【廣東創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)】高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 1 A land of diversity 選修8

選修8Unit1Alandofdiversity

漫畫欣賞畫面描述

Ahen，standingontheplatform，isgivinglecturesonmath-ematics.Anegg，placedonthedesk，islistening.Thehenistry-inghardtogivelessonstothechickbeforeitisborn.寓意理解

Nowadaystheworldisfulloftoomanycompetitions.Toguaranteetheirchildren’sfuture，parentsaretooeagertogetthemwell-educated，evenbeforetheyareborn.你能否對(duì)此加以擴(kuò)展，寫一篇120詞左右的小短文？短文填空

根據(jù)課文California完成下列短文。Californiaisthe

(three)largeststateintheUSAbuthasthelargestpopulation.ItisthemostmulticulturalstateintheUS.Thisisnot

(surprise)whenyouknowthehistoryofCalifornia

hasattractedpeoplefromnearlyeverycountryintheworld.Noonereallyknowswhattimethefirst

(settle)arrivedin

wenowknowasCalifornia.ThescientistsbelievethattheNativeAmericansreachedAlaska

meansofalandbridge.Inthe18thcentury，CaliforniawasruledbySpain.OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia，themajoritywerereligiousmen.thirdsurprisingwhichsettlerswhatbyIn1848，gold

discover)inCaliforniaandthedreamofbecomingrichquicklyattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.Infact，fewachievedtheirdream，butmostremainedinCaliforniatomakealifeforthemselves.Inmorerecentdecades，California

(become)hometopeoplefromAsia.

isbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbe

greatthattherewillbenomajorracialorculturalgroups.wasdiscoveredhasbecomeItsoⅠ.單詞拼寫1．Ithinktheirfailureisduetoamofbadluckandpoormanagement.2．Itwasafromherfacethatshewasreallyupset.3．TakecareofmylwhileIfindacab.4．I’vefinishedthismagazine.CanIswithyou?5．Whatpofthestudentsisoverweight?6．Preventionalsoplaysacroleinkeepinghealth.7．Thebell

(表明)theendoftheperiodrang，interruptingourheateddiscussion.8．Those

(申請(qǐng)人)whowanttogetthejobarerequiredtopresenttheirresumebeforethismonth.ixturepparentuggagewapercentage

entralindicatingapplicants

9．Hisangry

(反應(yīng))tothedecisionwasbeyondmyimagination.10．Asmanyas200,000headof

(牛)areraisedinthisarea，whicharelikelytoleadtothedamageoftheenvironment.11．Anotherflashshouldbe

(插入)ontheweb.12．Many

(輪渡)havegoneoutofusewithmoreandmorebridgesbuilt.reactioncattle

insertedferriesⅡ.短語(yǔ)填空1．Agoodidea

JanewhileshewastalkingtoMary.2．They

thetenniscourtwithwhitepaint.3．Peoplegainvaluableworkexperienceand，

，employerscanaffordtoemploythem.4．Doyou

goingforaswimafterwehavefinishedthework?5．Themountainis

agoodmanywildanimalsandrareplants.6．Thewomanwas

bythebusinessman’soffersofmarriageandstupidlygavehimmostofhermoney.7．Youcan

oneotherclassmemberifyouwant.8．Mostimmigrantsareableto

whentheysettleinthiscountry.9．Theyeventuallysucceeded

perseverance.10．Ihopethefineweatherwill

.Thecropsneedmuchsunshine.occurredtomarkedoutinadditionfeellikehometotakeninteamupwithmakealifebymeansofkeepupⅢ.完成句子1．In1911immigrantsfromDenmarkestablishedatownoftheirown，

.(它今天仍保持著丹麥的文化)．(keep)2．

(人們相信)beforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenomajorracialorculturalgroups.(believe)3．FromthetopofthehillI

(看到壯觀的景色)SanFranciscoBayandthecity.(get)whichtodaystillkeepsuptheirDanishcultureItisbelievedthatgotaspectacularviewof核心詞匯梳理1．meansn.手段，方法，工具Televisionisaneffectivemeansofcommunication.電視是一種有效的通訊手段。Wehadnomeansoftransportexceptfortwobicycles.除了兩輛自行車以外，我們沒有其他交通工具了。搭配bymeansof用，依靠byallmeans一定，務(wù)必；好的，當(dāng)然可以bynomeans決不，并沒有提示bynomeans放在句首時(shí)，句子要用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序。完成句子(1)他絕不會(huì)放棄。Bynomeans____________________.(2)她不會(huì)說(shuō)話，但她用手勢(shì)表達(dá)了她的愿望。Shecouldnotspeak，butmadeherwishesknown_____________________signs.(3)我一定得去探望那生病的朋友。____________________Imustvisitmysickfriend.(4)“我看一眼行嗎？”“當(dāng)然可以。”“DoyoumindifIhavealook？”“____________________.”(5)我決不能假裝對(duì)這種行為表示滿意。Ican____________________pretendtobepleasedwiththisbehaviour.willhegiveupbymeansofByallmeansByallmeansbynomeans2．majorityn.

