Unit 1 汽車專業(yè)英語(車輛的種類、汽車基本結(jié)構(gòu))

Unitone

AutomobileBasicsContentsPre-questionsII.Text

ExplanationIII.ExercisesTypesofModernAutomobiles1）cars

2）passengercars3）trucks4）tractorsandvehiclecombination5）specialtypevehicle6）Self-dumpingcar7）farmvehicle8)off-roadvehicle

Pre-questionsSpecialvehicle

carTractorTruck

PassengerCars

2、withrespecttoenginearrangementanddrivingtypeenginearrangementanddrivingtypediagramfrontengine

、front-wheeldrive

frontengine

、rear-wheeldriveRearengine、

rear-wheeldrivePre-questionsDoyouknowwhobuiltthefirstcarintheworldandwhen?KarlBenzIn1886Pre-questionsHowmanymainpartsdoestheautomobileconsistof?1-engine2-chassis3-body4--electricalsystemPre-questionsNewWordsandNewWordsandExpressions

component[k?m'p?un?nt]n.成分，組成，部件，零件chassis['∫?si]n.底盤transmission[tr?nz'mi∫?n]n.變速器，傳動,傳動系統(tǒng)，傳送，發(fā)射ignite[ig'nait]v.點火,點燃suspension[s?s'pen∫?n]n.懸架，懸掛NewWordsandNewWordsandExpressions

spark-ignitionengine點燃式發(fā)動機compression-ignitionengine壓燃式發(fā)動機storagebattery蓄電池ignitioncoil點火線圈powertrain傳動系，動力裝置propellershaft傳動軸(=driveshaft)SectionATheBasicComponentsofanAutomobile

Today'saveragecarcontainsmorethan15,000separate,individualpartsthatmustworktogether.Thesepartscanbegroupedintofourmajorcategories:engine,body,chassisandelectricalequipments.Engine

Theengineactsasthepowerunit.Theinternalcombustionengineismostcommon:thisobtainsitspowerbyburningaliquidfuelinsidetheenginecylinder.Therearetwotypesofengine:gasoline(alsocalledaspark-ignitionengine)anddiesel(alsocalledacompression-ignitionengine).Bothenginesarecalledheatengines;theburningfuelgeneratesheatwhichcausesthegasinsidethecylindertoincreaseitspressureandsupplypowertorotateashaftconnectedtothetransmission.ChassisThechassisisanassemblyofthosesystemsthatarethemajoroperatingpartsofavehicle.Thechassisincludesthepowertrain,suspension,steering,andbrakesystems.BodyAnautomobilebodyisasheetmetalshellwithwindows,doors,ahood,andatrunkdeckbuiltintoit.Itprovidesaprotectivecoveringfortheengine,passengers,andcargo.Thebodyisdesignedtokeeppassengerssafeandcomfortable.ElectricalEquipmentTheelectricalsystemsupplieselectricityfortheignition,horn,lights,heater,andstarter.Theelectricitylevelismaintainedbyachargingcircuit.Thiscircuitconsistsofabattery,andanalternator(orgenerator).Thebatterystoreselectricity.Thealternatorchangestheengine'smechanicalenergyintoelectricalenergyandrechargesthebattery.Whichiscalledthe“heart”ofautomobile?AnenginethatisusedtosupplypowerforanautomobileWhatisthechassiscomposedof?Powertrain,suspension,steeringsystemandbrakesystem.

QuestionsPowertrainsystemBrakesystemSteeringsystemSuspensionsystemPre-questionsWhatistheelectricalsystemcomposedof?Theelectricsystemincludesthebattery,generator,startingsystem,ignitionsystem,lightingsystem,hornsystem,radioandotherdevices.Pre-questionsWhatarethefunctionsofthefoursystems?Drivingsystem

worksbytransmittingenginepowertothedrivingwheels.Suspensionsystem’sfunctionistoincreasestrengthanddurabilityofcomponentsandtomeetcustomers’requirementsforridingcomfortanddrivingsafety.Steeringsystemisusedtocontrolthedrivingdirectionofanautomobile.

Brakesystemisusedtoretardthemotionofthevehicle.

QuestionsSectionCReadingAnautomobileormotorcar(usuallyshortenedtojustcar)isawheeledpassengervehiclethatcarriesitsownengineormotor.Mostdefinitionsofitspecifythatautomobilesaredesignedtorunonroads,tohaveseatingforonetoeightpeople,totypicallyhavefourwheels,andtobeconstructedforthetransportofpeopleorgoods.However,thedefinitionisnotprecisebecausetherearemanytypesofvehiclesthatdosimilartasks.Inotherwords,anyautomobileiscomposedofthesectionssuchasengine,chassis,bodyandelectricsystem.Inotherwords換句話說becomposedof由….組成

譯文：換句話說，任何一輛汽車都是由發(fā)動機、底盤、車身和電器設(shè)備組成的。

II.TextExplanationInotherwords

Inotherwords,theyremainrelativelyconstantorstatic.

換句話說，它們相對的穩(wěn)定、靜止。

Inotherwords,wehaveadheredtoscientificsocialism.

也就是說，我們堅持了科學(xué)社會主義。

becomposedofNavymustbecomposedofsurfaceshipunitandsubmarineunit.

海軍一定是由水面艦艇部隊和潛艇部隊組成。II.TextExplanationIII.ExercisesTranslatethefollowingexpressionsintoChinese.chassisdrivingsysteminternalcombustionenginesteeringsystembrakingsystempropellershaftGeneratorTransmissionIgnitioncoilSuspensionEngineComponentStoragebattery底盤傳動系統(tǒng)內(nèi)燃機轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)制動系統(tǒng)傳動軸發(fā)電機變速器點火線圈懸掛發(fā)動機零件蓄電池IdentifytheEnglishnamesofchassisaccordingtothepicture.III.Exercisesengine;clutch(離合器）;transmission;propellershaft;differential（差速器）;rearaxle（后軸）I.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.Ineffect,thedrivingsystemworksbytransmittingenginepowertothedrivingwheels.實際上，傳動系統(tǒng)的作用是將發(fā)動機的動力傳遞到驅(qū)動車輪。Theelectricsystemsupplieslightinganddrivingpowerfortheautomobile.電氣系統(tǒng)可為汽車提供照明和驅(qū)動的電力。Thebodystylingprovidesanattractive,colorful,modernappearancefo