感官評(píng)價(jià)分析專業(yè)課件

ABC1-SensoryAnalysis感官分析-FactorsInfluencingSensoryMeasurement

影響感官測(cè)定的因素-ProceduresForSmelling&Tasting

聞味和嘗味的程序-ControlsForSensoryTesting

對(duì)感官測(cè)試的控制-MethodsofSensoryTests&theApplication

感官測(cè)試的方法及其應(yīng)用CONTENT2WhatisSensoryAnalysis?

什么是感官分析SensoryAnalysisisascientificdisciplineusedtoevoke,measure,analyzeandinterpretreactionstothosecharacteristicsoffoodsandmaterialsastheyareperceivedbythesensesof:感官分析是一門(mén)科學(xué)，用來(lái)喚起、測(cè)量、分析和詮釋對(duì)于食物和原料特質(zhì)的反應(yīng)如以下感覺(jué)：Sight視覺(jué)Smell嗅覺(jué)Taste味覺(jué)Touch觸覺(jué)

Hearing聽(tīng)覺(jué)3textureMouthfeelsmelldefectsviscositycolorsizeshapetasteKinestheticFlavorAppearanceSensoryanalysisisaboutcollectingdatafromhumanassessorstounderstandwhattheyperceivedwhenexposedtoaproduct感官分析是從人體感覺(jué)器官收集數(shù)據(jù)，進(jìn)而了解它們是如何感知產(chǎn)品的Humanareusedasmeasuringinstrument.

人類作為測(cè)量的儀器WhatisSensoryAnalysis?

什么是感官分析4TheSenseofSmell

嗅覺(jué)OlfactoryNerve

嗅神經(jīng)TrigeminalNerve三叉神經(jīng)Aroma香氣:OdourofProduct產(chǎn)品的氣味(nasalroute)順鼻腔路徑Aroma香氣

(retronasalroute)逆鼻腔路徑5ProceduresForSmelling

聞香的程序Repeatedshortorlonghardsniffs. 或長(zhǎng)或短地重復(fù)用力吸氣Sniffsamenumberoftimesrestinginbetweeneachseries 每次休息時(shí)吸氣次數(shù)保持一致Solidsorsemi-solidsshouldbestirredorbrokeninordertoexposetoafreshsurface 固體或半固體應(yīng)攪拌或破碎以提供新鮮的表面6TheSenseofTaste

味覺(jué)Bitter苦味Acidic酸味Salty咸味Sweet甜味Umami鮮味7ProceduresForTasting

嘗味的程序Liquids液體Sameamountforeachjudge數(shù)量一致Tastesmallsipsandrollaroundmouthtoactivatealltastebudareas 啜飲以激活所有的味蕾Orslurpsothatliquidissprayeduniformlythroughoutthemouth 或咕嘟咕嘟地喝，使液體均勻分布在口腔Rinsemouthcarefullywithwaterorhaveabiteofcracker 仔細(xì)地漱口或者咬一口蘇打餅干8ProceduresForTasting

嘗味的程序Solids固體Takesmallmouthfeelsorpiecesaroundthetonguetoactivatealltastebudareas 取小塊品嘗，繞舌一圈，以激活所有的味蕾Rinseandrestbetweensamplestoavoidcarry-overorfatigue 品嘗不同樣品間要漱口和休息一下，以避免味道殘留或味覺(jué)疲勞9HumanasmeasuringInstrument

人類作為測(cè)量?jī)x器SensoryStimulus

感官刺激Response反應(yīng)Senseorgan感覺(jué)器官Sensation感覺(jué)Memory記憶Expectation期望Motivation動(dòng)力Brain大腦Perception知覺(jué)109、人的價(jià)值，在招收誘惑的一瞬間被決定。2023/2/32023/2/3Friday,February3,202310、低頭要有勇氣，抬頭要有低氣。2023/2/32023/2/32023/2/32/3/20234:31:40PM11、人總是珍惜為得到。2023/2/32023/2/32023/2/3Feb-2303-Feb-2312、人亂于心，不寬余請(qǐng)。2023/2/32023/2/32023/2/3Friday,February3,202313、生氣是拿別人做錯(cuò)的事來(lái)懲罰自己。2023/2/32023/2/32023/2/32023/2/32/3/202314、抱最大的希望，作最大的努力。03二月20232023/2/32023/2/32023/2/315、一個(gè)人炫耀什么，說(shuō)明他內(nèi)心缺少什么。。二月232023/2/32023/2/32023/2/32/3/202316、業(yè)余生活要有意義，不要越軌。2023/2/32023/2/303February202317、一個(gè)人即使已登上頂峰，也仍要自強(qiáng)不息。2023/2/32023/2/32023/2/32023/2/3HumanasmeasuringInstrument

