2020年高考英語(yǔ)新題型寫(xiě)作技巧八 強(qiáng)調(diào)倒裝虛擬語(yǔ)氣句型和豐富細(xì)節(jié)的手段

2020年高考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作新題型備考技巧專(zhuān)題（八）強(qiáng)調(diào)倒裝虛擬句型+豐富文章細(xì)節(jié)的手段備考技巧丄特殊句型是英語(yǔ)書(shū)面表達(dá)中的高級(jí)句式，其中強(qiáng)調(diào)句和倒裝句是較為常見(jiàn)的特殊句型。而虛擬語(yǔ)氣也是高中較難掌握的句型之一。它們的準(zhǔn)確使用能夠彰顯考生的英語(yǔ)水平，提高寫(xiě)作檔次。一．重點(diǎn)突出的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型（一）強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本句式結(jié)構(gòu)為：Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+句子其他成分。它可以強(qiáng)調(diào)除謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞外的其它任何成分，如主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等。在續(xù)寫(xiě)和概寫(xiě)中靈活運(yùn)用強(qiáng)調(diào)句不僅能突出重點(diǎn)、增強(qiáng)表達(dá)，更能彰顯考生的英語(yǔ)運(yùn)用能力。Itisjusttheso-calledinconveniencethatdisplaystherichness,delicacyandgreatfascinationofChineseculturewithahistoryofthousandsofyears.（2019年浙江高考書(shū)面表達(dá)）在寫(xiě)作中運(yùn)用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型可以采取以下步驟：在一個(gè)寫(xiě)好的句子中找出需要強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分，如主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等；根據(jù)句子的時(shí)態(tài)確定is或was；然后把要強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分套進(jìn)句式里，Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+句子其他成分。例：Wecreatedaharmoniousatmospherewithsincerityandfaithfulness.如果我們要強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)，即withsincerityandfaithfulness，在確定好時(shí)態(tài)was后，把需要強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分放在itwas后，that后放除強(qiáng)調(diào)外的剩余成分便得到：Itwaswithsincerityandfaithfulnessthatwecreatedaharmoniousatmosphere.（二）強(qiáng)調(diào)句常用句式Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分+that/who+句子其它成分ItisontheplaygroundthisFridayafternoonthatavolleyballgamewillbeheld.（2019全國(guó)一卷書(shū)面表達(dá)）Itwasbecauseoftheirhelpthatadisasterwasavoided.（2017年浙江高考書(shū)面表達(dá)）Is/wasit+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分+that/who+句子其它成分Wasitintheparkthatthechildrensawthestrangegreenobjects?特殊疑問(wèn)詞+is/wasit+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分+句子其它成分Whenwasitthatyoumadeupyourmindtoworkasavolunteerteacher?Itis/wasnotuntilthat+句子其它成分Itwasn'tuntilhewentthroughrealhardshipthatherealizedtheloveforafamilycounts.注意：強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可以用助動(dòng)詞do/does/didWedidhopetherewouldbemoremeaningfulactivitiesinthecomingfuture.（2015年北京高考）二．平衡句子的倒裝句型英語(yǔ)書(shū)面表達(dá)中的倒裝舉行主要包括部分倒裝和全倒裝。一般應(yīng)用文、議論文、故事續(xù)寫(xiě)和文章概寫(xiě)都可使用倒裝句型，可以使句子更為生動(dòng)和高級(jí)。考生平時(shí)應(yīng)多注意和練習(xí)以下句型。1.“only+狀語(yǔ)”置于句首時(shí)，句子需要使用部分倒裝。Wecanhelptoconstructanenergy-savingsocietyonlywithjointefforts.Onlywithjointeffortscanwehelptoconstructanenergy-savingsociety.2?none,neither,nor,never,hardly,scarcely,barely,little,seldom等否定詞或atnotime,innoway,undernocircumstances,bynomeans,notuntil,notonly,notasingleword等表示否定意義的短語(yǔ)放于句首時(shí)，句子也要部分倒裝。①.Henotonlymadeapromise,butalsohekeptit.Notonlydidhemakeapromise,butalsohekeptit.②.WehadnosoonerarrivedattheactivitycenterthanwesignedupfortheWalkingContest.NosoonerhadwearrivedattheactivitycenterthanwesignedupfortheWalkingContest.3?