廣州大學(xué)陸道夫老師美國文學(xué)課件rober frost

RobertFrostSchoolofForeignLanguagesGuangzhouUniversity

LuDaofu

RobertFrostHislifestory

☆Birthplace:SanFrancisco☆Family:HisfatherdiedofT.B.whenRobertwas11.☆Education:wrotepoemsinhighschool;wenttoDartmouthCollegein1893(at19);1897-1899HarvardCollegewithoutgettingadegree.☆WorkingExperiences:workedatvariousjobswhiletendinghissmallfarminNewHampshire.☆GettingrecognizedinLondonattheageof40withthehelpofEzraPound.FrostwasthemostpopularAmericanpoetfrom1914tohisdeath.

☆wasinvitedtoread“TheGiftOutright”attheinaugurationofPresidentJohnF.Kennedyin1961.Therepresentativepoems

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ABoy’sWill

□MendingWall

□TheRoadNotTaken

□StoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEveningThethemeofhispoems

Hispoemsaregreatcombinationofwisdom,harmonyandserenity;rurallifeofNewEngland,fullofpeacefulnessandserenity;goodatexploringthecomplexityofhumanexistencethroughtrivialsubjects;Amomentarystayagainstconfusion;Styleofhispoemssimplelanguageandtraditionalformsofpoetry;aperfectcombinationofthetraditionalpoeticformsandmodernvocabularyandspeechrhythms;suggestsratherthanspeaks;leavingspacesforhisreaders;Theroadnottaken"Youhavetobecarefulofthatone;it'satrickypoem–verytricky.“-----Frostwarnedthepoemisinspirational,apromotingindividualismandnon-conformity;freewill,rationality,responsibility;Infaceofcriticalchoices,hemeasuresthesituation,makesarationaldecision

(heprefersaharderlife),andisreadytotakefullresponsibilityforhisdecisionforbetterorforworse.Appreciationofthepoemfourstanzasoffivelines.TherhymeschemeisABAAB.therhymesarestrictandmasculine,withnotableexceptionofthelastline.Therearefourstressedsyllableseachline,varyingoniambictetrameterbase.Inthefirststanza,thespeakerdescribeshisposition.AppreciationofthepoemSecondStanzaandthirdstanza,descriptionoftheroads;thepoetadmitsthatbothpathsmaybeequallywornandequallyleaf-covered,anditisonlyinhisfuturerecollectionthathewillcalloneroad"lesstraveledby".FourthStanza---“sighs”withlamentation,ponderingwhathemayhavemissedontheotherpathandthathedoesn’thaveopportunitiestoexperienceanotherkindoflife.StoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEveningconsistsoffouridenticallyconstructedstanzas.Eachlineisiambic,withfourstressedsyllables;withinthefourlinesofeachstanza,thefirst,second,andfourthlinesrhyme.Thethirdlinedoesnot,butitsetsuptherhymesforthenextstanza.;inthethirdstanza,queer,near,andyearallrhyme,butlakerhymeswithshake,mistake,andflakeinthefollowingstanza.ToomanyquestionsinthepoemWhatdowoodsrepresent?Somethinggood?Somethingbad?Whydoestheownerliveinthevillage?Whenisthedarkesteveningoftheyear?Whathappenedbetweenthevillage(or"society,""civilization,""duty,""sensibility,""responsibility")andthewoods(thatwhichisbeyondthebordersofthevillageandallitrepresents)?TheanalysisofthepoemInthefirststanza,thepoetleadsustoapieceofbeautifulwoodsfilledupwithsnow.Asweallknowthatthewoodsareusuallylinkedwithmyth,theunknownworld,andtheutmosttranquillity.Wecanguessthat,inthispoem,thepoettakesthewoodsastheeternallife,thebliss,thatistosaytheHeaven.Heisfedupwiththeroutineduties,andwantstorestforever.Thewoodshappenstoprovideanidealplace.

Theanalysisofthepoem

Thenitcomestothesnowyevening.“Itisthedarkesteveningoftheyear.”Thesnowiscoldandtheeveningdark,allofwhichindicatethatthepoetisdepressedinside.Hissubconsciouswantshimtostop,buthis“l(fā)ittlehorse”withtheinspiringbells,whichisactuallyasymbolofvitality,urgeshimtogo.Inthesecondstanza,thepoetuses“frozenlake”todenotedeath.Whyhetransferstheembodimentofdeathfromthebeautiful“woods”tothedeadly“frozenlake”isbecausethepointofviewhaschangedfromthepoettothelittlehorse.

