被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法復(fù)習(xí)

ThePassiveVoice（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞be+過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成，時(shí)態(tài)通過(guò)be表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。(1)把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)移到句首作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)(2)把謂語(yǔ)改成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)(be+過(guò)去分詞）(3)把主動(dòng)句中的主語(yǔ)放在介詞by之后作賓語(yǔ)

Allthepeoplelaughedathim.

Hewaslaughedbyallthepeople.

Theymakebikesinthefactory.

Bikesaremadeinthefactorybythem.一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成1.They

make

shoes

inthatfactory.二、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：S(主語(yǔ)）+am/is/are+過(guò)去分詞2.

They

bought

tencomputerslastterm．Tencomputers

werebought(bythem)lastterm.一般過(guò)去時(shí)：S+was/were+過(guò)去分詞3.They

willfinish

thework

intendays.Thework

willbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般將來(lái)時(shí)：S+will+be+過(guò)去分詞4.Someworkers

arepainting

theroomsnow．Therooms

arebeingpainted

bysomeworkers

now.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：S+am/is/are+being+過(guò)去分詞5．We

havemade

twentymorekeys．Twentymorekeys

havebeenmade

byus.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：S+have/has+been+過(guò)去分詞6．LingFeng

cantakegoodcareof

Polly．Polly

canbetakengoodcareof

byLingFeng.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：S+can/may/must/should+be+過(guò)去分詞三、使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況1.表示“據(jù)說(shuō)”或“相信”等詞組一般用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1)Itissaidthat…據(jù)說(shuō)…2)Itisreportedthat…據(jù)報(bào)道…3)Itisbelievedthat…大家相信…4)Itishopedthat…大家希望…5)Itiswellknownthat…眾所周知…2.某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)HewasborninOctober，1989．

3.表示禮貌時(shí)YouarefriendlyinvitedtocometoourEnglishpartyat800p．m．tomorrow．敬請(qǐng)您明天晚上8：00光臨我們的英語(yǔ)晚會(huì)。

四、不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況1.不及物動(dòng)詞無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。（rise,happen/takeplace/comeabout,breakout,appear,disappear)

Atrafficaccidenthappened

justnow.2.系動(dòng)詞無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。(be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become)

Thefoodtastesgood.3.祈使句一般沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。【正】Lookattheblackboard，please．【誤】Theblackboardislookedatbyyou．

4.反身代詞在句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?！菊縔oumustlookafteryourself．【誤】Yourselfmustbelookedafter

四、不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況四、不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況5.放在形容詞和副詞后的不定式作狀語(yǔ)不能用作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Thewaterishardtodrink.Theproblemiseasytosolve.五、特殊形式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)帶雙賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（give,buy,lend,send,bring,show,throw）

間接賓語(yǔ)(人)為主語(yǔ)：直接賓語(yǔ)（物）為主語(yǔ)：在間接賓語(yǔ)前加to

或for.Mymothergaveme

abook.

間接賓語(yǔ)

直接賓語(yǔ)Iwasgivenabookbymymother.Abookwasgiventomebymymother.五、特殊形式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)2.一些使役動(dòng)詞(have,make)和視覺(jué)、感覺(jué)動(dòng)詞（see,watch,hear,notice）可以接不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不定式符號(hào)to必須補(bǔ)上.Iheardhimsaygoodbyetohisfriends.Hewasheardtosaygoodbyetohisfriends.五、特殊形式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)3.need,want,require,beworth+V-ing主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。

sell,write,wash,cut,read,wear,cook+adv.主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。Thebookisworthreading.Yourhairneedscutting.Thedresssellswell.Thisknifecutseasily.歷年高職考題1.----Doyoulikethesilk?It’smadeinHuzhou.-----Yes,it_____verysoft.（06年高職考題)A.feltB.isfeltC,isfeelingD.feels2.Thepoormanismade___verylateeverynight.(06年高職考題)A.workB.toworkC.workingD.workedDB3.---TownHallisthetallestbuildinginthecity.----__________fromhere?(07年高職考題）A.CanitbeseenB.CanitseeC.CanseeitD.Canbeseenit4.Janeisoneofthebeststudentsinherclasswho___bytheirteacher.(07年高職考題）A.ispraisedB.arepraisedC.praisingD.praises歷年高職考題AB5.Booksofthiskind_______wellinthisbookshop.(08年高職考題)A.sellB.sellsC.aresoldD.issold6.Asweallknow,HanHan________their(偶像）bymanyyoungpeople.(2011)A.ConsiderasB.isregardedasC.IsthoughtoutD.treatedfor歷年高職考題AB7.----Longtimenosee!-----I’vejustreturned.I_______toAmericaforameetinglastmonth.(2012)amsentB.amsendingC.wassentD.wassendi