2023屆高三英語外刊時文諾亞方舟精讀精練講義

2023屆高三英語外刊時文諾亞方舟精讀精練講義內容摘要ApaintingofNoah'sArk.TheOldTestamenttalehasnotonlyinspiredcountlessgenerationsofartists,butalsomorethanacenturyof"scientific"attemptstolocateremainsofthefabledvessel.閱讀理解Fcxmorethanacentury,peoplehavesoughttheOldTestamentvesselthatsurvivedthebiblicaldeluge.Archaeologistssayit'safool'serrand.Noah'sArkisamongthebestknownandmostcaptivatingofallOldTestamentstories:Aftercreatinghumans.GodbecamesodispleasedwiththemthathestruckEarthwithanall-enccxnpassingfloodtowipethemout-withonenoteworthy(andseaworthy)exception:thebiblicalpatriarchandhisfamily,accompaniedbypairsofeachoftheplanet'sanimals,whorodeoutthedelugeinanenormouswoodenvessel.Forpeoplewhoacceptthereligioustextasahistoricallyaccurateaccountofactualevents,thehuntforarchaeologicalevidenceoftheArkisequallycaptivating,inspiringsomeintrepidfaithfultocombtheslopesofArmenia'sMt.Araratandbeyondfortracesofthewoodenvessel.ButsearchesfortheArkdraweverythingfromexasperationtodisdainfromacademicarchaeologistsandbiblk:alscholars.MNolegitimatearchaeologistdoesthis/,saysNationalGeographicExplorerJodiMagness,anarchaeologistattheUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill,ofmodernsearchesforevidenceofNoah.-Archaeologyisnottreasurehunting.°shoadds.Mlt*snotaboutfindingaspecificobject.Ifsasciencewherewecomeupwithresearchquestionsthatwehopetoanswerbyexcavation."StoriesofdestructivefloodsandthosewhosurvivethempredatetheHebrewBible,theoldestpartsofwhicharethoughttohavebeenwritteninthe8thcenturyB.C.LegendsaboutadelugethatdestroyscivilizationatthebehestofasupernaturaldeitycanbefoundinmuhipleMesopotamiantexts,fromtheEpicofGilgamesh,whichwaswrittenaroundtheearlysecondmillenniumB.C..toarecentlydecipheredBabyloniancuneiformtabletfromabout1750B.C.describinghowthearkwasbuilt.CouldthesefloodmythsbebasedInfact?°TheredoesseemtobegeologicalevidencethattherewasamajorfloodintheBlackSearegionabout7.500yearsago.**saysNationalGeographicExplorerEricCline,anarchaeologistatGeorgeWashingtonUniversity.Butscientistsdisagreeontheextentofthatevent,justashistoriansoftheeradifferonwhetherwritingsaboutadelugewereInspiredbyrealHfe.Itseemslikelierthatfloodsweresimplyexperiencedindifferentplacesandatdifferenttimes-andthatthoseeventsnaturallymadetheirwayintotheworld'soralandwrittenloro.MWehavenowayofplacingNoah,ifhereallyexistod.andtheflood,imeandspace."saysMagness.°TheonlywayyoucoulddoterminothatwouldbeIfyouhadanauthenticancientinscription*—andoventhen,shepointsout.suchaninscriptioncouldrefertoanotherNoah,oranotherflood.ThathasnetstoppedtheproliferationofpsoudoarchaeologythatupholdstheBibi。asliteraltruth.ThefruitlesssearchesareoftenalignodwithadherentsofMyoung-earthcreationism.