěn)定)，ithasprovedinvaluableinthedesignofbridges.(stable)Ⅳ.單項(xiàng)填空1．Onlyafteryouhavehadthatrecognition________thatyouaretrulyaninventor.A．canyousayB．youcansayC．sayyouD．cansayyou2．________withsomeresearchfindings，Idecidedonthreepossibleapproaches.A．PreparingB．HavingpreparedC．PreparedD．ToprepareBeingverystableAC3．But________carefully，thesnakesprovedtobenotroubleandallwentaccordingtoplan.A．monitoringB．tomonitorC．beingmonitoredD．Monitored4．Itwasthisexploringaroundproblemsthatledtohismostfamousinvention—________telephonein1876.A．theB．a(chǎn)C．/D．one5．Thepatentwasgivenin1876，butitwasnotuntilfivedayslater________Bellsentthefirsttelephonemessagetohisassistant，Watson.A．whenB．thatC．onwhichD．sinceDAB知識(shí)要點(diǎn)整合核心詞匯梳理1．distinguishv.

區(qū)別；辨別Atwhatagearechildrenabletodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong?兒童到什么年齡才能明辨是非？Whatwasitthatdistinguishedherfromherclassmates？是什么使得她有別于班上其他同學(xué)呢？Themalebirdisdistinguishedfromthefemalebyitsredbeak.雄鳥(niǎo)喙呈紅色，有別于雌鳥(niǎo)。Thetwinsaresoalikethatit’sdifficulttodistinguishonefromtheother.這對(duì)雙胞胎長(zhǎng)得太像了，很難分辨誰(shuí)是誰(shuí)。鏈接tell...from...把……與……區(qū)分開(kāi)

2．convenientadj.

方便的；近便的搭配beconvenientto/forsb.對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)方便

Isitconvenientto/foryouifIcomeat6p．m.？如果我下午6點(diǎn)來(lái)拜訪你，方便嗎？Isthreeo’clockconvenientforyou？3點(diǎn)鐘你方便嗎？句型itisconvenientforsb.todosth.對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事方便Itwon’tbeconvenientformetoseeyoutomorrow.我明天不方便去看望你。Whenisitmostconvenientforustomeet？我們什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面最方便呢？提示convenient不可用“人”作主語(yǔ)。如果表達(dá)“如果你方便的話，在你方便的時(shí)候”時(shí)，要用if/when/wheneveritisconvenientto/foryou。Comewheneveritisconvenienttoyou.在你方便的時(shí)候請(qǐng)過(guò)來(lái)。If(itis)quiteconvenienttoyou，IwillbewithyounextTuesday.如果你方便的話，我下周二去見(jiàn)你。2．convenientadj.

方便的；近便的

搭配beconvenientto/forsb.對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)方便Isitconvenientto/foryouifIcomeat6p．m.？如果我下午6點(diǎn)來(lái)拜訪你，方便嗎？Isthreeo’clockconvenientforyou？3點(diǎn)鐘你方便嗎？

句型itisconvenientforsb.todosth.對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事方便Itwon’tbeconvenientformetoseeyoutomorrow.我明天不方便去看望你。Whenisitmostconvenientforustomeet？我們什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面最方便呢？提示convenient不可用“人”作主語(yǔ)。如果表達(dá)“如果你方便的話，在你方便的時(shí)候”時(shí)，要用if/when/wheneveritisconvenientto/foryou。Comewheneveritisconvenienttoyou.在你方便的時(shí)候請(qǐng)過(guò)來(lái)。If(itis)quiteconvenienttoyou，IwillbewithyounextTuesday.如果你方便的話，我下周二去見(jiàn)你。4．bearvt.

忍受；承受；負(fù)起提示bear通常與can，could連用，多用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中。Thepainwasalmostmorethanhecouldbear.這種痛苦幾乎使他無(wú)法忍受。Wejustcouldn’tbearthethoughtofsellingthefarm.我們想都不敢想賣農(nóng)場(chǎng)的事。句型can’tbeardoing/todo忍受不了做某事can’tbearsb.doing/todo不能忍受某人做某事；不能容忍某人做某事Alisoncouldn’tbeartoleaveandcriedallthewaytotheairport.阿莉森忍受不了離別之苦，去機(jī)場(chǎng)的路上一直在哭。Hecan’tbearpeoplesmokingwhilehe’seating.他忍受不了人們?cè)谒燥埖臅r(shí)候吸煙。句型beardoing意為“耐得住……；經(jīng)得起……”，通常用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句，且不可用人作主語(yǔ)。Hissufferingsdon’tbearthinkingabout.他遭受的苦難不堪回首。Thejokedoesn’tbearrepeating.這個(gè)笑話不可說(shuō)第二遍。鏈接stand忍受，忍耐endure忍受，忍耐tolerate忍受，容忍

