山東省青島市明天中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)期末試題含解析

山東省青島市明天中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.Suchaperson_______youreferredtojustnowisreallyhard_______inourlife.A.as;todealwith

B.who;todealwithC.whom;tobedealtwith

D.who;tobedealtwith參考答案：A【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句和動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：你剛才提到的這種人在我們的生活中真的很難對(duì)付。分析句子可知，此句為定主從句。其中的先行詞為aperson，先行詞aperson被such修飾，定語(yǔ)從句中如果先行詞被such修飾時(shí)，要用關(guān)系詞as。第二個(gè)空考查的是Sb.is+adj.todo句式。因此要用動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)形式。此句是指“你剛才提到的這個(gè)人在我們的生活中真的很難對(duì)付”。因此只有A符合題意。2.We thejob fivepartsandeachmandidonepart.A.divided,into B.separated,into C.divided,from D.separated,from參考答案：A34.TheSmithsarepraised_______thewaytheybringuptheirchildren.A.from

B.by

C.at

D.for參考答案：D略4.MrsJane,whocomesfrom______Europeancountry,hasformedthehabitofattending______churchonSundays.A.an;不填

B.an;the

C.a;不填 D.a;a參考答案：C5.

,wecouldnothavefinishedtheworkontime.A.Iftheydonothelpus

B.WasitnotfortheirhelpC.Shouldtheyoffertohelpus

D.Butfortheirhelp參考答案：D6.—Isthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto?

Right,justtheone_________youknowIusedtoworkforyears.

A.that

B.which

C.where

D.what參考答案：C7.I_______theFrenchwrittenpapersbutfailedintheEnglishoralexamination

A.gotthrough.

B.lookthrough

C.wentthrough

D.livedthrough參考答案：A略8.Manychildrenseldomcommunicatewithadults,________itdifficultfortheirparentstoknowwhattheyarethinkingabout. A.making B.makes C.tomake D.made參考答案：A9.Thebagstill

____

whereIhad

itanhourbefore.A.lie;lain

B.lay;lain

C.lied;lain

D.lay;laid參考答案：D10.Theformerpresidentstudiedhardwhenhewasyoung,which________hissuccessinhiscareer.A.contributedto B.appliedto C.gotusedto

D.turnedto參考答案：A11.Don’tcomethismorning.Iwouldratheryou______thedayaftertomorrow.A.come

B.came

C.aretocome

D.willcome參考答案：B略12.Mostpeoplearefamiliarwiththeideathatallmatterintheuniverse_______atoms.A.makesup

B.makesupof

C.consistsin

D.consistsof參考答案：D13.Itissleepinglateinthemorningthat

beinglateforwork.A.devotesto

B.sticksto

C.refersto

D.leadsto參考答案：D14.You’llpay_____thatremark!A.off B.forC.back D.out參考答案：B【詳解】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：你會(huì)為那句話付出代價(jià)的!A.payoff付清；取得成功；B.payfor為……付出代價(jià)；賠償；C.payback償還；報(bào)答；D.payout付出；報(bào)復(fù)。根據(jù)句意故選B。15.Theambulancewasjustarriving,foraworker,who____________thewindowonthesecondfloor,felloffthewindow.

A.hadbeenrepairing

B.wasrepairingC.hasbeenrepairing

D.wouldberepairing參考答案：A16.Iam_______thegovernmentaswellastothegeneralpublicforjusttreatment________peasant-workers,whohavemadegreatcontributiontotheimprovementofcitylife.A.asking;onbehalfof

B.applying;inthenameofC.demanding;inthenameof

D.appealingto;onbehalfof參考答案：D17.Wasitinthelibrary______heoftenwenttodosomereading________hemettheprettygirl?A．that；that

B．where；where

C．where；that

D．that；where參考答案：C18.Though___________money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.

