2023年12月閱讀理解資料(全中文翻譯)

第二部分閱讀理解(2)passage2（2023年12月網(wǎng)考）全翻譯版2023年版新大綱9套模擬題18篇閱讀理解（必考一篇），出現(xiàn)在考試中閱讀部分的第二篇，小抄或硬背，必須掌握，原題出現(xiàn)，答案位置不變，15分不可以丟失。網(wǎng)考考試時(shí)為第11—15題。Passage1TheFrenchRevolutionbrokeoutin1789.AtthetimeFrancewasinacrisis.Thegovernmentwasbadlyrunandpeople’slivesweremiserable.KingLouisXIVtriedtocontrolthenationalparliamentandraisemoretaxes.Buthiseffortfailed.HeorderedhistroopstoVersailles.ThepeoplethoughtthatLouisintendedtoputdowntheRevolutionbyforce.OnJuly14,1789,theystormedandtooktheBastille,wherepoliticalprisonerswerekept.Eversincethatday,July14hasbeentheFrenchNationalDay.Louistriedtofleethecountryin1792togetsupportfromAustriaandPrussia.However,hewascaughtandputinprison.InSeptember1792,themonarchywasabolished.Inthesameyear,Louiswasexecuted.Afewmonthslaterhiswife,Mariealsohadherheadcutoff.TheRevolutionofFrancehadfrightenedtheotherkingsofEurope.ArmiesfromAustriaandPrussiabegantomarchagainstFrance.TheFrenchraisedrepublicanarmiestodefendthenation.TheRevolutionwentthroughaperiodofterror.Thousandsofpeoplelosttheirlives.Intheend,powerpassedtoNapoleonBonaparte.(190words)法國大革命于1789年爆發(fā)。當(dāng)時(shí)法國正處在一片混亂中，政府腐敗，人民生活凄慘。路易十六世企圖控制議會(huì)并增長賦稅，但最后失敗了。他命令軍隊(duì)進(jìn)入凡爾賽。人民都認(rèn)為他企圖用武力彈壓革命。1789年7月14日，人民群眾爆發(fā)了，攻占了關(guān)押政治犯的巴士底獄。從那天以后，7月14日就被定為法國的國慶日。1792年，路易十六企圖逃離法國，并從奧地利和普魯士獲得支持，但他被捕了。1792年王室被廢除，路易十六被處以死刑。幾個(gè)月后，他的妻子，瑪麗也被處以死刑。法國大革命令歐洲其它國家的國王感到膽怯。奧地利和普魯士的軍隊(duì)進(jìn)入了法國。法國人民組織起了共和軍來保衛(wèi)祖國，革命陷入了一個(gè)艱苦階段。成千上萬的人犧牲了。最后，權(quán)力落入了拿破侖﹒波拿巴手中。6.What’sthispassageabout?這篇文章重要講了什么？A.France. B.KingLouis. C.TheFrenchRevolution.法國大革命 D.Europe.7.Whichdidnothappenin1789?以下哪件事不是發(fā)生在1789年？A.TheFrenchRevolutionbrokeout. B.Thenationaleconomywasdevelopingrapidly.國家經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展。C.Thegovernmentwasn’twellrun.D.KingLouisXIVwasinpower.8.Wherewerethepoliticalprisonerskept?那些政治犯被關(guān)押在哪里？A.InVersailles. B.InAustria. C.InPrussia. D.InBastille.巴士底獄9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“abolished”mean?劃了下劃線的“abolished”這個(gè)詞是什么意思？A.Putoff. B.Established. C.United. D.Ended.廢除。10.WhatwasNOTtheeffectoftheRevolution?以下哪個(gè)不是法國大革命產(chǎn)生的效果？A.July14hasbecometheFrenchNationalDay.B.ItbroughtsomeimpactontheotherEuropeanKings.C.Louis’swife,Mariewaskilled.D.Thekingtriedtocontrolthenationalparliament.國王試圖控制議會(huì)。Passage2Aforeigner’sfirstimpressionoftheU.S.islikelytobethateveryoneisinarush-oftenunderpressure.Citypeopleappearalwaystobehurryingtogetwheretheyaregoingrestlessly,seekingattentioninastore,andelbowingothersastheytrytocompletetheirerrands（任務(wù)）.Racingthroughdaytimemealsispartofthepaceoflifeinthiscountry.一個(gè)外國人對(duì)于美國的第一印象很有也許是每個(gè)人都在壓力下急忙忙忙。城市里的人總是表現(xiàn)得急忙忙忙不知疲倦的，為了盡快做完一件事情，他們會(huì)在店里拼命引起店員的注意或者用胳膊肘推搡別人。白天匆忙就餐也是這個(gè)國家生活節(jié)奏的一個(gè)部分。Workingtimeisconsideredprecious.Othersinpubliceatingplacesarewaitingforyoutofinishsothattheytoocanbeservedandgetbacktoworkwithinthetimeallowed.Eachpersonhurriestomakeroomforthenextperson.Ifyoudon’t,waiterswillhurryyou.工作時(shí)間被認(rèn)為是很珍貴的。在一些公共飲食場(chǎng)合，其別人會(huì)等在你旁邊等你吃完，這樣大家都可以得到服務(wù)，并趕在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)回去工作。每個(gè)人都會(huì)盡快給下一個(gè)人騰出地方。假如你不這樣，侍者會(huì)催促你的。