高三課件必修一U3

Unit3Traveljournal晨讀狂背類型：記敘事件經(jīng)過或過程典例：參觀清華大學(日記或游記)模板：[總述]TodaywevisitedQinghuaUniversity.[過程]

EarlyinthemorningwearrivedatthegateofTsinghuaUniversity,wherewewerewarmlywelcomedbyanoldprofessor,who

thenshowedusaroundthecampus.

Inthelibrary,wesawsomeuniversitystudentsreadingattentivelyinthereadingrooms.Afterthat,wecametothelabbuilding.Attheendofthevisit,theoldprofessorgaveusalectureonscienceintheafternoon,whichinterestedusverymuch.Timepassedsoquicklythatbeforeweknewit,itwastimethatwehadtosaygoodbyetotheprofessor.[結果]Sincethen,IhaveworkedharderatmylessonsthanusualandmadeupmymindtobeastudentofQinghuaUniversity.詞匯過關1.__________

n.日記;雜志;定期刊物2.__________

n.廟宇;寺廟3.__________

n.洞穴;地窖4.__________

n.枕頭;枕墊5.__________n.小包;包裹一、單詞拼寫journaltemplecavepillowparcel6.__________n.態(tài)度;看法7.__________n.海拔高度;高處8.__________n.旅行;旅程9.__________vi.(指液體)沸騰;(水)開10._________vi.騎自行車attitudealtitude

journey

boil

cycle11._________adj.頑固的;固執(zhí)的12._________

adv.最后;終于13._________

n.時間表;進度表vt.為某事安排時間schedule

stubbornfinally14._______

n.彎；拐角vt.(bent,bent)使彎曲vi.彎身；彎腰15._______

n.風景；視野；觀點；見解vt.觀看；注視；考慮viewbend(B)單詞運用：根據(jù)句意從上述單詞中選擇一個恰當?shù)膯卧~填入空格。The_______wasfullofdevoteeswantingtopraytothegod.1.由后面的god可知是temple。

2.Doweneedto______thewaterbeforedrinking?2.根據(jù)其后的賓語可以推出。boiltemple3.Grantistoo_________toacceptmyadvice.從其后的不定式可知。

4.Aftershewokeup,therewerealwaystearsonthe_________.根據(jù)前面的wokeup。

5.ThethirdworryoverMrSarkozyishis________towardspublicfinances.從句意,尤其是其后的介詞短語可得。

attitudestubbornpillow(A)單詞派生寫出下列單詞與其派生詞。

____________n.有利條件;優(yōu)點

____________n.不利條件;不便之處二、單詞拓展

disadvantageadvantage點撥：某些名詞前加dis-變?yōu)榉戳x詞。如:ability→disability;order→disorder;honesty→dishonesty等。2.____________vi.畢業(yè)n.大學畢業(yè)生____________n.畢業(yè)graduationgraduate點撥：很多t(te)結尾的動詞后加-ion變?yōu)槊~。如：educate→education;edit→edition;exhibit→exhibition;invent→invention;expect→expectation。3.______________n.運送;運輸vt.運送;運輸_________________n.運送;運輸transportation

transport4.___________vt.確保,保證;給……保險___________n.保險4.點撥：某些動詞后加-ance變?yōu)槊~。如：perform→performance;assist→assistanceallow→allowance;appear→appearance等。insurance

insure5.____________v.決心;決定____________adj.堅決的;有決心的_____________n.決心determination

determinedetermined6.___________vt.說服;勸說___________n.說服;勸說___________adj.有說服力的;勸說的persuasivepersuadepersuasion點撥：某些動詞后加-t(s)ion變?yōu)槊~，加-ive變?yōu)樾稳菰~。如：decide→decision→decisive;attract→attraction→attractive;relate→relation→relative;act→action→active。7.____________vt.組織;成立____________n.組織點撥：某些以se/ze結尾的動詞變名詞是去e再加-ation。類例：realize→realization;modern→modernization;civilize→anization

organize8.____________n.信賴;依靠____________v.信賴;依靠____________adj.可信賴的;可靠的reliancerelyreliable(B)靈活運用：

Thelackofdecentpublictransportisagreat____________(advantage).根據(jù)主語的詞義可以推出。2.DoyouknowhowmuchpercentageofChinesestudentscomebackfromabroadafter___________(graduate)?

