五大基本句型講義與練習(xí) 人教版七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)

Happytolearn,luckytoshare.人教版七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)-五大基本句型 1.主系表句型一：Ｓ+V-link+Ｐ(主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ))S主語(yǔ)(subject)V

系動(dòng)詞(linkverb)P表語(yǔ)(predicative)其他1.This2.Mybrother3.She

4.He5.Themeat

is

was

is

willbesmells

an

Englishbook.16

years

old.notin

the

roombusy.badlastyear.now.tomorrow.系動(dòng)詞：這種動(dòng)詞起到連接主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的作用。表語(yǔ)：用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)，表明主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)、特征的。通常由名詞、形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)等作表語(yǔ)。am(was)be動(dòng)詞is(was)are(were)看起來(lái)look聽(tīng)起來(lái)sound系動(dòng)詞感官動(dòng)詞聞起來(lái)smell嘗起來(lái)taste摸起來(lái)feel保持continueremainstaykeepholdrest其他系動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)變becomegrowgetturnfallgocome【Exercise1】劃分成分：主語(yǔ)“”，系動(dòng)詞“”，表語(yǔ)“”1.Theideasoundsgreat. 2.ThisbookisaboutSpaceTravel.3.Wherewearegoingisnotsure. 4.Thepenintheboxisveryexpensive.【Exercise2】翻譯句子。1.這首歌聽(tīng)起來(lái)很放松。Thissong____________very___________________.2.你的新裙子看起來(lái)很美，而且摸起來(lái)很柔軟。Yournewdress_________________and__________________.3.秋天到了，天氣漸冷，大多數(shù)樹(shù)葉都變黃了。Nowit’sautumn,theweatherbeginsto___________________.Mostoftheleaves_________________.4.Nowmoreandmorepeopleruninthemorningto______________________.現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越多人跑步來(lái)保持健康。人教版七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)-五大基本句型2.主謂句型二：Ｓ（主語(yǔ)）+Vi（謂語(yǔ)）S主語(yǔ)(Subject)Vi

謂語(yǔ)(Verb)其他1.Somechildren2.I3.He4.MrLi5.Mymotheraresingingcouldswimsmiles.

worksgetsupnow.attheageof6.hardinafactory.early.Vi：不及物動(dòng)詞

（1）動(dòng)詞能表達(dá)完整的意思，動(dòng)詞后不可以直接接賓語(yǔ)

（2）后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等。常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞如：work,sing,swim,jump,come,smile,work,cry等?！綞xercise1】劃分成分。1.Theytalkedforaboutanhour.2.Hesitsdownonthesofa,andplayswithhislittleson.3.TheTVdoesn’twork.Tomfeelsunhappy.4.Thekangarooisjumping.5.Heisgoingtoswimintheswimmingpooltomorrow.人教版七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)-五大基本句型 3.主謂賓句型三：Ｓ（主語(yǔ)）+Vt（謂語(yǔ)）+O（賓語(yǔ)）S主語(yǔ)(subject)V

t謂語(yǔ)(verb)O賓語(yǔ)(object)1.Who2.Canadians3.Mymother4.I5.Heknowsspeakismakinglikewantstheanswers?EnglishandFrench.ricedumplings.takingphotos.tobeateacher.Vt：及物動(dòng)詞（1）具有實(shí)義，但這種動(dòng)詞不能表達(dá)完整的意思，動(dòng)詞一定要接賓語(yǔ)才能表達(dá)完整的意思。O：賓語(yǔ)（1）是動(dòng)作的對(duì)象，即是動(dòng)作的承受者。（2）其賓語(yǔ)通常由名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句等來(lái)充當(dāng)?！綞xercise1】劃分成分。1.Theymadeasnowman.2.MrLiislookingforhisglasses.3.Butthemonkeycan’tfindwherethebananasare.4.Mysisterlikeswatchingcartoon.5.Sheoftenplaythepianowithherfriend.6.Ithinkthesnowmanishungry.人教版七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)-五大基本句型 4.主謂間賓直賓句型四：Ｓ（主語(yǔ)）+V（謂語(yǔ)）+O（間接賓語(yǔ)）+O（直接賓語(yǔ)）S主語(yǔ)