Youalsofinddriverswillbeabruptandthatpeoplewillpushpastyou.Youwillmisssmiles,briefconversations,andsmallcourtesieswithstrangers.Don’ttakeitpersonally.Thisisbecausepeoplevaluetimehighly,andtheyresentsomeoneelse“wasting”itbeyondacertaincourtesypoint.你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)司機(jī)也都很匆忙，人們從你身邊急忙走過。你會(huì)錯(cuò)過一些微笑，簡短的交談和一些與陌生人的小禮節(jié)。不要在意，這是由于他們非常愛惜時(shí)間，并且他們認(rèn)為一旦太注重這些社交禮節(jié)就是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。Theviewoftimeaffectstheimportanceweattachtopatience.IntheAmericansystemofvalues,patienceisnotahighpriority.Manyofushavewhatmightbecalled“ashortfuse.”Webegintomoverestlesslyaboutifwefeeltimeisslippingawaywithoutsomereturnbethisintermsofpleasure,workvalue,orrest.Thosecomingfromlandswheretimeislookedupondifferentlymayfindthismatterofpacetobeoneoftheirmostdifficultadjustmentsinbothbusinessanddailylife.對(duì)時(shí)間的觀念還會(huì)影響到我們對(duì)耐心的理解。在美國價(jià)值體系中，耐心并不是首要考慮的。我們中的很多人被稱為“脾氣火爆”。假如我們覺得時(shí)間在毫無意義的溜走，既沒有娛樂價(jià)值，工作價(jià)值，也不在休息，那就會(huì)開始不斷地徘徊。那些來自時(shí)間觀念不同的國家的人發(fā)現(xiàn)他們?cè)谏虡I(yè)和平常生活中最困難的就是對(duì)時(shí)間節(jié)奏的適應(yīng)。ManynewcomerstotheStateswillmisstheopeningcourtesyofabusinesscall,forexample,theywillmisstheritualsocializingthatgoeswithawelcomingcupofteaorcoffeetheymaybetraditionalintheirowncountry.Theymaymissleisurelybusinesschatsinacaféorcoffeehouse.Normally,Americansdonotassesstheirvisitorsinsuchrelaxedsurroundingsoverprolongedsmalltalks.Weseekoutevidenceofpastperformanceratherthanevaluateabusinesscolleaguethroughsocialcourtesies.Sincewegenerallyassessandprobeprofessionallyratherthansocially,westarttalkingbusinessveryquickly.(348words)許多剛到美國來的人都會(huì)想念他們?cè)谏虡I(yè)會(huì)談中一些開場(chǎng)禮節(jié)。舉個(gè)例子，他們會(huì)想念歡迎你到來而泡的一杯茶或咖啡這樣的社交禮儀，這在他們國家是常規(guī)禮儀。他們會(huì)想念在咖啡屋悠閑的會(huì)談。而通常，美國人不會(huì)與來訪者在這么悠閑的環(huán)境中進(jìn)行一些冗長的小會(huì)談。對(duì)于同事，我們總是看他過去的表現(xiàn)而不是與他的社交禮儀。由于我們一般都是更注重專業(yè)性的，而不是社交性的，因此我們總是不久進(jìn)入正題。11. Whichofthefollowingstatementsiswrong?__________以下哪項(xiàng)陳述是錯(cuò)誤的？A.Americansseemtobealwaysunderpressure.B.Americansattachlessimportancetopatience.C.Americansdon’tcaremuchaboutritualsocializing.D.Americansareimpolitetotheirbusinesscolleagues.美國人對(duì)他們的同事不禮貌。12. Inthefourthparagraph,“ahighpriority”means__________.第四段中的“ahighpriority”是什么意思？A.alessimportantthing B.afirstconcern要首要考慮的。C.agoodbusiness D.anattractivegift13. Americansevaluateabusinesscolleague__________.美國人評(píng)價(jià)他們的同事是根據(jù)__________。A.throughsocialcourtesy B.throughprolongedbusinesstalksC.byestablishingbusinessrelations D.bylearningabouttheirpastperformance他們過去的表現(xiàn)。14. Thispassagemainlytalksabout__________.本文重要講了___________。A.howAmericanstreasuretheirtime美國人是如何愛惜時(shí)間的。 B.howbusyAmericansareeverydayC.howAmericansdobusinesswithforeigners D.whatAmericanwayoflifeislike15. Wecaninferfromthepassagethattheauthor’stoneinwritingis___________.從本文我們可以看出作者寫作的口吻是___________。A.critical B.ironical C.appreciative欣賞的。 D.objectivePassage3Sixteen-year-oldMariawaswaitinginlineattheairportinSantoDomingo.ShewasleavinghernativecountrytojoinhersisterintheUnitedStates.ShespokeEnglishverywell.Thoughshewasveryhappyshecouldgoabroad,shewasfeelingsadatleavingherfamilyandfiends.Asshewasthinkingallaboutthis,shesuddenlyheardtheairlineemployeeaskinghertopickupherluggageandputitonthescales（稱）.Mariapulledandpulled.Thebagwastooheavyandshejustcouldn’tliftitup.Themanbehindhergotveryimpatient.He,too,waswaitingtocheckinhisluggage.Maria，十六歲，她正在圣多明各(多米尼加首都)的機(jī)場(chǎng)排隊(duì)等候。她正要離開自己的祖國去美國和她的姐姐團(tuán)聚。她的英語講得很好。雖然她要出國了覺得不久樂，但此時(shí)要離開她的家人和朋友也很傷心。正在她想這些的時(shí)候，她忽然聽到機(jī)場(chǎng)的工作人員正在叫她把行李放到稱上。Maria拉了又拉，包太重，她主線抬不起來。她后面的男人很不耐煩了。他也是等著托運(yùn)營李的?！癢hat’swrongwiththisgirl?”Hesaid,“Whydoesn’tshehurryup?”Hemovedforwardandplacedhisbagonthecounter,hopingtocheckinfirst.Hewasinahurrytogetagoodseat.“這女孩怎么了？”他說道，“她為什么不快點(diǎn)？”他走到前面，把包放在臺(tái)上，希望能先登記。他急著想要得到一個(gè)好的座位。Mariawasveryangry,butshewasverypolite.AndinherbestEnglishshesaid,“Whyareyousoupset?Thereareenoughseatsforeveryoneontheplane.Ifyouareinsuchahurry,whycan’tyougivemeahandwithmyluggage?”Maria很氣憤，但她很有禮貌。她用最優(yōu)美的英語說，“你為什么如此傷感？飛機(jī)上的每個(gè)人都有座位。假如你真的很急，為什么不能幫我搬一下行李？”ThemanwassurprisedtohearMariaspeakEnglish.Hequicklypickeduphisluggageandsteppedback.Everyonewaslookingathimwithdisapproval.(224words)這男人聽到Maria會(huì)講英語覺得很驚訝。他不久拿起自己的行李退了回去。每個(gè)人都很不贊成得看著他。6.Maria’sstoryhappened________.Maria的故事發(fā)生在什么時(shí)候？A.whenshewasleavingAmerica B.onherwaybacktoSantoDomingoC.beforeshelefttheUSA D.whenshearrivedattheairport她到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)后。7.Youbelieverthattheworkoftheairlineemployeementionedinthestoryisto_______attheairport.你認(rèn)為故事中提到的機(jī)場(chǎng)工作人員的工作是什么？A.helpcarrypeople’sluggage B.askpeopletopickuptheluggageC.checkpeople’sluggage檢查旅客的行李 D.takecareofpeople’sluggage8.“Whyareyousoupset?”Mariasaidtotheman.Shewantedtotellhimthatheshouldnotbe_______.“為什么你如此傷感？”Maria對(duì)那個(gè)男人說。她這么說是要告訴他不要不快樂。A.surprised B.sad C.unhappy D.sorry9.“Everyonewaslookingathimwithdisapproval.”Thissentencemeansthatthepeoplearoundfelt_______.“每個(gè)人都很不贊成地看著他”這句話的意思是周邊的人為這男人的行為感到很遺憾。A.worriedaboutMaria B.worriedaboutthemanC.sorryforMaria’smanners D.sorryfortheman’smanners10.TheauthormentionedMaria’sageatthebeginningofthestoryinordertoshowthat_________.作者在故事的開頭就提到Maria的年齡是為了表達(dá)什么？A.shewasyoungbutbehavedproperly 她很小，但行為很得體。 B.shewouldnothavelefthomealoneC.everyonearoundherwaswrong D.itwasnotgoodthatnobodyofferedtohelpherPassage4BritainandFranceareseparatedbytheEnglishChannel,abodyofwaterthatcanbecrossedinasfewas20minutes.Buttheculturesofthetwocountriessometimesseemtobemilesapart.英國和法國被英吉利海峽阻隔，游泳穿越該海峽只要不到20分鐘的時(shí)間。但這兩個(gè)國家的文化有時(shí)相差十萬八千里。LastThursdayBritainandFrancecelebratedthe100thanniversary（周年紀(jì)念）ofthesigningofafriendshipagreementcalledtheEntenteCordiality.Theagreementmarkedanewbeginningforthecountriesfollowingcenturiesofwarsandlove-hatepartnership.上星期四，英國和法國慶祝了《和諧協(xié)議》簽訂100周年的紀(jì)念活動(dòng)。該協(xié)議標(biāo)志著兩個(gè)國家在經(jīng)歷了幾個(gè)世紀(jì)的戰(zhàn)爭和愛恨交織的關(guān)系后的新篇章。Buttheirrelationshiphasbeenupsanddownsoverthepastcentury.Justlastyear,therewerefiercedisagreementsovertheIraqwar-whichBritishPrimeMinisterTonyBlairsupporteddespiteFrenchPresidentJacquesChiracspeakingoutagainstit.ThisdiscomfortisexpressedinBlairandChirac’sbodylanguageatinternationalmeetings.WhiletheFrenchleaderoftengreetsGermanChancellorGerhardSchroederwithahug（擁抱）,Blairjustreceivesahandshake.However,somepoliticalexpertssaythewarinIraqcouldinfacthavehelpedties.但他們的關(guān)系在上個(gè)世紀(jì)也經(jīng)歷了幾番起落。