重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)例釋1．callup召喚；使人想起；調(diào)動(dòng)(力量、人員等)；(給……)打電話Thephotographcalledupmemoriesofhischildhood.那張照片喚起了他童年時(shí)代的一些回憶。Hewascalleduprightatthebeginningofthewar.他是在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)剛一開(kāi)始的時(shí)候被征召入伍的。Don’tcallmeupinthemorning.不要在早上給我打電話。2．setout出發(fā)；上路ShesetoutforParisat6andhopedtogettherebeforedark.她6點(diǎn)動(dòng)身去巴黎，希望天黑前到達(dá)。Columbussetoutonexploringthedistantregionsoftheearth.哥倫布出發(fā)到地球遠(yuǎn)方探險(xiǎn)。拓展setouttodosth.開(kāi)始做某事；著手做某事

Isetouttoknitasweaterbutintheenditbecameavest.我一開(kāi)始想編織毛衣，但最后卻織成一件背心。辨析setaboutdoingsth.著手做某事getdownto(doing)sth.開(kāi)始認(rèn)真做某事Wesetaboutcleaningthehouse.我們著手打掃房子。Let’sgetdowntodealingwiththeseproblemsnow.現(xiàn)在咱們開(kāi)始認(rèn)真處理這些問(wèn)題吧。鏈接setoff動(dòng)身，出發(fā)，引爆startout動(dòng)身，出發(fā)3．hangon不掛斷；緊緊握??；稍等Hangonamoment，please.請(qǐng)等一下。Weallhungonasthebusswungaroundasharpbend.公共汽車急轉(zhuǎn)彎時(shí)，我們都緊緊抓住扶手。4．incase以防萬(wàn)一；如果；假使Takeanumbrellaincaseitrains.帶把傘吧，以防下雨。I’msureHarrywillremember，butwhynotgivehimaringjustincase?我確信哈利會(huì)記得，但為以防萬(wàn)一，為什么不給他打個(gè)電話呢？I’llmakesomesandwiches，justincasewegethungrylateron.我會(huì)做些三明治，以防一會(huì)兒我們肚子餓。Incaseyoucan’tcome，givemeacallbeforeIleaveforwork.如果你來(lái)不了，在我去上班之前給我打個(gè)電話。疑難語(yǔ)句細(xì)解1．Beingverystable，ithasprovedinvaluableinthedesignofbridges.由于具有良好的穩(wěn)定性，在橋梁設(shè)計(jì)中，它被證明是極其有用的。【要點(diǎn)指南】Beingverystable是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，在句中作原因狀語(yǔ)?！癰eing＋形容詞、過(guò)去分詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、名詞”通常在句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，此結(jié)構(gòu)一般放在句首，有時(shí)也可置于句尾。Beingveryshy，hecouldn’taskhertogotothemovieswithhim.由于很害羞，他不敢開(kāi)口邀請(qǐng)她一起去看電影。Beingunemployed，hehasn’tgotmuchmoney.由于沒(méi)有工作，他沒(méi)有多少錢。Thegirlfeelshomesick，beingawayfromhomeforthefirsttime.由于是第一次離開(kāi)家，這個(gè)女孩有點(diǎn)想家。拓展上面句子中的being其邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)是一致的，但如果不一致的話，就要給being加上自己的主語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。Schoolbeingover，youcanhardlyfindanystudentsthere.因?yàn)橐逊艑W(xué)，所以在那兒你找不到學(xué)生。Therebeingnorainformonths，allthecropsaredyingout.因?yàn)閹讉€(gè)月沒(méi)有雨水了，莊稼都快要死光了。2．Nowit’samatterofwaitingandhoping.現(xiàn)在就是等待和期盼了。【要點(diǎn)指南】(just/only)amatterof...是很常用的一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，意為“(只不過(guò))是個(gè)……的問(wèn)題”。Learninglanguagesisjustamatterofrememberingwords學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言只不過(guò)是記住一些詞匯而已。Itisnotsimplyamatterofdecidingwhatpriceyouwanttopay.這不是簡(jiǎn)單的你愿意出多少錢的問(wèn)題。Itappearedtobeonlyamatteroftimebeforetheywerecaught.看來(lái)，抓住他們只不過(guò)是遲早的事。突破閱讀理解怎樣猜測(cè)詞義(四)【方法技巧】根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法猜測(cè)詞義。例如：Theyoverestimatetheinterviewee’sabilityandaskedhimmanydifficultquestions.其中的overestimate是由estimate“估計(jì)”加上前綴over-“過(guò)分”構(gòu)成的，故可猜測(cè)出overestimate意為“過(guò)高估計(jì)”。【實(shí)例驗(yàn)證】Towardsevening，therecomesthegrandfinaleoftheopeningday，anextremelyexcitinghorse-race.Alltheridersrunveryfastonhorseback.Someridershangoffthesideoftheirsaddles.Someevenrideupsidedown—theirlegsandfeetstraightupintheair—allatfullspeed.Othersrushdownthecoursetogether，menarminarm，ondifferenthorses.Onandontheygo.Sofastandsowonderful.ofastandsowonderful.◆Theunderlinedword“finale”mostprobablymeansthe________oftheopeningday.A．firstpartB．middleC．lastpartD．whole解析：finale是由final“最后的”派生而來(lái)的，所以很容易就可確定答案為C。答案：C【實(shí)踐應(yīng)用】MostwomeninGhana—theeducatedandilli