V

謂語(yǔ)O間接賓語(yǔ)（多指人）O直接賓語(yǔ)（多指物）1.He2.Mike3.Mymother4.Thedoctor5.Thepoliceman

sends

showedboughtgivestellsmehisfriendshimDavidmeapostcard.hisnewbike.somegiftssomemedicine.thewaytothehospital.1.V雙賓動(dòng)詞：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須跟有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)才能表達(dá)完整的意思。2.O直接賓語(yǔ)：是動(dòng)作作用的對(duì)象，是動(dòng)作的承受者。一般由物體充當(dāng)。3.O間接賓語(yǔ)：間接賓語(yǔ)也被稱(chēng)之為第二賓語(yǔ)，去掉之后，對(duì)整個(gè)句子的影響不大，多由指“人”的名詞或代詞承擔(dān)。4.這種句型還可轉(zhuǎn)換為其他兩種句型：1)動(dòng)詞＋賓語(yǔ)＋forsb.例如(=)2)動(dòng)詞＋賓語(yǔ)＋tosb.例如(=)【Exercise1】選擇題。（）1.MissGao.Sheteaches__________Englishverywell.A.our B.us C.ours D.we()2.Myparentsgave_______anicetoydogformybirthday.A.IBmeC.myDmine()3.Hismotheroftenbuys______.A.hissomesportsthingsB.himsomesportsthingC.somesportsthingstohimD.somesportsthingsforhis()4.Iwanttolookupsomenewwordsatonce.Canyou________?A.passthedictionaryformeB.passmythedictionaryC.passthedictionarytomeD.passedmethedictionary【Exercise2】同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。1.Pleaseshowmeyourpicture.=Pleaseshowyourpicture_________________.2.I’llbuyyouanewcomputerasyourbirthdaygift.I’llbuyanewcomputer____________________asyourbirthdaygift.Don’tforgettosendmesomepostcards.Don’tforgettosentsomepostcards___________________.人教版七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)-五大基本句型 5.主謂賓賓補(bǔ) 句型五：Ｓ（主語(yǔ)）+V（謂語(yǔ)）+O（賓語(yǔ)）+C（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）S主語(yǔ)V

謂語(yǔ)O賓語(yǔ)C賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1.We2.People3.Theworkers4.Thenurse5.We6.MissWhite

keep

callpaintmadefindtells/askstheclassroomChineseNewYearthewallthemanhimusclean.SpringFestival.green.sitonthechair.acleverboy.tostudyhard.1.C賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：（1）賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的主要作用或者是補(bǔ)充、說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)、身份等；或者表示讓賓語(yǔ)去完成的動(dòng)作等。（2）擔(dān)任補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的常常是名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、分詞、動(dòng)詞不定式等。常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞有:tell,ask,make,help,want,wouldlike,find,keep,call等。2.賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)義關(guān)系：類(lèi)似于主系表的結(jié)構(gòu)。在賓語(yǔ)后面添加一個(gè)be動(dòng)詞，能夠構(gòu)成一個(gè)邏輯語(yǔ)義通順的句子。而間接賓語(yǔ)和直接賓語(yǔ)之間沒(méi)有這個(gè)的語(yǔ)義關(guān)系。3.翻譯下列的句子，寫(xiě)出句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。HemakesJakeagoodbasketballplayer.()HemakesJakeagoodbreakfast.()【Exercise1】選擇題。()1.Ihadabadcold.Thedoctoraskedme_____inbed.A.stayingBtostayC.stayedD.stays()2.--Whatmakesyoursister_______sohappy?--Mymotherhasjustboughtaskirtforher.A.feelsB.feelingC.feelD.tofeel()3.They_____thelittlecat______theanimalcenter(寵物中心)twodaysago.A.took;toB.take;toC.willtake;forD.isgoingtotake;for()4.Jennyalwayskeepsherbrother_________AwaitBtowaitCwaitingDwaited【Exercise2】按照要求完成句子。請(qǐng)讓孩子們安靜下來(lái)。Please___________thechildren_________________.Th