山西省忻州市原平南坡中學2021年高三英語期末試題含解析

山西省忻州市原平南坡中學2021年高三英語期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.TheengineerhasspentoneyearworkingintheUnitedStatesanddiscoveredhowthings___________overseas.

A.manage

B.promote

C.operate

D.transform參考答案：C。本句意思是：這個工程師在美國工作了一年，知道了在國外事情是如何運作的。manage管理，promote促進，operate運轉(zhuǎn)，transform轉(zhuǎn)移。2.----Whycan’twehaveashowertonight?

----Aheavytruck______thepipesandthey_________.A.damaged;arerepaired

B.damaged;arebeingrepairedC.hasdamaged;arebeingrepaired

D.hasdamaged;arerepaired參考答案：C略3.Iapologizeifmyson______you,butIamsurethathedidn’tmeanto.

A.hurts

B.hurt

C.hashurt

D.hadhurt參考答案：C4.Expertsbelievethat___warmandcomfortablebathseemstobeaperfectwayforapatienttorecoverfrom___fearoflosingcontrolofhimself.A.the;／ B.a;the C.a;／ D.the;a參考答案：B5.

good，thefoodwassoonsoldout.A.Beingtasted B.Havingtasted

C.Tasting

D.Tasted參考答案：C6.Theybecamefriendsagainthatday,Untilthen,they

toeachotherfornearlytwoyearsA、didn’tspeak B、haven’tspoken

C、hadn’tspoken D、haven’tbeenspeaking參考答案：C7.Joseph______toeveningclassessincelastmonth,buthestillcan’tsay“What’syourname?”inRussian.A．hasbeengoing

B．went

C．goes

D．hasgone參考答案：A句意：約瑟夫自從上個月就一直去夜校，可是他仍然不能用俄語說“你叫什么名字？”。解析：考查時態(tài)。句中sincelastmonth，表示“自從上個月起”根據(jù)but后的句意，說明動作從過去發(fā)生到現(xiàn)在一直在進行著，所以要用現(xiàn)在完成進行時態(tài)。33.Thisisbyfar_______moviethatIhaveeverseen. A.aninspiring B.amuchinspiring C.themostinspiring D.themoreinspiring參考答案：C9.Thesentence，whichpuzzledJohn，wasalso

meandwehadtoturntoourEnglishteacherforhelp.A.beyond

B.over

C.after

D.off參考答案：A10.—AlicewasbornonJanuary26thandherhusband,29thofthesamemonth．

—Oh,theirbirthdaysareonlythreedays____!

A．a(chǎn)way

B．a(chǎn)part

C．later

D．further參考答案：B略11.—Withthecountry’spensionfundgapbecomingwiderthanever,retirementageshouldbepostponedimmediately.—Easiersaidthandone.________wetakeallfactorsintoaccount,weshallbefacedwithsomeothersocialproblems.A.Unless

B.Until

C.When

D.Once參考答案：A句意：——隨著國家養(yǎng)老金缺口越來越大，退休年齡應該立即推遲。——說起來容易做起來難。除非我們把所用因素考慮在內(nèi)，否則我們將面臨一些其他的社會問題。Unless除非；Until直到……；When當……時；Once一旦。A項符合語境。12.Theforestguardsoftenfindcampfiresthathavenotbeen______completely. A.turneddown

B.putout

C.putaway

D.turnedover參考答案：B13.WhenIgotoffthecrowdedbus,Ifoundmypocket______andthediscwithimportantarticles________.A.picking;going

B.picked;going

C.picked;gone

D.picking;gone參考答案：C14.Itisknowntoallthateveryminute_______fulluseof_______thelessonswillbenefitstudentsagreatdeal.

A.whichmakes;studying

B.whenmade;tostudy

C.thatmade;tostudy

D.whenismade;studying參考答案：B略15.Agoodadvertisementoftenuseswords_____peopleattachpositivemeanings．

A．that

B．which

C．withwhich

D．towhich參考答案：D16.Thereisnodoubt______theydidacompletelybadjobatthatverymoment.A.which B.whether C.how D.that參考答案：17.Althoughtheseweregoodstudents，

hadascoreabove60．

A．someone

B．none

C．everyone

D．noone

參考答案：B27.Thecityis1,500kilometers________ourvillage.A.farfrom

B.farawayfrom

C.faraway

D.awayfrom參考答案：D略二、單詞拼寫41.Hisfatherhasmadeafull_______(康復)aftertheoperation.42.Theachievementsthecityhasachievedhasbeenwidelyr_____(認可)bythepublic.