*thebeliefthat,dospiteevidencetothecontrary.Earthisonlythousandsofyoarsold.Partoftheproblem,saysChne.isthatthopublichasunrealisticexpectationsofthodisciplineofarchaoology-andpopularmodiahighlightsthethrillofthochaseinsteadoftheslowaccrotlonofarchaeologicalknowlodgo.''WoVenotlikeIndianaJones.Mhesays.Mlt*sascientificprocedure.Ifspainstaking.Butwhatexcitesusdoesnotnecessarilyexciteotherpeople."Inhisyoungeryears,saysCline,hespentsignificanttimeandenergyattemptingtorebutthepurportedbiblicalevidencethatenchantsthepublicyearafteryear.Eventually,though,hequit-andnowfocuseshistimeonbothhisexpeditionsandtranslatinghisresearchforthosewillingtoaccepttheresultsofthescientificprocess.,?Peoplearegonnabelievewhattheywanttobelieve/,hesighs.Thatwon*tchangeanytimesoon-sointhemeantime.he*sfocusedonunearthingan18th-centuryB.C.CanaanitepalaceatTelKabriInwhatisnownorthernIsrael.Followingapandemic-relatedpauseonfieldwork,heanticipatesreturningnextsummertocontinueexcavatingapaintedplasterfloorattheOldTestamont-erasite.°Forus.thofloorisincrediblyimportant,becauseitshowsinternationalrelationsandcontactsfromalmost4.000yearsago.**hesays."It'snotNoah'sArk.butit'sapaintedfloor.Mthearchaeologistsays,“whichisgoodonoughformo.MQuestions:果解釋給那些愿意接受由科學的過程產(chǎn)生的結果的人,A選項是原文的同義表述。A干擾項排除B選項說因為他知道了人們無論如何也不會相信他。原文提到了Peoplearegonnabelievewhattheywanttobelieve,他知道人們只會相信他們愿意相信的,但并不是導致他停止反駁的主因。(:選項說因為他不再年輕并且厭倦做這件事。原文雖然提到了inhisyoungeryears,但關聯(lián)牽強。What'sarchaeologists'attitudetoseekthevesselthatsurvivedthebiblicaldeluge?It'sfoolish.It'sinvain.It'smeaningful.WhyClinequitrebuttingthepurportedbiblicalevidencethatenchantsthepublic?Becauseheshiftsfocustoexpeditionsandshowingresearchtopeoplewhorespectforscience.Becauseheknowstheydon'tbelievehiminanycase.Becauseheisnolongeryoungandtiredofdoingthis.結構分析考古并尊是通過尼?求目香人flU出的SfflttftE,引￡71考古學家的不澗結構分析P2:對于諾亞方舟和大洪水是否翼實存在產(chǎn)生分歧P1:介留了諾登方舟的傳說，且人f］一.SfflttftE,引￡71考古學家的不澗結構分析P2:對于諾亞方舟和大洪水是否翼實存在產(chǎn)生分歧諾亞方分5大洪水在時閹粕空網(wǎng)線上無法對容?書不?設論望樗圣裝的KgC2專注于屋的以及符研究成果督日給傅意II受收竽造&的人P3：問瓜在于公眾對考古學抱有不切實際的期望以體不??科學的過程他需城埃及基舊的的代il址的彩結石膏維達舄誼的人G了24000年前的用際關系，CMP3：問瓜在于公眾對考古學抱有不切實際的期望以體不??科學的過程內容解讀Formorethanacentury,peoplehavesoughttheOldTestamentvesselthatsurvivedthebiblicaldeluge.Archaeologistssayit'safooTserrand.Noah/sArkisamongthebestknownandmostcaptivatingofallOldTestamentstories:Aftercreatinghumans,GodbecamesodispleasedwiththemthathestruckEarthwithonall-encompassingfloodtowipethemout—withonenoteworthy(andseaworthy)exception:thebiblicalpatriarchandhisfamily,accompaniedbypairsofeachoftheplanet'sanimals,whorodeoutthedelugeinanenormouswoodenvessel.Forpeoplewhoacceptthereligioustextasahistoricallyaccurateaccountofactualevents,thehuntforarchaeologicalevidenceoftheArkisequallycaptivating,inspiringsomeintrepidfaithfultocombtheslopesofArmenia/sMt.Araratandbeyondfortracesofthewoodenvessel.ButsearchesfortheArkdraweverythingfromexasperationtodisdainfromacademicarchaeologistsandbiblicalscholars,"Nolegitimatearchaeologistdoesthis/1saysNationalGeographicExplorerJodiMagness,anarchaeologistattheUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill,ofmodernsearchesforevidenceofNoah.Archaeologyisnottreasurehunting,"sheadds."It'snotaboutfindingaspecificobject.It'sasciencewherewecomeupwithresearchquestionsthatwehopetoanswerbyexcavation.Hafool'serrand表示“徒勞的事,白費力氣的事”,其中erracd表示“（短程的）差事,跑腿”,例如：Hesentmeonafool'serrand.他派我去干白費力的事。runanerrandforsomeone表示"為…跑腿,為…辦事〃???Frankdriftedintorunningdodgyerrandsforaseedylocalvillain.弗蘭克開始為當?shù)匾粋€下流的惡人跑腿做壞事。wipeout蓑示“摧毀,毀滅,使滅絕”、例如：ThespillcouldwipeouttheGulf'sturtlepopulation.這次原油泄漏可能會使波斯灣的海龜滅絕。wipe本身也是一個含義豐富的詞匯，動詞含義表示〃襟抗〃,例如：Whenhehadfinishedwashinghebegantowipethebasinclean.他清洗完后開始把洗臉池擦拭干凈。名詞含義表示〃（一次性）濕巾”,例如：Non-allergenicwetbabywipesarebestforcleaningtheirsensitiveskin.最好使用防過敏的嬰兒濕巾來擦拭嬰兒的敏感皮膚。sth./sb.wipesthesmileoffsomeone'sface表示"讓…笑容頓失,使…喪失優(yōu)勢”wipethestateclean表示“翻開新的一頁,重新開始”■hunt動詞含義為主，可以表示〃搜尋，尋找「例如：?Somenewarrivalslosehopeevenbeforetheystarthuntingforajob.有些新來的人甚至沒開始找工作就感到絕望了。還可以表示〃建露，追捕（罪犯、敵人）”,例如：Detectiveshavebeenhuntinghimforsevenmonths.偵探7個月來一直在追捕他。還可以表示〃《乂）打獵,（動物）獵食”、例如：■Aleopardhuntsalone,andaninjuredleopardcannothunt.豹向來單獨獵食，所以如果受傷了就無法捕獵。ainthehuntforsth.表示“（參賽者）仍有機會雇〃>explore>track>seek也可以表示“搜索,尋找”,注意區(qū)分:hunt：一般指尋找所需的物件,或對罪犯的搜尋,特指追獵。explore：一般指對未知事物或新生事物的探索、觀察與研究。track：側重按一定線索追查出結果。seek：多暗示做出很大努力去尋求某人或某物。StoriesofdestructivefloodsandthosewhosurvivethempredatetheHebrewBible,theoldestpartsofwhicharethoughttohavebeenwritteninthe8thcenturyB.C.LegendsaboutadelugethatdestroyscivilizationatthebehestofasupernaturaldeitycanbefoundinmultipleMesopotamiantexts,fromtheEpicofGilgamesh,whichwaswrittenaroundtheearlysecondmillenniumB.C.,toarecentlydecipheredBabyloniancuneiformtabletfromabout1750B.C.describinghowthearkwasbuilt.Couldthesefloodmythsbebasedinfact?aTheredoesseemtobegeologicalevidencethattherewasamajorfloodintheBlackSearegionabout7,500yearsago,"saysNationalGeographicExplorerEricCline,anarchaeologistatGeorgeWashingtonUniversity.Butscientistsdisagreeontheextentofthatevent,justashistoriansoftheeradifferonwhetherwritingsaboutadelugewereinspiredbyreallife.Itseemslikelierthatfloodsweresimplyexperiencedindifferentplacesandatdifferenttimes—andthatthoseeventsnaturallymadetheirwayintotheworld'soralandwrittenlore.zzWehavenowayofplacingNoah,ifhereallyexisted,andtheflood,iftherereallywasone,intimeandspace/'saysMagness."Theonlywayyoucoulddeterminethatwouldbeifyouhadanauthenticancientinscription"—andeventhen,shepointsout,suchaninscriptioncouldrefertoanotherNoah,oranotherflood.Thathasn'tstoppedtheproliferationofpseudoarchaeologythatupholdstheBibleasliteraltruth.Thefruitlesssearchesareoftenalignedwithadherentsof,"young-earthcreationism/'thebeliefthat,despiteevidencetothecontrary,Earthisonlythousandsofyearsold.atthebehestof表示“按…的吩咐，遵照…的命令〃，例如：In1970,athisnewwife'sbehest,theymovedtoSouthampton.1970年，應他新任妻子的要求，他們搬到了南安普頓?！鰁xtent名詞，可以表示〃程度，地步”,例如：Thegovernmentitselfhaslittleinformationontheextentofindustrialpollution.政府本身幾乎不了解工業(yè)污染的程度。還可以表示〃茗國，面積,大小”,例如：Theircommitmentwasonlytomaintaintheextentofforests,nottheirbiodiversity.他們僅承諾維持現(xiàn)有森林面積，并不保證林區(qū)生物的多樣性。totheextentof/that表示"（強調）到…的地步,到…的程度〃atowhat/thatextent表示“到何種/那種程度”authentic形容詞，表示“真正的,真實的,真誠的〃,例如：Shehasauthenticcharmwhereasmostpeoplesimplyhavenicemanners.她散發(fā)出真正的魅力，而大多數(shù)人只是舉止優(yōu)雅。還可以表示〃（仿制品）以假亂真的〃,例如：Thecopyhemadeofthepaintingcanpassforanauthenticone.他臨摹的畫足以亂真。還可以表示〃（信息或汜迷）準確的,可靠的”,例如：Ihadobtainedtheauthenticdetailsaboutthebirthoftheorganization.我已經(jīng)掌握了有關該組織誕生的可靠的詳細資料。長難句分析LegendsaboutadelugethatdestroyscivilizationatthebehestofasupernaturaldeitycanbefoundinmultipleMesopotamiantexts,fromtheEpicofGilgamesh,whichwaswrittenaroundtheearlysecondmillenniumB.C.,toarecentlydecipheredBabyloniancuneiformtabletfromabout1750B.C.describinghowthearkwasbuilt.?本句主干部分為LegendscanbefoundinmultipleMesopotamiantexts.接下來填充結構,aboutadeluge介詞短語作后置定語,修飾legends；that引導同位語從句,對deluge進行解釋說明。from…to…構成的介詞短語修飾Mesopotamiantexts,在這里包含時間跨度,交代TMesopotamiantexts在不同時期的表現(xiàn)形式;w/Hc/?引導的定語從句先行詞為ofGilqamesh,對其進行修飾限定;describinghowthearkwasbui/t現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語,修飾Babyloniancuneiformtablet.Partoftheproblem,saysCline,isthatthepublichasunrealisticexpectationsofthedisciplineofarchaeology—andpopularmediahighlightsthethrillofthechaseinsteadoftheslowaccretionofarchaeologicalknowledge.aWe/renotlikeIndianaJones/'hesays."It'sascientificprocedure.It'spainstaking.Butwhatexcitesusdoesnotnecessarilyexciteotherpeople."Inhisyoungeryears,saysCline,hespentsignificanttimeandenergyattemptingtorebutthepurportedbiblicalevidencethatenchantsthepublicyearafteryear.Eventually,though,hequit—andnowfocuseshistimeonbothhisexpeditionsandtranslatinghisresearchforthosewillingtoaccepttheresultsofthescientificprocess.uPeoplearegoingtobelievewhattheywanttobelieve/1hesighs.Thatwon'tchangeanytimesoon—sointhemeantime;he'sfocusedonunearthingan18th-centuryB.C.CanaanitepalaceatTelKabriinwhatisnownorthernIsrael.Followingapandemic-relotedpauseonfieldwork,heanticipatesreturningnextsummertocontinueexcavatingapaintedplasterfloorattheOldTestament-erasite."Forus,thefloorisincrediblyimportant,becauseitshowsinternationalrelationsandcontactsfromalmost4,000yearsago,"hesays."It'snotNoah'sArk,butit'sapaintedfloor,nthearchaeologistsays,“hemeantime表:示“在此期間,其間〃,例如：Eventuallyyourchildwillleavehometoleadherownlifeasafullyindependentadult,buti