僅去年，對(duì)伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭問題進(jìn)行了劇烈的爭論-英國首相布萊爾支持而法國總統(tǒng)希拉克反對(duì)。國際會(huì)議中，這種別扭在布萊爾和希拉克的身體語言中表現(xiàn)得很明顯。當(dāng)法國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人屢屢與德國總理格哈特·施羅德?lián)肀r(shí)，布萊爾只得到了握手。然而，有些政治專家說正是伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭促進(jìn)了兩國的關(guān)系。Thehistoryofdivisionsmaywellbebecauseoftheverydifferentwaysinwhichthetwosidesseetheworld.Butthisdoesn’tstop12millionBritonstakingholidaysinFranceeachyear.However,only3millionFrenchcomeintheoppositedirection.Surveys（調(diào)查）showthatmostFrenchpeoplefeelclosertotheGermansthantheydototheBritish.AndtheresearchcarriedoutinBritainhasfoundthatonlyathirdofthepopulationbelievestheFrenchcanbetrusted.PerhapsthisbadfeelingcomesbecausetheBritishdislikeFrance’scloserelationshipwithGermany,orbecausetheFrencharenothappywithBritain’scloselinkswiththeUS.這種歷來的分離也許是好的，由于這兩個(gè)國家對(duì)世界的見解完全不同。但是這并沒有阻隔1200萬的英國人每年到法國度假。而法國僅有300萬的人民去英國度假。調(diào)查顯示大多數(shù)法國人對(duì)德國人比對(duì)英國人親切。并且在英國進(jìn)行的調(diào)查顯示僅有1/3的英國人信任法國人。也許這種壞的感覺是由于英國人不喜歡法國跟德國的密切關(guān)系，或者由于法國對(duì)英國和美國的密切關(guān)系感到不悅。Whatevertheansweris,asbothsidescelebrate100yearsof“doubtfulfriendship”,theyareatleastabletomakejokesabouteachother.Here’sone:What’sthebestthingaboutBritain’srelationshipwithFrance?TheEnglishChannel.(320words)不管答案是什么，雙方能在一起慶祝這種“不擬定的和諧關(guān)系”100周年，至少證明他們會(huì)互相開玩笑了。其中一條就是：英國與法國的關(guān)系的最佳見證是什么？是英吉利海峽。11. Forcenturies,therelationshipbetweenBritainandFranceis____________.幾世紀(jì)以來，英國與法國的關(guān)系是一種的愛恨交織的關(guān)系。A.friendly B.impolite C.brotherly D.amixtureofloveandhate12. ThewarinIraqdoes____________totherelationshipbetweenFranceandBritain.伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭對(duì)英國和法國的關(guān)系起到既好又壞的作用。A.good B.harm C.neithergoodnorharm D.bothgoodandharm13. TheBritisharenotsofriendlyto____________andtheFrencharenotsofriendlyto____________.英國對(duì)德國不是那么和諧，法國對(duì)美國也不是那么和諧。A.Germany;America B.America;GermanyC.Germany;Germany D.America;America14. ____________aremoreinterestedinhavingholidaysin____________.英國人更喜歡到法國度假。A.Americanpeople…Britain B.Britishpeople…GermanyC.Frenchpeople…Britain D.Britishpeople…France15. Whatdoesthelastsentencemean?文章的最后一句的意思是什么？A.AslongastheEnglishChannelexists,nofurtherdisagreementwillformbetweenFranceandBritain.B.TheEnglishChannelcanpreventanythingunfriendlyhappeninginbothFranceandBritain.C.FranceandBritainarenearneighbors,andthiswillhelpbalancetherelationshipbetweenthem.法國和英國是一衣帶水的鄰邦，這會(huì)幫助兩國平衡他們之間的關(guān)系。D.TheEnglishChannelisthelargestenemybetweenFranceandBritain.Passage5Communityserviceisanimportantcomponentofeducationhereatouruniversity.Weencourageallstudentstovolunteerforatleastonecommunityactivitybeforetheygraduate.Anewcommunityprogramcalled“OneOnOne”helpselementarystudentswho’vefallenbehind.Youreducationmajorsmightbeespeciallyinterestedinitbecauseitofferstheopportunitytodosometeaching,thatis,tutoringinmathandEnglish.社區(qū)服務(wù)是我們大學(xué)教育的一個(gè)重要的部分。我們鼓勵(lì)所有的學(xué)生在畢業(yè)前至少從事一項(xiàng)社區(qū)活動(dòng)。一項(xiàng)新的叫做“一對(duì)一”的社區(qū)計(jì)劃是用于幫助那些落后的小學(xué)生的。讀教育專業(yè)的學(xué)生也許對(duì)這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃特別感愛好，由于它為你提供了教學(xué)（教數(shù)學(xué)和英語）的機(jī)會(huì)。