lacked

B.lackingof

C.lacking

D.lackedin參考答案：C19.He

theconclusionwiththe

evidenceandpresenteditattheconference.A.draws;supporting

B.drew;supportingC.cameto;supported

D.reached;supported參考答案：B二、完型填空20.WhenIwasyounger,Iwasverysporty.Mydadisarunnerwhogreat___21___me.Mygreathobbybetweentheages11and14wascross-country___22___.However,whenmyfamily___23___,mynewschooldidn'tpayattentionto___24___,andhadnoafter-schoolactivitieslikefootballorrunning.Overthenextfewyears,I___25___exercisingexceptduringP.E.lessonsatschool.Iwas___26___thatIcouldeatwhatIwantedanddidn'tputonanyweight,soitlookedlikeIwashealthy,butinrealityIwasvery___27___.WhenIstarteduniversity,IdecidedthatIwouldtryandgetfit,butbythenIwasworriedabout___28___myselfinfrontofotherpeople.___29___,thisyear,oneofmyNewYear'spromiseshasbeentotryandgetinshape.This___30___cameafterIwaslateforabus,triedtorunafteritandwasveryoutof___31___inunderaminute!Iconsidered___32___runningagain,yetmyhousematetriedtopracticeyoga,somyNewYear's___33___wasdelayed.Finally,oneofmyfriends___34___aswimmingpoolclosetomyhousethatshehadgonetoafewtimes.Now,Ilove___35___,andIfinddoinglapsinthepoolveryrelaxing.Expertssayeveryoneshoulddo30minutesofproper___36___everyday,soI'mstartingwithanhourthreetimesaweekand___37___everyday.IhopethatIwillsoonstarttofeelthe___38___ofregularexercise,andwillbecomefitterand___39___.Inthelongterm,Iknowitwillbeverygoodforme,and___40___allsortsofhealthproblemsthatoftenoccurinlaterlife.21.A.understood

B.created

C.discouraged

D.influenced22.A.skiing

B.jogging

C.running

D.driving23.A.collected

B.moved

C.saved

D.travelled24.A.sports

B.lessons

C.parents

D.seats25.A.tried

B.stopped

C.enjoyed

D.risked26.A.obvious

B.rich

C.lucky

D.nervous27.A.unusual

B.unlucky

C.unconscious

D.unfit28.A.helping

B.introducing

C.embarrassing

D.teaching29.A.Even

B.However

C.Also

D.Thus30.A.decision

B.advice

C.method

D.praise31.A.control

B.order

C.date

D.breath32.A.takingin

B.holdingup

C.takingup

D.turningout33.A.resolve

B.present

C.party

D.welcome34.A.saw

B.ran

C.met

D.recommended35.A.swimming

B.running

C.boating

D.touring36.A.place

B.way

C.exercise

D.light37.A.gettingup

B.buildingup

C.puttingup

D.makingup38.A.actions

B.hobbies

C.glasses

D.benefits39.A.quicker

B.stronger

C.higher

D.braver40.A.prevent

B.suffer

C.treat

D.show參考答案：21.D

22.C

23.B

24.A

25.B

26.C

27.D

28.C

29.B

30.A

31.D

32.C

33.A

34.D

35.A

36.C

37.B

38.D

39.B

40.A【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章主要講了作者小時(shí)候很喜歡跑步。作者搬家后，新學(xué)校不重視運(yùn)動(dòng)，作者也就不怎么運(yùn)動(dòng)了。隨著時(shí)間的流逝，作者意識(shí)到了健康出現(xiàn)了問(wèn)題，重新開(kāi)始了體育運(yùn)動(dòng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)Mygreathobbybetweentheages11and14wascross-country___2___.可知我的父親是一名跑步者，他對(duì)我影響很大。A.understood明白；B.created創(chuàng)造；C.discouraged勸阻；D.influenced影響，故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)Iconsidered___12___runningagain在十一歲到十四歲之間，我最大的愛(ài)好是越野賽跑。A.skiing滑雪；B.jogging慢跑；C.running賽跑；D.driving駕駛，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)mynewschooldidn'tpayattentionto___4___,可知我家搬家了。A.collected收集；B.moved搬家；C.saved節(jié)?。籇.travelled旅行，故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)andhadnoafter-schoolactivitieslikefootballorrunning.可知我的新學(xué)校不重視運(yùn)動(dòng)。A.sports運(yùn)動(dòng)；B.lessons課程；C.parents父母；D.seats座位，故選A。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)mynewschooldidn'tpayattentionto___4___,andhadnoafter-schoolactivitieslikefootballorrunning.可知這里意思是除了學(xué)校的體育課，我停止了運(yùn)動(dòng)。A.tried嘗試；B.stopped停止；C.enjoyed喜愛(ài)；D.risked冒險(xiǎn)，故選B?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)thatIcouldeatwhatIwantedanddidn'tputonanyweight,soitlookedlikeIwashealthy我可以想吃什么就吃什么，不會(huì)增加體重，所以看起來(lái)我很健康，由此可知我是幸運(yùn)的。A.obvious明顯的；B.rich富有的；C.lucky幸運(yùn)的；D.nervous緊張的，故選C。【27題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。but表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，我看起來(lái)很健康，但是，事實(shí)上，我不健康。A.unusual不尋常的；B.unlucky不幸的；C.unconscious無(wú)意識(shí)的；D.unfit不健康的，故選D。【28題詳解】考查v+ing。根據(jù)thisyear,oneofmyNewYear'spromiseshasbeentotryandgetinshape.可知這里意思是但那時(shí)，我擔(dān)心在別人面前讓自己難堪。A.helping幫助；B.introducing介紹；C.embarrassing使人尷尬的；D.teaching教，故選C?！?9題詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：然而，今年，我的新年承諾之一就是努力保持體型。A.Even甚至；B.However然而；C.Also也；D.Thus因此，故選B。【30題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：這個(gè)決定是在我錯(cuò)過(guò)了一輛公交車(chē)，試圖追上它，在不到一分鐘的時(shí)間里，我上氣不接下氣后做出的。A.decision決定；B.advice建議；C.method方法；D.praise贊美，故選A。【31題詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：這個(gè)決定是在我錯(cuò)過(guò)了一輛公交車(chē)，試圖追上它，在不到一分鐘的時(shí)間里，我上氣不接下氣后做出的。A.outofcontrol失去控制；B.outoforder發(fā)生故障；C.outofdate過(guò)期的；D.outofbreath上氣不接下氣，故選D。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我考慮再次從事跑步。A.takingin吸收；B.holdingup舉起；C.takingup開(kāi)始從事；D.turningout結(jié)果是，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文thisyear,oneofmyNewYear'spromiseshasbeentotryandgetinshape.可知這里意思是我的新年決定被延遲了。這里是同義詞重現(xiàn)。A.resolve決定；B.present呈現(xiàn)；C.party參加社交聚會(huì)；D.welcome歡迎，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：最后，我的一個(gè)朋友推薦了我家附近的一個(gè)游泳池，她去過(guò)幾次。A.saw看到；B.ran跑；C.met遇見(jiàn)；D.recommended推薦，故選D?！?5題詳解】考查v+ing辨析。根據(jù)Finally,oneofmyfriends___14___aswimmingpoolclosetomyhousethatshehadgonetoafewtimes.可知現(xiàn)在，我愛(ài)游泳。A.swimming游泳；B.running跑步；C.boating劃船；D.touring旅行，故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)IhopethatIwillsoonstarttofeelthe___18___ofregularexercise,可知專(zhuān)家說(shuō)每個(gè)人每天應(yīng)該做30分鐘適當(dāng)?shù)倪\(yùn)動(dòng)。A.place地方；B.way方法；C.exercise運(yùn)動(dòng)；D.light光線，故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：所以我從每周三次，每次一小時(shí)開(kāi)始，每天都在增加。A.gettingup起床；B.buildingup增進(jìn)；C.puttingup舉起；D.makingup化妝，故選B?！?8題詳解】考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)andwillbecomefitterand___19___.可知這里意思是我希望我將很快開(kāi)始感受到定期鍛煉的好處。A.actions行動(dòng)；B.hobbies愛(ài)好；C.glasses眼鏡；D.benefits福利，故選D?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：我的身體將會(huì)變得更健康，更強(qiáng)壯。A.quicker更快；B.stronger更強(qiáng)壯；C.higher更高；D.braver更勇敢，故選B。【40題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，我知道這對(duì)我很有好處，可以防止以后生活中經(jīng)常發(fā)生的各種健康問(wèn)題。A.prevent阻止；B.suffer遭受；C.treat對(duì)待；D.show顯示，故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】完形填空是高考英語(yǔ)中最難的一個(gè)題，正確解答完形填空題是考試成功至關(guān)重要的保障。完形填空所選的文章都是具有邏輯關(guān)系、意義相連的語(yǔ)篇，因此，在行文中不可避免地會(huì)出現(xiàn)詞語(yǔ)的復(fù)現(xiàn)、前后同義或反義、相互照應(yīng)等現(xiàn)象。所以，解題時(shí)應(yīng)聯(lián)系上下文尋找相關(guān)線索，如某一個(gè)詞的原詞、指代詞、同義詞、近義詞、上義詞、下義詞和概括詞等。完形填空的解題方法很多，而詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法就是最常見(jiàn)的方法之一。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、概括詞復(fù)現(xiàn)以及結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)現(xiàn)等。本題中的2小題中的running；13小題中的promises和resolve；16小題中的exercise等都采用了同義詞或原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)的方法。但由于我們?cè)谧鲱}時(shí)不可能總是重復(fù)地閱讀文章，因此，在做完形填空時(shí)要培養(yǎng)一種捕捉并記憶相關(guān)信息的能力。21.完形填空（共20小題，小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Asamusicteacher,Ihavealwaysknownthatmusictouchesthesoul.Itcan__36__allkindsofbarrierstoreachstudentsinaveryspecialway.Itcanbethe__37__foreachchildtofindtheirlight.Iwouldliketo__38__astoryaboutit.ForafewyearsIwas__39__withtheopportunitytoteachdisabledstudents.Oneofmymost__40__studentswasafive-year-oldgirlcalledVanessa,whohaddifficultywalking,andcouldnotspeak.We__41__satonthefloorforourmusiclessonsandVanessalikedto__42__onmylap(大腿).OneofherfavoritesongswasJohntheRabbit.ItwasacallandresponsesongwhereIsangthecallandthestudents__43__twicewhilesingingtherepeatingphrase，“Oh,yes！”Vanessalikedto__44__herhandstogetherwithmineandclapwithme.Weprobablyperformedthatsongduringeveryclass,VanessaandIclappingtogether.Butshe__45__saidorsangaword.Oneday,whenthesongwasfinished,Vanessaturnedaround，__46__meintheeye,clappedhertinyhandstwiceandsaidthewords“Oh,yes！”Iopenedmymouthin__47__andforthatmomentIwastheonewhocouldnotspeak.