在so/such???that???結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)so/such???位于句首時(shí)，后面的從句需要考慮使用倒裝。①.Wearesoeagertowinthegamethatweshouldprepareforit.Soeagertowinthegamearewethatweshouldprepareforit.（2019全國(guó)一卷書(shū)面表達(dá)）②.Hedrovesocarelesslythathealmostkilledhimself.Socarelesslydidhedrivesocarelesslythathealmostkilledhimself.as表示盡管時(shí)，后面的形容詞、名詞、副詞等成分必須置前；though在這種情況下，是否倒裝都可以。Though/Although/Whilehewas,hestillwentonwithhisfarmwork.Exhaustedas/thoughhewas,hestillwentonwithhisfarmwork.5?虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件句中的“Were/Should/HadI???”倒裝句式①.Lookingback,IfeelIwouldn'tbeabletorideabikeifIhadlostheart.Lookingback,IfeelIwouldn'tbeabletorideabikehadIlostheart.②.IfIweretwoyearsyounger,Iwoulddosomething.WereItwoyearsyounger,Iwoulddosomething.以副詞there,here,away,down,off,in,out等副詞或者intheroom,onthewall等介詞短語(yǔ)為首時(shí)，后面的主語(yǔ)為名詞時(shí)，需要用全倒裝；主語(yǔ)若為人稱(chēng)代詞，則不用倒裝。.Herearesomerelevantdetailsaboutit.（2018年全國(guó)二卷書(shū)面表達(dá)）.ThedooropenedandincameMr.Wang..Infrontoftheschoolstandsthehospital.三．委婉動(dòng)聽(tīng)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在書(shū)面表達(dá)中，運(yùn)用高階語(yǔ)法虛擬語(yǔ)氣需要注意表達(dá)的準(zhǔn)確性。如果表達(dá)不太真實(shí)的條件或者表達(dá)要求、愿望、強(qiáng)調(diào)論述觀點(diǎn)的客觀性時(shí)，考生可以借助虛擬語(yǔ)氣，使書(shū)面表達(dá)更為精彩。陳述語(yǔ)氣變虛擬語(yǔ)氣：.Ididn'ttakehisadvice,soIfailedintheexam.IfIhadtakenhisadvice,Iwouldn'thavefailedintheexam..It'stimeforustotakemeasurestoprotectendangeredanimals.It'stimethatwetookmeasurestoprotectendangeredanimals.寫(xiě)作中常見(jiàn)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣句式：If虛擬語(yǔ)氣，與過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在、將來(lái)相反IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeawalkintheeveningwithmyfriends.（2014安徽高考書(shū)面表達(dá)）???wish???would/haddone/were/did???希望/但愿Iwishtherewouldn'tbetoomanystudentsinaclass.?asif/asthough?與過(guò)去現(xiàn)在相反，表示“好像”Everythinginmychildhoodcrowdeduponmymindasiftheyhadjusthappened.IfonlyIcould/did/haddone?我要是??就好了IfonlyIcouldgobackandresetmygoals.（2015重慶高考書(shū)面表達(dá)）It's（high/about）time（that）?did/shoulddo?是時(shí)候??It'shightimethatbothchildrenandparentstookactiontomakesomechanges.shouldhavedone本應(yīng)該做；shouldn'thavedone本不應(yīng)該做Ishouldn'thaveleftTom.（2016浙江高考書(shū)面表達(dá)）suggest,propose,order,advise,insist,demand等賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should）do???TomasterMandarin,IstronglysuggestyoupracticewithChinesepeople.（2015四川高考書(shū)面表達(dá)）without/butfor/butthat?含蓄型虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表“要不是??”Withoutyourhelp,wecouldn'thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.備考技巧2提升訓(xùn)練一．句子綜合訓(xùn)練。根據(jù)要求完成下列句子。Ididn'trealizethemistakeuntilIgrowup.（用強(qiáng)調(diào)句強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)）Thechildrencangrowuptobementallyandphysicallyhealthyonlyinthisway.（倒裝句）Thatwelovepeaceisknowntoall.（變?yōu)閕t引導(dǎo)的形式主語(yǔ)）Thoughourcountryisrich,thequalitiesofourlivingarebynomeanssatisfactory（.將從句倒裝）Youshouldtrytofindabetterway.Thenyouwillmakegreaterprogress.