Unit 5 語法講解【知識精講+拓展延伸】 九年級 英語教材精講課件（人教版）

人教版

九年級上冊Unit5Whataretheshirtsmadeof?

語法講解Teaplants____________Tealeaves________________Thentealeaves___________________Thetea____________Finallythetea_________manycountriesandplacesaroundChina.aregrown.arepickedbyhand.aresentforprocessing.ispacked.issenttoHowisteaproduced?被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):be動詞+V過去分詞RevisionPam：Chinaisfamousfortea，right?LiuJun：Yes，bothinthepastandnow.Pam：WhereisteaproducedinChina?LiuJun：Well，inmanydifferentareas.Forexample，AnxiandHangzhouarewidelyknownfortheirtea.Pam：Howisteaproduced?

LiuJun:Well，asfarasIknow,teaplantsaregrownonthesidesofmountains.Whentheleavesareready,theyarepickedbyhandandthenaresentforprocessing.Pam：Whathappensnext?LiuJun:TheteaispackedandsenttomanydifferentcountriesandplacesaroundChina.Pam：ItseemsthatmanypeopleallovertheworlddrinkChinesetea.LiuJun：Yes，peoplesaythatteaisgoodforbothhealthandbusiness！2d被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：am/is/are+及物動詞的-ed形式。1.你的襯衫是棉的嗎？____yourshirts_________cotton?2.是的,而且它們產(chǎn)于美國。Yes,theyare.Andtheywere________theUS.3.飛機(jī)模型是由什么制成？______themodelplane______of?4.它是由舊木頭和玻璃制成。It’smadeof_________and______.5.茶產(chǎn)自中國哪里？_________tea_________inChina?

6.茶產(chǎn)自很多不同的地區(qū)。It’sproducedinmany_____________.7.茶是如何制成的？_____istea__________?8.茶樹種植在山坡上。當(dāng)茶葉長成后,它們被手工采摘下來，然后送去加工。Teaplants__________onthesidesofthemountains.Whentheleavesareready,

they__________byhandandthen_________forprocessing.9.在杭州人們種植茶葉。People_________inHangzhou.Tea_________(bypeople)inHangzhou.

madeinAremadeofWhat’smadeWhereisproduced

usedwoodglassdifferentareasHowproducedaregrownarepickedaresentgrowteaaregrownPracticeFillintheblanksaccordingtogrammarfocus.GrammarFocusReadthesentencesandtranslatethem.英語中有兩種語態(tài)，說明主語與謂語動詞的關(guān)系，分主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者；被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者.被動語態(tài)：1.構(gòu)成：be+動詞過去分詞（be有各種時態(tài)的變化）2.被動句：

主語+be+動詞過去分詞+（by+賓語）。

（如要說明動作發(fā)出者就加上by+sb（被某人/由某人）

主動句：主語+及物動詞+賓語+其他。

被動句：主語+be+動詞過去分詞+（

by+賓語

）+其他MostpeoplespeakEnglish

intheworld.English

isspoken

bymostpeople

intheworld.口訣：原賓變現(xiàn)主謂語變被動加之by引導(dǎo)動詞過去分詞的變化:1.規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞：1)一般情況在動詞原形后加-edwatchwatched2)以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的加-dpracticepracticed3)以輔音加y結(jié)尾的，去y變i加-edstudystudied4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加-edstopstoppeddropdropped英語重讀閉音節(jié)就是閉音節(jié)中為重讀音節(jié)的音節(jié)，重讀閉音節(jié)中元音字母不是發(fā)它本身的字母音，而是發(fā)短元音。2.不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞：如：am/is/are______was/were_____have/has_____do_____go_______write______eat____leave_____drink______take_____break______speak______steal______see______give______get______bring______know______haddonegonebeenbeenwritteneatenleftdrunktakenbrokenspokenstolenseengivengotten/gotbroughtknown規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則與規(guī)則動詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則相同。部分不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞形式也和過去式一樣。主動變被動解題步驟:1.找賓語即動作的承受者2.判斷新主語的單復(fù)數(shù)即be動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)3.根據(jù)原動詞的時態(tài)即be動詞的時態(tài)4.修改謂語的時態(tài)即原句動詞改為過去分詞5.原句主語后移變?yōu)閎y+賓格/名詞They

make

shoesinthatfactory.

Shoesareweremadebytheminthatfactory.當(dāng)主語為動作的執(zhí)行者時，謂語的形式為主動語態(tài)；

當(dāng)主語為動作的承受者時，謂語要用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)定義eg:ManypeoplespeakEnglish.

Englishisspokenbymanypeople.

動作的執(zhí)行者動作的承受者（1）不知道或沒必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者。Thesebooksarewrittenforchildren.（2）強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者。Calculator

can'tbeusedinthemathexam.計(jì)算器不能用于數(shù)學(xué)考試。（3）作客觀說明時，常采用一種被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。Itis\wassaid\believed\reported+that……用法ItissaidthatthestoryofChang’eisthemosttouching.句型1.肯定句:主語+be+V-ed+(by…)2.否定句:主語+be+not+V-ed+(by…)3.一般疑問句:Be+主語+V-ed+(by…)?

