施心遠聽力教程第三冊答案UNIT10

Unit10SectionOneTacticsforListeningPart1SpotDictationDoYouRiskEnoughtoSucceed?Duringthesemi-finalsofthe1990Wimbledon(1)tennistournament,16-year-oldYugoslavMonicaSelesfacedAmericanZinaGarriaon.Asthematch(2)proceeded,itbecameclearthatSeles’smostformidable(3)opponentwasnotGarrisonbutherself.“Thematchwassoclose,”saidacrestfallenSelesafterward.“Iwasgoingforthe(4)safeshots.EvenonZina’ssecondserveIwas(5)scaredtohittheballforwinners.”Whenthingsget(6)tough,conventionalwisdomtellusto(7)playitsafe,topullinyourhorns.Consequently,ratherthanperformingto(8)ourpotential,weconcentrateonminimizingourlosers.Theresultscanbe(9)catastrophic.Ifyoufindyourselfshyingawayfrom(10)risks,thesefivetipswillhelpyou(10)tapintotheadventurousspiritburiedinusall.1. Take(11)dreamsseriously.2. Takeitinlittlesteps.Whenstartingsomethingnew,(12)figureoutafirststepandmakeitoneyouarereasonablysureof(13)accomplishing.3. Don’tsay“don’t”,TheDon’ts,aformof(14)negativegoalsetting,canbeself-fulfillingbecauseyourmind(15)respondstopictures.4. Makeyourown(16)rules.5. Learnfromyourmistakes.By(17)embracingrisk,youwillaccomplishmorethanyou(18)everthoughtyoucould.Intheprocessyouwill(19)transformyourlifeintoanexcitingadventurethatwillconstantlychallenge,rewardand(20)rejuvenateyou.Part2listeningforGistIt'llbeadullday,withoutbreaksofrain.Theremaybesomeheavyshowersinthesouth-westlater,withperhapstheoddthunderstorm.Theoutlookfortomorrow:continuingdull,butthereshouldbesomebreaksinthecloudbymidday.It'llbequitewarm,withamaximumtemperatureofabout16to17degrees.ExerciseDirections:Listentothepassageandwritedownthegistandthekeywordsthathelpyoudecide.1. Thispassageisaboutaweatherforecast.2.Thekeywordsarerain.showers.thunderstorm.outlook.maximumtemperature.SectionTwoListeningComprehensionPart1DialogueAdulthoodInterviewer:OK,Bruce,Ur,whyisthelatetwentiesbetterthan,say,earliertwenties?Bruce:Ur,Ithinkthatwhenyou’reinyour,intheearlytwenties,you’rejustgettingover,um,teenageadolescentyears,sonowIthinkinthelatetwentiesyoukindaknowadirectionbut,um,theearlytwentiesarejusttoo…youjustkindaremembertoomanythingsoftheteenageyearsandyou'restilltryingtogetaplan.Butinthetwenties,latetwenties,youkindofknowwhatyouwannadoandyoukindofhaveanideaof,ofhowtogetit.Andyouknowhowtosettledown,too.Youcanseeaplanforgettingthingsandalsosettlingdown.Interviewer:Hmm,um,isthereatimeinyourlifethatyouthinkyouwouldcallthemostdifficulttime?Bruce:Probablytheteenageyears,likefourteen,fifteen...Interviewer:Yeah?Bruce:Sixteen.Interviewer:Themidteens.Bruce:Yeah,Ithinkthemidteensweretheworst.Interviewer:So,Julie,whywouldyouliketobealittlegirlagain?Julie:Um,Ithink,uh,IthinklatelybecausetheageI'matnow,Ifeel,iskindofastressfulage.Interviewer:Huh.Julie:Whenyou're,whenyou'reyounger,youdon'thaveasmanyworriesandresponsibilities.Interviewer:Yeah.Julie:Youdon'thaveallthestressesoflifeasanadult.IthinkattheageI'matnow,whenyougetoutofcollegeandyouneedtofindajob...Interviewer:Uh-huh.Julie: AndI'msingleandIcan'tdependonmyparentsanymore...Interviewer:Uh-huh.Julie: AndIhavenewresponsibilities-justtryingtogetusedtohavingnewresponsibilitiesandalsofigureoutwhatIwannado-there'slotsofdecisions.Interviewer:Uh-huh. Julie: Idon'talwaysknowwhatthebestthingtodois.Um,thosearethingsthatIneedtolearn.Interviewer:Yeah.Julie:Yeah.Interviewer:So,Ann,whywasbeinginyourthirtiesgood?Ann: Becauseinyourthirtiesyouprettymuchknowwhatyoulikeandwhatyoudon'tlike，andyou'rekindofsettledintolife.And,atleastforme,thatwasareallygoodtime.Actually,nowthatmysonsaremarriedand,andthey'reindependent...Interviewer:Uh-huh.Ann: WhenIcometo,cometothinkaboutit,IprobablydomoreinterestingthingsnowformyselfthanIdidwhenIwasinmythirties...Interviewer:Huh!Forexample...Ann:Well,nowI'mplayinginanorchestra,whichIwouldnever'vehadtimetodowhentheboyswerelittleand,urn,andI,ur,readalotmorethanIdid..Interviewer:Doyouandyourhusbandgooutmore?Ann: Ha!Wedo!Wedo.Wegoouttomovies,andwegoouttodinner,andwehopetobeabletotravel!ExerciseDirections:Listentothedialogueanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).l.T2.T3.T4.T5.T6.F7.T8.TPart2PassageSocialSecuritySocialSecurityisalogicalplacetostartansweringthequestion:Canweaffordtocontinuethistrendofretiringeverearlierandlivinglonger?IthighlightsthecomingdeficitsinasystemonwhichsomanyAmericansdependforatleastapartoftheirlivelihoodduringretirement.TheSocialSecuritysystemnowcoversworkers,disabledpersons,andthedependentsofeach,andthesystemalsoadjustsbenefitsforinflationannually.Insimpleterms,ifthenumberofthosepayingintothefunddropsasthenumberofthosedrawingfromitrises,animbalanceissuretodevelopinthefuture.Sincenoneoftheseoptionsispoliticallypalatable,itremainstobeseenwhichwillbeimplemented-mostlikelysomecombinationofthetwo.TheSocialSecuritysystemintheUSisamajorsourceofretirementincomeformany.ThusSocialSecurityisalogicalplacetostartansweringthequestion:Canweaffordtocontinuethistrendofretiringeverearlierandlivinglonger?TheSocialSecurityAdministrationprojectedincomeandexpensefortheSocialSecurityfundfrom2000to2050.Thefiguresforbothincome-taxrevenuesandbenefitspaidoutaresobering*.IthighlightsthecomingdeficitsinasystemonwhichsomanyAmericansdependforatleastapartoftheirlivelihoodduringretirement.Thegapbetweenrevenueandexpensearisesbecauseofdemographicshifts.TheagingoftheBabyBoomersandlife-extendingmedicaladvancescombinetocreateanimbalanceintheSocialSecuritysystemasdesigned.Thesystemwasestablishedin1935andwasintendedasaninsurancepolicyagainstapoverty-riddenoldage,anotuncommonfatefortheelderlyduringthefirstdecadesofthe20thcentury.TheSocialSecuritysystemhasbeenexpandedmanytimessinceitsinception*.Itnowcoversworkers,disabledpersons,andthedependentsofeach.Thesystemalsoadjustsbenefitsforinflationannually.Inthe1930s,lifeexpectancyintheUSwas59.7years;manypeopleneverreachedtheageofretirement.In2001,lifeexpectancywas77.6years;mostpeopletodayliveforquiteawhileonGoldenPond*.We'relivinglongeranddrawingfromtheSocialSecurityfundformoreyearswitheachpassinggeneration.Thedecliningageofretirementonlyexacerbates*thistrend.Insimpleterms,ifthenumberofthosepayingintothefunddropsasthenumberofthosedrawingfromitrises,animbalanceissuretodevelopinthefuture.Barringanyrestructuringofthesystembeforehand,SocialSecurityexpenseswillexceedrevenuesintheyear2015.Atthatpointthesystemwillbegintousereservestomeetitsobligations