2015-2016學(xué)年人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修1課件：第一單元2

探究·核心知識(shí)PeriodⅡ

WarmingUp&Reading1．a(chǎn)ddup合計(jì)(教材P1)Addupyourscoreandseehowmanypointsyouget.累加你的分?jǐn)?shù)，看你能得多少分。Addupthesefigures，andyouwillget100.把這些數(shù)字加起來(lái)，你會(huì)得到100。Writedownyourscoresofallsubjectsandthenaddthemup.記下你所有學(xué)科的得分，然后加起來(lái)。addupto加起來(lái)是……；相當(dāng)于addto 增加，促進(jìn)(在原有基礎(chǔ)上增加)add...to... 把……加到……上addthat... 補(bǔ)充說(shuō)……

Remember：littlestepsadduptobigdreams.記?。盒〉姆e累成就大的夢(mèng)想。Everyfailureonemeetswithaddstoone'sexperience.[諺語(yǔ)]吃一塹，長(zhǎng)一智。Beforeeating，pleaseaddsomesalttothedish.吃之前請(qǐng)向菜里加鹽。【圖形助記】

add短語(yǔ)如何“加”？addup把……加起來(lái)add...to...把……添加到……中addupto總計(jì)為addto增加，增添用add的短語(yǔ)填空①Themusic________________ourenjoymentintheparty.②Thenumberofthestudentsinourclass_______54.③Please________________somesugar________thesoup.④Beforeyoufinishthetotal，please________thesenewfigures.【答案】

①addedto②addsupto③add；to④addup2．upsetadj.心煩意亂的；不安的；不適的vt.(upset，upset)使不安；使心煩；打翻(教材P1)Yourfriendcomestoschoolveryupset.你的朋友心神不定地來(lái)到學(xué)校。I'msorry，Ididn'tmeantoupsetyou.對(duì)不起，我沒(méi)想著要讓你不高興。beupsetabout/over 為/對(duì)……感到煩惱beupsetthat(從句) 為……感到不高興/不安Itupsetssb.that... 讓某人心煩/不高興的是……Itupsethimthatnobodyhadtoldhimaboutit.讓他不高興的是誰(shuí)也沒(méi)有把這件事告訴他。(2014·福建高考·閱讀理解A)Tenysonbecameveryupsetaboutwhathadhappenedtothecouple.Tenyson對(duì)于那對(duì)夫婦身上發(fā)生的事情感到不安。Shewasupsetthathehadleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.他的不辭而別讓她感到不安。根據(jù)下面圖片用upset的適當(dāng)形式填空并寫(xiě)出詞性和詞義Severalflies①________________theboy.Hewasso②________________thathe③________________theglassofwater.【答案】

①upsetvt.使心煩，打擾②upsetadj.心煩意亂的③upsetvt.打翻3．calmvt.&vi.(使)平靜，(使)鎮(zhèn)定adj.平靜的，鎮(zhèn)靜的，沉著的n.平靜，寧?kù)o，鎮(zhèn)靜(教材P1)Youwillignorethebellandgosomewherequiettocalmyourfrienddown.你會(huì)不顧鈴聲而去某個(gè)安靜的地方安慰你的朋友。Thecalmseagavenosignofthestormthatwascoming.平靜的海上沒(méi)有一點(diǎn)跡象顯示暴風(fēng)雨即將來(lái)臨。calm(sb./oneself)down

(使某人/自己)平靜下來(lái)remain/keep/staycalm 保持鎮(zhèn)靜

Itisveryimportanttokeepcalmwhenanearthquakebreaksout.當(dāng)?shù)卣鸢l(fā)生時(shí)，保持鎮(zhèn)靜是很重要的。(2014·安徽高考·閱讀理解B)Lucyandherassistanthidintheircaruntiltheangrybeeshadcalmeddown.Lucy和她的助手一直躲在車?yán)镏钡侥切嵟拿鄯淦届o下來(lái)。Hetookafewdeepbreathstocalmhimselfdown.他深深吸了幾口氣，使自己平靜下來(lái)。calm天氣、水、水面等風(fēng)平浪靜；指人時(shí)表示鎮(zhèn)定自如quiet表“寧?kù)o”“安靜”“寂靜”，側(cè)重沒(méi)有響聲，沒(méi)有噪音和沒(méi)有動(dòng)靜。指人時(shí)側(cè)重性格溫和，文靜silent表“沉默”“不發(fā)言”“不說(shuō)話”，常常表示人不愛(ài)說(shuō)話，沉默無(wú)語(yǔ)still“不動(dòng)的”，指人時(shí)側(cè)重一動(dòng)不動(dòng)；指物時(shí)指完全沒(méi)有聲音，突出靜止不動(dòng)【圖形助記】意境巧記“安靜”四兄弟選詞填空(quiet/still/calm/silent)①Thehighwindpassedandtheseawas________again.②Thishospitalliesina________________street.③Pleasestand________________whileItakeyourpicture.④WhenIaskedherwhereshehadputthedictionary，shekept________________．【答案】

