山西省大同市吉家莊中學(xué)2022年高三英語模擬試卷含解析

山西省大同市吉家莊中學(xué)2022年高三英語模擬試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Wecametothestation________alltheway,only________thetrainhadjustleft.A.running,told B.torun,tellingC.torun,tobetold D.running,tobetold參考答案：D【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：我們一路跑往車站，卻被告知火車剛剛離開。分析句式可知，一路跑過去是作句子的伴隨狀語，要用現(xiàn)在分詞表示同時進(jìn)行，因此第一空用running；急忙的趕過去卻發(fā)現(xiàn)火車離開了是出乎意料的結(jié)果，不定式作結(jié)果狀語表出乎意料的結(jié)果，其邏輯主語we與tell之間是被動關(guān)系，因此第二空用不定式的被動語態(tài)tobedone。故選D?！军c睛】非謂語動詞是高考必考考點，也是貫穿整個高中階段的重要知識內(nèi)容，需要考生準(zhǔn)確的把握住三種非謂語動詞形式各自的特點和用法，此處考查的是非謂語動詞作狀語的用法，主要要求考生區(qū)別三種非謂語形式作狀語的基本用法，尤其是其特殊之處，例如第一空作伴隨狀語的常常使用現(xiàn)在分詞，作目的狀語的常常使用不定式，此處的難度在第二空，不定式和現(xiàn)在分詞都可表結(jié)果，但他們的區(qū)別是不定式表出乎意料的結(jié)果，現(xiàn)在分詞表自然而然的結(jié)果。2.IstaredintotheblacknessandwonderedifhewasasawareofmypresenceasI

.A.wasofhis

B.didofhim

C.washim

D.didhis參考答案：A3.Recentpressureatworkmay____hisabnormalbehavior.A.pushfor

B.exchangeforC.accountfor

D.headfor參考答案：C考查動詞詞組辨析。A.pushfor為……而分離爭?。籅.exchangefor交換；C.accountfor解釋；D.headfor朝……走去。句意：最近工作壓力可能是他反常行為的原因。故選C。4.Agriculture_____about14percentofglobalgreenhousegasemissions,andtransportingthefoodaroundaddstotheenvironmentalcost.

A.caresfor

B.appliesfor

C.accountsfor

D.answersfor參考答案：C5.Inordertogetgoodmarksinthecomingexam,myson______lateeverynightinthepastthreeweeks.A.studies

B.studied

C.hasbeenstudying

D.wasstudying參考答案：C6.—Ourholidaycostalotofmoney．

—Didit?Well,thatdoesn'tmatter___youenjoyedyourselves．

A．a(chǎn)slongas

B．unless

C．a(chǎn)ssoonas

D．though參考答案：A7.Thepolicestillhaven’tfoundthelostchild,butthey’redoingallthey_____.A.can

B.may

C.must

D.should參考答案：A8.________doingmoreexercisetoloseweight,manyteenagerswouldratherbeacouchpotato.A.Insteadof

B.Asaresultof

C.Inspiteof

D.Regardlessof參考答案：A略9.LastChristmasmyfathergavemesointerestingabookasapresent___nothingelsecouldmatch.

A.that

B.as

C.where

D.which參考答案：B10.—Oh,fantastic!WhatisyourcommentonthesongJingubang？

—Terriblysorry!I_____.

A.didn’tlisten

B.wasn’tlistening

C.haven’tlistened

D.hadn’tlistened參考答案：B11.Youcan’tpredicteverything.Oftenthingsdon’t______asyouexpect.A.runout

B.

workout

C.breakout

D.putout參考答案：B12._____thatthegovernmentcanleadthemoutofthefinancialcrisis,peopleareoptimisticaboutthefutureofthecountry.A.Convincing

B.Convinced

C.Toconvince

D.Havingconvinced參考答案：B略13.Tomakejourneyssafer，thegovernmenthasdemandedallhigh-speedtrainsrun

aslowerpace．

A．through

B．a(chǎn)t

C．with

D．a(chǎn)cross參考答案：B14.—John,youshouldn'thaveparkedyourcarhere.