改為祈使句）Weshouldtakesomemeasures.Thatisnecessary.改為Itis+adj....結(jié)構(gòu)）Iwasbusyworking.Atthattime,myunclecame.（用when連接兩個(gè)分句）Justwhentheperformanceswasover,weleftthetheatre.（用themoment連接兩個(gè)分句）Yourperformancewaswonderful.Iwasdeeplyimpressed.（用so...that...連接句子）Thetechnologyisdevelopingquickly.Wecanlivelongerinthefuture.（用with結(jié)構(gòu)連接句子）Hewonthegame.Wewereverysurprised.（用what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句）Hedidn'trealizethathehadwastedmuchtimeplayingcomputergamesuntilhefailedintheexam.（用倒裝句）13.1haven'ttime,soIwillnotattendyourparty.（用if虛擬語(yǔ)氣改寫(xiě)）HispoemsnotonlyhaveastronginfluenceonChineseliterature,butalsotheyhavebeentranslatedintomanyforeignlanguages.（notonly放句首倒裝）Wereallylookforwardtoyourparticipationbecauseit'sagoodchanceforyoutolearnthenaturalknowledgeofChina.（強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)）Wespendthetimeandenergyonthepresentthatmakesitvaluableratherthanthemoneywepay.（強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)）LookattheterriblesituationI'min.Ididn'ttakeyouradvice.（用shouldhave虛擬語(yǔ)氣改寫(xiě)）ItwaspitythatIdidn'tfollowyouradvice.（用ifonly虛擬語(yǔ)氣改寫(xiě)）Agroupofyoungmenrushedout,stilldiscussingtheperformancewithgreatenthusiasm.（用倒裝句改寫(xiě)）Youaresokindandconsideratethatwehopetobefriendswithyouwhereveryouare.（用倒裝句改寫(xiě)）題目一【答案】ItwasnotuntilIgrowupthatIrealizedthemistake．Onlyinthiswaycanthechildrengrowuptobementallyandphysicallyhealthy.Itisknowntoallthatwelovepeace.Richasourcountryis,thequalitiesofourlivingarebynomeanssatisfactory.Trytofindabetterwayandyouwillmakegreaterprogress.Itisnecessarythatweshouldtakesomemeasures.Iwasbusyworkingwhenmyunclecame.Weleftthetheatrethemomenttheperformanceswasover.YourperformancewassowonderfulthatIwasdeeplyimpressed.Withthetechnologydevelopingquickly,wecanlivelongerinthefuture.Whatsurprisedussomuchwasthathewonthegame.Notuntilhefailedintheexamdidherealizethathehadwastedmuchtimeplayingcomputergames.IfIhadtime,Iwouldattendyourparty.NotonlydohispoemshaveastronginfluenceonChineseliterature,butalsotheyhavebeentranslatedintomanyforeignlanguages.Itisbecauseit'sagoodchanceforyoutolearnthenaturalknowledgeofChinathatwereallylookforwardtoyourparticipationItisthetimeandenergywespendonthepresentthatmakesitvaluableratherthanthemoneywepay.LookattheterriblesituationI'min.Ishouldhavetakenyouradvice.IfonlyIhadfollowedyouradvice.Outrushedagroupofyoungmen,stilldiscussingtheperformancewithgreatenthusiasm.Sokindandconsiderateareyouthatwehopetobefriendswithyouwhereveryouare.二．閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫(xiě)，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。請(qǐng)盡量使用各種句式技巧。StevewasthemostamazingpersoninallofMinneapolis,andhewasmycousin.Bytheageof19,StevewasastarbaseballplayerattheUniversityofMinnesota.Iwantedtobeexactlylikehim.SowhenSteveaskedmetogowithhimonaspringfishingtripinnorthernMinnesota,Iwasexcited!Afterplanningthetrip,wegatheredclothesandsupplies,andbeganourgreatadventure.WereachedtheSuperiorNationalForestinnorthernMinnesotabyearlyevening.Onourwaytothecampsite,Stevepointedtoasmallhousefarawayinoneofthemountains,sayingthatitwastherangerstation（護(hù)林站）wheretheforesterworked.Finally,afteralongwalk,wereachedthecampsiteandsetupthecampasthesunwassetting.Steveknewallthetricksofanexperiencedwildernesscamper.Afterwegatheredenoughwoodfromtheforest,hestartedthecampfireusingonlystoneandsteel—noParagraph2:Suddenly,weheardanoiseintheforest.Paragraph2:Suddenly,weheardanoiseintheforest.