①calm②quiet③still④silent4．concernvt.(使)擔(dān)憂；涉及；關(guān)系到n．擔(dān)心；關(guān)注；(利害)關(guān)系(教材P1)Youwilltellyourfriendthatyouareconcernedabouthim/herandyouwillmeetafterclassandtalkthen.你告訴你的朋友你很關(guān)心他/她，下課后，你們見(jiàn)面再談。Canyoutelluswhatconcernsyoumost?你能告訴我們什么讓你最擔(dān)憂嗎？(2014·陜西高考·信息匹配)Itseffectonenvironmentisamajorconcern.它對(duì)環(huán)境的影響是一個(gè)主要的關(guān)注點(diǎn)。showconcernabout/for... 擔(dān)心/關(guān)心……beconcernedabout/over/for 關(guān)心/擔(dān)心……beconcernedwith... 牽涉到，與……有關(guān)as/sofaras...beconcerned 關(guān)于，至于；就……而言concernoneselfwith/in 從事，參與，干涉Ourteachershowedhisconcernforus.我們的老師表達(dá)了他對(duì)我們的關(guān)心。Weareratherconcernedaboutfather'shealth.我們相當(dāng)擔(dān)心父親的健康。AsfarasI'mconcerned，Idisagreewithhisidea.就我個(gè)人而言，我不同意他的想法。完成句子①那個(gè)護(hù)士對(duì)那個(gè)上了年紀(jì)的病人很關(guān)心。Thenurse________________theoldsickman.②父母自然關(guān)心他們的兒女的安全。Parents________________theirchildren'ssafety.③就我而言，我對(duì)這次考試結(jié)果相當(dāng)滿意。________________，I'mquitesatisfiedwiththeresultoftheexam.④這本書(shū)主要講的是食品安全問(wèn)題。Thebookismainly________________．【答案】

①showedgreatconcernfor②areconcernedabout③AsfarasI'mconcerned④concernedwithfoodsafety5．(教材P1)While

walking

the

dog，youwerecarelessanditgotlooseandwashitbyacar.遛狗時(shí)，你不小心把狗松開(kāi)了，它被汽車撞了?！揪涫椒治觥?/p>

本句中Whilewalkingthedog是省略句，其完整形式為Whileyouwerewalkingthedog，while后面省略了主語(yǔ)you和be動(dòng)詞were。Don'ttalkwhile(youare)eating.吃飯的時(shí)候不要說(shuō)話。當(dāng)when，while，unless，asif等引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，如果從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致或從句主語(yǔ)是it，且從句謂語(yǔ)中含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可以省略從句中的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞，構(gòu)成省略句句式。

Whenaskedwhereshewasfrom，thelittlegirlwasonlycrying，sayingnothing.當(dāng)被問(wèn)到她是哪里人時(shí)，這個(gè)小女孩只是哭，什么也不說(shuō)。When(shewas)walkinginthestreet，sheheardofsomethingabouttheMayans.她在街上走時(shí)，聽(tīng)說(shuō)了關(guān)于瑪雅人的一些事情?！久麕燑c(diǎn)津】

①在此類省略句中，從句的主語(yǔ)必須和主句的主語(yǔ)相同，否則就不能用省略形式。②當(dāng)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與主句的主語(yǔ)之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，用現(xiàn)在分詞；當(dāng)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與主句主語(yǔ)之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，用過(guò)去分詞。將下列句子改為省略句①Whenhewasridingabicycle，hefelldowntotheground.→When________________________，hefelldowntotheground.②Whileyouarecrossingthestreet，watchoutforthepassingcars.→While________________________，watchoutforthepassingcars.③Hewon'tcomeunlessheisinvited.→Hewon'tcomeunless________．④Thoughhewasdisappointedathisson，hestillencouragedhim.→Though________athisson，hestillencouragedhim.【答案】

