新概念英語第二冊Lesson34 教案

PAGE學(xué)科輔導(dǎo)講義授課對象年級學(xué)科英語授課教師課型新課時(shí)間2h授課題目新概念2Lesson34教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.復(fù)習(xí)上節(jié)課所學(xué)知識。2.學(xué)習(xí)本課單詞。3.時(shí)間狀語從句用法。學(xué)習(xí)過程學(xué)習(xí)檢測（前提測評——進(jìn)門測）Zheng

He,

the

Columbus

of

the

East,

was

an

amazing

man.

He

was

born

in

1371

and

11

years

later,

was

caught

by

the

army

of

a

rich

young

man

called

Zhu

Di

and

made

to

work

for

him.

Over

time

the

rich

man

saw

tha

Zheng

HE

was

very

clever

and

strong

and

they

became

close

friends.

In

1403

Zhu

Di

was

made

the

King

of

China

and

he

asked

Zheng

He

to

join

his

new

government.

The

king

wanted

to

learn

more

about

the

world

and

show

other

countries

his

power.

He

led

many

new

ships

to

be

built

and

made

Zheng

He

their

leader.

Between

1405

and

1433,

Zheng

He

led

seven

sea

trips

to

different

parts

of

the

world.

He

certainly

travelled

to

India,

Africa

and

the

Middle

East.

A

few

people

think

his

ships

may

have

even

reached

south

America

and

Australia.

Each

trip

lasted

between

two

and

four

years

and

it

is

believed

he

sailed

more

than

50,000

kilometrs

during

the

years

of

his

travels.

With

28,000

men

and

over

300

ships,

such

as

boats

for

food,

water

and

even

soldiers’

horses,

Zheng

He

led

a

fleer（艦隊(duì)）whose

size

would

not

be

equaled

by

Europeans’

for

over

500

years

later.

On

these

trips

he

brought

with

him

many

Chinese

goods

like

silk

and

medicine

to

give

to

foreign

kings

or

to

sell

for

local

goods.

He

returned

from

each

trip

with

boats

filled

with

expensive

things

such

as

gold

and

jewellery,

foreign

guests

and

strange

animals

like

a

giraffe.

It

is

a

pity

that

we

may

never

learn

everything

about

Zheng

He’s

travels.

After

he

died

in

1433,

the

new

king,

who

believed

these

trips

were

unlucky

and

too

expensive,

had

them

stop

and

he

burned

almost

all

the

books

about

Zheng

He’s

travels.