—Sorry.I_

__thesign.

A．haven'tseen

B．don'tsee

C．didn'tsee

D．hadn'tseen

參考答案：C15.--Soyougaveheryourphone?--__________.Shesaidshe'dreturnittomewhenshecouldaffordherown.A.Notexactly

B.Mypleasure

C.Nodoubt

D.Allright

參考答案：A略16.Saveyourapologyfor

youreallymakeeverythingamess.A.unless B.once C.when D.though參考答案：C17.—Haveyoureadthisbook?—Yes.Butthatoneis_______worth_______.A.more;toread

B.more;readingC.better;reading

D.better;beingread參考答案：C二、填空18.語法填空PatriciaPaniawantedtobewasamotherandhome-maker.But16.___________lifewasturnedupsidedownwhenamotorist,17._____________(distract)byhiscellphone,ranastopsignandcrashedintothesideofhercar.Theimpactkilledher2-year-olddaughter.Fourmonthslater,Paniareluctantlybut18.____________(courage)decidedtotrytoeducatethepublicandtofight19.______________lawstobandriversfromusingcellphones20._____________acarismoving.Inherfirstspeech,Paniawasvisiblytremblingandhervoicewassoftanduncertain.Butasshegotintoherspeech,adramatic21.________________(transform)tookplace.Shestopped22._____________(shake)andspokewith23._____________strongvoice.Fortherestofhertalk,shewasaforcefulandcompellingspeaker.Shewantedeveryoneintheaudiencetoknow24._____________sheknewwithouthavingtolearnitfromapersonaltragedy.Manyintheaudienceweremovedtotearsandtoaction.Insubsequentpresentations,Paniagainedreputation25._____________ahighlyeffectivespeaker.

參考答案：16her,17distracted,18courageously,19for,20while,21transformation,22shaking,23a,24what,25as略19.Officialfiguresshowthatthenumberofpeopletakinginternational___61___(flight)isdecreasing,andthatthisisresultinginsignificantchangestoholidayinghabits.

Asthecostofairticketsincreases,___62___appearsthatmoreandmorefamiliesarechoosingtospendtheirsummerholidaysathome.Formanyparents,asummerwithnoovercrowdedresortsmayseemquite___63___(attract),buttheideamightwellbelesspopularwithteenagechildren,___64___areprobablyusedtoflyingofftotheMediterraneanorMiamiassoonasschoolbreaksup.

So,thequestionis,howcanyoungpeopleenjoythemselves___65___(thorough)whensomuchisclosedfortheholidays,andsomanyof___66___(they)friendsareboundtobeaway?Nowadays,manysportscentresorganizesummeractivitiesaimedatyoungpeople___67___(interest)eitherinindoororoutdoorsports.Thesemightrange,forexample,fromplayingtabletennis___68___goingmountain-biking.Aswellasbeinghealthyandenjoyable,takingpartinactivitieslikethese___69___(be)alsoanexcellentwaytomakenewfriends.Forthemostpopularactivities,though,itisadvisable___70___(apply)earlyforaplace,perhapstwoorthreemonthsinadvance.參考答案：61.flights