Whenmyheart__48__startedbeatingagain,Ilookedoverattheassistantteachertofindheralso__49___.Throughmusic,wehadmadeanawesomeconnection.Severalyearslater,ImetVanessaonthestreetintown.Shewavedwithabig__50__onherfaceandthenclappedherhandstwice,imitatingthesongwehad__51__somanytimesinourmusicclass.Thelittlegirl,__52__herconnectionwithmusic,leftanimpressiononmethatwilllastforever.Everychildhasthe__53__tolearnandgrow.Itisuptousto__54__thewaytoreacheachandeveryoneofourstudents.Weallmustfindeachchild's__55__.36.A.getacross

B.putaway

C.takeover

D.breakthrough37.A.means

B.direction

C.process

D.effort38.A.add

B.talk

C.share

D.write39.A.blessed

B.tired

C.covered

D.filled40.A.troublesome

B.hardworking

C.memorable

D.sensitive41.A.most

B.almost

C.nearly

D.mostly42.A.stand

B.sit

C.lie

D.jump43.A.sang

B.said

C.followed

D.clapped44.A.strike

B.put

C.give

D.shake45.A.ever

B.never

C.still

D.even46.A.looked

B.saw

C.glared

D.noticed47.A.horror

B.delight

C.astonishment

D.embarrassment48.A.immediately

B.fortunately

C.slowly

D.finally49.A.happy

B.grateful

C.speechless

D.hopeless50.A.greeting

B.smile

C.expression

D.sign51.A.performed

B.operated

C.trained

D.organized52.A.upon

B.through

C.from

D.beyond53.A.standard

B.ability

C.plan

D.necessity54.A.discover

B.invent

C.test

D.make55.A.virtue

B.dream

C.light

D.rhythm參考答案：36-40DACAC

41-45DBDBB

46-50ACDCB

51-55ABBAC三、閱讀理解22.Plastic-EatingWormsHumansproducemorethan300milliontonsofplasticeveryyear.Almosthalfofthatwindsupinlandfills(垃圾填埋場(chǎng)),andupto12milliontonspollutetheoceans.Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.ResearchersinSpainandEnglandrecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene,whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.Theteamleft100waxwormsonacommercialpolyethyleneshoppingbagfor12hours,andthewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams,oralmost3%ofit.Toconfirmthattheworms’chewingalonewasnotresponsibleforthepolyethylenebreakdown,theresearchersmadesomewormsintopaste(糊狀物)andappliedittoplasticfilms.14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass—apparentlybrokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromtheworms’stomachs.TheirfindingswerepublishedinCurrentBiologyin2017.FedericaBertocchini,co-authorofthestudy,saystheworms’abilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfood—beeswax—alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic.“Waxisacomplexmixture,butthebasicbondinpolyethylene,thecarbon-carbonbond,isthereaswell,”sheexplains,“Thewaxwormevolvedamethodorsystemtobreakthisbond.”JenniferDeBruyn,amicrobiologistattheUniversityofTennessee,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysitisnotsurprisingthatsuchwormscanbreakdownpolyethylene.Butcomparedwithpreviousstudies,shefindsthespeedofbreakingdowninthisoneexciting.Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,willbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(腸道微生物)?Bertocchiniagreesandhopesherteam’sfindingsmightonedayhelpemploytheenzymetobreakdownplasticsinlandfills.Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply“millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.”32.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewormsinthestudy?A.Theytakeplasticsastheireverydayfood.B.Theyarenewlyevolvedcreatures.C.Theycanconsumeplastics.D.Theywindupinlandfills.33.AccordingtoJenniferDeBruyn,thenextstepofthestudyisto.A.identifyothermeansofthebreakdownB.findoutthesourceoftheenzymeC.confirmtheresearchfindingsD.increasethebreakdownspeed34.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatthechemicalmight.A.helptoraisewormsB.helpmakeplasticbagsC.beusedtocleantheoceansD.beproducedinfactoriesinfuture35.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainastudymethodonworms.B.Tointroducethedietofaspecialworm.C.Topresentawaytobreakdownplastics.D.Toproposenewmeanstokeepeco-balance.參考答案：32.C