It

is

only

in

the

last

50years

that

historians

have

begun

to

carefully

study

the

adventures

of

the

great

Zheng

He.二、學(xué)習(xí)輔導(dǎo)（目標(biāo)導(dǎo)學(xué)——新授課程）（一）(階段一)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)（考點(diǎn)）分析和講解Lesson34Quickwork★stationn.(警察)局(一定是與軍方,警方有關(guān)系的)postoffice郵局policeoffice警局Iwenttothepolice.我去警察局★mostadv.相當(dāng),非常①adj.用于最高級，表示“最……”ThisisthemostbeautifulcarI’veevenseen.②adj.大多數(shù)的，大部分的Mostdoctorsdon’tsmoke.③adv.非常，很（相當(dāng)于very，但通常用于表達(dá)主觀感情、見解等）只有加“the”時(shí)譯為“最”，加“a”或什么也不加時(shí)譯為“非常，相當(dāng)”(“very”的概念)，常與形容詞作用的過去分詞連用。amostinterestingbook非常有趣的書IwasmostsurprisedwhenIheardthenews.我非常驚訝【課文講解】Quickworkquickadj.動(dòng)作的快；haveaquickmealquickfreeze速凍fastadv.速度的快；soonadv.時(shí)間快TedRobinsonhasbeenworriedalltheweek.worriedadj.焦慮的，擔(dān)心的worryvt.使擔(dān)心，發(fā)愁Sheappearstobeworriedby/aboutsomething.好象有什么事使她發(fā)愁。LastTuesdayhereceivedaletterfromthelocalpolice.thelocalpolice當(dāng)?shù)鼐炀謑ocaladj.地方性的，當(dāng)?shù)氐模镜氐膌ocalnews當(dāng)?shù)匦侣?；localcolor當(dāng)?shù)厣?地方色彩localpeople當(dāng)?shù)厝耍籰ocalcall市話nativen.土著人；adj.土生土長的Intheletterhewasaskedtocallatthestation.callat(someplace)拜訪某地callonsb.拜訪某人ask/tell/expect/want/allow/request/ordersb.todosth.請求某人做某事sb.wastold某人被告知；有人告訴某人Iwastoldthatyesterdayyoudidsomethingwrong.hewastoldthat/todo(被動(dòng))=someonetoldhimthat…(主動(dòng))Tedwonderedwhyhewaswantedbythepolice,buthewenttothestationyesterdayandnowheisnotworriedanymore.wonder表示“想知道”時(shí)后面往往跟疑問詞引導(dǎo)的從句Shewonderedwhothatmanwas/whathadhappened.want用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)可以表示“想與（某人見面、談話等）”或“緝拿，追捕”Pleasewaitaminute.I’mwantedonthephone.請等一下，有我的電話。Thisistheman(whois)wantedbythepolice.notanymore=nomore不再,再也不Idon’ttalktoyouanymore.我不再會(huì)對你談話了Iwalkednomore.我不再走了Fivedaysago,thepolicemantoldhim,thebicyclewaspickedupinasmallvillagefourhundredmilesaway.pickup（偶然地、意外地）找到、獲得、學(xué)會(huì)I’vepickedupabadcold.IpickedupsomeFrenchwhiletravelinginParis.在巴黎游覽期間我學(xué)了幾句法語。Hepickedupthebookinasmalllibrary.他在一個(gè)小圖書館發(fā)現(xiàn)了那本書。fivemilesaway這一類結(jié)構(gòu)可以直接做定語,放在被修飾詞后面Theschoolisfivemilesaway.學(xué)校在五里外theschoolfivemilesaway五里外的學(xué)校Iliveinahousewhichisfivemilesaway.=Iliveinahousefivemilesaway.Itisnowbeingsenttohishomebytrain.這句語是被動(dòng)語態(tài)用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“am/is/are+being+過去分詞”Theclavichordisbeingrepairedbyafriendofmyfather’s.Tedwasmostsurprisedwhenheheardthenews.mostsurprised中的most有very的意思，常與起形容詞作用的過去分詞連用?！維pecialdifficulties】與call有關(guān)的短語動(dòng)詞①callonsb.拜訪，探望HaveyoucalledonGeorgerecently?②call(sb.)up給某人打電話（美語）Ifyouwantmyhelp,justcallup.③callat+地點(diǎn)對（某個(gè)人家或地方）進(jìn)行短暫訪問Hecallsateveryhouseinthestreetonceamonth.④callout大聲叫喊Somepeopleonthebankcalledouttothemanintheboat.⑤calloff取消（某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)）Forsomereason,theyhavecalledofftheparty/themeeting.⑥callin召集時(shí)間狀語從句講解與練習(xí)

when,

while

和

as

引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的用法

（一）、when

的用法

如果只從現(xiàn)象來看，when

從句用的最多的是一般過去時(shí)，而主句的時(shí)態(tài)沒有限制,根據(jù)具體情況而定。

1.

When

she

came

into

my

room,

I

was

just

reading

a

book.

她走進(jìn)我房間時(shí)，我正在看書。

2.

He

was

on

the

point

of

leaving

when

someone

knocked

at

the

door.