大部分Themajorityofdoctorsbelievesmokingisharmful.大多數(shù)醫(yī)生認(rèn)為吸煙有害健康。搭配themajority大多數(shù)(作主語(yǔ)表整體時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，若表成員情況時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。)themajorityof＋n.[U]＋單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)themajorityof＋n.[pl.]＋復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)beinthemajority占大多數(shù)amajority(of)大多數(shù)……完成句子(1)Themajorityoftheboys____________(反對(duì))theidea.(2)Ofthemoviegoers，theyoung____________________(占大多數(shù))．(3)Shebarelywontheelection____________________(多出兩票)．(4)Themajorityofthefood____________________(被沖走)bytheflood.areagainstareinthemajoritybyamajorityoftwowascarriedaway3．occurvi.

發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)；存在Climaticchangeshaveoccurredatintervalsthroughoutthemillennium.整個(gè)千年中，氣候變化時(shí)有發(fā)生。搭配occurtosb.某人突然想到itoccurstosb.todosth.

某人突然想起要去做某事

itoccurstosb.that...某人突然想起……完成句子(1)我想你壓根兒就沒想到給警方打電話吧。Isupposeitnever____________________tophonethepolice.(2)她沒想到請(qǐng)別人幫忙。____________________toaskforhelp.(3)今早起床時(shí)，我突然想到一個(gè)很棒的點(diǎn)子。Anexcellentidea____________________whenIwokeupthismorning.occurredtoyouItdidn’toccurtoheroccurredtome4.slipvi.&vt.

滑落，滑倒；悄悄或匆忙地走；失誤Thebookslippedoutof/fromthelittlechild’shand.書從小男孩的手中掉了下來(lái)。Heslippedonabananapeelandfelldown.

他踩在香蕉皮上滑倒了。

搭配(1)slipin(outof)theroom溜進(jìn)(出)房間slipfromsb.’shand從某人手里滑落

(2)slide多指“下滑，滑動(dòng)”，“悄悄移動(dòng)”

slideinto(outof)theroom溜進(jìn)房間

slideontheice滑冰完成句子(1)Theyears____________________(逝去)beforewerealizedit.(2)Thelittlechild____________________(在冰上滑倒)．(3)Thefish____________________(從我手中滑落)．(4)He____________________(匆忙地穿上)hiscoatandlefthomequickly.slippedbyslippedontheiceslippedoutofmyhandslippedon5．reactvt.&vi.

作出反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)Noticehowtheaudiencereact.注意觀眾的反應(yīng)。

搭配reacttosb./sth.對(duì)……作出反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)

reactagainstsb./sth.反對(duì)……；反抗……

reactwithsth.(指物質(zhì))起化學(xué)反應(yīng)

reactonsth.起作用(起反應(yīng))；產(chǎn)生影響運(yùn)用用適當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

介詞填空

(1)Plantsreact________light.(2)Theyreactedstrongly_________theunreasonablerule.(3)Ironreacts________waterandairtoproducerust.(4)Certainacids(酸)react__________metalstoleadtochemicalchangestoagainstwithon(with)單句改錯(cuò)(5)Shereactedonhiswordsbyturningherbackonhim.____________________(6)Howdoyouthinkthebookwillreacttochildren？__________第一個(gè)on改為toto→on6．indicatevt.

指出；標(biāo)出；表明；明示Pleaseindicatewherethepainis.請(qǐng)指出痛的地方。

Hishesitationindicatesunwillingness.他的猶豫表明不愿意。

辨析indicate&showshow

在口語(yǔ)和書面語(yǔ)中都比indicate常用得多。因?yàn)閟how的語(yǔ)義比較廣泛。在非正式場(chǎng)合比indicate更常用。聯(lián)想indicationn．跡象indicativeadj.表明的，象征的7.hiren．&v.

租用，雇用I’llhireasuitforthewedding.我得為婚禮租一套禮服。識(shí)記hireamanager(secretary)聘請(qǐng)經(jīng)理(秘書)

hireacar(horse，hall)租車(馬，大廳)辨析hire多指短期租用rent多指長(zhǎng)期租用

(avilla，ahouse)forrent供出租beemployedin受雇于……；忙于……用hire等詞填空(1)Shallwe________acarforholiday?(2)Therewasasignonthehouse，saying“For________”．(3)Sheis______________inwritingastory.hirerentemployed8.reformvt.&vi.