2.介詞后接名詞。

disadvantagegraduation3.TheWorldHealth___________(organize)sayshalfofthemwilldieiftheyarenottreated.3.構成專有名詞。4.Thesalesmanhasa___________(persuade)wayoftalking.4.形容詞詞作定語。

Organizationpersuasive5.Ihavegreat______________(determine)tomasterEnglish!6.Iwillhaveitpaidbythe___________(insure)company.7.Practiceistheonly________(rely)testoftheory.determinationinsurancereliable名詞作賓語名詞作定語,表性質(zhì)形容詞詞作定語_____________在午夜2._____________喜愛;喜歡3._____________關心;憂慮;惦念4.__________________改變主意三、短語翻譯atmidnightbefondofcareaboutchangeone’smind5.__________________下決心;決定6.________________投降;屈服;讓步7.________________照常8.________________從那以后eversincemakeupone’smindgiveinasusual四、短語運用王宏很關心他的小狗。WangHongcares

much

abouthispuppy.2.他很喜歡它。2.Heisveryfondofit.

3.這天,他像往常一樣在午夜起床了。3.Thatday,hegotupatmidnightasusual.

4.他下決心給狗狗洗個澡。4.Hemadeuphismindtogivehispuppyabath.

5.但狗狗并不屈服。5.Butitdidn’tgivein.6.他只好改變了主意。6.Hehadtochangehismind.

7.從那以后,他再不強迫狗狗洗澡了。7.Eversincethen,hehasn’tforcedhispuppytotakeabath.

合并：WangHongcares

muchabouthispuppyandisfondofit.Thatday,hegotupatmidnightasusual.Hemadeuphismind

togivehispuppyabath,butitdidn’tgivein.Hehadtochangehismind.Eversincethen,hehasn’tforcedhispuppytotakeabath.五、詞匯用法1.Twoyearsagosheboughtanexpensivemountainbikeandthenshepersuadedmetobuyone.兩年前她買了一輛昂貴的山地車,然后說服我也買了一輛。(B1P18)persuadesb.todo說服/勸服某人去做odoing說服/勸服某人去做persuadesb.outofdoing說服/勸服某人不做注意：勸而不服則要用advisesb.todosth.或者trytopersuadesb.todosth.。2.WangWeirodeinfrontofmeasusual.像往常一樣,王威騎在我前面。(B1P22)運用:(1)昨天早上,他像往常一樣去了辦公室Yesterdaymorning,_____________________________.⑵像平常一樣,他遲到了。Hewaslate，________.asusualhewenttotheofficeasusual運用:⑴我們勸李老師戒煙,他不再抽煙啦!_________________________________,andheneversmokedanylonger.⑵我們勸王老師戒煙,可他不聽。__________________________________________________________________________,buthedidn’t.WeadvisedMr.Wangtostopsmoking/WetriedtopersuadeMr.WangtostopsmokingWepersuadedMr.Litostopsmoking3.Finally,Ihadtogivein.最后我只好讓步了。(B1P18)giveup停止/放棄做某事giveout用完;用盡;分發(fā);分布giveaway捐贈;暴露;泄露giveoff發(fā)散(氣味);發(fā)出(光)giveback交還運用:⑴Hegave____toherrequest.⑵Ifyougive_____smoking,youwillsavealotofmoneyeveryyear.⑶Hisaccentgavehim______.SoIknewhewasfromUSA.awayinup⑷Ourteachergave_____tothepolicestationwhathepickedupfromtheground.⑸Hismoneysoongave_____becauseheboughtalotofthings.outback4.Mysisterdoesn’tcareaboutdetails.我姐姐不在乎細節(jié)。(B1P18)careabout(tobeworriedabout/concernedwith)憂慮;擔心;惦念carefor(=like，love)喜歡takecareof(=lookafter)照料;照顧takecare小心;提防運用:⑴Theonlythinghecares_________ismoney.⑵Idon’treallycare____redwine.⑶Whowilltakecare____yourbabyifyouareout?about/for