62.it

63.attractive

64.who

65.thoroughly

66.their

67.interested

68.to

69.is

70.toapply本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了“新興的環(huán)保度假方式一在家度假”及其對青少年的影響?！?1題詳解】考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。flight為可數(shù)名詞，此處為泛指，故填其復(fù)數(shù)形式flights?！?2題詳解】考查it的用法。it作形式主語，真正的主語為that引導(dǎo)的從句，故填it?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞作表語的用法。seem為半系動詞，設(shè)空處作表語，表示“有吸引力的”，故填attractive?！?4題詳解】考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞teenagechildren，且在從句中作主語，故填who?！?5題詳解】考查副詞。設(shè)空處修飾動詞enjoy，故填thoroughly?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞性物主代詞。設(shè)空處修飾friends，故填their?！?7題詳解】考查動詞-ed形式作后置定語的用法。interest與其邏輯主語youngpeople之間是動賓關(guān)系，故填interested?！?8題詳解】考查介詞。fromto意為“從……到……”，為固定搭配。故填to?！?9題詳解】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。設(shè)空處充當(dāng)謂語，其主語為takingpartinactivitieslikethese，且表示一般事實，故填is?！?0題詳解】考查動詞不定式作主語的用法。設(shè)空處所在分句中的it是形式主語，真正的主語是toapplyearlyforaplace。故填toapply。三、閱讀理解20.Thelastdecadesawtheriseofthefieldof“plantneurobiology(神經(jīng)生物學(xué))”.Thatdebatablefieldisbasedontheideathatplants——whichdonotpossessbrains——handleinformationinwayssimilartocomplicatedanimalnervoussystems.Thisthinkingimpliesthatplantscouldfeelhappinessorsorroworpain,makeintentionaldecisionsandevenpossessconsciousness.Butthechancesofthatare“effectivelyzero,"LincolnTaizandcolleagueswriteinanopinionpieceinTrendsinPlantScience."There'snothingintheplantremotelycomparabletothecomplexityoftheanimalbrain,"saysTaiz,fromtheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaCruz.Someplantsarecapableofcomplicatedbehavior.Woundedleavescansendwarningsignalstootherpartsoftheplant,andharmfulchemicalscanwarnanimalsthateatthem.Someplantsmayevenhaveaversionofshort-termmemory:Tinysensinghairscancountthenumberoftouchesthatcomefromaclumsyinsect.Butplantsperformthesewithequipmentthat'sverydifferentfromthenervoussystemsofanimals,nobrainrequired,Taizargues.Heandcolleaguespointoutmethodological(方法的)faultsinsomeofthestudiesthatclaimplantshavebrain-likecommandcenters,animal-likenervecellsandchangingpatternsofelectricitythataresimilartoactivityfoundinanimalbrains.Butbeyondthedebateoverhowthesestudiesareconducted,Taiz'steamarguesthatplantconsciousnessdoesn'tevenmakesensefromanevolutionary(進(jìn)化的)pointofview.Complicatedanimalbrainsadvancedinparttohelpalivingbeingcatchamealandavoidbecomingone,Taizsays.Butplantsarerootedtothegroundandrelyonsunlightforenergy,aninactivelifestylethatdoesn'trequirequickthinkingoroutsmartingapredator(捕食者)——ortheenergeticallyexpensivenervoussystemsthatenablethosebehaviors.“Whatusewouldconsciousnessbetoaplant?”Taizasks.Theenergyrequiredtopowerawarenesswouldbetoocostly,andthebenefitfromsuchawarenesstoosmall.Ifaplantworriedandsufferedwhenfacedwithathreat,itwouldbewastingsomuchenergythatitwouldn'thaveanylefttodoanythingaboutthatthreat,Taizsays.Imagineaforestfire."It'sunbearabletoevenconsidertheideathatplantswouldbeconsciousbeingsawareofthefactthatthey'rebeingburnedtoashes,watchingtheyoungtreesdieinfrontofthem,"Taizsays.Thefrighteningsceneillustrates"whatitwouldactuallycostaplanttohaveconsciousness."Furthermore,plantshaveplentytodowithouthavingtobeconscious,too.Withsunlight,carbondioxideandwater,plantscreatethecompounds(化合物)thatsustainmuchoftherestoflifeonEarth,Taizpointsout."Isn'tthatenough?"42.AccordingtoParagraph1,aplantneurobiologistwouldmostprobablyagreethat______.A.plantsarecapableofindependentthinkingB.plantsareasbiologicallycomplexasanimalsC.plantsdevelopednervoussystemsforsurvivalD.plantsfeelemotionsinthesamewayasanimals43.Whatdoestheunderlined"one”inParagraph4referto?A.Apredator.B.Ameal.C.Aninactiveplant.D.Alivingbeing.44WhichstatementdoesLincholTaizbelieve?A.Plantspossessbrain-likecommandcenters.B.Thelifestyleofplantsrequiresnervoussystems.C.Itisunnecessaryforplantstohaveconsciousness.D.Nervoussystemsenableplantstofighttheirpredators.45.LincolnTaizintroducesaforestfireto______.A.suggestnewwaystostudythebehaviorsofplantsB.discussthepossibilityofplantsescapingadisasterC.illustratehowplantsmakedecisionsinfaceofdangersD.proveconsciousnesswoulddoplantsmoreharmthangood參考答案：42.A