You’dhavetovolunteertwohoursaweekforonesemester.Youcanchoosetohelpachildwithmath,English,orboth.Half-hourlessonsarefine,soyoucoulddoahalfhourofeachsubjecttwodaysaweek.你在一個(gè)學(xué)期內(nèi)每周得自愿工作兩小時(shí)。你可以選擇教小孩數(shù)學(xué)，英語，或兩者都教。一節(jié)課半小時(shí)比較好，因此你可以每周教兩天，每次每門課半小時(shí)。ProfessorDodgewillactasamentortothetutors—he’llbeavailabletohelpyouwithlessonplansortooffersuggestionsforactivities.HehasofficehourseveryTuesdayandThursdayafternoon.Youcansignupfortheprogramwithhimandbeginthetutoringnextweek.道奇專家將擔(dān)任這些家庭教師的顧問。他會(huì)幫你制訂教學(xué)計(jì)劃或提供活動(dòng)的建議。他的辦公時(shí)間是每周二和周四下午。你可以在他那簽約參與這個(gè)計(jì)劃并于下周開始工作。I’msureyou’llenjoythiscommunityservice…andyou’llgainvaluableexperienceatthesametime.Itlooksgoodonyourresume,too,showingthatyou’vehadexperiencewithchildrenandthatyoucareaboutyourcommunity.Ifyou’dliketosignup,orifyouhaveanyquestions,stopbyProfessorDodge’sofficethisweek.(220words)我確信你會(huì)喜歡這項(xiàng)社區(qū)服務(wù)，同時(shí)你也能獲得寶貴的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。能在你的簡歷上表白你有教孩子的經(jīng)驗(yàn)并且你能關(guān)心你的社區(qū)，應(yīng)當(dāng)是很不錯(cuò)的一件事。假如你樂意簽約或假如你有任何問題，于本周前往道奇專家的辦公室。6. Whatisthepurposeofthetalk?____________這段話的目的是什么？A.Toexplainanewrequirementforgraduation.B.Tointereststudentsinanewcommunityprogram.是為了使學(xué)生們對(duì)一項(xiàng)新的社區(qū)計(jì)劃感愛好。C.Todiscusstheproblemsofelementaryschoolstudents.D.Torecruitelementaryschoolteachersforaspecialprogram.7. Whatisthepurposeoftheprogramthatthespeakerdescribes?____________發(fā)言人所說的這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃的目的是什么？A.Tofindjobsforgraduatingstudents.B.Tohelpeducationmajorsprepareforfinalexams.C.Tooffertutorialstoelementaryschoolstudents.為小學(xué)生提供家教服務(wù)。D.Toprovidefundingforacommunityserviceproject.8. WhatdoesProfessorDodgedo?____________道奇專家是干什么的？A.Headvisesstudentstoparticipateincertainprogram.他為學(xué)生參與某項(xiàng)計(jì)劃提供建議。B.Heteachespart-timeinanelementaryschool.C.Heobserveselementaryschoolstudentsintheclassroom.D.Hehelpsstudentspreparetheirresumes.9. Whatshouldstudentswhoareinterestedinthetutorialsdo?____________對(duì)家教有愛好的學(xué)生應(yīng)當(dāng)怎么做？A.Contacttheelementaryschool.B.Signupforaspecialclass.C.Submitaresumetothedean.D.TalktoProfessorDodge.和道奇專家談?wù)劇?0.Whomdoyouthinkthespeakeraddresses?____________你認(rèn)為說話者是在對(duì)誰說這些話的。學(xué)生。Faculty. B.Students. C.Residents D.Graduatedstudents.Passage6Paperisoneofthemostimportantproductseverinventedbyman.Widespreaduseofwrittenlanguagewouldnothavebeenpossiblewithoutsomecheapandpracticalmaterialtowriteon.Theinventionofpapermeantthatmorepeoplecouldbeeducatedbecausemorebookscouldbeprintedanddistributed.Togetherwiththeprintingpress,paperprovidedanextremelyimportantwaytocommunicateknowledge.紙是人類發(fā)明的最重要的產(chǎn)品之一。沒有一些便宜而又實(shí)用的材料來寫的話，書面語也不也許廣泛傳播。紙的發(fā)明意味著更多的人可以接受教育，由于更多的書可以印出來并分發(fā)出去。紙和印刷一起為知識(shí)的交流提供了極其重要的途徑。Howmuchpaperdoyouuseeveryyear?Probablyyoucannotanswerthatquestionquickly.In1990theworld’suseofpaperwasaboutonekilogramforeachpersonayear.Nowsomecountriesuseasmuchas50kilogramsofpaperforeachpersonayear.CountriesliketheUnitedStates,EnglandandSwedenusemorepaperthanothercountries.我們每年用多少紙呢？也許你無法不久回答出這個(gè)問題。在192023，全世界的用紙量是每年人均一公斤左右?，F(xiàn)在有些國家的用量達(dá)成每年人均50公斤。像美國，英國和瑞典這樣的國家的用量遠(yuǎn)超其他各國。