-driedbeef,wildriceandpeasoup.Iategreedilymatches.Forsupperwefeastedonfreezeafterallthatwork.-driedbeef,wildriceandpeasoup.IategreedilyTiredenough,weclimbedintooursleepingbagsearlyandtalkedaboutourplansforfishingthenextday.Wewerestilltalkingquietlywhenasuddennorthwindpickedup;thetemperaturedroppedanditbegantosnow.Stevefoundawaytoincreasethetemperatureinsidethetent.Hedraggedalog（原木）fromtheforesttotheoppositesideofthecampfire.Thenhewrappedaluminumfoil（鋁箔）aroundthelog.Theheatfromthefirereflectedoffthefoilandintothetent.Soonimagesoflakefishwerefillingmydreams.Thesnowhadstopped,butsometimelaterapowerfulwindmusthavekickeduptheflamesofourdyingfire.IwasabruptlyawakenedbySteve.Ourtentwasonfire.Frightened,Iranoutofthetentimmediately.ThetentcollapsedwithSteveinside.Withoutanythoughtofendangeringmyself,Ireachedintotheburningtentandpulledhimtotheicylake.Fortunately,wewerenotseriouslyhurt.注意:所續(xù)寫(xiě)短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；至少使用5個(gè)短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)；續(xù)寫(xiě)部分分為兩段，每段的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已為你寫(xiě)好；續(xù)寫(xiě)完成后，請(qǐng)用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)。Paragraph1:Later,aswestoodbytheburningtenttokeepwarm,weconsideredourdifficultsituation.題目二【答案】Onepossibleversion:Later,aswestoodbytheburningtenttokeepwarm,weconsideredourdifficultsituation.Ourcampsitewasinthedeepoftheforest,reallyfarawayfromthehighway.Wewereinthemiddleofnowhere,wearingonlyunderwear,withoursuppliesburntintoashes,includingourcellphones.EvenStevewasunsurewhattodonext.Theonlythingwecoulddowasjustsittinginthecoldairandwonderinghowtogetoutoftheforest.Suddenly,weheardanoiseintheforest.Anxiouslywelistenedandstaredintothedarkness.Ajeepappeared.Aforesterhadspottedthelightfromthefireandhadcometohaveacheck.IntothewarmvehiclejumpedSteveandsodidI.Thentheforesterdroveustotherangerstation,whereweweregivenclothesandwereabletocallourparents.SteveandIhadmanymorecampingadventuresfromthenon,butitwasonthistripthatStevebegantotreatmemorelikeafriendandequal,ratherthanayoungercousin.Ourfriendshiphascontinuedtothisday.豐富寫(xiě)作細(xì)節(jié)的技巧手段近幾年隨著高考新寫(xiě)作概寫(xiě)和續(xù)寫(xiě)的引入，書(shū)面表達(dá)的開(kāi)放性也越來(lái)越大。如果只是做一些簡(jiǎn)單機(jī)械的翻譯或者忙亂無(wú)章地套用模版，不僅字?jǐn)?shù)可能不夠，而且會(huì)讓文章讀起來(lái)空洞生硬。因此考生平時(shí)在訓(xùn)練書(shū)面表達(dá)時(shí)，需要積累寫(xiě)作材料，學(xué)會(huì)在邏輯合理的情況下適當(dāng)?shù)爻鋵?shí)細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容。一篇優(yōu)秀的書(shū)面表達(dá)，不僅要做到把話(huà)寫(xiě)清楚說(shuō)明白、把意思清晰完整地表達(dá)、注意行文之間的連貫和過(guò)渡外，還要用之前章節(jié)所講的內(nèi)容技巧對(duì)文章進(jìn)行潤(rùn)色和加工，這樣就會(huì)展現(xiàn)考生良好的遣詞造句的能力。以下是常見(jiàn)的幾種豐富語(yǔ)言細(xì)節(jié)的方法：（一）.追加成分,豐滿(mǎn)文句