①ridingabicycle②crossingthestreet③invited④disappointed6．gothrough經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受；完成；仔細(xì)檢查；審查；用完；花完；用掉；穿越；(法案等)通過(guò)(教材P2)Orareyouafraidthatyourfriendwouldlaughatyou，orwouldnotunderstandwhatyouaregoingthrough?或者你是不是擔(dān)心你的朋友會(huì)嘲笑你，會(huì)不理解你目前的困境呢？Goingthroughthelistofcustomersisahardjob.查閱客戶名單是個(gè)費(fèi)勁的活兒。Howlongwillittaketogothroughthebook?讀完這本書(shū)要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？goahead走在前面；發(fā)生，進(jìn)行；開(kāi)始做goby 逝去，過(guò)去；遵循godown倒下，落下；下沉；下跌，下降goover 仔細(xì)研究(或?qū)彶?、查?；仔細(xì)琢磨；復(fù)習(xí)Beforedoingyourexercises，youshouldgooverthetext.做作業(yè)前，你應(yīng)該將課文復(fù)習(xí)一遍。Astimegoesby,mymemoryseemstogetworse.隨著時(shí)間的流逝，我的記憶力似乎越來(lái)越差。Wedecidedtogoaheadanyway.我們決定無(wú)論如何要干下去。介、副詞填空①(2014·重慶高考·閱讀理解A)Obviously，thatwassomethingsheshouldnotgo________alone.②—CouldIuseyourpen?—Go________，please.③Everyeveningshehastogo________whatshehaslearnedatschool.④Itgoes________naturetokillallthewolves.⑤Apolicecarwent________usatfullspeed.【答案】

①through②ahead③over④against⑤by7．(教材P2)Sheandherfamilyhidawayfornearlytwenty－fivemonthsbeforetheywerediscovered.她和她的家人躲藏了將近二十五個(gè)月才被發(fā)現(xiàn)?！揪涫椒治觥?/p>

此句為主從復(fù)合句；before在句中引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。Thefirelastedaboutfourhoursbeforethefirefighterscouldcontrolit.大火持續(xù)了大約四個(gè)小時(shí)后，消防人員才控制住火勢(shì)。before既可作介詞或副詞用，也可作從屬連詞用。before的意義及用法如下：①表示“在……之前就……”②表示“過(guò)了多久后才……，動(dòng)作進(jìn)行到什么程度才……”③表示“來(lái)不及；尚未……就……”④表示“不知不覺(jué)就……；還沒(méi)弄清就……”⑤用于句型“itwas＋時(shí)間段＋before...”表示“過(guò)了多久才……”⑥用于句型“itwasnotlongbefore...”意為“不久就……”⑦用于句型“itwillbe/notbe＋時(shí)間段＋before...”表示“要過(guò)多久/不久……才……”

Itwassometimebeforethedooropened.一會(huì)兒之后門才打開(kāi)。(2014·廣東高考·語(yǔ)法填空)Beforewewent，wehadplannedformonths.在我們?nèi)ブ?，我們已?jīng)計(jì)劃了好幾個(gè)月了。BeforeIcouldgetinaword，hehadmeasuredme.我還沒(méi)來(lái)得及插話他就為我量好了尺寸。翻譯句子①Wehadn'trunamilebeforehefelttired._____________________________________________②Itwillbefiveyearsbeforehisunclecomesback._____________________________________________③Theyarethinkingofbuyingthehousebeforethepricesgoup._____________________________________________【答案】

①我們跑了還不到一英里他就累了。②他叔叔五年后才能回來(lái)。③他們正在考慮趁房?jī)r(jià)未漲之前把房子買下來(lái)。8．setdown記下；放下；登記；讓……下車(教材P2)Idon'twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiaryasmostpeopledo，butIwantthisdiaryitselftobemyfriend，andIshallcallmyfriendKitty.我不愿像大多數(shù)人那樣在日記中記流水賬。我要把這本日記當(dāng)作我的朋友，我要把我的這個(gè)朋友稱作基蒂。Hesetdowntheheavyboxandrestedforawhile.他放下沉重的箱子歇了一會(huì)兒。Thebusstoppedtosetdownanoldlady.公共汽車停下來(lái)讓一個(gè)老太太下車。setup 建立；創(chuàng)立；開(kāi)辦setoff 動(dòng)身；使爆炸setabout 開(kāi)始/著手做某事setout 出發(fā)，開(kāi)始setaside 擱置，把……放在一起HesetaboutlearningChineseatageten.他十歲時(shí)開(kāi)始學(xué)中文。Thechildrensetoffforschool.孩子們上學(xué)去了。Hesetasidealittlemoneyeachweek.他每周都留出一些錢備用。(2014·陜西高考·閱讀理解B)Myfatherthensetouttosellthebook.然后我的父親開(kāi)始賣那本書(shū)。用set的短語(yǔ)完成句子①他們開(kāi)始進(jìn)行春播準(zhǔn)備工作。They________________makingpreparationsforspringsowing.②警察記下了老人說(shuō)的話。Thepoliceman________________whattheoldmansaid.③引擎中的火花引起一連串的爆炸。Thefireintheengine________________aseriesofexplosions.④建立了一座紀(jì)念碑紀(jì)念曼德拉總統(tǒng)。Amonumentwas________________inmemoryofPresidentMandela.⑤我們上午十點(diǎn)半出發(fā)去西山。We________________fortheWesternHillsat10：30a．m.