.AccordingtotheSocialSecurityAdministrationestimates,thesereserveswillcarrythesystemthroughthemid-2030s.Atthatpoint,ifnotsooner,oneoftwothingswillneedtobedone:(1)TheSocialSecuritytaxratewillneedtobeincreased,or(2)Benefitspaidoutwij1needtobereduced.Thesecondsolutionmayinvolveextendingtheretirementageto70oranevenolderage.Sincenoneoftheseoptionsispoliticallypalatable(theelderlyhavethehighestvotingrate),itremainstobeseenwhichwillbeimplemented-mostlikelysomecombinationofthetwo.Since3outofevery10Americansaged65orolderdependonSocialSecuritypaymentsfor90%ormoreoftheirincome(and3outof5dependonSocialSecurityfor50%ormoreoftheirincome)wemustaskanimportantquestion:Arethoseofusnowinour30sand40splanningonanalternativeorsupplementalretirementincome?ExerciseAPre-listeningQuestionActually,itisagovernmentschemethatprovideseconomicassistancetothosepeoplefacedwithsickness,unemployment,maternityandretirement,etc.Inthiscase,thecostispaidentirelyoutoftaxation.Ifthecostismetwhollyorpartlyfromcontributionspaidbyemployerstothestate,theschemeisusuallycallednationalinsurance.ExerciseBSentenceDictationDirections:Listentosomesentencesandwritethemdown.Youwillheareachsentencethreetimes.ExerciseCDetailedListeningDirections:Listentothepassageandchoosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences.l.B2.A3.D4.A5.D6.B7.D8.BExerciseDAfter-listeningDiscussionDirections:Listentothepassageagainanddiscussthefollowingquestions.Thegapbetweenrevenuesandexpensesarisesbecauseofdemographicshifts.TheagingoftheBabyBoomersandlife-extendingmedicaladvancescombinetocreateanimbalanceintheSocialSecuritysystemasdesigned.SocialSecurityexpenseswillexceedrevenuesintheyear2015.Atthatpointthesystemwillbegintousereservestomeetitsobligations.AccordingtotheSocialSecurityAdministrationestimates,thesereserveswillcarrythesystemthroughthemid-2030s.2.(Open)SectionThreeNewsNewsItem1Fordevelopmentorganizations,themeetingsareatimetodiscusssomeoftheunfinishedbusinessoftheG-20.LastmonthinLondon,itsleaderspledged$1trilliontotheIMFforloansandotherassistancetohelpcushionthedevelopingworldfromtheeffectsoftheglobalfinancialcrisis.Butsomequestionsremain.Activistssay,forexample,thattheG-20promised$100billionformulti-lateralinstitutionsliketheAfricanandAsianDevelopmentBanks,butdidnotspecifywherethemoneywouldcomefrom.TheyalsowantclarificationonhowproposalsmadebytheG-20wouldwork.Oneistheissuingof$250billionworthoftheIMFreservecurrency,calledSpecialDrawingRights,orSDRs,tonationsneedingfundingagainsttheeffectsoftheglobalfinancialdownturn.Itisestimatedthatnearly$19billionwouldgotolowincomecountriesundertheplanand$60billiontomiddleincomecountrieslikeMexicoandBrazil.SDRs,whichareworthabout$1.50canbeexchangedfortheleadingcurrencies,includingthedollar,theeuroandtheyen.TheIMFwoulddistributeSDRstostatesaccordingtothesizeoftheirvotingshareswithintheinstitution.theG-20’sfinancingaidfordevelopingcountriesandactivists’doubtG-20$100billionG-20$250billion$19billion$60billion$1.50sizeNewsitem2Obama:G-20AgreementaTurningPoint02April2009PresidentObamasaysheispleasedwiththeresultsofhisfirstinternationalsummit.Hesaysitwasproductive,andpredictsitwillbeseenasinthepursuitofaglobaleconomicrecovery."Byanymeasure,theLondonsummitwashistoric,"saidPresidentObama."Itwashistoricbecauseofofthechallengesthatweface,andbecauseofthetimelinessandmagnitudeofourresponse."Speakingtoreportersjusthoursafterthesummitwasadjourned(休會，休庭),thepresidentspokeoftheconsensus(共識)achievedbycountrieswhocameinwithdifferentprioritiesandperspectives."It'shardfor20headsofstatetotheirdifferences,"saidMr.Obama."We'veallgotourownnationalpolicies,weallhaveourownassumptions,andourownpoliticalcultures.Butourcitizensareallhurting.Theyallneedustocometogether."Thepresidentdidnotgetaconcretepromisefromothersforsubstantialincreasesingovernmentdomesticspending-atoolhehasusedathometoboosttheU.S.economy.Buttherewasagreementtoprovidefundingfor$1trillioninadditionalloansandcreditsforstrugglingcountriesthroughtheInternationalMonetaryFundandotherinstitutions.Andthesummitstartedtheprocessofclampingdownontaxhavens(避難所，安息所)forthewealthyandlooselyregulatedinvestmentfundsfortherich.Mr.ObamasaidtheG-20meetingapprovedcritical,boldsteps.Hesaidthereisnoguaranteetheywillallwork,buthestressedthehealingprocesshasbegun."Ithinkweappliedtherightmedicine,"hesaid."Ithinkthepatientis.Therearestillwoundsthathavetoheal.Therearestillthatcouldarise.ButIthinkyouhavesomeprettygoodcarebeingapplied."Thepresidentalsousedtheopportunitytoreflectonthenumerousone-on-onemeetingsheheldwithworldleadersfromRussia,China,India,SouthKoreaandsummithostGreatBritain."Ofcoursewespokeaboutadditionalstepstopromoteeconomicrecoveryandgrowth,"saidBarackObama."Butwealsodiscussedonarangeofissues:howwecouldreducethenuclearthreat,howwecouldforgetoNorthKorea'splannedmissilelaunch,howwecanturnbackterrorismandstabilizeAfghanistan,howwecanprotectourplanetfromthescourge(天災，災難)ofclimatechange."FromLondon,Mr.ObamatravelstotheFrench-GermanborderwherehewilljoinotherNATOleadersatasummitmarkingthe60thanniversaryoftheNorthAtlanticTreatyOrganization.Answer:U.S.PresidentBarackObamasaystheG-20summitinLondonmarksaturningpointineffortstohealtheglobaleconomy.But,Mr.Obamacautionstherearenoguaranteesandmoreactioncouldbeneeded.PresidentObamasaysheispleasedwiththeresultsofhisfirstinternationalsummit.Hesaysitwasproductive,andpredictsitwillbeseenasaturningpointinthepursuitofaglobaleconomicrecovery."Byanymeasure,theLondonsummitwashistoric,"saidPresidentObama."Itwashistoricbecauseofthesizeandscopeofthechallengesthatweface,andbecauseofthetimelinessandmagnitudeofourresponse."Speakingtoreportersjusthoursafterthesummitwasadjourned(休會，休庭),thepresidentspokeoftheconsensus(共識)achievedbycountrieswhocameinwithdifferentprioritiesandperspectives."It'shardfor20headsofstatetobridgetheirdifferences,"saidMr.Obama."We'veallgotourownnationalpolicies,weallhaveourownassumptions,andourownpoliticalcultures.Butourcitizensareallhurting.Theyallneedustocometogether."

Thepresidentdidnotgetaconcretepromisefromothersforsubstantialincreasesingovernmentdomesticspending-atoolhehasusedathometoboosttheU.S.economy.Buttherewasagreementtoprovidefundingfor$1trillioninadditionalloansandcreditsforstrugglingcountriesthroughtheInternationalMonetaryFundandotherinstitutions.Andthesummitstartedtheprocessofclampi