要點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)上是當(dāng)?shù)卦黾雍虾踹壿嫷母郊映煞?，如定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、非謂語(yǔ)、獨(dú)立主格等結(jié)構(gòu)。這些可以幫助考生更清晰、準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)主題。這里列舉例子一二。具體寫(xiě)作技巧的運(yùn)用請(qǐng)?jiān)斠?jiàn)本專(zhuān)題的前幾期學(xué)案。以下的例子學(xué)生們可以先自己嘗試豐富細(xì)節(jié)，再看參考答案。1.添加修飾例1：Iwilltakepartinsomesocialactivities.—>Ifpossible,IwilltakepartinsomesocialactivitiessothatIcangetmorefamiliarwiththesociety.（添加狀語(yǔ)從句）例2：IsuggestthattheteachershouldchoosemoreEnglishfilms.TAsayoungstudent,IsuggestthattheteachershouldpickoutmoreEnglishfilmsthatappealtousteenagers,thusmakingEnglishlearningmoreamusing.（添加定語(yǔ)從句和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）例3ItsChineseLiteraturemajorisperfectforyou.（2018北京高考書(shū)面表達(dá)）TItsChineseLiteraturemajorisperfectforyou,whereyoucanbecompletelysoakedinChineseprofoundhistoryandabundantculture.（添加定語(yǔ)從句）例4：Undoubtedly,it'seasyformetocommunicatewithforeigners.（2018浙江咼考書(shū)面表達(dá)）TThereisnodoubtthatthereisnotanyproblemformetocommunicatewithforeigners.（添力口同位語(yǔ)從句）2.變換句式例1：Thequalityoflifehasimprovedandweregardedwatchingfilmsasagoodmeansofentertainment.（2017江辦咼考書(shū)面表達(dá)）TThequalityoflifehasimprovedandweregardedwatchingfilmsasagoodmeansofentertainment.（主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)）例2：Accordingtotheschool,alargenumberofpaper-cuttingworksbyexpertsthroughoutChinawillbeonshow.（2017全國(guó)二卷書(shū)面表達(dá)）—TIt'ssaidthatalargenumberofpaper-cuttingworksbyexpertsthroughoutChinawillbeonshow.（it作形式主語(yǔ)）例3:ThemomentwhenIaskedthemtohaveatrythemselvescamenext.（2018北京咼考書(shū)面表達(dá)）—TNextcamethemomentwhenIaskedthemtohaveatrythemselves.（倒裝句）例4：I'velearnedhowtobalancestudywithlifewiththehelpofmyteachers.—TIt'swiththehelpofmyteachersthatI'velearnedhowtobalancestudywithlife.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）（二）.補(bǔ)加語(yǔ)句，充實(shí)內(nèi)容根據(jù)行文走向，是當(dāng)?shù)卦黾右恍┡c主題相關(guān)的語(yǔ)句，或由要點(diǎn)衍生的句子，既能起到前引后聯(lián)的作用，又能補(bǔ)充一些相關(guān)信息，幫助內(nèi)容的消化。列舉具體的事例來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明例1：Ilikesportsverymuch.tIamkeenonsports,suchasbasketballandfootball.例2：Weteenagersshouldtrytoprotecttheenvironmentandsavetheearth.tWeteenagersshouldtrytoprotecttheenvironmentandsavetheearth.Forexample,wecanuserecyclablebagsinsteadofplasticones,refusedisposableproducts,plantmoretreesandsavewaterandenergy.添加與所給信息相關(guān)的神態(tài)、動(dòng)作、心理描寫(xiě)和寫(xiě)作背景等內(nèi)容例1：Aftersupper,themanwenttohisbedroom.tAfterarichmeal,thefatmanslowlymadehiswaytohisbedroom.（神態(tài)、動(dòng)作）例2：Iwentswimmingintheriverwestofthevillagenowandthen.tIwentswimmingintheriverwestofthevillagenowandthen.Thewaterintheriverwasverycrystalclear.（背景渲染）例3：Ifoundsomebadbehavior.tIwasquitedisappointedtofindsomedisgustingbehavior.（心理）結(jié)尾發(fā)揮，表達(dá)你的感受、評(píng)價(jià)、愿望、倡議等。例1：WhileIstoodallthewayhome,IfeltverycontentwithwhatIdid.例2：Frommyperspective,suchactivitiesarenecessaryandrewarding.例3：Additionally,ifshe'dliketolearnChinese,Iwillbemorethandelightedtogiveherassistance.例4：Witheveryone'scontributions,wecanturnourschoolintoacomfor