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Unitone
AutomobileBasicsContentsPre-questionsII.Text
ExplanationIII.ExercisesTypesofModernAutomobiles1)cars
2)passengercars3)trucks4)tractorsandvehiclecombination5)specialtypevehicle6)Self-dumpingcar7)farmvehicle8)off-roadvehicle
Pre-questionsSpecialvehicle
carTractorTruck
PassengerCars
2、withrespecttoenginearrangementanddrivingtypeenginearrangementanddrivingtypediagramfrontengine
、front-wheeldrive
frontengine
、rear-wheeldriveRearengine、
rear-wheeldrivePre-questionsDoyouknowwhobuiltthefirstcarintheworldandwhen?KarlBenzIn1886Pre-questionsHowmanymainpartsdoestheautomobileconsistof?1-engine2-chassis3-body4--electricalsystemPre-questionsNewWordsandNewWordsandExpressions
component[k?m'p?un?nt]n.成分,組成,部件,零件chassis['∫?si]n.底盤transmission[tr?nz'mi∫?n]n.變速器,傳動(dòng),傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng),傳送,發(fā)射ignite[ig'nait]v.點(diǎn)火,點(diǎn)燃suspension[s?s'pen∫?n]n.懸架,懸掛NewWordsandNewWordsandExpressions
spark-ignitionengine點(diǎn)燃式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)compression-ignitionengine壓燃式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)storagebattery蓄電池ignitioncoil點(diǎn)火線圈powertrain傳動(dòng)系,動(dòng)力裝置propellershaft傳動(dòng)軸(=driveshaft)SectionATheBasicComponentsofanAutomobile
Today'saveragecarcontainsmorethan15,000separate,individualpartsthatmustworktogether.Thesepartscanbegroupedintofourmajorcategories:engine,body,chassisandelectricalequipments.Engine
Theengineactsasthepowerunit.Theinternalcombustionengineismostcommon:thisobtainsitspowerbyburningaliquidfuelinsidetheenginecylinder.Therearetwotypesofengine:gasoline(alsocalledaspark-ignitionengine)anddiesel(alsocalledacompression-ignitionengine).Bothenginesarecalledheatengines;theburningfuelgeneratesheatwhichcausesthegasinsidethecylindertoincreaseitspressureandsupplypowertorotateashaftconnectedtothetransmission.ChassisThechassisisanassemblyofthosesystemsthatarethemajoroperatingpartsofavehicle.Thechassisincludesthepowertrain,suspension,steering,andbrakesystems.BodyAnautomobilebodyisasheetmetalshellwithwindows,doors,ahood,andatrunkdeckbuiltintoit.Itprovidesaprotectivecoveringfortheengine,passengers,andcargo.Thebodyisdesignedtokeeppassengerssafeandcomfortable.ElectricalEquipmentTheelectricalsystemsupplieselectricityfortheignition,horn,lights,heater,andstarter.Theelectricitylevelismaintainedbyachargingcircuit.Thiscircuitconsistsofabattery,andanalternator(orgenerator).Thebatterystoreselectricity.Thealternatorchangestheengine'smechanicalenergyintoelectricalenergyandrechargesthebattery.Whichiscalledthe“heart”ofautomobile?AnenginethatisusedtosupplypowerforanautomobileWhatisthechassiscomposedof?Powertrain,suspension,steeringsystemandbrakesystem.
QuestionsPowertrainsystemBrakesystemSteeringsystemSuspensionsystemPre-questionsWhatistheelectricalsystemcomposedof?Theelectricsystemincludesthebattery,generator,startingsystem,ignitionsystem,lightingsystem,hornsystem,radioandotherdevices.Pre-questionsWhatarethefunctionsofthefoursystems?Drivingsystem
worksbytransmittingenginepowertothedrivingwheels.Suspensionsystem’sfunctionistoincreasestrengthanddurabilityofcomponentsandtomeetcustomers’requirementsforridingcomfortanddrivingsafety.Steeringsystemisusedtocontrolthedrivingdirectionofanautomobile.
Brakesystemisusedtoretardthemotionofthevehicle.
QuestionsSectionCReadingAnautomobileormotorcar(usuallyshortenedtojustcar)isawheeledpassengervehiclethatcarriesitsownengineormotor.Mostdefinitionsofitspecifythatautomobilesaredesignedtorunonroads,tohaveseatingforonetoeightpeople,totypicallyhavefourwheels,andtobeconstructedforthetransportofpeopleorgoods.However,thedefinitionisnotprecisebecausetherearemanytypesofvehiclesthatdosimilartasks.Inotherwords,anyautomobileiscomposedofthesectionssuchasengine,chassis,bodyandelectricsystem.Inotherwords換句話說becomposedof由….組成
譯文:換句話說,任何一輛汽車都是由發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)、底盤、車身和電器設(shè)備組成的。
II.TextExplanationInotherwords
Inotherwords,theyremainrelativelyconstantorstatic.
換句話說,它們相對(duì)的穩(wěn)定、靜止。
Inotherwords,wehaveadheredtoscientificsocialism.
也就是說,我們堅(jiān)持了科學(xué)社會(huì)主義。
becomposedofNavymustbecomposedofsurfaceshipunitandsubmarineunit.
海軍一定是由水面艦艇部隊(duì)和潛艇部隊(duì)組成。II.TextExplanationIII.ExercisesTranslatethefollowingexpressionsintoChinese.chassisdrivingsysteminternalcombustionenginesteeringsystembrakingsystempropellershaftGeneratorTransmissionIgnitioncoilSuspensionEngineComponentStoragebattery底盤傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)內(nèi)燃機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)傳動(dòng)軸發(fā)電機(jī)變速器點(diǎn)火線圈懸掛發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)零件蓄電池IdentifytheEnglishnamesofchassisaccordingtothepicture.III.Exercisesengine;clutch(離合器);transmission;propellershaft;differential(差速器);rearaxle(后軸)I.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.Ineffect,thedrivingsystemworksbytransmittingenginepowertothedrivingwheels.實(shí)際上,傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的作用是將發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的動(dòng)力傳遞到驅(qū)動(dòng)車輪。Theelectricsystemsupplieslightinganddrivingpowerfortheautomobile.電氣系統(tǒng)可為汽車提供照明和驅(qū)動(dòng)的電力。Thebodystylingprovidesanattractive,colorful,modernappearancefo
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