for

of5.Shegavemeadeterminedlook—thekindthatsaidshewouldnotchangehermind.她給了我一個堅定的眼神—表明她是不會改變主意的。(B1P18)changeone’smind改變注意makeupone’smind下決心;決定運用：請根據(jù)句意選用上述短語填空。⑴He_____________________gotouniversityaftergraduationfromhighschool.⑵Heisverystubbornanditisnoteasyto______________.changehismindhasmadeuphismindto6.Eversincemiddleschool,mysisterWangWeiandIhavedreamedabouttakingagreatbiketrip.從讀中學起,我和我姐姐王威就向往騎自行車旅行。(B1P18)提醒:eversince(=sincethen)可單獨用在句末,也可接從句（從句用一般過去時,主句用現(xiàn)在完成(進行)時）。運用：用所給詞的適當形式填空。⑴Sheleftschoolthreeyearsagoand___________(work)asanurseeversince.⑵Shehasbeenworryingeversincetheletter_______(arrive).arrivedhasworked7.Anattitudeiswhatapersonthinksaboutsomething.態(tài)度是一個人對某件事情的看法。(B1P19)運用：我的英語老師改變了對我的態(tài)度。MyEnglishteacher__________________________________me.attitudeto/towards...對……的態(tài)度haschangedhisattitudeto/towards8.SheisveryreliableandIknewIdidn’tneedtoencourageher.她值得信賴,我知道不用我鼓勵她。(B1P22)運用:(1)Ifoundthistobea________(rely)brandofwashingmachines.(2)Thevillagershererely___wellsfortheirwater.onreliable句型積累一、美句誦寫1.ItwasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheentireMekongRiverfromwhereitbeginstowhereitends.是我姐姐首先想到要沿著湄公河源頭到終點進行騎自行車旅行的。(B1P18)句型:Itis+被強調(diào)部分+that/who+句子剩余部分說明：⑴此句型用于強調(diào)句子的主語、賓語、狀語,不能強調(diào)謂語；⑵與一般時有關時it后用is,與過去時有關時it后用was；⑶無論強調(diào)什么成分都用that,強調(diào)人時還可用who；⑷強調(diào)主語時謂語動詞的數(shù)要與之一致；⑸強調(diào)not...until結構時需把not提到until前。

仿寫⑴昨天我在街上碰見的就是他。Itwas_________________________________________.⑵昨天在街上碰見他的是我。Itwas____________________________________________.

Ithat/whomethiminthestreetyesterday.

himthat/whomImetinthestreetyesterday⑶我昨天碰見他是在街上。Itwas_____________________________.⑷是昨天我在街上碰見他。Itwas_____________________________.

yesterdaythatImethiminthestreetinthestreetthatImethimyesterday2.Althoughshedidn’tknowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces,sheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly.盡管她對去某些地方的最佳路線并不清楚,她還是堅持要把這次行程安排得盡善盡美。(B1P18)句型：insistthat...(should)do...堅持……說明：insist表示堅持要某人做某事時,賓語從句要用should加動詞原形,其中的should可以省略。

仿寫:⑴我堅持要他學習彈鋼琴而不要彈吉它。Iinsistedthathe____________toplaythepianoinsteadofguitar.⑵醫(yī)生堅持這個病人得馬上做手術。Thedoctorinsistedthatthepatient_____________________atonce.(should)beoperatedon