改革；革新n．改革；改造；悔改

搭配reformoneself改過(guò)自新，自我改造指出下列各個(gè)詞組的漢語(yǔ)意思

(1)agrarian(land)reform____________________(2)democraticreforms_______________________(3)opeingandreform________________________土地改革民主改革改革開放用reform將下列句子翻譯成英語(yǔ)(4)解放后，我們國(guó)家進(jìn)行了土地改革。_______________________________________________________(5)我們應(yīng)該怎樣對(duì)現(xiàn)在的教育制度進(jìn)行改革？_______________________________________________________Afterliberationlandreformwasmadeinourcountry.Howshouldwereformthepresenteducationalsystem?重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)例釋1．teamupwith與……合作或一起工作運(yùn)用完成句子(1)我和簡(jiǎn)合作做這項(xiàng)工作。I____________________todothejob.(2)他情愿獨(dú)自經(jīng)商，而不愿與任何人合伙。Hepreferredtogointobusinessaloneratherthan________________________________.2．markout劃線標(biāo)出……界線(1)排球場(chǎng)已經(jīng)在草坪上畫了出來(lái)。Avolleyballcourthad____________________onthegrass.(2)這些日子我們必須把網(wǎng)球場(chǎng)地劃好以備使用。Wemust________thetenniscourt________readyforplayingthesedays.teamedupwithJaneteamupwithanyoneelsebeenmarkedoutmarkout3．liveon繼續(xù)存在；以……為主食，靠……生活Lethimliveon.讓他生活下去。

Iliveonmysalary.我靠我的薪水生活。TheChineseliveonrice.中國(guó)人以米為主食。4．keepup堅(jiān)持；維持；沿襲(風(fēng)俗、傳統(tǒng)等)Ican’tkeepupwithallthechanges.我并非所有的變化都能跟得上。

拓展與keep相關(guān)的常用搭配(1)keep__________躲開；避開；遠(yuǎn)離

(2)keep__________保留；阻止；留下(3)keep___________繼續(xù)/反復(fù)做某事(4)keep_____________與……保持聯(lián)系ouchwith(5)keep____勿踏；勿踩；遠(yuǎn)離(6)keep____________________守信(7)keep________使……不進(jìn)去/不入內(nèi)；留在外面(8)keep________趕上；跟上offone’sword/promiseoutupwith5．takein①把……拿進(jìn)來(lái)或帶進(jìn)來(lái)②收容；留宿③理解；體會(huì)；了解④包含；包括⑤欺騙；蒙騙觀察下列句子，說(shuō)出takein的意義(1)Pleasetakethewashingin，ifitrains.(2)Japanrefusedtotakeintherefugees.(3)Givemetimetotakeinthewholesituation.(4)Thetourtakesinsomefamousoldcastles.(5)He’saclevertalkerandgoodattakingpeoplein.答案：(1)把……拿進(jìn)來(lái)(2)收容(3)了解(4)包括(5)欺騙6．inaddition(to)除了……之外，加之Inadditiontothenamesonthelist，therearesixotherapplicants.除了名單上的人之外，還有六個(gè)申請(qǐng)人。

拓展

表示“除了”這一意義的詞匯還有：except后跟名詞或代詞，先肯定一方面，后指出其不足。exceptthat/when后跟從句，排除在外。besides“除了……(還有)”，可與inadditionto，apartfrom，aswellas通用。apartfrom既表示except，或exceptfor的意義，也表示inadditionto的用法

用inadditionto等相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空(1)Itwasgettingdark；____________________itbegantorain.(2)_____________________________________thedamageofthecar，wewerebadlyinjured.(3)Sheisexpertatphysics______________mathematics.inaddition(besides)Inadditionto(Besides，Apartfrom)aswellas7．makealife習(xí)慣于新的生活方式、工作等

聯(lián)想makealiving謀生

Ineducationwearestrivingnottoteachyouthtomakealiving，buttomakealife.(W.A.White)教育不是為了教會(huì)青年人謀生，而是教會(huì)他們創(chuàng)造生活。(懷特)疑難語(yǔ)句細(xì)解1．Nooneisknowntohaveescaped.據(jù)說(shuō)沒有人逃脫得了。句型is/areknowntohavedonesth.或have/hasbeenknowntodosth.意為“據(jù)人們所知做過(guò)某事；據(jù)說(shuō)做過(guò)某事”。仿寫(1)據(jù)說(shuō)沒人能獨(dú)自乘獨(dú)木舟橫渡大洋。Noone___________________________________bycanoeontheirown.(2)據(jù)人們所知這位科學(xué)家研究這一問題已達(dá)十年之久。Thisscientist____________________workingonthisproblemforabouttenyears.(3)據(jù)說(shuō)她有時(shí)也喝點(diǎn)酒。She____________________takeasmalldrinkonoccasion.isknowntohavesailedacrosstheoceanisknowntohavebeenhasbeenknownto2．However，itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.(PP.2～7)然而，可能至少在15,000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亞了。

句型Itislikely/unlikelythat...很/不可能……

說(shuō)明likely前可用very，morethan來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣仿寫根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子(1)巴西很有可能贏得世界杯。Itis____________________BrazilwillwintheWorldCup.