特殊疑問句:疑問詞+be+主語+V-ed+(by…)?構(gòu)成助動詞be＋及物動詞的過去分詞助動詞be有人稱、時態(tài)和數(shù)的變化1.在主動語態(tài)句中動詞make、have、let、see、watch、

hear、feel等后接動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，動詞不

定式不加to。

但變成被動語態(tài)時后面的不定式都須加上to。注意例如：(1)Thebossmakesthemworktenhoursaday.

(2)Tomletshislittlesisterwaterflowerseveryday.

→Theyaremadetoworktenhoursaday.→HislittlesisterislettowaterflowerseverydaybyTom.主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng)：2.含有雙賓語的句子，主動句中的間接賓語或者直接

賓語都可變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)中的一個主語，另一個保留不變。變?yōu)橹髡Z的若是主動句中的直接賓語在變?yōu)殚g接賓語前則需加介詞to或for。

常用雙賓語的動詞：show/give/offer/send/bring/lend/teach/buy例如：Theteachergivesthepupilssomeadvice.直接賓語間接賓語→Thepupilsaregivensomeadvicebytheteacher.→Someadviceisgiventothepupilsbytheteacher.賓變主，主變賓，by短語后面跟。謂語動詞變被動，be后“過分”來使用。4.Mostoftheearth’ssurface__________(cover)bywater.5.Theclassroom___________(clean)bythestudentseveryday.1.Childrenunder18_____________(notallowed)towatchthis

showwithouttheirparents.2.We_______(pay)bythebossonthelastFridayofeachmonth.3.A:Whatlanguage_________(speak)inGermany?B:MostpeoplespeakGerman,butmanycanspeakEnglish,too.arenotallowedarepaidCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.isspokeniscoverediscleaned4a4bRewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.1.Farmersplanttheteaonthesidesofmountains.___________________________________________

Theteaisplantedonthesidesofmountainsbyfarmers.2.Thisshopusesthebestmaterialstomakedresses._________________________________________________________Thebestmaterialsareusedbythisshoptomakedresses.3.Carelessdrivingcausesmanytrafficaccidents.____________________________________________________________4.Thepostmanbringslettersandpostcardstopeople’shome.____________________________________________________________5.Ourfamilydoesnotusethissilverplateveryoften.____________________________________________________________

Manytrafficaccidentsarecausedbycarelessdriving.Lettersandpostcardsarebroughttopeople’shomebythepostman.Thissilverplateisn’tusedveryoftenbyourfamily.n.(尤指有帽舌的)帽子n.(分手指的)手套A:What’syourpencilmadeof?B:It’smadeofwood.A:Wherewasitmade?B:ItwasmadeinShanghai.DearJoe,Chinaisthehomelandoftea.TherearemanykindsofteainChina.Forexample,LongjingteaandTieGuanyin_________(love)bymanypeople.

AsfarasIknow,farmers___________

(grow)teaplantsonthesidesofthemountains.Whentheleavesareready,they______________________________________________(被手工采摘并送去加工）.Afterthat,theworkers______________________________________

_________________________________(包裝好并送往不同的地區(qū)）.

(moreinformation)__________________________________________________________________________________________________Ihopethise-mailcanhelpyou.Yours,JoyCompletethee-mailExercise.Howdoyouusepassivevoice?特殊情況No1.不及物動詞帶介詞和介詞賓語時，在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，仍然要帶上介詞。

Shelistenedtothemusic.Themusicwaslistenedtobyher.Mikelooksafterthegirl.ThegirlislookedafterbyMike.拓展一：特殊情況特殊情況NO2.

句子謂語是雙賓語及物動詞，將間接賓語或?qū)⒅苯淤e語轉(zhuǎn)化為句子主語均可。Theygavethechildrenmanygoodbooks.Thechildren

weregivenmanygoodbooksbythem.Manygoodbooks

weregiventothechildrenbythem.間接賓語轉(zhuǎn)化為主語人：間接賓語物：直接賓語

直接賓語轉(zhuǎn)化為主語

Tip：

1.有些及物動詞，如give,send,take,bring,tell,show等，直接賓語轉(zhuǎn)化為主語時，被保留的間接賓語前通常加to.

2.有些及物動詞，如buy,make,find,get,draw等,直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z時，被保留的間接賓語前通常加for.使役動詞的被動語態(tài)：特殊情況No3.

當(dāng)動詞帶有復(fù)合賓語(有賓補(bǔ)),并且賓補(bǔ)是省去to的動詞不定式時，在被動語態(tài)中應(yīng)加上to

Mikemakesuscookthefoodeveryday.Wearemade

tocookthefoodeveryday.makesbdobemadetodoletsbdobelettodohavesbdobehadtodo特殊情況No4.