人類作為測(cè)量?jī)x器Thestimulushitsthesenseorganandisconvertedtoanervesignalwhichtravelstothebrain;thebrainthenorganizesandintegratestheincomingsensationintoperceptionswiththecontributionofpastexperience;lastlyaresponseisformulatedbasedonthesubjects’perceptions感官受到刺激，將其轉(zhuǎn)化為神經(jīng)信號(hào)傳輸?shù)酱竽X；大腦根據(jù)以往的經(jīng)驗(yàn)將感覺(jué)組織整合為知覺(jué).；最終，基于主體的知覺(jué)而形成反應(yīng)129、人的價(jià)值，在招收誘惑的一瞬間被決定。2023/2/32023/2/3Friday,February3,202310、低頭要有勇氣，抬頭要有低氣。2023/2/32023/2/32023/2/32/3/20234:31:40PM11、人總是珍惜為得到。2023/2/32023/2/32023/2/3Feb-2303-Feb-2312、人亂于心，不寬余請(qǐng)。2023/2/32023/2/32023/2/3Friday,February3,202313、生氣是拿別人做錯(cuò)的事來(lái)懲罰自己。2023/2/32023/2/32023/2/32023/2/32/3/202314、抱最大的希望，作最大的努力。03二月20232023/2/32023/2/32023/2/315、一個(gè)人炫耀什么，說(shuō)明他內(nèi)心缺少什么。。二月232023/2/32023/2/32023/2/32/3/202316、業(yè)余生活要有意義，不要越軌。2023/2/32023/2/303February202317、一個(gè)人即使已登上頂峰，也仍要自強(qiáng)不息。2023/2/32023/2/32023/2/32023/2/3FactorsInfluencingSensoryMeasurement

影響感官測(cè)定的因素Expectationerror 期望錯(cuò)誤Stimuluserror 刺激錯(cuò)誤Leniencyerror 寬大錯(cuò)誤Proximityerror 近似錯(cuò)誤Centraltendencyerror 中心化錯(cuò)誤14FactorsInfluencingSensoryMeasurement

影響感官測(cè)定的因素Suggestioneffect 暗示效應(yīng)Positionalbias(ordereffect) 位置偏見(jiàn)(順序效應(yīng))Contrasteffectand 對(duì)照效應(yīng)和集中錯(cuò)誤convergenceerror

Motivation 動(dòng)力15Expectationerror期望的錯(cuò)誤Informationgivenwiththesamplemaytriggerpreconceivedideas 樣品附帶的信息可能導(dǎo)致先入為主Stimuluserror刺激的錯(cuò)誤Irrelevantcriteria,suchascolororsizeinfluencetheobserver 無(wú)關(guān)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)如顏色或大小會(huì)影響觀察者FactorsInfluencingSensoryMeasurement

影響感官測(cè)定的因素16Leniencyerror

寬大的錯(cuò)誤Basedontheirfeelingsabouttheresearcher,ignoringproductdifferences

根據(jù)對(duì)研究者的感覺(jué)，而忽略了產(chǎn)品的差異FactorsInfluencingSensoryMeasurement

影響感官測(cè)定的因素Suggestioneffect暗示效應(yīng)Reactionsofothermembersofapanelcaninfluencetheresponseofapanelist

