初中數(shù)學(xué)詞匯打印版

數(shù)學(xué)詞匯數(shù)學(xué)詞匯初中數(shù)學(xué)詞匯數(shù)學(xué)mathematics,maths(BrE),math(AmE)公理axiom「女ksiom]定理theorem[fiorom]計算calculation運算operation證明prove假設(shè)hypothesis,hypotheses(pl.)[hai’paOisis]命題(truefalse)proposition算術(shù)arithmeticaddition 力口法subtraction 減法multiplication [,mAlt pli'kefn]乘法division 除法力口plus(prep.),add(v.)被力□數(shù)augend,summand加數(shù)addend和sum減minus(prep.),subtract(v.)被減數(shù)minuendfminjuend]減數(shù)subtrahendfSAbtrohend]差remainder[ri'mend^]乘times,multiply(v.)被乘數(shù)multiplicand,faciend乘數(shù)multiplicatorfmAltiplikeitO]積product除dividedby,divide(v.)被除數(shù)dividend['dividend]除數(shù)divisor[di'vaizO]商quotient['kwoujont]等于equals,isequalto,isequivalentto大于isgreaterthan小于islesserthan大于等于isequalorgreaterthan小于等于isequalorlesserthan運算符operator數(shù)字digit數(shù)number自然數(shù)naturalnumber整數(shù)integer小數(shù)decimal小數(shù)點decimalpoint分數(shù)fraction分子numerator['numojetM分母denominator[di'namo門e⑶比ratio['rejiou]正positive負negative零null,zero,nought,nil十進制decimalsystem二進制binarysystem['bainori]進位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入rounddown上舍入roundup有效數(shù)字significantdigit無效數(shù)字insignificantdigit代數(shù)algebra公式formula,formulae(pl.)單項式monomial[ma'nomiol]多項式polynomial [pili'noumjol],multinomial[,mAlti'nomil]系數(shù)coefficient[,kou'fijont]未知數(shù)unknown,x-factor,y-factor,z-factor第1頁共7頁1等式，方程式equation一次方程simpleequation二次方程quadraticequation[kwalr況tik]三次方程cubicequation['kjubik]不等式inequation方程的解solution可解的，可分[溶]解的resoluble[rTzHjobol]完全平方式completequadraticform指數(shù)，冪exponent乘方power使乘五次方toraisetothepoweroffive二次方，平方square某數(shù)的平方xsquared三次方，立方cube四次方thepoweroffour,thefourthpowern次方thepowerofn,thenthpower開方extraction二次方根，平方根squareroot三次方根，立方根cuberoot四次方根therootoffour,thefourthrootn次方根therootofn,thenthroot集合aggregate「次grigit]兀素element函數(shù)function定義域domain,fieldofdefinition[dD'men]值域range[rends]常量constant變量variable""ioboljv次r-]圖象image微積分calculus[k況Ikjalas]微分differential[difahnjal]導(dǎo)數(shù)derivative[di'rivstiv]極限limit無窮大infinite(a.)infinity(n.)