他正要走，這時(shí)有人敲門。

根據(jù)以上的例句，我們可以總結(jié)出一點(diǎn)：when

從句的A事件，相當(dāng)于另一個(gè)事件B發(fā)生的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。也就是說，when

從句的重點(diǎn)不在動(dòng)作本身發(fā)生的狀態(tài)，而只是把它作為一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，所以when

多數(shù)情況下用的是一般過去時(shí)，則不用正在進(jìn)行時(shí)。因?yàn)槿绻谜谶M(jìn)行時(shí)，它表示的就是一段時(shí)間而不是一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)了。根據(jù)這一點(diǎn)，有的文章補(bǔ)充說：when

從句的動(dòng)詞大多是瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞。這種說法也可以參照。

實(shí)際上，when

從句也可以有其它的時(shí)態(tài)，但幾乎也不用進(jìn)行時(shí)，因?yàn)樗仓皇亲鳛橐粋€(gè)時(shí)間參照點(diǎn)。例如：

When

I

got

to

the

airport,

the

guests

had

left.

當(dāng)我趕到飛機(jī)場時(shí)，客人們已經(jīng)離開了。

2.

When

he

had

finished

his

homework,

he

took

a

short

rest.

當(dāng)他完成作業(yè)后,他休息了一會(huì)兒。

(二)、while

的用法

相比于when

來說，while

從句的側(cè)重點(diǎn)就不一樣了。while

從句的側(cè)重點(diǎn)在于描述動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生的狀態(tài)，它的意思是：當(dāng)while

事件正在發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一件事如何如何。所以，while

從句一般用的是正在進(jìn)行時(shí)。而另一件事的狀態(tài)沒有硬性的要求，根據(jù)具體情況而定。例如：

1.

While

my

wife

was

reading

the

newspaper,

I

was

watching

TV.

當(dāng)妻子正在看報(bào)紙的時(shí)候，我正在看電視。

2.

While

they

were

talking,

the

bell

rang.

正在他們談話的時(shí)候，上課鈴響了。從時(shí)間的角度來看，while表示的是一段時(shí)間，是一個(gè)過程。這是while的側(cè)重點(diǎn)。因此，如果含有“一段時(shí)間”的含義的時(shí)候，就可以用while。3.Strikewhiletheironishot.趁熱打鐵。這句話中，是說趁著鐵是熱的這段時(shí)間，趕緊打鐵。如果換成when意思就變了，相當(dāng)于說鐵只熱了一下，打一下，然后鐵就冷了。這顯然不符合文意。（三）、as

的用法

as

從句表示的也是一件事情正在發(fā)生，另一件事也正在進(jìn)行當(dāng)中。但與

while

從句不同的是，as

從句用的一般不用正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，而只是一般過去時(shí)。as

從句一般可以翻譯成“邊……邊……”。例如：

1.

As

my

mother

sang

those

old

songs,

tears

ran

down

her

cheeks.

當(dāng)我媽媽唱起那些老歌時(shí)，眼淚順著她的臉頰流了下來。

2.

The

students

took

notes

as

they

listened.

學(xué)生們邊聽課邊做筆記。

as

表達(dá)的事件，往往只是主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或條件時(shí)，as

只是一個(gè)次要的時(shí)間說明，不像while

從句有強(qiáng)調(diào)

while

動(dòng)作本身的意思。因此，as

常常翻譯成“隨著……”之意。例如：

As

the

time

went

on，the

weather

got

worse.

隨著時(shí)間的推移，氣候更加糟糕。

2.

The

atmosphere

gets

thinner

and

thinner

as

the

height

increases.

隨著高度的增加，大氣越來越稀薄。少數(shù)情況下，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，as

從句也可以用正在進(jìn)行時(shí)。這只能算是特例了。

The

sad

mother

sat

on

the

roadside,

shouting

as

she

was

crying.

傷心的媽媽坐在路邊，邊哭邊叫喊。

2.

As

we

were

going

out,

it

began

to

snow.

正當(dāng)我們出門時(shí)，雪開始下起來。（四）、when,

while,

as

的互換

如果從句動(dòng)作和主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，并且從句動(dòng)作為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，when，while，as

可以互換使用。

1.

When

/While

/As

we

were

dancing,

a

stranger

came

in.

當(dāng)我們跳舞時(shí)，一位陌生人走了進(jìn)來。

[dance

為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞]

2.

When

/While

/As

she

was

making

a

phone

call,

I

was

writing

a

letter.

比較while,when,asas,when引導(dǎo)短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞。例如：Justas/Justwhen/WhenIstoppedmycar,amancameuptome.我剎車后，有一個(gè)人向我走來。當(dāng)從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生于主句動(dòng)作之前，只能用when引導(dǎo)這個(gè)從句，不可用as或while。例如：Whenyouhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.干完活后，你可以休息一下。從句表示“隨時(shí)間推移”連詞能用as，不用when或while。例如：Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.日子一天天過去，天氣越變越壞。擴(kuò)充知識點(diǎn)：

It

is

since從以來多長時(shí)間了(因?yàn)閟ince

+從句或名詞，表示一段時(shí)間)

It

is

five

years

since

we

met

last

time.從我們上次見面已經(jīng)五年了。

It

is

+before，(才)

It

was

a

long

time

before

I

went

to

sleep

again.

過了很長時(shí)間我才睡著。

It

was

an

hour

before(＝until)

the

police

arrived.

過了一個(gè)小時(shí)，警察才來。

2.由as

soon

as,

immediately,

directly,

instantly,

the

moment,

the

instant,

the

minute,

等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。

這些連詞都表示“一就”。例如：

I

will

go

there

directly

I

have

finished

my

breakfast.

吃完早飯，我立即到那里去。

The

moment

I

heard

the

news,

I

hastened

to

the

spot.我一聽到消息，馬上趕到了出事地點(diǎn)。

3.由by

the

time引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。

注意時(shí)態(tài)的變化：在一般情況下，如果從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)，主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)；如果主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用將來完成時(shí)。例如：

By

the

time

you

came

back,

I

had

finished

this

book.到你回來時(shí)，我已經(jīng)寫完這本書了。

By

the

time

you

come

here

tomorrow,

I

will

have

finished

this

work.

你明天來這兒的時(shí)候，我將已經(jīng)完成此工作了。

注意：when

while

as

after

before

as

soon

as

since

till

/until

by

the

time

在時(shí)間狀語從句中，要注意時(shí)態(tài)一致。一般情況下主句是將來時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

（二）（階段二）典型例題的方法總結(jié)在下列各句的空格中填入適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞_________hecomestomorrow,Ishallaskwherehehasbeen.2．_________hewasspeaking,everybodylistenedcarefully.Isawherjust_________shewasgettingoffthetrain.Haveagoodlookatthatman_________youpasshim.Itwasalreadyeighto'clock_________wegotthere.Iwasabouttogoout_________avisitorcame.We'llgotothecountryatthebeginningofJune,______thesummerharvestwillstart.HelearnedtospeakGerman_________hewasinBerlin.Henryisinchargeoftheoffice________Mr.Smithisaway.10.Ilistentotherecorder_________Ihavetime.（三）（運(yùn)用）拓展訓(xùn)練

1.

He

likes

wearing

s______

shirt.

2.You

can

c__some

nice

presents

for

Ma

Ling’s

birthday.

3.Let’s

go

to

the

s__to

play

football

this

afternoon.

4.Many

film

stars

are

coming

to

our

city

on

W______evening.

5.

I

like

Liu

Qian’sm______(魔術(shù))

shows.

What

about

you?

6.

What

‘s

the

p____(價(jià)格)

of

this

bike？

It’s

very

nice.

It’s

450

yuan.

7.It’s

hot

today.

Let’s

go

s_____(游泳)

8.Hangzhou

is

a

good

p_____(地方)。9.

Mary

likes

cakes

very

much.

They

are

her

f______

food.

10.

Eating

too

much

c______

is

not

good

for

your

teeth.(牙齒)

12.

Don’t

drink

too

much

c_____.

It’s

not

a

healthy

drink.

13.

Are

juice,

water

and

milk

udrinks?

No,

they

are

healthy

drinks.目標(biāo)反饋（總結(jié)——出門測）詞形變換36.Andy