(should)learn⑶他堅持要我接受他的邀請。_______________________hisinvitation.HeinsistedthatIaccept3.WhenItoldhertheairwouldbehardtobreatheanditwouldbeverycold，shesaiditwouldbeaninterestingexperience.當我告訴她那兒空氣稀薄,呼吸困難,而且天氣很冷時,她卻說那將是一次有趣的體驗。(B1P18)句型：sth.+be+adj.+todo說明：此句型中,不定式與主語是動賓關系,但不定式卻用主動形式表被動意義。仿寫:⑴經(jīng)檢測,這井里的水不適合飲用。Havingbeentested,thewaterinthiswell__________________.⑵湖上的冰太薄了,不適合滑冰。Theiceonthelakeis__________________.⑶經(jīng)過幾天的相處,我發(fā)現(xiàn)他很容易相處。Afterdaysofstayingwithhim,Ifindhim_____________________.easytogetalongwithisnotfittodrinktoothintoskateon三、語篇運用我堅持要張琳去我家吃飯,因為是張琳幫我打掃教室的。整整一個假期沒打掃的教室很不好掃。I

insistthatZhangLingotomyhometohaveadinner,becauseitwashewhohelpedmecleantheclassroom.Itisnoteasytoclean

theclassroomthathadnotbeencleanedforawholeholiday.課文回顧FromtheatlaswecouldseethattheMekongRiverbegins1____aglacieronaTibetanmountain.Atfirsttheriverissmallandthewaterisclearandcold.Thenitbeginstomove2________(quick).1.表示“在冰川中”。2.修飾動詞作狀語,用副詞。inquickly一、課文填空Itbecomesrapids3___itpassesthroughdeepvalleys,4________(travel)acrosswesternYunnanProvince.3.引導時間狀語從句,表示“當；隨著”。4.作伴隨狀語,主語it與travel是主動關系，用現(xiàn)在分詞。

as

travelingSometimestheriverbecomes5___waterfallandenterswidevalleys.Wewereboth6_________(surprise)tolearnthathalfoftheriverisinChina.5.在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，表示類別。6.指人“感到驚訝”。asurprisedAfteritleavesChinaandhighaltitude，theMekongRiver7_________(become)wide，brownandwarm.AsitentersSoutheastAsia,8____paceslows.7.連系動詞,用單數(shù)。8.承前句可知,指“它的”。becomesitsItmakeswidebendsormeanders9_______lowvalleystotheplains10_______ricegrows.Atlast，theriverenterstheSouthChinaSea.9.指“穿過”低谷。10.引導定語從句,并在從句中作地點狀語。throughwhere二、課文概括Aftergraduation,WangWeiandWangKunrealizedtheirdreamsbycyclingdowntheMekongRiver.Beforestarting,theyhadfoundanatlastoknowmoreaboutitandmadeadetailedschedule.語法活用表示“兩者”“多者”的代詞熟讀深思熟讀下列句子,仔細體會劃線代詞的用法，然后將這些代詞分別填入“歸納總結”中的空格里。1.Ifyoucan’tdecidewhichofthetwobookstoborrow,whydon’tyoutakeboth?Iwon’treadthemthisweek.如果你不能決定這兩本書借哪一本好,為何不兩本都拿去？我本周不看。2.IinvitedJoeandLindatodinner，butneitherofthemcame.我邀Joe和Linda來吃飯,但他們兩個都沒來。3.There’scoffeeandtea;youcanhaveeither.這里有咖啡和茶,你可以任選一種。5.Wehadthreesetsofgardentoolsandweseemedtohavenouseforany.我們曾有三套園林工具,但似乎任何一套也派不上用場。6.Ofallthebooksonthedesk,noneisofanyuseforourstudy.桌上的所有書中,沒有一本對我們的學習有用。1.完成表格歸納總結都都不任一兩者both⑵_______⑷_____多者⑴_____⑶_______⑸_____all

neither

noneeitherany2.表示否定可說not...either/any,但沒有either/any...not的說法。3.none可指人或物,none既可指前面的復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,也可指不可數(shù)名詞。none一般要接表示范圍的of短語;noone只能指人(=nobody),不能接of短語。4.both/all與not連用表示部分否定,意為“并非都”。一、單句填空用all，any，none，both，either，neither填空，并說明其理由。1.Hehadlosthistemperandhishealthinthewarandneverfound_____ofthemagain.靈活運用1.指前面提到的histemper和hishealth這“兩者中的任何一個”都找不回了。either2.—Wow!You’vegotsomanyclothes.—But_____ofthemareinfashionnow.2.由于somanyclothes可知是指“多者”，由but可知,指多者中“一個也不”,故填none。none3.Janewasaskedalotofquestions,butshedidn’tanswer_____ofthem.3.根據(jù)but可知,空格處是指alotofquestions中的“任何一個”,故填any。not...any相當于none。4.___that’simportantisthatyouaredoingyourbestandmovingintherightdirection.

4.因allthatisimportant相當于whatisimportant,意為“真正重要的”。Allany5.ToknowmoreabouttheBritishMuseum,youcanusetheInternetorgotothelibrary,or_____.

5.指usetheInternet和gotothelibrary“兩者都”可以。6.ItwashardforhimtolearnEnglishinafamily,inwhich______oftheparentsspokethelanguage.

6.由于parents指兩者,又由hardforhim可知表示否定,故用neither。bothneither7.—Whichofthetwocomputergamesdidyouprefer?—ActuallyIdidn’tlike_____ofthem.7.表示兩個電腦游戲中“任何一個”，我都不喜歡。Idon’tlikeeitherofthem.=Ilikeneitherofthem.either8.—Howdoyoufindyournewclassmates?—Mostofthemarekind.But_____issogoodtomeasBruce.8.由but可知,空格處應填一個表否定意義的代詞;在“新同學”這個范圍內(nèi)“沒有一個”,用none。none9.Theywere____tired,butnoneofthemwouldstoptotakearest.9.由noneofthem可知指三個以上;由But可知,三個人“都”累了;多者的“都”用all。10.—I’dlikesomemorecheese.—Sorry,there’s_____left.10.由sorry可知,沒有cheese剩下了,故填none。allnoneMyfriend,EmmaDanicls,spentthesummerof1974travelinginIsrael.DuringhermonthlongstayinJerusalemsheoftenwenttoacafé1_____(call)chocolatesoup.1.過去分詞作定語,相當于whichiscalled。語篇填空calledOnemorningwhenEmmawentin2____coffee,whilechattingwithhernewfriendAlex,shementionedthatshehadjustfinishedthebookshe3___________________(read)andhadnothingelsetoread.2.表示目的,相當于tohave。3.表示最近的過去一段時間里正在做的事。hadbeenreadingforAlexsaidhehadawonderfulbookshemightlike,and4_____he’dbehappytolendittoher.Ashelivedjust5______thecafé,he6_______(quick)ranuptogetit,andhandedittoEmmajustminuteslater.4.引導第二個賓語從句。5.介詞,表示在這咖啡廳的上面。6.修飾謂語動詞ran,作狀語。thatabovequicklyWhensheopeneditup,shewassurprisedtosee7____ownnameandaddressinsidethecover,inherownhandwriting.Itturnedoutthatthesummerbefore,inMontreal,EmmahadmetaCalifornian.7.由surprised和下文可知,是看到“她自己的”名字和地址;另外,own總是與形容詞性物主代詞連用,并位于其后。her8_____decidedtoexchangeaddresses,9___neitherofthemhadanypaper.ThemanopenedupabookhewascarryinginhisbackpackandaskedEmmatowritehernameandaddressinside.8.作主語,根據(jù)語法填空題的考點可知,要填代詞;由前文內(nèi)容和后文的them可知,用they指代Emma和theCalifornian兩個人。9但是艾瑪和那個人都沒有帶紙。TheybutWhenhereturnedtoCalifornia,heleftthebookbehindinMontreal,andhisfriendAlexkept10__.WhenAlexlatermovedtoJerusalem,hetookthebookalong.10.指代前面的thebook。it走近高考技巧點撥解答完形的兩大策略完形填空主要考查考生對語篇意義的理解,對上下文意義關系的把握。因此，解答完形填空題時,要從超出句子層面的語篇意義入手,注意上下文的邏輯關系。一、完形填空一個語篇一定是圍繞某個話題進行的,同一話題就會有一些相關聯(lián)的詞語共同出現(xiàn)。如一篇談學校生活的文章,有可能共同出現(xiàn)的單詞有teacher,classmate,student,classroom,library,laboratory,computer,score,maths,physics,study,desk,chair,holiday等,這種詞匯共同出現(xiàn)的傾向性,就叫同現(xiàn)。同現(xiàn)關系包括反義關系和互補關系等。作者為了闡述或強調(diào)某一概念，會將某一個單詞的同義詞、近義詞、上義詞、下義詞、同源詞等在文章中重復出現(xiàn),這種現(xiàn)象叫復現(xiàn)。如以下這篇完形填空的文章是講朋友之間有分歧時如何修復重歸于好的,反復出現(xiàn)friends這個單詞,這叫同詞復現(xiàn);表示“分歧”,文章中用了differences和disagreements,表示“關系”用了relationships和connections,這叫近義復現(xiàn)；friend與friendship叫同源復現(xiàn)。

解答完形填空時,在理解全文大意的基礎上,利用同現(xiàn)和復現(xiàn),有助于快速準確地選出正確選項。真題演練(2009江西)PeterandPaulhadapermissionfromtheirparentstocampinafieldclosetotheirfarm.But,beingadventurousboys,theyknewitwouldbemore1tocampinthewoodsthatlaybeyondtheriver.1.A.surprising B.excitingC.annoying D.frightening1.B根據(jù)下句中的excitedly可知。Excitedly,theboys2withtheirtentandfood.Carryingtheirheavy3,thetwobrotherswalkedalongtheriverbank,hardlynoticingthedistanceorthesunbeatingdown.2.A.wentround B.wentback

C.wentaway D.wentthough3.A.loadB.tornC.foodD.storage2.C只有goaway有“出發(fā)”之意。3.A根據(jù)上一段的tentandfood可知選load,這里是指所帶的tent與food等物品,概括了選項B和C。Theywereeagertoreachtheir4beforelunchtime.Astheyenteredthecool,shadowywoods,theybegantosearchforasuitablecampingspot.4.A.grassland B.destinationC.field D.river4.Breachtheirdestination到達了目的地Peterwantedto5closetotheriverattheedgeofthewoods,butPaul,whowasolder,insistedthattheycampfurtheraway.