Paper,likemanyotherthingsthatweusetoday,wasfirstmadeinChina.InEgyptandtheWest,paperwasnotverycommonlyusedbeforetheyear1400.TheEgyptianswroteonakindofmaterialmadeofawaterplant.Europeansusedparchmentformanyhundredsofyear.Parchmentwasverystrong;itwasmadefromtheskinofcertainyounganimals.WehavelearntofthemostimportantfactsofEuropeanhistoryfromrecordsthatwerekeptonparchment.(208words)像許多其他我們用的東西同樣，紙最早發(fā)明于中國。在埃及和西方，十五世紀(jì)前紙并沒有廣泛使用。埃及人寫字寫在一種水生植物做成的材料上。歐洲人用羊皮紙用了好幾百年。羊皮紙很牢固，它是用某些幼年動(dòng)物的皮做成的。從羊皮紙上保存的記錄中我們了解到關(guān)于歐洲歷史的最重要的事情。11. What’sthemeaningfortheword“parchment”?____________“parchment”的意思是什么？A.Theskinofyounganimals.B.Akindofpapermadefromtheskinofcertainyounganimals.一種用某些幼年動(dòng)物的皮做成的紙。C.ThepaperusedbyEuropeancountries.D.ThepaperofEgypt.12. Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedabouttheinventionofpaper?____________關(guān)于紙的發(fā)明下面哪項(xiàng)沒有被提到？A.Morejobscouldbeprovidedthanbefore.工作機(jī)會(huì)比以前更多了。B.Morepeoplecouldbeeducatedthanbefore.C.Morebookscouldbeprintedanddistributed.D.Morewayscouldbeusedtoexchangeknowledge.13. WhendidtheEgyptiansbegintousepaperwidely?____________埃及人什么時(shí)候開始廣泛地使用紙？大約在142023。A.Around1400. B.Around1900. C.Around400. D.Around900.14.Whichofthefollowingcountriesusesmorepaperforeachpersonayear?____________以下哪個(gè)國家每年人均用紙量更大？瑞典。 A.China B.Sweden C.Egypt D.Japan15. Whatisthemainideaofthisshorttalk?____________這篇文章的重要內(nèi)容是什么？A.Moreandmorepaperisbeingconsumednowadays.B.Paperenablespeopletoreceiveeducationmoreeasily.C.Theinventionofpaperisofgreatsignificancetoman.紙的發(fā)明對(duì)人類非常重要。D.Papercontributesalottothekeepingofhistoricalrecords.Passage7LawshavebeenwrittentogoverntheuseofAmericanNationalFlag,andtoensureproperrespectfortheflag.Customhasalsogovernedthecommonpracticeinregardtoitsuse.Allthearmedserviceshavepreciseregulationsonhowtodisplaythenationalflag.Thismayvarysomewhatfromthegeneralrules.Thenationalflagshouldberaisedandloweredbyhand.Donotraisetheflagwhileitisfolded.Unfoldedtheflagfirst,andthenhoistitquicklytothetopoftheflagpole.Loweritslowlyandwithdignity.Placenoobjectsonorovertheflag.Donotusetheflagaspartofacostumeorathleticuniform.Donotprintituponcushions,handkerchief,papernapkinsorboxes.Afederallawprovidesthatthetrademarkcannotberegisteredifitcomprisestheflag,orbadgersoftheUS.Whentheflagisusedtounveilastatueormonument,itshouldn’tserveasacoveringoftheobjecttobeunveiled.Ifitisdisplayedonsuchoccasions,donotallowtheflagtotheground,butletitbecarriedhighupintheairtoformafeatureoftheceremony.Takeeveryprecautiontopreventtheflagfromsoiled.Itshouldnotbeallowedtotouchthegroundorfloor,nortobrushagainstobjects.已經(jīng)制定了法律來規(guī)定美國國旗的使用,并保證對(duì)國旗應(yīng)有的尊敬。關(guān)于國旗的使用也早已有了慣例。全軍就國旗的展開方法有明確的規(guī)定，這與常規(guī)有點(diǎn)不同。國旗的升降應(yīng)由手工完畢。國旗未展開時(shí)不能升起。應(yīng)先使它展開，然后快速把它升至旗桿頂部。緩慢、莊嚴(yán)地降下。旗上不可以放東西。不要把國旗鑲嵌在衣服或運(yùn)動(dòng)裝上，也不要把國旗印在墊子、手帕、紙巾或盒子上。聯(lián)邦法律規(guī)定假如某個(gè)商標(biāo)具有美國國旗或國徽，這個(gè)商標(biāo)就不能被注冊(cè)。當(dāng)國旗被用來為雕像或紀(jì)念碑揭幕時(shí)，不可以蓋在被揭幕物上。假如國旗被用在這種場(chǎng)合，則不能讓它掉到地上而應(yīng)懸在空中作為這個(gè)典禮的象征。特別注意不要玷污國旗，不允許觸到地面或擦著物體。6.HowdoAmericansensureproperrespectforthenationalflag？美國人是如何保證對(duì)國旗應(yīng)有的尊敬的？A.Bymakinglaws. 通過制定法律。 B.Byenforcingdiscipline.C.Byeducatingthepublic. D.Byholdingceremonies.7.WhatistheregulationregardingtheraisingoftheAmericanNationalFlag?