數(shù)學(xué)詞匯無窮小infinitesimalLinfinit*SOmol]有理數(shù)rationalnumber無理數(shù)irrationalnumber實數(shù)realnumber虛數(shù)imaginarynumber幾何geometry平面幾何planegeometry立體幾何solidgeometry點point線line面plane體solid線段segment射線radial平行、平行線parallel相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度radian銳角acuteangle直角rightangle鈍角obtuseanglepbtus]平角straightangle周角perigon底base邊side高height三角形triangle銳角三角形acutetriangle直角三角形righttriangle直角邊leg斜邊hypotenuse[hai'patnus]勾股定理Pythagoreantheorem[pai,0?g9'ri：9n]數(shù)學(xué)詞匯鈍角三角形obtusetriangle不等邊三角形scalene['skeili:n]triangle等腰三角形isosceles[ai'sDSili:z]triangle等邊三角形equilateraltriangle[JkwSl次torol]四邊形quadrilateral[kwodrol次torol]平行四邊形parallelogram[,p況rohlo,gr況m]矩形rectangle長length寬width菱形rhomb[rom],rhombus,rhombi(pl.),diamond正方形square梯形trapezoid['tr?pi.zoid]直角梯形righttrapezoid等腰梯形isoscelestrapezoid五邊形pentagon['pento.gon]多邊形polygon正多邊形equilateralpolygon圓circle圓心centre(BrE),center(AmE)半徑radius['redios/'reidjos]直徑diameter[dai'冼mit+]圓周率pi弧arc[a：k]半圓semicircle扇形sector環(huán)ring橢圓ellipse[i'lips]圓周circumference周長perimeter面積area軌跡locus,loca(pl.)['loukos]相似similar全等congruent['kaqgruont]四面體tetrahedron[,tetro'hi:dron]立方體cube多面體polyhedron[,pDli'hi:dron]棱錐pyramid['piromid]棱柱prism['prizom]旋轉(zhuǎn)rotation軸axis['次ksis]圓錐cone/u/圓柱cylinder['silindo]^sphere半球hemisphere底面undersurface表面積surfacearea體積volume空間space坐標系coordinates[kou'o:dineits]坐標軸x-axis,y-axis,z-axis橫坐標x-coordinate縱坐標y-coordinate原點origin正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent周期period內(nèi)心incentre(BrE),incenter(AmE)夕卜心excentre(BrE),excenter(AmE)旁心escentre(BrE),escenter(AmE)垂心orthocentre(BrE),orthocenter(AmE)重心barycentre(BrE),barycenter(AmE)內(nèi)切圓inscribedcircle外切圓circumcircle['so:kom'so:kl]相對的opposite相似的similar等距的equidistant[,i:kwi'distont]overlap重疊統(tǒng)計statistics3數(shù)學(xué)詞匯平均數(shù)average比例propotion百分比percent排歹列permutation組合combination概率，或然率probability分布distribution圖表graph條形統(tǒng)計圖bargraph柱形統(tǒng)計圖histogram折線統(tǒng)計圖brokenlinegraph曲線統(tǒng)計圖curvediagram扇形統(tǒng)計圖piediagramGRE數(shù)學(xué)專業(yè)術(shù)語詞匯代數(shù)部分1.有關(guān)數(shù)學(xué)運算add,plus力口 subtract減difference差multiply,times乘product積divide除divisible可被整除的 dividedevenly被整除dividend被除數(shù)，divisor因子，除數(shù)quotient商remainder余數(shù)factorial階乘power乘方radicalsign/rootsign根號roundto四舍五人increase增加reduce減少.有關(guān)代數(shù)式、方程和不等式value值equation方程algebraicterm代數(shù)項liketerms,similarterms同類項satisfy滿足numericalcoefficient數(shù)字系數(shù)literalcoefficient字母系數(shù)inequality不等式triangleinequality三角不等式range值域originalequation原方程equivalentequation同解方程，等價方程linearequation線性方程(e.g.5x+6=22).有關(guān)分數(shù)和小數(shù)fraction分數(shù)properfraction真分數(shù)improperfraction彳假分數(shù)mixednumber帶分數(shù)vulgarfraction，commonfraction普通分數(shù)simplefraction簡分數(shù)complexfraction繁分數(shù)numerator分子denominator分母(least)commondenominator最小)公分母 quarter四分之一decimalfraction純小數(shù)infinitedecimal無窮小數(shù)recurringdecimal循環(huán)小數(shù)percent百分之.