33.B

34.D

35.C本文為說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一種吃塑料的蟲(chóng)子大蠟螟，它胃中的酶能夠降解塑料，這為解決塑料污染提供了新的途徑。【32題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段FedericaBertocchini,co-authorofthestudy,saystheworms’abilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfood—beeswax—alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic.可知，研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，蠕蟲(chóng)分解日常食物的能力讓它們可以分解塑料，也就是說(shuō)它們可以消費(fèi)塑料。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,willbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(腸道微生物)?可知，下一步研究是辨清分解的原因，查明這種酶來(lái)源于哪里，是蟲(chóng)子自己產(chǎn)生的還是它腸道里的微生物產(chǎn)生的。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply＂millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.＂可以推斷出，Bertocchini希望這種化學(xué)物質(zhì)將來(lái)能在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中使用，而不是僅僅依靠蠕蟲(chóng)來(lái)分解塑料。故選D?！?5題詳解】寫(xiě)作意圖題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.可知，有一種新的方法被用于分解塑料。再根據(jù)最后一段最后一句Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply＂millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.＂可知，Bertocchini希望將這種方法推廣到工業(yè)中。由此可以推知寫(xiě)作意圖為介紹一種分解塑料的方法。故選C。點(diǎn)睛：根據(jù)不同文體，推斷目的意圖。不同的文章可能有不同的寫(xiě)作目的，通常作者的寫(xiě)作目的有以下三種：1)toentertainreaders（娛樂(lè)讀者，讓人發(fā)笑），常見(jiàn)于故事類(lèi)的文章。2)topersuadereaders（說(shuō)服讀者接受某種觀點(diǎn)），常見(jiàn)于廣告類(lèi)的文章。3)toinformreaders（告知讀者某些信息），多見(jiàn)于科普類(lèi)﹑新聞報(bào)道類(lèi)﹑文化類(lèi)或社會(huì)類(lèi)的文章。閱讀時(shí)要善于根據(jù)文章的文體來(lái)學(xué)會(huì)推斷作者的情感態(tài)度和目的。本題的最后一題為寫(xiě)作意圖題。文章為說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)蠕蟲(chóng)可以分解塑料。因此可以推著寫(xiě)作意圖是告知、告訴讀者一種新的分解塑料的方法。23.Learninganylanguageishard,butlearningEnglishcanbeespeciallychallenging.Why?Becausenativespeakersusethelanguageinwaysthattextbookscouldneverdescribe.Inparticular,wordsthatBritishpeopleusecausemanylanguagestudentstoscratch(JT)theirheads.Here'sanexample:YouhappentohearaBritoncallingsomeonea“wazzock”.Butwhatexactlyisawazzock?Thisword,infact,meansafoolishperson,althoughthere'snothingaboutitthatwouldhelpyouguessthat.TherearemanystrangetermslikethisinBritishEnglish-theOxfordEnglishDictionarywouldbemuchsmallerwithoutthesestrangeusagesfillingitspages.Howcantheseoddwordsbeexplained?PartoftheansweristheBritishsenseofhumor.Britonsdon'tliketotakethingstooseriously,andthisisevidentthroughmanyBritishwordsandphrases.Forexample,tospendapennymeanstousethebathroom.Itreferstothedayswhenpeoplehadtopayapennytouseapublictoilet.InaninterviewfortheBBC'swebsite,BritishlinguistDavidCrystalsuggestedtheremaybehistoricalreasonsforthesheernumberofoddwordsand.phrasesinBritishEnglish.Hethinksthattheybeganinthelate16thand.early17thcenturies.Thiswasagreatageforthetheatre,whenShakespeareandotherwritersworkedhardtokeepupwiththedemandfornewplays.Thetheatre'spopularityalsocreatedanincentive(刺激)toinventnewwords.Withthisinmind,perhapsShakespeareandhispeersaretoblameforunusualBritishwordssuchas“codswallop”and“balderdash”—whichboth,ironically,meannonsense.Whilethesestrangewordsmaybeconfusingtonon-nativespeakers,theycertainlymakestudyingEnglishalotmoreinteresting.8.Accordingtothetext,whymaynon-native

speakersfindithardtolearnEnglish?A.Agreatmanystrangewordsmakenosensetothem.B.Dictionariesdon'texplainoddusagesofmanywords.C.TheEnglishtextbookstheystudyareusualoutofdate.D.TheEnglishvocabularyistoolargeforthemtolearn.9.Withtheexampleof“spendapenny”.theauthorintendsto______.A.explainthemeaningandbackgroundofthephraseB.explainhowsomestrangephaseswerecreatedC.showwhattypicalBritishsenseofhumourisD.showBritishpeople'sattitudetowardstrangewords10.AccordingtoDavidCrystal,______.A.manyofthewordsthatShakespeareinventedwerenonsenseB.Shakespeare'swor