八年級(jí)下uinit6講解

Unit6.Howlonghaveyoubeencollectingshells?SectionA.1.collectv收集—collectionn收藏—collectorn收藏家collectstamps/coins收集郵票/硬幣haveacollectionofbooks收藏書(shū)①Tomhasbeen___________stampssincehewasinGradeThree.②Heisagreat__________.Nowhehasagreat________ofstamps.(collect).()③____you____stampssinceyouweresix?A.Did;collectB.Do;collectC.Have;collectD.Have;beencollecting2.skate(1)n溜冰鞋apairofskates一雙溜冰鞋(2)v滑冰Helenhasbeen________________(skate)sinceshewasfive

3.howlong/howfar/howsoon/howoften詞義特點(diǎn):howlong多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，(1)多長(zhǎng)回答for+一段時(shí)間或since+一段時(shí)間+ago(2)多長(zhǎng)詢問(wèn)物體自身的長(zhǎng)度howfar多遠(yuǎn)詢問(wèn)兩者之間的距離howsoon多久（時(shí)間短）詢問(wèn)時(shí)間，回答多用in+時(shí)間howoften多久一次詢問(wèn)頻率，如usually,threetimesaday等

()①--______didyouliveinthecountryside?--For6years.A.HowoftenB.HowlongC.HowsoonD.Howold()②–HowlongmayI_____thebook?--Fortwoweeks.A.borrowB.lendC.keepD.buy()③--_____willyourbrothercomebackhome?--Inaweek.A.HowoftenB.HowsoonC.HowfarD.Howlong()④--_____haveyoubeenawayfromyourhometown?--Forabout13years.A.HowmuchB.HowmanyC.HowlongD.Howfar4.pair“一雙，一對(duì)”apairof“一雙……,一對(duì)……”apairofglasses一副眼鏡apairoftrousers一條褲子【拓展】(1)與短語(yǔ)apairof連用的詞還有：pants,shorts,socks,shoes,chopsticks等。(2)pair為單數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式/pair為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Thispairofshortsisverycheap.ThesetwopairsofshoesaremadeinChina.

()①Jackbought____intheshoeshopyesterday.A.apairofskatesB.apairskatesC.apairofskateD.twopairofskates()②Thispairofshoes___verynice____expensive.A.are;butB.is;butC.are;andD.is;or5.threeandahalfyears三年半“幾個(gè)半”的表達(dá)：(1)數(shù)詞+and+ahalf+名詞復(fù)數(shù)

(2)數(shù)詞+名詞單/復(fù)數(shù)+and+ahalftwoandahalfdays=twodaysandahalf兩天半oneandahalfhours=onehourandahalf一個(gè)半小時(shí)()①–Howmuchsugardoyouwant?--________.A.TwokilosandhalfB.TwokilosandahalfC.TwoandhalfkilosD.Twoandhalfakilo（）②Theboyalwaysstaystherefor_____.A.oneandhalfhourB.oneandahalfC.oneandahalfhourD.oneandahalfhours6.raisev募集，籌集，舉起raisemoneyfor…為……籌錢(qián)raiseone’shand舉手raisethenationalflag升國(guó)旗raisemoneyforcharity

()①Wehadapartyto___moneyforthedoctorsandnurseslastnight.A.getB.makeC.raiseD.find()②Moreandmorepeople____moneyforthepoorstudents.A.riseB.raiseC.takeupD.putup7.severaladj.數(shù)個(gè)的，幾個(gè)的=afew+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)IhavebeentoNewYork______________(幾次).8.thefirstonetodosth.第一個(gè)做某事的人Thelastonetodosth最后一個(gè)做某事的人①Heisthefirstone___________(get)toschooleveryday.②Annawasthe_________(one)studenttogotoschoolthismorning.9.whole/all(1)限定詞+whole+n(2)all+限定詞+nthewholeday=allday整天allmylife=mywholelife我的一生()①I(mǎi)playfootball____.A.alldayB.wholedayC.wholetheday()②Thedoctorsspenttwo____hoursinsavingthedriver’slife.A.wholeB.theirwholeC.allD.alltheir()③Shestayedathomefor_____.A.wholefivedaysB.thewholefivedaysC.allfivethedaysD.theallfivedays10.each/every(1)each①adj.“(兩者或兩者以上中的)每一個(gè)”,后接名詞單數(shù)Theteachergaveeachstudentapresent.②pron.表示（兩個(gè)或兩者以上的中的）每一個(gè)，后接of.構(gòu)成“eachof…”Eachof做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)EachofthestudentshasabooksIhishand.(2)everyadj.表示（三者或三者以上中的）每一個(gè)，后接單數(shù)。Everystudentishere.Eachofthestudents_________(have)adictionarynow.