品嘗小組中其他成員的反應(yīng)會(huì)影響測(cè)試者17Positionalbias(ordereffect)位置偏見(jiàn)(順序效應(yīng))Scorethesecondproduct(ofasetofproducts)higherorlowerthanexpected 給一組產(chǎn)品中第二個(gè)產(chǎn)品打分偏高或偏低Contrasteffectandconvergenceerror 對(duì)照效應(yīng)和集中錯(cuò)誤Exaggeratethedifferenceormasksmalldifferencesbetweentheothersamplesintheirscores

夸大或掩蓋樣品間的差異FactorsInfluencingSensoryMeasurement

影響感官測(cè)定的因素18Proximityerror近似的錯(cuò)誤Correlationbetweencharacteristicsclosetogethermaybehigherthanothercharacteristic 相似特征間的關(guān)聯(lián)比其他特征間的關(guān)聯(lián)可能要高一些Centraltendencyerror中心化的錯(cuò)誤Scoringproductsinthemidrangeofascaletoavoidextremes 給產(chǎn)品打分偏中等，以避免極端FactorsInfluencingSensoryMeasurement

影響感官測(cè)定的因素19Motivation動(dòng)力Affectssensoryperception.Ferestedpanelistisalwaysmoreefficientandreliable. 動(dòng)力會(huì)影響感官知覺(jué)。比如感興趣的品嘗小組成員總會(huì)更有效、更可靠。FactorsInfluencingSensoryMeasurement

影響感官測(cè)定的因素20ControlsForSensoryTesting

對(duì)感官測(cè)試的控制EnvironmentControls 環(huán)境的控制PanelistControls 品評(píng)小組的控制21EnvironmentControls

環(huán)境的控制PanelBoothTestingArea

品評(píng)單間的測(cè)試區(qū)域Sensoryevaluationofproducts產(chǎn)品的感官品評(píng)DescriptiveEvaluation&TrainingArea 描述性品評(píng)和培訓(xùn)的區(qū)域Meetingwithpanelist

和品評(píng)小組成員開(kāi)會(huì)PreparationArea&ServingArea準(zhǔn)備和分發(fā)的區(qū)域Samplepreparationandserving 樣品的準(zhǔn)備和分發(fā)OfficeArea辦公區(qū)域Administrativepreparationsoftestsandtheirinterpretation測(cè)試的行政準(zhǔn)備和解釋22PanelBoothTestingArea

品評(píng)單間的測(cè)試區(qū)域Individualbooth單獨(dú)隔開(kāi)的小間Slidingdoor移動(dòng)門(mén)Neutralwallcolor中性的墻壁顏色SinkandTap水槽和龍頭Coloredlightning有顏色的光照Odor-free無(wú)氣味Computer電腦23DescriptiveEvaluation&TrainingArea

描述性品評(píng)和培訓(xùn)區(qū)域Facilitiessimilartobootharea設(shè)備和品評(píng)單間相似Conferencestyletablefor6-12panelists

可坐6-12人的會(huì)議桌Whiteboard,clock

白板，時(shí)鐘Preparationfacilitiesforreferencesamples

準(zhǔn)備參考樣品的設(shè)施24Preparation&ServingArea

準(zhǔn)備和分發(fā)區(qū)域Well-equippedkitchen

設(shè)備良好的廚房Odor-free&ventilated

無(wú)味且通風(fēng)良好Air-conditioned空調(diào)Refrigerator/frozenstoragespace

冰箱/冷凍保存空間Constructionmaterial建筑材料Specializedequipment特殊器材25OfficeArea

辦公區(qū)域Closetopanelbooth

靠近品評(píng)單間Convenienttolocaterecords,storagespace,anycomputerterminal

便于安裝記錄、儲(chǔ)存空間和電腦終端Phone,printeratsufficientdistance電話、打印機(jī)擺放在合理的距離內(nèi)26SensoryAnalysisLaboratory感官分析研究所Mapping(FCA)圖示F1F2FruitéProduitAProduitBProduitCQuantitativeDescriptiveProfile定量的風(fēng)味描述Statistics統(tǒng)計(jì)Blindtests盲試Controlledenvironment控制的環(huán)境27PanelistControl

品評(píng)小組的控制PanelOrientation品評(píng)員的指導(dǎo)Beforeevaluation

品評(píng)前Donotsmokeandconsumesweets,coffeeoranythingwithastrongtasteimmediatelyorlessthan30minutesbeforethetest