(2)她病得很厲害，看來(lái)不大可能康復(fù)了。Sheissoillthatitseems____________________shewillpullthrough.(3)非常可能，金星上沒有生命。Itis____________________therewerenolifeonMars.morethanlikelythatunlikelythatverylikelythat3．BythetimeCaliforniaelectedtobecomethethirty-firstfederalstateoftheUSAin1850，itwasalreadyamulticulturalsociety.(PP.2～37)到1850年加利福尼亞成為美國(guó)第31個(gè)州的時(shí)候，它已經(jīng)是一個(gè)有著多種文化的社會(huì)了。

句型bythetime...到……時(shí)候?yàn)橹?之前

說(shuō)明表示“到……時(shí)/前，已經(jīng)……”時(shí)，主句謂語(yǔ)用完成時(shí)。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子(1)我們到達(dá)時(shí)，會(huì)議已結(jié)束了。

___________________wearrived，themeetinghadbeenover.(2)當(dāng)我們到那兒的時(shí)候，電影已經(jīng)開始了。Themovie____________________bythetimewegotthere.(3)在他到達(dá)之前，我們將會(huì)把工作全部完成。Bythetimehearrives，we____________________thework.Bythetimehadbegunwillhavefinished讀寫任務(wù)題的第一步是用約30個(gè)詞概括所給材料的要點(diǎn)，要求概括準(zhǔn)確，既要簡(jiǎn)潔又要主題突出。不能抄襲原文中的句子，而要用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述。那么，如何準(zhǔn)確概括原材料的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)呢？我們可以從以下幾個(gè)方面著手：一、明確步驟，巧妙概括1．尋找關(guān)鍵詞。文章的關(guān)鍵詞可結(jié)合“寫”的任務(wù)中的“就……”主題發(fā)表自己的看法的要求來(lái)確定。如要求你“以約120詞談?wù)勀憷硐胫械拇髮W(xué)生活”，那么閱讀材料中的關(guān)鍵詞就應(yīng)是“college/universitylife”。2．確定主題句。文章的主題句可通過(guò)所給閱讀材料的標(biāo)題來(lái)確定，閱讀材料的標(biāo)題即是文章的論點(diǎn)和主題句。沒有標(biāo)題的文章，若是議論文、夾敘夾議文或說(shuō)明文，就應(yīng)注意第一段(總起段)和最后一段(總結(jié)段)，或每一段的第一句(總起句)和最后一句(總結(jié)句)。沒有主題句的要自己歸納。3．重構(gòu)主題句。概括的主題句要能涵蓋后面支撐句的內(nèi)容。4．重組支撐句。支撐句的意義在邏輯上受制于主題句，可以對(duì)主題句進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充或者提供論據(jù)。二、巧用體裁特點(diǎn)，捕捉文章主旨讀寫任務(wù)中的閱讀材料，從體裁上看，有記敘文、議論文和說(shuō)明文。它們的文章結(jié)構(gòu)有各自的特征。1．如果所給的閱讀材料是一則故事，應(yīng)該用最簡(jiǎn)練的語(yǔ)言來(lái)

說(shuō)明故事講了什么，不能拖泥帶水，而且最好寫出該故事給你的啟示或蘊(yùn)含的道理?？梢圆捎谩爸黝}＋故事簡(jiǎn)述”的形式，其主要句型為：Thepassage/storyisabout...

Theauthortellsusastoryabout...Thestorytells/emphasizes/focusesontheimportance/necessities/advantages/disadvantages...單純敘事記敘文的概要主要包括以下內(nèi)容：誰(shuí)？做了什么事？結(jié)果如何？【實(shí)例分析】閱讀下列短文，然后以約30個(gè)詞概括其內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。TodayIwashavingaPElessonwhenIfelldownandhurtmyfoot.Iwasingreatpainatthatmoment，butItriedtoactasifnothinghadhappeneduntiltheclasswasover.ThoughIhaddifficultywalkingbacktomyclassroom，Istilldidn’ttellanyoneandrefusedtheofferofhelpofmyclassmates.Asaresult，thehurtinmyfootbecameworse.NowIknowI’mwrong.Wecantellothersournee