升美國國旗有何規(guī)定？A.Itshouldberaisedbysoldiers. B.Itshouldberaisedquicklybyhand.應(yīng)當(dāng)快速用手升起C.ItshouldberaisedonlybyAmericans. D.Itshouldberaisedbymechanicalmeans.8.HowshouldtheAmericanNationalFlagbedisplayedatanunveilingceremony?揭幕典禮上應(yīng)當(dāng)如何使用國旗？A.Itshouldbeattachedtothestatus. B.Itshouldbehungfromthetopofthemonument.C.Itshouldbespreadovertheobjecttobeunveiled.D.Itshouldbecarriedhighupintheair.應(yīng)當(dāng)懸掛在空中9.WhatdowelearnabouttheuseoftheAmericanNationalFlag?對(duì)于美國國旗的使用我們知道了什么？A.Therehasbeenalotofcontroversyovertheuseofflag.B.Thebestathletescanwearuniformswiththedesignoftheflag.C.Therearepreciseregulationsandcustomstobefollowed.要嚴(yán)格遵守規(guī)定和習(xí)慣。D.Americanscanprinttheflagontheircushionsorhandkerchiefs.10.WhatisAmericans’attitudetowardstheirNationalFlag?美國人對(duì)于自己的國旗是什么態(tài)度？A.Arbitrary . B.Respect. 尊敬 C.Happy. D.Brave.Passage8 IthasbeenreportedthatincollegesacrosstheUnitedStates,thedaytimeserialdramaknownasthesoapoperahassuddenlybecome“in”.Betweenthehoursof11a.m.and4:30p.m.,collegetelevisionloungesarefilledwithsoapoperafanswhocan’twaittoseethenextepisodeinthelivesoftheirfavoritecharacters.據(jù)報(bào)道，在美國大學(xué)里，被稱為肥皂劇的日間系列劇忽然“火”了起來。上午11點(diǎn)至下午4：30，大學(xué)電視觀看室里擠滿了肥皂劇迷，他們急著想看自己所崇敬的偶像的下一集生活劇。 Actually,soapsaremorethanacollegefavorite;they’reayouthfavorite.Whenschoolisout,high-schoolstudentsareinfrontoftheirTVsets.Oneyoungworkingwomanadmittedthatsheturneddownahigherpayingjobratherthangiveupwatchingherfavoriteserials.Duringthe1960’s,itwasuncommonforyoungpeopletowatchsoapoperas.T其實(shí)，肥皂劇不僅僅是大學(xué)生最愛慕的節(jié)目，也是年輕人最愛慕的。放學(xué)后，中學(xué)生都擠在電視機(jī)前觀看節(jié)目。有一個(gè)年輕的職業(yè)婦女坦誠說起曾經(jīng)拒絕了一份薪水不錯(cuò)的工作而不愿放棄觀看最愛慕的系列劇。20世紀(jì)60年代年輕人很少看肥皂劇。那時(shí)的情況與現(xiàn)在很不相同。那是很嚴(yán)厲的時(shí)期，人們所談的都是關(guān)于很重要的社會(huì)大事。 Now,seriousnesshasbeenreplacedbyfun.Youngpeoplewanttobehappy.Itmayseemstrangethattheyshouldturntosoapopera,whichisknownforshowingtroubleinpeople’slives.Butsoapoperaisenjoyment.Youngpeoplecanidentifywiththesoapoperacharacter,who,likethecollege-ageviewer,islookingforhappylove,andprobablynotfindingit.Andsoapoperagivesyoungpeopleachancetofeelclosetopeoplewithouthavingtobearanyresponsibilityfortheirproblems.現(xiàn)在，嚴(yán)厲已被娛樂取代。年輕人想尋找快樂。假如他們想看表現(xiàn)生活煩惱的肥皂劇就會(huì)顯得很奇怪。但肥皂劇是令人快樂的。年輕人可以模仿肥皂劇里的人物，這些人物像大學(xué)生觀眾同樣，在尋找快樂的愛情，也許還沒找到。肥皂劇給年輕人一個(gè)貼近人們的機(jī)會(huì)但對(duì)于他們的問題卻不必承擔(dān)責(zé)任。11.Whatissoapopera?什么是肥皂?。緼.Playsbasedonsciencefictionstories. B.Playsbasedonnon-fictionstories.C.ThedaytimeserialdramasonTV. 白天的電視系列劇。D.PopulardocumentaryfilmsonTV.12.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?這篇文章的最佳題目是什么？A.Collegestudentviewers. B.FavoriteTVserials.C.Soapoperafans. 肥皂劇迷 D.College-ageviewers.13.WhichisNOTthereasonwhythesoapoperahassuddenlybecome“in”amongAmericanyoungpeople?根據(jù)這篇文章，哪一項(xiàng)不是肥皂劇忽然火起來的因素？A.Becausetheviewerswanttobehappyandtoenjoythemselves.B.Becausethesoapoperamakesyoungpeoplefeelclosetotheirpeople.C.Becausetheviewerscanfindthemselvesinthesoapoperacharacters.D.Becausetheyoungpeoplehavetobeartheresponsibilitiesfortheirtroubles.由于年輕人得承擔(dān)問題的責(zé)任。14.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?這篇文章讓我們知道了什么？