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熱點03七選五【命題趨勢】在一篇約300詞的說明文中留出五個空白,要求考生從七個備選項(以完整句子形式出現(xiàn))中選出最佳選項,使補全后的短文意思通順、前后連貫。本題型主要考查考生對文章的整體內(nèi)容和篇章結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握?!緷M分技巧】一、解題時要考慮的要點考慮句間關(guān)系句間關(guān)系指的是:邏輯關(guān)系、語法關(guān)系和詞語關(guān)系。七選五題的特征是:在備選句子中與空白前后的句子一定有明顯的相同或相關(guān)詞、短語,來明示前后句之間的關(guān)系。因此在做此類題目時,弄清楚備選句子與空白處的前、后句所蘊含的某些關(guān)系即可解題。這一點在解題時首先考慮,應(yīng)用得最多??紤]句段關(guān)系句段關(guān)系指的是句子與所在段之間的關(guān)系或與上下兩段之間的關(guān)系??紤]句篇關(guān)系句篇關(guān)系指的是與整個語篇結(jié)構(gòu)有關(guān)的選句填空。主要從文章主旨的確定和開頭段、結(jié)尾段的作用這二個角度考慮。二、解題步驟瀏覽試題,確定主旨和段意拿到試題后,先大致瀏覽并準(zhǔn)確理解選項及短文,確定短文主旨及各段大意。B.找準(zhǔn)關(guān)系先圈劃較明顯,較易判斷的關(guān)系。不僅要圈劃空格前后句,也要圈劃備選項句之間所蘊含的關(guān)系。諸如因果關(guān)系、順序關(guān)系等。復(fù)查復(fù)查主要包括以下方面:是否與文章、段落主旨相符;是否符合邏輯關(guān)系;細(xì)節(jié)。如前文提到的冠詞、時態(tài)、代詞的指代等?!炯记蓱?yīng)用】面以《2018年高考英語卷二》為例來闡述《滿分技巧》的實際應(yīng)用:原題(這是一篇介紹晨練好處的說明文)Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.36Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.37Yourmetabolism(新陳代謝)getsaheadstart.38Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie(卡路里[burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.40Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.Ifyou'replanningtodoexerciseregularly,ordoingitnow,thenlistenup!應(yīng)用G【解析】運用順序關(guān)系和行文習(xí)慣確定G項一定處于文章和選項排列順序的最前面。依據(jù)是:listenup=MayIhaveattention(注意了),它是提醒人們注意下文的用語。據(jù)此確定36空答案為G。E【解析】運用詞語關(guān)系確定37空答案為E。依據(jù)是:37空前一句中的“makesyoumoreawake”與E項中的“keepyourheadclear”詞義接近。據(jù)此確定37空答案為E。38.F【解析】運用詞語關(guān)系確定38空答案為F。依據(jù)是:38空后一句中的“calorieburning”與F項中的“burncalories”詞義接近。據(jù)此確定38空答案為F。

39.B【解析】運用詞語關(guān)系確定39空答案為B。依據(jù)是:39空后一句中的“sleptbetter”與B項中的“qualityofsleepimproves.”詞義有關(guān)聯(lián)。據(jù)此確定39空答案為B。40.A【解析】運用詞語關(guān)系確定40空答案為A。依據(jù)是:40空后一句中的“sticktohealthyfood”與A項中的“sticktoyourdiet”詞義一致。據(jù)此確定39空答案為A。補充:由于D項表達(dá)的意思與本短文主題相反,因此不能作為答案。C項是迷惑性最強的干擾項。由于C項表達(dá)人們對于不同飲食的喜好,這與本短文主題無關(guān),因此也不能作為答案。啟示:排除干擾項的依據(jù)是看它是否與本文主題,或某段意思相符。解題時,首先考慮的是句間關(guān)系,其它關(guān)系次之。A【熱點話題】閱讀、健康、運動、社會熱點、垃圾分類等A話題:零用錢難度:★★建議用時:7分【限時檢測】(建議用時:30分鐘)(浙江臺州市2019-2020學(xué)年度高三年模擬考試題)Therearemanythingswerememberfromourchildhood—thegamesweplayed,themusicwelistenedto...butwhataboutearningpocketmoney?Thiswasourfirsteverwageforcompletingtaskssuchastidyingourbedroomorsortingthelaundry.Ourrewardwasahandfulofcoinsthatwesafelystored.Therewasatimewhencashwasthemaincurrencyforfinancialtransactions(交易).Thesedays,though,usingcreditcards,ormakingcashlesspayments,arethemostconvenientwaysofpaying.32Researchhasfoundthat84%ofBritishparentscurrentlygivenotesandcoinstotheirchildren—usually7poundsaweekasanallowance.Butbankspredictthatby2028onlyoneintentransactionswillbewithcash,andthatit'ssomethingtoday'schildrenwillhavetodealwith.Oneissueisthatchildrenmaynotunderstandthevalueofcashbecausetheyneverseeit.33Theyeithershouldfindanewwaytohandoutpocketmoney,orneedn'tbothertopayitatall.Still,solutionsareavailable.Givingchildrenlessonsatschoolaboutfinanceisimportant.34Thetrickistogoandgetsomecoinssothatchildrenhavetheopportunitytointeractwiththem.Besides,bankaccountsforolderchildrencanbeopenedtogivethemcashcardstouse.Whatevermethodaparentchoosestoadopt,theirchildrenwillgetsomeideaofthevalueofpocketmoney.35Parentsfaceadilemmatoo.This,inturn,makesthebuyingmucheasier.Theyhavecompletelytakentheplaceofcash.Sohowdoparentshandoutpocketmoneyatpresent?Butparentsneedtoteachtheirkidsthatmoneydoesn'tgrowontrees!Butnow,itseemsthatparents'attitudetohandingoutcashischanging.Andparentsareadvisedtogetchildrenstartedwithmoneyasyoungaspossible.【文章大意】在現(xiàn)金逐漸減少流通情況下,本文就怎樣讓孩子們盡早認(rèn)識錢的價值和怎樣給孩子零用錢展開說明。F【解析】運用句段關(guān)系確定F項為答案。依據(jù)是:緊接空白后的第一段敘述:在目前現(xiàn)金逐漸減少流通情況下,人們?nèi)匀灰袁F(xiàn)金方式給零用錢,第二段預(yù)測:2028年后,給零用錢的方式發(fā)生了變化并帶來了問題。這兩段中的“84%ofBritishparentscurrentlygivenotesandcoins”和“by2028onlyoneintentransactionswillbewithcash”也暗示了這種變化。F項用在此處,起承上啟下的作用。據(jù)此確定31空答案為F。D【解析】運用邏輯關(guān)系確定D項為答案。依據(jù)是:此空后一句中的“parentscurrentlygivenotesandcoinstotheirchildren—usually7poundsaweekasanallowance.”與D項中的"howdoparentshandoutpocketmoneyatpresent”是問答關(guān)系。據(jù)此確定32空答案為D。A【解析】運用語法關(guān)系確定A項為答案。依據(jù)是:根據(jù)此空后一句中的"handoutpocketmoney給零用錢”和常理可知該句的主語應(yīng)該是長輩(用了they),再根據(jù)語法關(guān)系可知they代替了A項中的"Parents”。Either...or也表達(dá)了給零用錢方面的艱難選擇,這與A項中的"faceadilemma面臨進退兩難"也形成了語義相近的關(guān)系。據(jù)此確定33空答案為A。G【解析】運用詞語關(guān)系確定G項為答案。依據(jù)是:此空后一句中的“childrenhavetheopportunitytointeractwiththem(coins)”與G項中的“getchildrenstartedwithmoneyasyoungaspossible.讓孩子盡早接觸錢”的語義相關(guān)。據(jù)此確定34空答案為G。E【解析】運用句段關(guān)系確定E項為答案。依據(jù)是:此空所在段第二句中的“Givingchildrenlessonsaboutfinance(它是本段的主題)",后面緊接說明應(yīng)該盡早讓孩子接觸錢以便了解錢的價值。與E項中的“teachtheirkidsthatmoneydoesn'tgrowontrees!”雖然意思與前一句不同,但其意思也是讓孩子對錢有個正確認(rèn)識,這是金錢教育的一方面,這一點與本段主題契合。據(jù)此確定35空答案為E?!军c睛】B、C項所表達(dá)的意思與零用錢和關(guān)于金錢方面的教育無關(guān),因此不可作為答案。B(浙江“七彩陽光”2020屆新高考研究聯(lián)盟高三12月適應(yīng)性考試英語試題)話題:積極的閱讀習(xí)慣難度:★★建議用時:7分HowtoFormaPositiveReadingHabitBooksareasourceofjoy,learningsinsightandimagination.Howwechoosewhattoreadsaysalotaboutourpreferencesandpassions.31Giveoldfavoritesare-readThereisaparticularkindofpleasurethatcomeswitheasingopenawell-wornbook,flippingthroughpages

youhavethumbedbefore,maybemultipletimes.32Itcanbringyoubacktothetimeinyourlifewhenyoulastmetthosecharacters—You'releftwitharichreflectiononwhoyouwere,whoyouareandwhereyouturnformeaningandinspiration.LearningsomethingnewIfyouarealoverofnovels,thinkaboutwhatyourfavouriteshaveincommon.33Thatcansendyoudownagloriousrabbitholeofno-fictionbooksthatwillbrightenyourunderstandingoftimes,placesandpeoplewhoalreadyliveinyourimagination.34Bookclubsarepositiveonsomanylevels,notleastofwhichisthattheyopenyourmindtobooksyoumightnototherwisehaveconsidered.Ifyoudon'tbelongtoone—andevenifyoudo—trytothinkaboutyourreadingchoicesinapublicway.Askyourfriendswhattheyarereadingandgowithanyrecommendationsthatinterestyou.GiveyourselfpermissiontomoveonSometimesyoujustcan'tgetthroughabook—andthat'sokay.Justlikelivingpositivelymeansacknowledgingwhenit'stimetoletgoofsomethingthatisn'tservingyouwell,readingpositivelymeansgivingyourselfpermissiontocloseabookthatisn'tkeepingyouinterestedorinspired.35Thepositivepleasureofreadingisindeedunending.Getsocial.Setupabookclub.Thereareunlimitedchoicestoturntoinstead,afterall.Herearesometipsformakingreadingapositivehabitinyourlife.Readingbooksthatyouenjoyhelpsmaintainyourhabitandbecomealife-longreader.Re-readingfavoritebookscandomorethanbringyoubackintobelovedworldsandstories.Aparticulartimeinhistory,regionoftheworldortypeofcharactermaybecomeanewtheme.文章大意】本文闡述了養(yǎng)成積極閱讀習(xí)慣的建議。D【解析】運用句段關(guān)系確定D項為答案。依據(jù)是:空白后所有小標(biāo)題及敘述內(nèi)容都是相關(guān)建議。因此D項用在此處,起承上啟下的作用。另外D項中的“tips建議"也與下文所有小標(biāo)題(都表達(dá)建議)有語義接近的關(guān)系。據(jù)此確定31空答案為D。F【解析】運用詞語關(guān)系確定F項為答案。依據(jù)是:第一小標(biāo)題中的“re-read”與F項中的“Re-reading”形成了語義相同的關(guān)系。設(shè)空后所敘述的內(nèi)容也是“重讀已讀過內(nèi)容”才能發(fā)生的事情,這一點再次與“Re-reading”構(gòu)成語義相同的關(guān)系。據(jù)此確定32空答案為F。G【解析】運用詞語關(guān)系確定G項為答案。依據(jù)是:第二小標(biāo)題中的“Learningsomethingnew”與G項中的“anewtheme"形成了語義相關(guān)的關(guān)系。另外,本小標(biāo)題的建議是'書讀多了,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)書都有共同之處;當(dāng)已讀的內(nèi)容再次成為新的主題時,這些共同之處會使你更好的理解學(xué)習(xí)它。據(jù)此確定33空答案為G。A【解析】運用句段關(guān)系和詞語關(guān)系確定A項為答案。依據(jù)是:設(shè)空處后的段落主題是:參與交際場合下的閱讀。還因為此段中的“club,inpublicway,friends”都與“交際”意義相關(guān)。這就與選項A中的“Getsocial”形成語義相關(guān)的關(guān)系。據(jù)此確定34空答案為A。C運用邏輯關(guān)系確定C項為答案。依據(jù)是:根據(jù)邏輯,能銜接設(shè)空處前一句“givingyourselfpermissiontocloseabookthatisn'tkeepingyouinterestedorinspired.允許放棄你不感興趣的書”和后一句“Thepositivepleasureofreadingisunending.”的句子只有C項“Thereareunlimitedchoicestoturntoinstead,afterall.畢竟可以替代的選擇是很多的",因為這個句子既表明可放棄不喜歡的書又表明閱讀的樂趣不會因此終結(jié)。據(jù)此確定35空答案為C。【易錯警示】B項是迷惑性很強的干擾項。它用在34空是不對的,因為“Setabookclob建立讀書俱樂部”與此段中的“ifyoudon'tbelongtoone—andevenifyoudo如果你不屬于或者屬于某個讀書俱樂咅『不符。E項用在35空是錯的,因為E項所表達(dá)得意思與副標(biāo)題中“moveon(結(jié)束某活動后)改做別事"的意思不符。C(黑龍江哈三中2019-2020學(xué)年度上學(xué)期第三次調(diào)研考試)話題:鍛煉項目難度:★★建議用時:8分Oneofthebiggestreasonspeopledropanexerciseprogramislackofinterest.36Thegoodnewsisthattherearetonsofdifferentsportsandactivitiestotrytoseewhichonetoinspireyou.Whenpickingtherighttypeofexercise,itcanhelptoconsideryourworkoutpersonality.37Ifso,solosportslikerunning,biking,orsnowboardingcouldbeforyou.Ordoyoulikethesharedmotivationandcompanionshipthatcomefrombeingpartofateam?Schoolsports,clubteams,andpick-upgamesaregreatwaystostayactivewithothers.38You'dbetterconsiderwhetheryourchosenactivityisaffordableandavailabletoyou.You'llalsothinkabouthowmuchtimeyoucansetasideforyoursport.It'sagoodideatotalktosomeonewhounderstandstheexercise,likeacoachorfitnessexpertatagym.39Doctorsknowthatmostpeoplebenefitfromregularexercise,eventhosewithdisabilities.Ifyouhaveahealthproblemorotherconcern,talktoyourdoctorbeforebeginningailexerciseplan.Consideringthebenefitstotheheart,muscles,jointsandmind,it'seasytoseewhyexerciseiswise.40Evensmallthingscancountwhenyou'restartingout—liketakingashortbikeride,walkingthedog,orrakingleaves.Ifwhatyou'redoingisn'tfun,it'shardtokeepitup.Youalsoneedtoplanaroundpracticalconsiderations.Butdoyouknowthatitcanactuallyhelpyoufeelgood.Thenyougiveyourhearttothiskindofworkoutregularly.Heorshecangetyoustartedonaprogramthat'srightforyou.Andthegreatthingaboutexerciseisthatit'snevertoolatetostart.Forexample,doyouliketoworkoutaloneandonyourownschedule?【文章大意】本文闡述了如何選擇適合自己的鍛煉項目。A【解析】運用詞語關(guān)系確定A項為答案。依據(jù)是:空白后句中的“l(fā)ackofinterest:”與A項中的"isn'tfun”形成語義相同的關(guān)系。另外,空白前句中的"dropanexerciseprogram”與A項中的"hardtokeepitup”也形成語義相近的關(guān)系。據(jù)此確定36空答案為A。G【解析】運用詞語關(guān)系確定G項為答案。依據(jù)是:空白前句中的"solosports單人運動”與G項中的“workoutalone獨立鍛煉”形成語義相近的關(guān)系。據(jù)此確定37空答案為G。B【解析】運用詞語關(guān)系確定B項為答案。依據(jù)是:空白后句中的'considerwhetheryourchosenactivityisaffordableandavailabletoyou”與B項中的“needtoplanaroundpracticalconsiderations需要考慮實際情況制定計劃”形成語義相關(guān)的關(guān)系。據(jù)此確定38空答案為B。E【解析】運用語法關(guān)系確定E項為答案。依據(jù)是:空白后句中的"acoachorfitnessexpertatagym.”與E項中的"Heorshe”形成指代關(guān)系。另外空白前句中的"understandstheexercise”與E項中的"aprogramthat'srightforyou”也形成語義相關(guān)的關(guān)系。據(jù)此確定39空答案為E。40.F【解析】運用詞語關(guān)系確定F項為答案。依據(jù)是:空白后句中的"startingout”與F項中的"start”形成語義相同關(guān)系。另外F項是激勵人們馬上開始做某事的用語??瞻浊熬浣榻B鍛煉的各種好處,據(jù)行文習(xí)慣,緊接著就應(yīng)該激勵人們?nèi)バ袆悠饋怼?jù)此確定40空答案為F。D(黑龍江省大慶實驗中學(xué)2019-2020學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題)話題:四種增強新信息記憶的策略難度:★★建議用時:8分UsefulMemoryStrategiesFormassociationsbetweennewandrememberedinformation.Ifyoucanlinknewideaswithpreviouslyestablishedones,then,youcanincreasethechancethatnewmemorieswillbeformed.Trycomingupwithafamiliarpicture,song,joke,orrhyme.36Formapictureinyourmindthatincludesthenewfact.37Itmaybeboring,butsimplyrepeatingnewinformationoverandoverindifferentwayswillhelpitstickinyourbrainbetter,especiallyifyouspaceouttherepetitionovertime.Forexample,ifyou'retryingtorememberthedefinitionofanewword,readitseveraltimestoyourself.Thenspeakthedefinitionoutloudacoupletimes,andtrywritingitdownonceortwice.Teachsomeoneelsetheinformationyou'retryingtolearn.Teachingotherscanhelpyourememberandunderstandthingsbetter.Findaclassmateorco-workerwhoneedstolearnthesameinformation,formastudygroup,andtaketurnsteachingeachotherdifferentconcepts.38!Testyourselfafterlearningsomethingnew.32Youhavetoactuallypracticefindingtheinformationfromyourmemoryinordertostrengthentheconnectionswithinyourbrain.40Inthisway,youcanmakesureyou'vegotthemright.Ifyouanswersomethingwrong,youwillbemorelikelytorememberitincorrectlyinthefutureaswell,soinstantlycorrectyourselfandrepeattherightanswerafewmoretimes.Besuretoimmediatelycheckyouranswers.Makesurethatthebasicinformationisright.Andyoucanassociateth

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