【答案】

①setabout②setdown③setoff④setup⑤setout/off9．(教材P2)Iwonderifit's

becauseIhaven'tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI'vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.我不知道這是不是因?yàn)槲议L(zhǎng)久無(wú)法出門的緣故，我變得對(duì)一切與大自然有關(guān)的事物都無(wú)比狂熱。

【句式分析】【要點(diǎn)提煉】

it's...that...為強(qiáng)調(diào)句。ItwasonMondaynightthatallthishappened.所有這一切發(fā)生在周一晚上。①?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)句的句式結(jié)構(gòu)為：Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that＋句子剩余部分。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為人時(shí)，可用who來(lái)代替that。②一般疑問(wèn)式：Is/Wasit＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他？③特殊疑問(wèn)式：特殊疑問(wèn)詞＋is/wasitthat＋其他？

Itwasmyfatherwhodidtheexperimentinthelabyesterdayevening.(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ))昨天晚上在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里做實(shí)驗(yàn)的是我父親。Itwastheexperimentthatmyfatherdidinthelabyesterdayevening.(強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ))昨天晚上在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里我父親是在做實(shí)驗(yàn)。Itwasyesterdayeveningthatmyfatherdidtheexperimentinthelab.(強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))我父親是昨天晚上在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里做的實(shí)驗(yàn)。Itwasinthelabthatmyfatherdidtheexperimentyesterdayevening.(強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))昨天晚上我父親是在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里做的實(shí)驗(yàn)。【名師點(diǎn)津】巧辨強(qiáng)調(diào)句①一般說(shuō)來(lái)，如果把句子中的“Itis/was...that/who”去掉，稍加調(diào)整語(yǔ)序，能還原成完整句子，且句子意思依然完整，則為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。否則，不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。②強(qiáng)調(diào)句型用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)等成分，不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)。③that不能省略。只有被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人時(shí)才可用who，其他情況一律用that。強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，that后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。語(yǔ)法填空①________washisoldhousethathisfathersoldtoaneighbor.②ItisIwho________wrong.③ItwasinWuhan________wewenttoseehimlastweek.【答案】

①It②am③that10．inorderto為了……(教材P2)Forexample，oneeveningwhenitwassowarm，Istayedawakeonpurposeuntilhalfpasteleveninordertohaveagoodlookatthemoonbymyself.比如，有天晚上天氣很暖和，我熬到11點(diǎn)半故意不睡覺(jué)，為的是獨(dú)自好好看看月亮。(2014·湖南高考·閱讀填空)Inordertochangethis，somemistakesshouldbeavoided.為了改變這個(gè)，一些錯(cuò)誤應(yīng)該被避開(kāi)。①inorderto“為了……”，表目的，后接動(dòng)詞原形，可位于句首或句中，意同soasto，但后者不能位于句首。其否定形式為：inordernotto/soasnotto。②inorderthat相當(dāng)于sothat，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，句中常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can，may，could等。

Sheworksveryhardsoastocatchupwiththeothers.為了趕上別人，她學(xué)習(xí)非常努力。(soasto可換為inorderto)Inordertosupporthisfamily，heworkshard.為了養(yǎng)家糊口，他工作很賣力。(inorderto不可換為soasto)Theimportantthingistolearntocontrolyourtempersothatyoumaynotdoorsayanythingyou'llregret.重要的是學(xué)會(huì)控制你的脾氣，這樣你才不會(huì)做或說(shuō)讓自己后悔的事。Heleftearlyinorderthathewouldarriveontime.他早早動(dòng)身以便按時(shí)到達(dá)。用i