11.since/forSince引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，表示“從某時(shí)間開(kāi)始”for引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是一個(gè)時(shí)間段，表示“已多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”★since(1)conj.引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句常用完成時(shí)。(2)prep,連接一個(gè)過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)或一段時(shí)間+agoIhavestudiedEnglishsinceIcamehere.ShehasbeeninWuhansincefouryearsago.【拓展】since+(1)過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)since2003Hehaslivedtheresince1998.(2)過(guò)去時(shí)間段+agosincetwoyearsagoHehaslivedtheresincetenyearsago.(3)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子sincehecamehereHehaslivedtheresinceImethim.(4)一般過(guò)去時(shí)+過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)HehaslivedtheresinceImethimtenyearsago.

★for+一段時(shí)間Hehaslivedtherefortenyears.

()①–HowlonghasElizabeenanurse?--___.A.Since2002B.FouryearsagoC.In2002()②–Howlonghaveyoubeenswimming?--______.A.FortenyearsagoB.SincetenyearsC.Since1998D.For1998

12.it/one/thatone表泛指，只代替可數(shù)名詞，指代前面提到的同類事物中的“一個(gè)”it表特指，代替前面提到的同一事物，可指代可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞that相當(dāng)于theone,用于特指，可代替可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)是those()YourMP4isquitecheap.Wheredidyoubuy____?Iwanttobuy____,too.A.one;oneB.it;itC.it;oneD.one;it

Exercise:I.用所給詞的正確形式填空1.Hishobbyis_______________(collect)kites.2.Wouldyouliketogo___________(skate)withus?3.Jackhasbeen___________(swim)fortwohours.4.Thestudentsarecollectingwastepaper__________(raise)moneyforthepoorgirl.5.6.Howlonghashebeen_________(collect)toys?7.“Whydoyoulikecollectingtickets?”“Becausetheyare_________(interest).”8.Theboys_____________(play)footballfortwohours.9.Mymother___________(work)theresincelastyear.10.Ithinktodayis__________(sun)thanyesterday.11.Wedon’tgetonuntilthebus___________(stop)12.We____________(learn)Englishsinceoneyearago.13.Youmustthinkabout__________(buy)heragift.14.She’sbeen___________(swim)fortwohours.15.MissWhite___________(teach)usEnglishlastyear.II.單項(xiàng)選擇()1.–Howlonghaveyoubeenlivinghere?--______Iwasnineyearsold.A.AsB.ForC.SinceD.Because()2.Thispairofshoes_____formymother.A.isB.areC.beD.am()3.Mr.White____forthirtyyears.A.havebeenteachingB.hasbeenteachingC.hasteachingD.hasbeteaching

()4.–Howlonghaveyoubeeninclasstoday?--_____twohours.A.BeforeB.ForC.UntilD.Since()5.Tom____forfouryears.A.leftB.comeC.hasbeenlearningEnglishD.hasbeenEnglish()6.--_____doyougoforatripwithyourfamily?--Aboutonceayear.A.HowoftenB.HowmanyC.HowlongD.Howmuch

()7.Jimwasthelastone_____outoftheclassroomwhentheballrang.A.goB.goesC.goingD.togo()8.Somefamoussingersaregoingtoputonashow__moneyforthosepoorchildren.A.raiseB.raisingC.toraiseD.raised()9.Howlong___theybeen____?A.have;runB.have;runningC.has;runningD.has;run

()10.--_____haveyoubeenlearningEnglish?--IhavebeenlearningEnglishforsixyears.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.Howfar()11.Myglassesarebroken.Ineedtobuyanother_____.A.oneB.pairC.glassD.it()12.Jim_______stampsforthreeyears.A.collectB.collectsC.collectedD.hascollected

()13.–Mum,thetrousersareoutofstyle.Ineedtobuy____.A.anotheroneB.itC.anotherpairD.anotherpiece()14.—When___you____lastnight.?--At9:00p.mA.has,arrivedB.did,arriveC.is,arrivingD.has,beenarriving()15.Myunclehasbeenworkinginthishospital.________.A.fortwoyearsB.twoyearsagoC.sincetwoyearsagoD.AandCSectionB.1.anyone=anybody“任何人”【用法】(1)用于疑問(wèn)句，否定句(2)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)(3)在肯定句中，表示“任何人，有人”【拓展】some,any,every,no可與one,body,thing等構(gòu)成不定代詞指物somethinganythingnothingeverything指人somebodyanybodynobodyeverybodysomeoneanyoneononeeveryone用法用于肯定句用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句表示否定用于肯、否或疑問(wèn)句

()①Johnwastooshytotalkto____attheparty.A.anyoneB.someoneC.nooneD.everyone()②–Isthisyourshirt?--No,it’snot____.Itmaybe____.A.yours;someoneelseB.mine;someoneelse’sC.mine;someone’selseD.yours;someone’selsehowmany+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)“多少”（對(duì)可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量提問(wèn)）

howmuch+不可數(shù)名詞“多少”

(對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量及價(jià)格提問(wèn))Howmany______________(sheep)inthehill?3.thanksfor+n/ving因……而感謝Thanksforinvitingme.thanksto=withthehelpof=becauseof幸虧，由于①Thanksfor__________(clean)theroomforme.②Thanksfor_________(send)methesnowglobe.

()③______yourhelp,Ipassedtheexam.A.ThanksforB.ThanktoC.ThankstoD.Thanks()④____helpingus.Wefinishedtheworkontime.A.ThankstoB.ThanksC.ThanksforD.Thanksof()⑤______meumbrella.A.ThankyoufortakingB.ThanksyoutogiveC.ThankstotakeD.Thankyouverymuchforgiving4.(1)runoutof用完，（主語(yǔ)是人，指用完時(shí)間、金錢(qián)等）(2)runout=useup用完（主語(yǔ)是時(shí)間、金錢(qián)、食物等）（）①Shehas___moneytobuyanewcar.A.runoutofB.ranoutofC.runnedoutofD.runout()②I____allthemoneywhenshopping,Ihadtowalkhome.A.caredforB.ranoutofC.gaveawayD.gotoutof5.room(1)房間（可數(shù)名詞）(2)空間（不可數(shù)名詞）()①Thereisn’tenough___forustostandin,becausethe____inhishousearetoosmall.A.rooms;roomsB.room;roomC.rooms;roomD.room;rooms()②Isthere_____foroneormoreinthecar?A.aroomB.roomC.roomsD.place6.infact=actually事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上()___,Iamnotinterestedinshowingphotosofmonster.A.InthefactB.InfactC.InthewayD.Ontheway7.bytheway順便問(wèn)一下（用于引導(dǎo)下一話題）()①Oh,____,what’sthetime?A.allthetimeB.inthefutureC.asforD.bytheway()②_____,whichisthewaytothepostoffice?A.InthewayB.OnthewayC.BythewayD.Totheway8.talentshow才藝表演9.snow①n雪（不可數(shù)名詞）alotofsnow.②v下雪Itissnowinghard.③→snowyadj.下雪的【注】表示雨/雪大或下得大時(shí)用heavy/heavilyaheavysnow/It’srainingheavilyoutside表示風(fēng)大或風(fēng)刮得大時(shí)用strong/strongly()Thisisa________rain,It’sraining_______.A.heavy,heavilyB.heavily,heavyC.strong,stronglyD.strongly,strongExercise:I.用所給詞的正確形式填空1.I’dlike______________(skate)becauseIthinkitisveryinteresting.2.He__________(notwrite)tomesincelastyear.3.Howlong____you______（wait）yesterdaymorning?4.—Howlonghaveyoubeen___________(study)English?---Onlyoneyear.5.Igotalotofgiftsonmy_____________(nine)birthday.6.Ifyouareinterestedincollectingstamps,youcanaskthatoldstamps_________(collect)forsomeadvice.7.Thanksfor______________(give)mesomuchhelp.8.IhavelivedinthisapartmentsinceI_________(come)toChina.9.Ihavebeencollecting___________(snow)globesforsevenyears.10.Wearevery____________(interest)incollectingstamps.II.單項(xiàng)選擇()1.I_____over2500kindsofstampssofar.A.collectedB.havecollectingC.havecollectedD.havebeencollected.()2.–Howlong____you____lastnight?--I_____forsevenhours.A.have;beensleeping;sleptB.did;sleep;sleptC.have;slept;sleptD.were;sleeping;slept()3.Jackhasbeenskating______fourhoursago.A.sinceB.aboutC.foraboutD.in

()4.They____about2000kindsofstampssofar.A.collectB.collectedC.havecollectingD.havecollected()5.Tony____heresincehefinishedschool.A.worksB.workedC.hadworkedD.hasbeenworking()6.Sanenjoys____stamps.Andnowhehas225ofthem.A.collectingB.collectedC.tocollectD.collects

()7.There’sno____foranybodyelsetositintheclassroom.A.placeB.roomC.spaceD.area()8.I_____inthisschoolsinceImovedhere.A.cametoB.havebeenworkingC.havebeenworkedD.worked()9.____,what’syourhobby?A.InthewayB.OnthewayC.ToyouwayD.Bytheway

()10.–Howisitgoing?--Thanks____theweather,thecropsgrowwell.A.toB.forC.alot()11.Wehave____time,sowemustendthemeeting.A.runB.runoutC.runofD.runoutof()12.–Willyoupleasemakesome_____forthewomanwithababy?--Sure.Takemyseat,please.A.roomsB.roomC.houseD.place

()13.--______,wheredidhego?--Hewenttothecountry.A.InthewayB.OnthewayC.InawayD.Bytheway()14.Isthereenough___for20.people?A.aroomB.roomC.someroomsD.anyroom()15.ThereisnodifferencebetweenA____B.A.andB.withC.butD.toSelfCheckandReading1.thousandnum千(1)前面有具體數(shù)詞表示確切數(shù)目時(shí)要用單數(shù)形式，后面不加s也不加oftwothousandstudents.(2)前面沒(méi)有具體的數(shù)詞時(shí)表示概指時(shí)，thousand后要加s,也要加of

thousandsofstudents

()①Thereare_____studentsinthecollege.A.fourthousandsofB.thousandofC.fourthousandsD.thousandsof()②Thisisalibrary.There’reeight____booksinit.A.thousandB.thousandsC.thousandsofD.thousandof2.quiteadv“相當(dāng)，十分”【結(jié)構(gòu)】quite+a/an+形容詞+名詞=avery+形容詞+名詞quiteaninterestingbook=averyinterestingbook()LotsofvisitorscometoWuhanbecausesheis___city.A.SoabeautifulB.veryabeautifulC.suchbeautifulD.quiteabeautiful3.the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”“越……,就越……”

Theharderyoustudy,thebetterresultyouwillget()____youeat,____youwillget.A.Themuch;thefatB.Themore;fatterC.Themore;thefatterD.More;thefatter4.certainadj.確定的無(wú)疑的—certainlyadv肯定地makecertain搞清楚①becertainof/aboutsth肯定/確信的②becertaintodosth肯定要做某事③becertainofdoingsth有把握做某事④becertain+that從句①I(mǎi)was______________(certainly)shesawmeyesterday.()②Heiscertain______toninety.A.liveB.ofliveC.toliveD.toliving5.morethan=over多于……lessthan少于……Thereare_____________(超過(guò))twentymembersinthefamily.6.finishdoingsth結(jié)束做某事/完成做某事enjoydoingsth喜歡做某事①Afteryoufinish___________(read)thisbook,PleasegiveittoAlison.()②HersisterEllenenjoys_____thepopmusicandsodoesshe.A.tolistenB.tolistentoC.listeningD.listeningto7.beinterestedin+n/ving=takeaninterstinsth對(duì)….感興趣①Thefilmisvery_________andI’m___________init.(interest)()②____you___inthejobasawriter?A.Do;interestedB.Are;interestedC.Do;interesting

D.Are;interesting8.capitaln

省會(huì)thecapitalof………的省會(huì)thecapitalofChina中國(guó)首都(2)adj.大寫(xiě)的capitalletters大寫(xiě)字母

Kunmingis______________________(……的省會(huì))Yunnan.9.asprep作為asawriter作為一名作者()–Areyouinterestedinthejob___anurse?--Yes.Ilikeworkingwithdoctors.A.likeB.asC.withD.to10.foreignadj.外國(guó)的→foreigner

n

外國(guó)人①These____________(foreign)allcomefromSouthAfrica.②Theywereall___________(foreigner)touristsandtheygoherelastweek.11.teach→taught→taughtv教，教授(1)teachsb.Sth=teachsthtosb.教某人某事Mr.YinteachesusChinese.

(2)teachsb.todosth教某人做某事teachustoswim(3)teachoneself=learn…byoneself自學(xué)WeteachourselvesEnglishathome.=WelearnEnglishbyourselves.()①When____yourfather____youtomakeakite?A.has;taughtB.has;beenteachingC.did;teachD.was;taught()②Doyouenjoy____Englishinourclass,Mr.Green?A.teachB.taughtC.toteachD.teaching12.farfrom很遠(yuǎn)，遙遠(yuǎn)①I(mǎi)live____________(在遠(yuǎn)處)fromtheschoolthanyou.()②Ifheworks_______,he’llmisshisfamily.A.farfromB.farawayC.farD.farawayfrom13.missv

(1)想念，思念(2)為趕上，錯(cuò)過(guò)()–Whywereyoulateforthemeetingthismorning?--I____myway,soI____thefirstbus.A.lost;lostB.lost;missedC.missed;missedD.missed;lost14.show①n表演onshow=ondisplay展覽seeadolphinshow看海豚表演②v出示showsb.sth=showsthtosb.給某人看某物showyourIDcard()Thankyoufor_____metheway.A.showB.showingC.showedD.toshowExercise:I.用所給詞的正確形式填空1.Alotof_________(foreign)cometoChinaforvacationeveryyear.2.Differentpersonshavedifferent____________(hobby).3.Hisfatherisa_____________(collect).4.Ibecame_____________(interest)incomputer.5.She’s___________(Australia).6.Isthere______________(someone)intheclassroom?7.Thegirlhasbeen___________(wait)forthreehours.8.He’safamous______________(write).9.Heusedthebox__________(store)food.10.Ther’smuch___________(room)onthetrain.11.Ihavesomethingimportant____________(tell)you.12.Markisagood_______(write).Hewrotelotsofinterestingstories.13.I____________(sit)hereforalongtime.14.I_________(run)outofmoneyandhadtogohomeonfoot.15.Whatabout____________(store)somefoodforthewinter?II.單項(xiàng)選擇()1.The___heis,the___hewillbe.A.busier;happierB.busy;happyC.busier;happyD.busy;happier()2.Is___easytolearntoswim?Canyoutellme?A.thatB.itC.heD.this()3.Myuncleisinterestedin______Englishsongs.A.tosingB.singC.singingD.sang

()4.–Remember,boysandgirls.___youwork,____resultyouwillget.--Weknow,MissGao.Thebetter;theharderB.Theharder;thebetterC.Thehard;thebetterD.Theharder;thegood.()5.Aboutthree_____peoplecametovisitMountTaiyesterday.thousandB.thousandsC.thousandsofD.thousandof()6.Icouldn’tgetthroughthedoorbecausetherewasabigbox_____.bythewayB.onthewayC.outofwayD.intheway

()7.Cicienjoysdancing.It’soneofher______.PrizeB.prizesC.hobbyD.hobbies()8.____theone-childpolicy,ourcountryhascontrolledthepopulationsuccessfully.ThankstoB.ThanksforC.Asfor()9.–Whydon’twetakealittlebreak?---Didn’twejusthave_____?A.itB.thatC.oneD.this

()10._____oursurprise,thetwinsisterswenttoPekingUniversityatthesametimelastyear.WithB.InC.To()11.–HowlonghaveyoubeenlearningEnglish?--______.A.ForthreeyearsB.SincethreeyearsC.ForthreeyearsagoD.Threeyearsago()12.--____doesAnnholdaparty?--Onceamonth.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.WhenD.Where

()13.–What’syour______?--Ilikecollectingtennisballs.A.hobbyB.likeC.favorD.prefer()14.Thanksfor____methestuffedanimal.A.sendB.tosendC.sendingD.sent()15.Wecan’tlive______airorwater.A.withB.noC.haven’tD.without

()16.Tom_____listeningtomusic.A.isinterestingB.isinterestinginC.isinterestedD.isinterestedin()17.—Whendidyou____today?--At8:00.A.startedreadingB.startedreadC.startreadingD.startread()18.—Canyoufinishtheworkwith____moneyand___people?--Yes,Ican.A.fewer;lessB.more;moreC.less;lessD.less;fewer

()19.____IlearnaboutChinesehistory,____IenjoylivinginChina.A.Themore;themoreB.Themost;themostC.More;moreD.Most;most()20.Whathesaidmadeus_____.A.laughB.tolaughC.laughingD.laughed()21.______doyouthink___thenewmovies?A.How,ofB.What,overC.What,ofD.How,about現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)1.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的定義現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示從過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，并且還有可能持續(xù)下去：Wehavebeenwaiting

forhimfortwohours.我們等他等了兩個(gè)小時(shí)OurEnglishteacherhasbeenteachinginourschoolsincehegraduated.

2.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)助動(dòng)詞

have/hasbeen+ving【注】have/has為助動(dòng)詞，have用在句子主語(yǔ)為非第三人稱單數(shù)形式時(shí)?？隙ㄊ絀/Wehavebeenworking.否定式：I/wehaven’tbeenworking.【注】在have/has后加not,havenot=haven’thasnot=hasn’t疑問(wèn)式