測(cè)試前30分鐘內(nèi)不可抽煙，吃糖，喝咖啡或品嘗其他味重的東西Arriveatthetimeagreedforthetest

準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)28PanelistControl

品評(píng)小組的控制PanelOrientation品評(píng)員的指導(dǎo)Beforeevaluation

品評(píng)前Donotusestrongperfume,perfumedafter-shavelotion,perfumedsoap,etc

不要使用濃烈的香水，潤(rùn)膚香水，香皂等Informedimpairedphysicalforme.g..Coldorheadache

身體不適，如感冒或頭痛29PanelistControl

品評(píng)小組的控制PanelOrientation品評(píng)員的指導(dǎo)Duringevaluation測(cè)試中Donottalktocolleaguesduringassessments測(cè)試時(shí)不要和同事說(shuō)話Donotbringextraneousitems,suchasnewspapersintothetestbooth 不要帶無(wú)關(guān)的東西到測(cè)試場(chǎng)所如報(bào)紙等30PanelistControl

品評(píng)小組的控制PanelOrientation品評(píng)員的指導(dǎo)Duringevaluation測(cè)試中Useallthetimeavailableformakingevaluations 用全部的時(shí)間作測(cè)試Panelistarenotallowedtovisitthetestkitchenduringthetest 測(cè)試時(shí)成員不可去測(cè)試準(zhǔn)備室31Analytical分析的NewProductdevelopment新產(chǎn)品研發(fā)

Productmatching產(chǎn)品復(fù)制Productimprovement產(chǎn)品改進(jìn)Processchange工藝改變Storagestability貯存穩(wěn)定性Productgradingandrating

產(chǎn)品分級(jí)和打分Affective情感方面的Consumeracceptance/opinions消費(fèi)者認(rèn)可/意見(jiàn)Consumerpreference消費(fèi)者偏好Methods&Application

方法和應(yīng)用32TheSensorytests感官測(cè)試Descriptivetests描述測(cè)試Quantifieddescriptionofthedifferencesperceivedbetweenproducts 定量地描述產(chǎn)品間的差異Analyticaltests分析測(cè)試Discriminativetests辨別測(cè)試Todetectifthereisadifferencebetweenarangeofproducts 去發(fā)現(xiàn)一組產(chǎn)品中是否有差別Affectivetests情感測(cè)試Hedonic/Preferencetests喜好測(cè)試Tostudypreferencesanddislikesofconsumers

研究消費(fèi)者的喜好和厭惡33成對(duì)喜偏好測(cè)試PairedPreferenceTest姓名(Name):_____________________部門(mén)(Department):_________________Pleaserinseyourmouthwithwaterbeforestarting.Youhavebeengiventwosamples.開(kāi)始前請(qǐng)先漱口。您將品嘗到兩個(gè)樣品Tastetheproductontheleftfirst.Thentastetheproductontheright.Youmayretasteasoftenasyouneedto.先嘗左邊產(chǎn)品,再嘗右邊產(chǎn)品。可以按自己的需要反復(fù)品嘗Circlethenumberofpreferredsample.圈出您喜歡的產(chǎn)品( 157 )

( 468 )

Pleasecommentonthereasonsforyouchoice請(qǐng)說(shuō)明您選擇的理由:

(157 )

(468 ) _____________________________ _______________________________ _____________________________ _______________________________ _____________________________ _______________________________

Hedonic/Preferencetests喜好測(cè)試34排序偏好測(cè)試RankPreferenceTest姓名(Name):____________________部門(mén)(Department):_________________Pleaserinseyourmouthwithwaterbeforestarting,beforeeachsampleandanytimeyouneedto.請(qǐng)?jiān)陂_(kāi)始時(shí),品嘗每個(gè)樣品之間和任何您需要的時(shí)候漱口YouwillreceiveFOURsamples.Pleaserankthemintheorderofyourdegreeofpreference.你會(huì)收到四個(gè)樣品(254,857,359,460),請(qǐng)按照喜歡的程度給它們排序Writetotheverytopthecodeofthesampleyoulikebest(towhichyougivethefirstpositioninthedegreeofpreference)andtotheverybottomthecodeofthesampleyoulikeleast.將您最喜歡產(chǎn)品的編號(hào)寫(xiě)在最上方,最不喜歡的產(chǎn)品寫(xiě)在最下方Markthedegreeofpreferencefortheothersamplesinbetween.Tiesarenotallowed.其余的產(chǎn)品寫(xiě)在中間。不允許存在相互聯(lián)系______________________ 1strankposition

排列位置(mostliked

最喜歡)______________________ 2ndrankposition

排列位置______________________ 3rdrankposition

排列位置______________________ 4thrankposition排列位置(leastliked

最不喜歡)Hedonic/Preferencetests喜好測(cè)試35享樂(lè)型的批分測(cè)試HedonicRatingTest姓名(Name):_____________________部門(mén)(Department):_________________PleasetasteeachsamplefromLEFTtoRIGHT.Pleasedrinkwaterandeatacrackerbetweensamples.請(qǐng)從左到右品嘗每個(gè)樣品。請(qǐng)?jiān)谄穱L樣品之間喝水吃餅干

ConsideringAllcharacteristics(APPEARANCE,FLAVOUR,andTEXTURE).Indicateyouroverallopinionbycirclingonepointonthefollowingscale.考慮所有特征(外觀,風(fēng)味和組織),并圈出能夠反映你整體意見(jiàn)的分值Describewhatyoulikedanddislikedabouteachofthesamples.描述你對(duì)這個(gè)產(chǎn)品有什么喜歡還是不喜歡的地方?( )______________________________________________________________________( )_______________________________________________________________________( )_______________________________________________________________________( )_______________________________________________________________________Hedonic/Preferencetests喜好測(cè)試36EvaluationForm姓名Name 日期Date產(chǎn)品Product

目標(biāo)OBJECTIVE:Toobtaingeneraldescriptionabouttheproductsbasedonthecommentsgivenbythepanellist,andtodeterminethepreferenceamongthesamples,formorethantwosamplesevaluation.INSTRUCTIONS:Youaregivenafewsamples.Pls.describethem,rateyourpreferenceandrankthemaccordingly(Remark:Equalranksarenotallowed.)1-DislikeExtremely非常不喜歡; 6-LikeSlightly有點(diǎn)喜歡;2-DislikeVeryMuch很不喜歡; 7-LikeModerately喜歡;3-DislikeModerately不喜歡; 8-LikeVeryMuch很喜歡;4-DislikeSlightly有點(diǎn)不喜歡; 9-LikeExtremely非常喜歡5-NeitherLikeNorDislike;既不喜歡也不討厭

Hedonic/Preferencetests喜好測(cè)試37三角測(cè)試TriangleTest姓名(Name):P18__________________部門(mén)(Department):________________您將品嘗到3個(gè)樣品。兩個(gè)是同樣的，一個(gè)是不同的。Youhavebeengiventhreesamples.Twoofthesesamplesareidentical,oneisdifferent.請(qǐng)集中注意力，依次品嘗這些樣品，區(qū)分它們的不同之處：Pleasetastethesesamplesintheordergivenbelowinconcentratingyourattentiononthedifferenceinflavour:圈出與其他兩個(gè)不同的樣品號(hào)Circlethenumberofthedifferentsample.

837 911 586 標(biāo)出它們之間的差別大小程度Indicatethedegreeofdifferenceinflavourbetweentheidenticalsamplesandthedifferentone.

評(píng)注：

Comments

不同的樣品：

Differentsample

___________________________________________________________________________________

相同的樣品：

Identicalsamples___________________________________________________________________________________Discriminativetests辨別測(cè)試38對(duì)比測(cè)試Duo-TrioTest姓名(Name):____________________ 部門(mén)(Department):________________我們會(huì)給您一個(gè)標(biāo)為“R”的參照樣品和另外兩個(gè)樣品。Youhavebeengivenareferencesample“R”andtwocodedsamples.請(qǐng)先品嘗樣品“R”，然后再品嘗其他兩個(gè)。在后兩個(gè)樣品中選出您認(rèn)為與“R”相同的樣品。Pleasesmellandtastethereferencesample“R”first,followedbythetwocodedsamples.Indicatewhichofthetwocodedsamplesisidenticaltothereferencesample“R”.如果您認(rèn)為兩個(gè)樣品與“R”都很相似，您必須在其中猜選一個(gè)。

Ifnodifferenceisapparentbetweenthetwounknownsamples,youmustguess.可以允許重復(fù)品嘗Retastingisallowed.