A.Collegestudentslikesoapoperasmorethananyothersocialgroups.B.Youngpeopleofsixtieslikesoapoperasmorethanpeopletoday.C.Youngviewershaveturnedthemselvesfromtheseriousnessofsixtiestoenjoymentnow.年輕人已經(jīng)使自己從60年代人的嚴(yán)厲轉(zhuǎn)向了現(xiàn)在的快樂。D.Theyoungasawholearetryingtolookforhappylovebutinvain.15.Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconveytous?作者想向我們表達(dá)什么信息？A.Thepeople’sfavoritestodramaworkshavebeenchangedforalongtime.B.Thepeople’sfavoritestodramaworkschangealongwiththetimes.人們對(duì)戲劇作品的愛慕隨著時(shí)間而改變C.Thepeople’sfavoritestodramaworksischangedbythesoapopera.D.Thepeople’sfavoriteshavechangedthedramaworks.Passage9 ManypeoplewhoworkinLondonprefertoliveoutsideit,andtogointotheirofficesorschoolseverydaybytrain,carorbus,eventhoughthismeanstheyhavetogetupearlyinthemorningandreachhomelateintheevening.很多在倫敦工作的人喜歡住在倫敦郊外，然后天天乘火車、汽車和公交車去上班或上學(xué)。這也就意味著他們不得不早出晚歸。 OneadvantageoflivingoutsideLondonisthathousesarecheaper.EvenasmallflatinLondonwithoutagardencostsquitealottorent.Withthesamemoney,onecangetalittlehouseinthecountrywithagardenofone’sown. 住在倫敦郊外的一個(gè)好處就是房子便宜。在倫敦即使是沒有花園的小公寓也需要一筆不菲的租金，用同樣的錢，你可以在郊區(qū)買一個(gè)帶花園的小房子了。 Then,inthecountryonecanreallygetawayfromthenoiseandhurryofbusyworkinglives.Eventhoughonehastogetupearlierandspendmoretimeintrainsorbuses,onecansleepbetteratnightandduringweekendsandonsummerevenings,onecanenjoythefresh,cleanairofthecountry.Ifonelikesgardens,onecanspendone’sfreetimedigging,planting,wateringanddoingthehundredandoneotherjobswhichareneededinagarden.Then,whentheflowersandvegetablescomeup,onehasgottherewardtogetherwiththosewhohavesharedthesecretofNature. 然后，他在鄉(xiāng)村就可以遠(yuǎn)離喧囂和忙碌的工作生活。即使他不得不起得更早，花更多的時(shí)間乘火車或公交車，但他晚上可以睡得更好。在周末和夏季的夜晚，他可以享受鄉(xiāng)村清新干凈的空氣。要是他喜歡花園，在花園里干一些想挖土、種植、澆水等許多園藝的活，那么當(dāng)鮮花和蔬菜生長起來的時(shí)候，他就與其他分享大自然秘密的人們同樣得到獎(jiǎng)賞。 Somepeople,however,takenointerestincountrythings:forthem,happinessliesinthetown,withitscinemasandtheatres,beautifulshopsandbusystreets,dance-hallsandrestaurants.SuchpeoplewouldfeelthattheirlifewasnotworthlivingiftheyhadtoliveitoutsideLondon.Anoccasionalwalkinoneoftheparksandafortnight’s(twoweeks)visittotheseaeverysummerisallthecountrytheywant:theresttheyarequitepreparedtoleavetothosewhoaregladtogetawayfromLondoneverynight. 然而有些人對(duì)鄉(xiāng)村并不感愛好。對(duì)他們來說，幸福就在市區(qū)里，那里有電影院、劇院、美麗的商店、繁忙的街道、舞廳和飯店。假如不得不住在倫敦郊外的話，這些人就覺得生活沒意義了。（對(duì)于那些熱愛都市生活的人來說）他們所需要的鄉(xiāng)村生活，就是偶爾去公園散步，每個(gè)夏天去海邊過上兩個(gè)星期，其他跟鄉(xiāng)村有關(guān)的東西，讓那些天天晚上都急于離開倫敦的人們（住在郊外的人們）去享受吧。6.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?下列哪個(gè)陳述是不對(duì)的？A.PeoplewholoveNatureprefertoliveoutsidethecity.B.AllthepeoplewhoworkinLondonprefertoliveinthecountry.所有在倫敦工作的人都喜歡住在倫敦市郊C.SomepeopleenjoyingcitylifeprefertoworkandliveinsideLondon.D.Manynaturelovers,thoughworkinginLondon,prefertoliveoutsidethecity.7.Withthesamemoneyneededfor_______,onecanbuyalittlehousewithagardeninthecountry.用同樣的錢_______,他可以在鄉(xiāng)村買到一套有花園的小房子。A.gettingasmallflatwithagarden B.havingasmallflatwithagardenC.rentingasmallflatwithoutagarden 租一套沒有花園的小公寓 D.buyingasmallflatwithoutagarden 8.Whenthegardenisinblossom,theone_______hasbeenrewarded.當(dāng)花園里開滿鮮花的時(shí)候，那個(gè)_______的人就得到了獎(jiǎng)賞。A.livinginthecountry B.havingspenttimeworkinginthegarden花時(shí)間在花園里工作C.havingagarden