基本數(shù)學(xué)概念average平均數(shù)maximum/minimumnumber最大/最小數(shù)square平方arithmeticmean算術(shù)平均值weightedaverage加權(quán)平均值geometricmean幾何平均數(shù) exponent指數(shù)，賽base乘賽的底數(shù)，底邊cube立方數(shù)，立方體squareroot平方根cuberoot立方根commonlogarithm常用對數(shù)digit數(shù)字notmorethan不大于lessthan小于units'd個位數(shù)字sum和represent代表adjacent相鄰的constant常數(shù)variable變量inversefunction反函數(shù)數(shù)學(xué)詞匯complementaryfunction余函數(shù)linear一次的，線性的factorization因式分解absolutevalue絕對值，e.g.I-32I=32roundoff四舍五人.有關(guān)數(shù)論number數(shù)naturalnumber自然數(shù)positivenumber正數(shù)negativenumber負數(shù)oddinteger,oddnumber奇數(shù)eveninteger,evennumber偶數(shù)integer,wholenumber整數(shù)positiveinteger正整數(shù)positivewholenumber正整數(shù)negativewholenumber負整數(shù)consecutivenumber連續(xù)整數(shù)realnumber,rationalnumber實數(shù)，有理數(shù)irrational（number）無理數(shù)inverse倒數(shù) compositenumber合數(shù)primenumber質(zhì)數(shù)reciprocal倒數(shù)commondivisor公約數(shù)multiple倍數(shù)（least）commonmultiple（最?。┕稊?shù)（prime）factor（質(zhì)）因子 commonfactor公因子decimalsystem十進制nonnegative非負的tens十位units個位mode眾數(shù)median中數(shù)commonratio公比.數(shù)列sequence數(shù)歹"arithmeticprogression（sequence）等差數(shù)歹" geometricprogression（sequence）等比數(shù)歹consecutive連續(xù)的.其它approximate近似（anti）clockwise（逆）順時針方向 directproportion、directratio正比distinct不同的 estimation估計，近似 parentheses括號proportion比例permutation排列combination組合table表格trigonometricfunction三角函數(shù)unit單位,位 figure圖表幾何部分.所有的角angle角alternateangle內(nèi)錯角correspondingangle同位角verticalangle對頂角centralangle圓心角interiorangle內(nèi)角exteriorangle夕卜角asupplementaryangle補卜角complementaryangle余角adjacentangle4口角acuteangle銳角obtuseangle鈍角rightangle直角roundangle周角straightangle平角includedangle夾角.所有的三角形triangle三角形regulartriangle正三角形equilateraltriangle等邊三角形 scalenetriangle不等邊三角形 isoscelestriangle等腰三角形 righttriangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形 inscribedtriangle內(nèi)接三角形.有關(guān)收斂的平面圖形，除三角形外semicircle半圓concentriccircles同心圓quadrilateral四邊形pentagon五邊形polygon多數(shù)學(xué)詞匯邊形parallelogram平行四邊形equilateral等邊形plane平面square正方形，平方rectangle長方形regularpolygon正多邊形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形.其它平面圖形arc弧line,straightline、beeline直線linesegment線段parallellines平行線 segmentofacircle弧形.有關(guān)立體圖形cube立方體，立方數(shù)rectangularsolid長方體 regularsolid/regularpolyhedron正多面體circularcylinder圓柱體 cone圓錐sphere球體solid立體的octahedron八面體.有關(guān)圖形上的附屬物perimeter周長area面積altitude高depth深度side邊長circumference,perimeter周長radian弧度surfacearea表面積volume體積arm直角三角形的股crosssection橫截面centreofacircle圓心chord弦radius半徑anglebisector角平分線diagonal對角線diameter直徑edge棱faceofasolid立體的面hypotenuse斜邊includedside夾邊leg三角形的直角邊medianofatriangle三角形的中線 base底邊，底數(shù)（e.g.2的5次方，2就是底數(shù)）opposite直角三角形中的對邊midpoint中點endpoint端點 vertex（復(fù)數(shù)形式vertices）頂點tangent切線的transversal截線intercept截距shadedregion陰影區(qū).有關(guān)坐標coordinatesystem坐標系rectangularcoordinate直角坐標系origin原點abscissa橫坐標ordinate縱坐標numberline數(shù)軸quadrant象限slope斜率complexplane復(fù)平面.其它planegeometry平面幾何trigonometry三角學(xué)bisect平分circumscribe夕卜切inscribe內(nèi)切intersect相交perpendicular垂直parallel平行Pythagoreanproposition勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral