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KatherineAnnePorter(1890-1980)
王彥云:121140141023周美敬:121140141024CatalogueKatherineAnnePorter,bornin
IndianCreek,Texas,
wasthe
fourth
offivechildrenofherfamily.HerfamilytreecanbetracedbacktoAmericanfrontiersmanDanielBoone,andO.Henrywasherfather'ssecondcousin.——Thisisreallyawarm,comfortablehome,shegavepotterquietandpeacefulenvironment,potterwrotealotofbeautifulnovelsoffemalesthemeinthishouse?!狿orter’shouse?"TheJiltingofGrannyWeatherall",《被遺棄的韋瑟羅爾奶奶》1930(Americanfilm,1980)?"TheGrave"《墳》,1934?"TheDownwardPathtoWisdom",1939?"TheLeaningTower"《斜塔》,1941——Porter‘sshortstories?"TheCircus"《馬戲團(tuán)》,1944(Americanfilm,1990)?"TheFigTree",1960(Americanfilm,1987)——Porter’sfamousshortnovels?
PaleHorse,PaleRider《灰色馬,灰色騎手》,1939(BritishTV,1964)
?
ShipofFoolsPorter'sonlynovel——ShipofFools"ShipofFools"istheonlynovelofKatherineAnnPorter,aftereighteenyears‘silencestartlinglyambitious.Thebest-sellingnovelinAmericaatthatyearandbecameamajorfilmin1965,itssuccessfinallygaveherfinancialsecurity.Porterwonalargereadershipforthefirsttime.
Heressays●"TheNecessaryEnemy",1948●"TheFutureisNow",1950●"TheDaysBefore",1952●"TheNever-EndingWrong",1977●"TheCharmedLife",1942●"DavidHarrisonHTHS",1992Porter’sReputation●Americanessayist(散文家),
shortstorywriter(短篇小說(shuō)作家),andjournalist,rememberedasoneofAmerica'sbestshort-storywriters.●TheLeaningTower
《斜塔》(1944),acollectionofstories,andwonanO.HenryAward(歐亨利獎(jiǎng))forher1962●Porter’sCollectedShortStories
(1965)wontheNationalBookAwardandthePulitzerPrizeforfiction●
1966—PulitzerPrize(普利策獎(jiǎng))forTheCollectedStories(1965)●
1967—(AmericanAcademyofArtsandLetters)●
ThreenominationsfortheNobelPrizeinLiterature(諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng))1.awriteroftremendousclarity(嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)).2.
createsthisuniquestyleandconstructsitintoremarkableobjectivepiecesfullofimagery(比喻)
andsymbolism
(象征)comparedtothatofFaulknerandHemingwayintheirstylisticbeauty3.focusesonthedarkersideofrealitybutusesherownsortofhumortolightenherwritings4.herworksareoftenfocusedinsuchSouthernlocationsasMexico,Texas,andtheSouthwestingeneral.5.usingstream-of-consciousness(意識(shí)流)WritingStyleTheme
BetrayalGodandReligionDeathBetrayalTheideaofbetrayalisacentralthemeunderlyingmanyofPorter’sstories.Attheheartof“TheJiltingofGrannyWeatherall”areGranny’smemoriesofherbetrayalbyGeorge,whoabandonedheratthealtarsomesixtyyearsearlier.GodandReligionManyreadershavesuggestedthattheultimatebetrayalofGrannyinvolvesGodandthatthestoryisprimarilyaportraitofawomanattheendofherlifefacingadevastatingspiritualcrisis.WhenFatherConnollycomestovisitGrannyWeatherallonherdeathbed,sheiscordialtohim.ItisstatedthatGranny“felteasyabouthersoul.”Yet,hisarrivalseemstotriggerGranny’smostvividandpainfulmemoriesofthedaysixtyyearsearlierwhenshewasleftbyherfiance.Death
GrannyWeatherallstrugglesagainstdeath,andthoughshelacksthestrengthtogetoutofbed,deniesevenbeingill.Thefinalimageinthestory—ofGrannyblowingoutacandle—evokesthenotionthatherlifeiscomingtoanend.Yet,thereisnosenseofclosuretoGranny’slife,nosensethattheconflictsraisedinhermemorieshavebeenresolved.Thefinalrealizationinthestoryisthat“therewasnobottomtodeath,shecouldn’tcometotheendofit.”What’sthestreamofconsciousness?
Streamofconsciousnesswritingisusuallyregardedasaspecialformofinteriormonologueandischaracterizedbyassociativeleapsinsyntaxandpunctuationthatcanmaketheprosedifficulttofollow,tracingacharacter’sfragmentary(斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的)thoughtsandsensory(感覺(jué)的)feelings.
Streamofconsciousnessischaracterizedbyaflowofthoughtsandimages,whichmaynotalwaysappeartohaveacoherentstructureorcohesion.Theplotlinemayweaveinandoutoftimeandplace,carryingthereaderthroughthelifespanofacharacterorfurtheralongatimelinetoincorporatethelives(andthoughts)ofcharactersfromothertimeperiods.Examplesofstreamofconsciousness
VirginiaWoolf's:TotheLighthouse(1927)JamesJoyce's:Ulysses(1918)WilliamFaulkner's:TheSoundandtheFury(1929)MarcelProust:InSearchofLostTime(àlarecherchedutempsperdu)1913–1927AnalysisofCharacterGrannyWeatherallRepeatedlydesertedBraveCharitable,capableGeneralKind,optimisticanddiligentStubborn
AnalysisofWeatherallGrannyWeatherall,acharacterintheworkofAmericanwriterKatherineAnnePorter,haslongbeenregardedbypreviousliterarycriticsasaweather-beatenwomanwhohasbeenrepeatedlydeserted.ThisthesisapproachesthefateofGrannyWeatherallfromanewangle,andrevealsanewwomanwhotriesto
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