43.Trafficincitiesisbecomingincreasinglyheavy.Peopleshouldbeencouragedtousepublic_______(交通工具).

44.Ifyoucan’tkeepyourpet,youcangiveittoananimal_________(庇護所)

45.Childrenshouldlearnandobeythe________(原則)oftheschoolfirst.

46.Therewasalotofe__________(證據(jù))thatcouldprovethattheyoungmanhadstolenthecar.47.Wehavether_______(責任)toteachthesingle-childgenerationabouttheimportanceoffriendshipandlovefortheirfamilies.48.Theyhavemadegreatprogressinmachinetranslationandartificial_________(智能).49.Aftertheincident,childrenfinally______(理解，感謝)theimportanceoflearningfirstaid.

50.Yourencouragementmadememore________(有信心的)ofmyfuture.

參考答案：41.recovery42.recognized/recognised43.transport/transportation44.shelter45.principles46.evidence47.responsibility

48.intelligence

49.appreciated

50.confident三、閱讀理解20.Piaget’s

theory

of

cognitive(認知的)development

is

a

theory

about

the

nature

anddevelopmentofhumanintelligence.ItwasfirstcreatedbytheSwissdevelopmentalpsychologistJeanPiaget(1896-1980).Thetheorydealswiththenatureofknowledgeitselfandhowhumansgradually

come

to

acquire,

construct,

and

use

it.Piaget’s

theory

is

mainly

known

as

adevelopmentalstagetheory.To

Piaget,

cognitive

development

was

a

progressive

reorganization

of

mental

processesresultingfrombiologicalmaturationandenvironmentalexperience.Hebelievedthatchildrenconstructanunderstandingoftheworldaroundthem,experiencedifferencesbetweenwhattheyalready

know

and

what

they

discover

in

their

environment,

and

then

adjust

their

ideasaccordingly.Besides,Piagetclaimedthatcognitivedevelopmentisatthecenterofthehumanorganism,andlanguageisdependingonknowledgeandunderstandingacquiredthroughcognitivedevelopment.Piaget’searlierworkreceivedthegreatestattention.Child-centeredclassroomsand"openeducation"aredirectapplicationsofPiaget’sviews.Despiteitshugesuccess,Piaget’stheoryisnotperfectandPiagethasrecognizedithimself:forexample,thetheorysupportssharpstagesratherthancontinuousdevelopment.Piagetnotedthatrealityisadynamicsystemofcontinuouschange.Realityisdefined(給……下定義)inreferencetothetwoconditionsthatdefinedynamicsystems.Specifically,hearguedthatrealityinvolvestransformationsandstates.Transformationsrefertoallmannerofchangesthatathingorpersoncanexperience.Statesrefertotheconditionsortheappearancesinwhichthingsorpersonscanbefoundbetweentransformations.Forexample,theremightbechangesinshapeorform,insize,orinplacementorlocationinspaceandtime.Thus,Piagetargued,ifhumanintelligenceistobeadaptive,itmusthavefunctionstorepresentboththetransformationalandthestaticaspectsofreality.32.Whatdoestheunderlined"it"inthefirstparagraphreferto?A.Thetheory.B.Cognitivedevelopment.C.Theknowledgeitself.D.Thedevelopmentofhumanintelligence.33.Piaget’stheoryofcognitivedevelopment

.A.hassomelimitationsB.applied"openeducation"C.wasn’twellreceivedinthebeginningD.isabouthumannatureanddevelopment34.Whatarethetwoconditionsofreality?A.Spaceandtime.B.Transformationsandstates.C.Changesinshapeandform.D.Theconditionsandtheappearances.35.Whichcanserveasthebesttitleforthistext?A.Piaget’scontributiontoatheoryB.TheapplicationsofPiaget’stheoryC.ThedevelopmentofPiaget’stheoryD.Piaget’stheoryofcognitivedevelopment參考答案：32.C

33.A

34.B

35.D【分析】本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹了Piaget的認知發(fā)展理論?！?2題詳解】考查代詞指代。代詞所在句表示"這一理論涉及知識的本質(zhì)以及人類是如何逐步習得、構(gòu)建和運用知識的",故it指代的是知識,故選C項。【33題詳解】考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Piaget’stheoryisnotperfectandPiagethasrecognizedithimself:forexample,thetheorysupportssharpstagesrat