Theanalysisofthepoem

Inthethirdstanza,thelittlehorsewonderswhythepoetstopswhenheshouldhavegoon.Only“theeasywind”and“downyflake”answeritwithsoftsweep.Wecanimaginethescene:the“downyflake”issolightandgentlethatitfliesinthesoftwind.Thuswecangettheidea:thepoet’sanswerisasslightanduncertainastheflakes,becausehehimselfdoesn’tknowwhyhestopssuddenlyinthewoods.TheanalysisofthepoemTowardtheend,thepoetcomesbackfromtheillusion.Thoughthewoodsareattractive,hemustmoveon,becausehehaspromisetokeep.“Thepromise”couldbeanobligationoragoal.Onecannotdiebeforefulfillingone’sdream.Thepoetuses“sleep”torepresentdeath,justasweusuallydo.

useofimageryagreatdealofimagery,suchasdark,deepwoodsinlinethirteenthatarebeingfilledwithlargeamountsofsnowpouringfromtheskyinlinefour,andhouseinasmallvillage,againthesnowcomingdown,exceptthistimeontheroofthehouse,inlinethree.Also,afrozenlake,letitbebigorsmall,withtheskydarkeningfast,inlinessevenandeight.Inthethirdstanza,ahorseisshownshakingthebellsonhisreigns,asiftocalltheattentionofthespeaker,toinformhimthathemusthavemadeamistake.Theendof….上下文語境關(guān)系的補(bǔ)充（答案）戰(zhàn)爭期間(要是)碰到這樣的年景，很多人肯定會死去，很多人會逃荒要飯，很多人會被迫賣兒賣女。(由于)受到了這樣的鼓勵(lì)，他們?yōu)榈诙曛贫艘粋€(gè)更大膽的計(jì)劃。介詞的使用要是一個(gè)人不能一上任就看出誰支持他，誰反對他，那他就不配搞政治。連詞的使用（答案）就在這期間，愛因斯坦開始進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)研究。經(jīng)過這項(xiàng)研究，他創(chuàng)立了著名的相對論。幾乎所有的物質(zhì)都是熱脹冷縮的。漢語四字格詞語的使用綠草萋萋，白云冉冉，彩蝶翩翩，這日子是如此清新可愛；蜜蜂無言，春花不語，海波聲歇。大地靜謐，這日子是如此萬籟俱寂。然而并非安靜，因?yàn)槿f物各以其適宜的時(shí)刻，特有的節(jié)奏，或動，或搖，或振，或起，或伏。漢語四字格詞語的使用Hewentonindulginginwishfulthinking．Chickenswouldbreedmorechickens．Sellingthemwouldbringhimmoney．Withthishecouldbuycows．ThecowswouldbreedtooandSellingoxenwouldmakemoremoneyforhim．Withthemoney．Hecouldbecomeamoneylender.Suchasuccessionofstepsforgettingrich，ofcourse,hadnothingatallwithproduction.形合與意合練習(xí)為什么如此眾多的美國人不能如想象中那樣幸福昵?我認(rèn)為原因有二，而兩者之間又有深淺之分。一般情感主義者喜歡用大字眼，稱之為對于理想愛情的渴望。換言之，他們認(rèn)為女人的情感平時(shí)只能零星發(fā)泄，必須有了丈夫和孩子，情感收聚起來有了歸宿，自己才能得到滿足。漢語松散句的翻譯練習(xí)***Absorbedinhiswalking，OldShuanwasstartledwhenhesawthecrossroadlyingdistinctlyaheadofhim．Hewalkedbackafewstepstostandundertheeavesofashopinfrontofitscloseddoor．****

Theisolationoftheruralworldbecauseofdistanceandthelackoftransportfacilitiesiscompoundedbythepaucityoftheinformationmedia．物稱與人稱的翻譯練習(xí)1.我突然想到了一個(gè)主意。2．她獨(dú)處時(shí)便感到一種特殊的安寧。3．

他開始變得驚恐萬狀。4.一踏上中華人民共和國國土，我們就隨時(shí)隨地受到關(guān)懷與照顧。被動與主動的翻譯練習(xí)

ItiswellknownthatthecompasswasinventedinChinamorethantwothousandyearsago．

KissingerwasalarmedbyChina’SfirstatomicblastinOctober，1964．名詞動用的翻譯(key)1.他能吃能睡。2.計(jì)算機(jī)比人檢查得更細(xì)心、更勤快3．有人給他撐腰。

4．福特一開始就保證說：“總統(tǒng)先生，我支持您，并效忠于您?！庇⒄Z省略，漢語重復(fù)的翻譯(key)1.說一個(gè)人自私自利，并非因?yàn)樗粓D自己的利益，而是因?yàn)樗活權(quán)徣说睦妗?.野心不僅是罪惡的根源，也是毀滅的根源。

3．要順應(yīng)自然工作，不要違反自然工作。4.閱讀訓(xùn)練人的眼睛，說話訓(xùn)練人的口齒，寫作訓(xùn)練人的思維。漢語重復(fù)，英語省略的翻譯Theroadwaspackedwithanoisycrowdofmenandwoman，whoweresellingandbuyingallkindsofthing