圈出您認(rèn)為與參照樣品相同的樣品號(hào)

Circlethenumberoftheidenticalsample.

278 543

評(píng)注：Comments 278 543_____________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ _______________________________Discriminativetests辨別測(cè)試39DIFFERENCEFROMCONTROLTEST五選二測(cè)試TWOOUTOFFIVETEST姓名(Name):P20____________________ 部門(mén)(Department):________________我們會(huì)給您五個(gè)樣品..其中兩個(gè)是同樣的,而另三個(gè)相同成為一組.Youhavebeengivenfivesamples.Twoofthesefivesamplesbelongtooneset;theotherthreebelongtoanotherset.請(qǐng)選擇兩個(gè)相同的樣品,在這兩個(gè)樣品編號(hào)邊打上X記號(hào)IdentifythetwosampleswhichbelongtogetherbyplacinganXafterthecodenumber.

同時(shí)請(qǐng)?jiān)谠u(píng)語(yǔ)欄里填上作相應(yīng)評(píng)價(jià)Pleasecommentaccordingly.編號(hào)CODE

__ ________________ ____ ________________ __

__ ________________ 評(píng)語(yǔ)COMMENTS:

Twosamplesgroup ___________________________________Threesamplesgroup ___________________________________Discriminativetests辨別測(cè)試40排序測(cè)試RankingTest姓名(Name):_____________________部門(mén)(Department):________________您將品嘗到不同甜味強(qiáng)度的三個(gè)樣品Youhavebeengiventhreesamplesofdifferentsweetnessintensity.請(qǐng)聞其香味，嘗其味，并回答下列問(wèn)題Pleasesmellandtastethesesamplesandanswerthefollowingquestion:

399

525 833

按其甜味強(qiáng)度依次排列

Rankthesethreeproductsinascendingorderoftheirsweetness: No.1 ___________ No.2 ___________

No.3 ___________(No.1為

甜度最低，No.3為甜度最強(qiáng))(WithNo.1oftheleastsweetnessandNo.3ofthehighestsweetness)評(píng)注：Comments_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Discriminativetests辨別測(cè)試41打分測(cè)試ScalingTest

姓名(Name):_____________________部門(mén)(Department):_________________

產(chǎn)品(Product)

:Milkpowder(4) UtilisationoftheCATEGORYscale Samples:

987

SWEET: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

378

SWEET: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

249

SWEET: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

527

SWEET: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

0.Absence

1.JustDetectable

2.Weak

3.Moderate4.SlightlyStrong5.Strong6.VeryStrong

Discriminativetests辨別測(cè)試42打分測(cè)試ScalingTest姓名(Name):_____________________部門(mén)(Department):_________________IntensityratingscalewiththeutilisationofDifference.Pleaserateaccordingtothereference

Ref.A: 0 10

Ref.B: 0 10

Samples: 0 10268

0 10457

0 10176

0 10534

AbsentModerate VeryIntenseDiscriminativetests辨別測(cè)試43DIFFERENCEFROMCONTROLTESTName:____________________________ Date:3/11/01________________TypeofSample:************************************************************************Instructions:.Youhavereceived4samples(3-digitcoded)andacontrolsamplemarked“R”..Tastethecontrolsamplemarked“R”first.Thentastethetestsamplemarked“XXX”intheindicatedsequenceorder..AssesstheoverallsensorydifferencesbetweenthetwosamplesusingthescaleBelow.Commentonthedifferences.

01 23 45 67 89 10No ModerateExtremeDiff Diff.RememberthataDuplicateControlisthesamplesomeofthetime.************************************************************************Code DegreeofDifference CommentsonDifference(Strength/Profileetc.)__732__ ________________ _____________________________________5