主動語態(tài)的賓語是句子（賓語從句），變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時通常用it作形式主語，真正主語放在后面。

Iknowthattheearthisround.Itisknownthattheearthisround.TheysaythatMikealwayscooksthemeals.ItissaidthatMikealwayscooksthemeals.Task31.Thegirl________goodcare________byherfather.2.Theteacher_________bythestudents.A.takes;ofB.wastaken;forC.istaken;ofD.wastaken;toA.waslistenB.waslistenedtoC.listenedtoD.waslisteningto3.Thegiftwas_________theprettygirl.A.boughtforB.boughtC.boughttoD.showed4.Thepicturewas_________theoldman.A.showedforB.showedtoC.showing選擇正確的答案D.showedTask35.It_________thatHelenisfamousinthecity.6.Helenwasseen_________thebookaway.A.knowsB.isknownC.knownD.knewA.takeB.totakeC.tookD.wastaking7.Thecakewas_________hismother.A.makingB.madetoC.madeforD.madeof8.Thebook_________yesterdayisinteresting.A.wasboughtB.boughtC.boughtto選擇正確的答案D.buys主動形式表被動含義Thematerialfeelsverysoft.這種材料感覺很柔軟。Yourideasoundsgreat.你的主意聽起來很棒。Thefoodsmellsgood.這個食物聞起來不錯。Heseemshappy.他看起來很開心。1.系表結(jié)構(gòu),如look,feel,smell,taste,sound,prove,appear,seem拓展一：主動表被動主動形式表被動含義Thepenwriteswell.這支筆很好寫。Thebookssellwell.這些書賣的很好。2.主語是物，謂語是表示主語特征或?qū)傩缘牟患拔飫釉~。如：wash/write/sell/lock/shut/open/move/cut等，特別是后面加副詞well/quickly.Thedoorwon'tshut.這門關(guān)不上。3.某些表示“發(fā)生”（happen,takeplace）,“爆發(fā)”（breakout,burstout）,“傳播”（spread）等不及物動詞。Thenewsspreadquickly.這個消息傳播地很快。Thewarbrokeoutin1941.戰(zhàn)爭在1941年爆發(fā)了。主動形式表被動含義4.表示“需要”的動詞之后，動名詞用主動形式表示被動意義。Thebikeneedsrepairing.這輛自行車需要修理。=Thebikeneedstoberepaired.need/want/requiredoing=need/want/requiretobedone5.worth+doing的主動形式表示被動意義。Thebookisisworthreading.這本書值得一看。Themanisnotworthhelping.這個人不值得幫助。Task51.Thepen___________(write)well.2.Thedoorwon't__________(shut).3.Greatchanges_____________(takeplace)inthistownin1988.4.Thisbookisworth_____________(read).5.Thiscarneeds_____________(wash).6.Thisapple_____________(taste)sweet.7.Thesofa_____________(feel)soft.缺詞填空writesshuttookplacereadingwashingtobewashedtastesfeels1.Itissaidthattwo______andthree_____aregoingtovisitourschoolnextweek.A.German;JapaneseB.Germany;JapanC.Germanys;JapansD.Germans;Japanese2.Drivingafterdrinkingwine______inChina.A.allows B.doesn’tallowC.isallowed D.isn’tallowed3.Thegirlisoften_____bythenaughtyboy.A.madecryB.maketocryC.madetocryD.makecrying4.Thispairofshoes_____hand,andit_____verycomfortable.A.ismadewith;isfeltB.aremadefrom;isfeltC.aremadeof;feelsD.ismadeby;feelsDDCD1.Ifthesciencefiction_______intoEnglish,itwillbepopulararoundtheworld.(2021遼寧盤錦)

A.translates B.istranslated

C.translated D.wastranslated2.Wecanleavetwohoursearlierifthework________.(2021遼寧鐵嶺、葫蘆島)A.completesB.completedC.iscompletedD.wascompletedBC3.Allcustomers_______totaketheirtemperatureswhentheyenterthesupermarket.(2021廣西河池)A.isaskedB.wasaskedC.areaskedD.wereasked4.Thesegreatbooks_______bypeopleallovertheworldtoday.(2021廣西桂林)A.wereread B.read C.areread5.InourEnglishclass,manychances_______tostudentstoshowthemselves.(2021廣西梧州)A.offerB.areoffered

C.offeredD.areofferingCCB6.—HowlongmayI______yourmagazine?—Foroneweek.Butitmustn’t______toothers.(2021湖北黃石)A.borrow;lend B.keep;belent C.lend;beborrowed D.have;lend7.Today,manywinterOlympicsports________evenbychildren.(2021北京)A.enjoyed B.enjoy

C.wereenjoyed D.areenjoyedBDⅠ.根據(jù)語境及括號內(nèi)所給詞語的提示填空。1.Cars_____________(drive)ontheleftsideoftheroadinBritain.2.Sugar_____________(add)toteatomakeitsweeter.3.Inthiscountrytea______________(notdrink)withmilk.4.We______________(notallow)towalkonthegrass.aredrivenisaddedisn’tdrunkaren’tallowed5.—Whatlanguage________________(speak)inGermany?—GermanandEnglish.6.They_______________(notmake)thiskindofcarin