43.B

44.C

45.D【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了神經(jīng)生物學(xué)認(rèn)為植物擁有意識，但是加州大學(xué)圣克魯斯分校的塔伊茲教授并不同意這種觀點。并對此進(jìn)行了說明?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thatdebatablefieldisbasedontheideathatplantswhichdonotpossessbrainshandleinformationinwayssimilartocomplicatedanimalnervoussystems.Thisthinkingimpliesthatplantscouldfeelhappinessorsorroworpain,makeintentionaldecisionsandevenpossessconsciousness.”可知，神經(jīng)生物學(xué)認(rèn)為沒有大腦的植物處理信息的方式與復(fù)雜的動物神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)相似，這種觀點暗示著植物可以感受快樂或悲傷或痛苦，做出有意的決定，甚至擁有意識，由此判斷出，神經(jīng)生物學(xué)家很可能會同意“植物能夠獨(dú)立思考”這一說法，故A項正確?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的“Complicatedanimalbrainsadvancedinparttohelpalivingbeingcatchameal”可知，復(fù)雜的動物大腦進(jìn)化的部分原因是為了幫助它們捕捉食物，此處承接這一話題，是說它們避免讓自己成為別人的食物，由此可知畫線詞指的就是前面提到的meal，故B項正確?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段““Whatusewouldconsciousnessbetoaplant?”Taizasks.Theenergyrequiredtopowerawarenesswouldbetoocostly,andthebenefitfromsuchawarenesstoosmall.Ifaplantworriedandsufferedwhenfacedwithathreat,itwouldbewastingsomuchenergythatitwouldn'thaveanylefttodoanythingaboutthatthreat,Taizsays.”可知，意識對植物有什么用?塔伊茲問道，為意識提供所需的能源成本太高，而這種意識帶來的好處又太小，塔伊茲說，如果一株植物在面臨威脅時憂心忡忡并受苦，那么它就會浪費(fèi)太多的能源，以致對這種威脅束手無策，由此判斷出塔伊茲認(rèn)為植物沒有必要具有意識，故C項正確?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Imagineaforestfire."It'sunbearabletoevenconsidertheideathatplantswouldbeconsciousbeingsawareofthefactthatthey'rebeingburnedtoashes,watchingtheyoungtreesdieinfrontofthem,"Taizsays.Thefrighteningsceneillustrates"whatitwouldactuallycostaplanttohaveconsciousness."”可知，想象一下森林大火，塔伊茲說：“我們甚至都無法想象這樣的想法，即植物是有意識的生物，意識到它們正被燒成灰燼，看著小樹在它們面前死去”，這個可怕的場景說明了“植物擁有意識的實際代價是什么”，這說明擁有意識會讓植物在森林大火中承受自己被燒和失去孩子的雙重痛苦，由此判斷出，塔伊茲提到森林大火是為了證明擁有意識對植物弊大于利，故D項正確?！军c睛】本篇第4題難度較大，抓住提到森林大火時塔伊茲說的話是關(guān)鍵，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Imagineaforestfire."It'sunbearabletoevenconsidertheideathatplantswouldbeconsciousbeingsawareofthefactthatthey'rebeingburnedtoashes,watchingtheyoungtreesdieinfrontofthem,"Taizsays.Thefrighteningsceneillustrates"whatitwouldactuallycostaplanttohaveconsciousness."”可知，想象一下森林大火，塔伊茲說：“我們甚至都無法想象這樣的想法，即植物是有意識的生物，意識到它們正被燒成灰燼，看著小樹在它們面前死去”，這個可怕的場景說明了“植物擁有意識的實際代價是什么”，這說明擁有意識會讓植物在森林大火中承受自己被燒和失去孩子的雙重痛苦，由此判斷出，塔伊茲提到森林大火是為了證明擁有意識對植物弊大于利。21.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。HecameintotheroomtoshutthewindowswhilewewerestillinbedandIsawhelookedill.Hewasshivering,hisfacewaswhite,andhewalkedslowlyasthoughitachedtomove.“What’sthematter,Schatz?”“I’vegotaheadache.”“You’dbettergobacktobed.”“No,Iamallright.”“Yougotobed.I’llseeyouwhenI’mdressed.”ButwhenIcamedownstairshewasdressed,sittingbythefire,lookingaverysickandmiserableboyofnineyears.WhenIputmyhandonhisforeheadIknewhehadafever.“Yougouptobed,”Isaid,“Youaresick.”“I’mallright,”hesaid.Whenthedoctorcamehetooktheboy’stemperature.“Whatisit?”Iaskedhim.“Onehundredandtwodegree.”Downstairs,thedoctorleftthreedifferentmedicinesindifferentcolor1edcapsuleswithinstructionsforgivingthem.Thegermsofinfluenza(流感)canonlyexistinanacidcondition,heexplained.Heseemedtoknowallaboutinfluenzaandsaidtherewasnothingtoworryaboutifthefeverdidnotgoaboveonehundredandfourdegrees.Thiswasalightepidemic(傳染病)offluandtherewasnodangerifyouavoidedpneumonia(肺炎).BackintheroomIwrotetheboy’stemperaturedownandmadeanoteofthetimetogivethevariouscapsules.“Doyouwantmetoreadtoyou?”“Allright.Ifyouwantto,”saidtheboy.Hisfacewasverywhiteandthereweredarkareasunderhiseyes.Helaystillinthebed.IreadaloudfromHowardPyle’sBookofPirates;butIcouldseehewasnotfollowingwhatIwasreading.“Howdoyoufeel,Schatz?”“Justthesame,sofar,”hesaid.IsatatthefootofthebedandreadtomyselfwhileIwaitedforittobetimetogiveanothercapsule.Itwouldhavebeennaturalforhimtogotosleep,butwhenIlookeduphewaslookingatthefootofthebed,lookingverystrangely.“Whydon’tyoutrytosleep?I’llwakeyouupforthemedicine.”“I’dratherstayawake.”Afterawhilehesaidtome,“youdon’thavetostayherewithme,Papa,ifitbothersyou.”“Itdoesn’tbotherme.”“No,Imeanyoudon’thavetostayifit’sgoingtobotheryou.”Ithoughtperhapshewasalittlelightheadedandaftergivinghimtheprescribedcapsulesateleveno’clockIwentoutwithmygunandtheyounghuntingdog…Ikilledtwoquail(鵪鶉),andmissedfive,andstartedbackpleasedtohavefoundacoveyofquailclosetothehouseandhappythereweresomanylefttofindonanotherday.Atthehousetheysaidtheboyhadrefusedtoletanyonecomeintotheroom.“Youcan’tcomein,”hesaid.“youmustn’tgetwhatIhave.”IwentuptohimandfoundhiminexactlythepositionIhadlefthim,white-faced,butwiththetopsofhischeeksflushed(發(fā)紅)bythefever,staringstill,ashehadstared,atthefootofthebed.Itookhistemperature.“Whatisit?”“Somethinglikeahundred,”Isaid.Itwasonehundredandtwoandfourtenths.“Itwasahundredandtwo,”hesaid.“Whosaidso?”“Thedoctor.”“Yourtemperatureisallright,”Isaid,“It’snothingtoworryabout.’“Idon’tworry,”hesaid,“butIcan’tkeepfromthinking.”“Don’tthink,”Isaid.“Justtakeiteasy.”“Iamtakingiteasy,”hesaidandlookedstraightahead.Hewasevidentlyholdingtightontohimselfaboutsomething.“Takethiswithwater.”“Doyouthinkitwilldoanygood?”“Ofcourseitwill.”IsatdownandopenedthePiratebookandbegantoread,butIcouldseehewasnotfollowing,soIstopped.“AboutwhattimedoyouthinkIamgoingtodie?”heasked.“What?”“AbouthowlongwillitbebeforeIdie?”“Youaren’tgoingtodie.What’sthematterwithyou?”“Peopledon’tdiewithafeverofonehundredandtwo.That’sasillywaytotalk.”“Iknowtheydo.AtschoolinFrancetheboystoldmeyoucan’tlivewithforty-fourdegrees.I’vegotahundredandtwo.”Hehadbeenwaitingtodieallday,eversincenineo’clockinthemorning.“YoupoorSchatz,”Isaid.“PooroldSchatz.It’slikemilesandkilometers.Youaren’tgoingtodie.That’sdifferentthermometer.Onethatthermometerthirty-sevenisnormal.Onethiskindit’sninety-eight.”“Areyousure?”“Absolutely,”Isaid,“It’slikemiles