5.A.live B.lieC.wait D.stay5.Dstaycloseto靠近而居,相比stay短暫居住而言,live是指長久的生活是不大可能的。6Peterfollowedhisbrotherdeeperintothe7.“Thisreallyisawonderfulsetting!”saidPaulinexcitement.6.A.Unconsciously B.UnfortunatelyC.Unwillingly D.Uninterestingly7.A.woodsB.farmC.settingD.camp6.C從上句but可知,弟弟Peter是想住在河邊,但哥哥Paul并不同意,所以只好unwillingly“不情愿”地跟在后面。7.A從前面的一句woods可知。They8thetent,andsettleddowntoeatthesandwichestheyhadmade,thendecidedtofindtheirwaybacktothe9tocatchsomefish.“Areyousurethatthisistheright10?”8.A.putoff B.putonC.putdown D.putup9.A.riverB.hillC.seaD.pond10.A.placeB.markC.wayD.timewhisperedPetershakily.“I’msurewepassedthathollowtreejustawhileago.”Paulwalkedonsilently.“Look,thereitisagain.We’relost,aren’twe?”complainedPeter.Paulhadtoadmitthathedidn’tknowwheretheywere.Afterall,theywerealongdistancefromwheretheywere11tobe.11.A.discovered B.encouragedC.persuaded D.supposed11.Dbesupposedto“應該，理應”。Theywerenoteven12ofwheretheyhadsetuptheircamp.Theysetin13forafewminutesuntilPeterhadabrightidea.“Whydon’twelookforclues(線索)thewaytrackers14inthemovies?12.A.afraid B.SureC.informed D.reminded13.A.enjoyment B.satisfactionC.disappointment D.imagination14.A.appearB.doC.workD.behaveWeweren’tcarefulabouthowwewalked,soI’msurewewouldhaveleftbehindsomebrokentreebranchesandleaves.”Carefully,theboys15themarksthattheyhadleft,untilfinallytheyfoundtheircampsite.15.A.fetched B.watchedC.followed D.collected15.C順著他們留下的痕跡走。follow“跟隨”。Hurriedly,theypackedtheirbelongingsandsetoffinthedirectionoftheriver.Whatwouldtheirparentsthinkoftheiradventure?[助讀詞匯]permission允許adventurous愛冒險的shadowy有陰影的hollow空心的complain抱怨trackers追蹤者shakily搖動著belongings財產(chǎn)

技巧點撥猜測詞語意義這類考題包括對生詞生義的推測、熟詞生義的推測。解答這類試題最重要的方法是理解含生詞部分的上下文來推測其意思。另外,注意以下小技巧：(1)根據(jù)接近或遞進關系:由and或or等來確定生詞的義域,推知它的大致意義。閱讀理解(2)根據(jù)選擇或相對關系：對比or(要么,或者)前面和后面的句子或詞語,來猜測生詞的含義。(3)根據(jù)同位或解釋關系：通過生詞后的定語、表語、同位語、逗號、括號、破折號等的解釋說明來推測其意思。(4)根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P系:由上下句之間的轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P系來推測詞義。表示轉(zhuǎn)折的詞有but,however,otherwise,though等,表示對比關系的標志性詞語有unlike,while,ontheotherhand,inspiteof,incontrast等;另外,有時分號也可以表示轉(zhuǎn)折、對比關系。(5)根據(jù)因果關系：根據(jù)前后的因果關系來推斷其中的某個生詞或短語的意思。既可由因推果;也可由果推因。表示因果關系的有because,sothat,so/such...that...等。(6)根據(jù)列舉的實例：根據(jù)suchas,forexample等后列舉的實例也可推測出前面某個詞語的意思。注意:考題中若是需要推測意思的是熟詞,我們必須通過上下文得出其在特定場合下的特殊意思,那些常規(guī)含義的選項不會是要選擇的正確答案。(A)(2010全國)Thereweresmilingchildrenalltheway.Clearlytheyknewatwhattimethetrainpassedtheirhomesandtheymadeittheirbusinesstostandalongtherailway，wavetocompletestrangersandcheerthemupastheyrushedtowardsPenang.真題演練Oftenwholefamiliesstoodoutsidetheirhomesandwavedandsmiledasifthoseonthetrainsweretheirfavoriterelatives.ThisisthesimplevillagepeopleofMalaysia.Iwasmoved.IhadalwaystraveledtoMalaysiabyplaneorcar,sothiswasthefirsttimeIwasonatrain.Ididnotparticularlyrelishthelongtrainjourneyandhadbroughtalongadozenmagazinestoreadandreread.Ilookedaboutthetrain.Therewasnotonefamiliarface.IsighedandsatdowntoreadmyEconomics.ItwasnotlongbeforethetrainwasacrosstheCausewayandinMalaysia.JohoreBaruwasjustanothercitylikeSingapore,soIwastiredoflookingatthecrowdsofpeopleastheyhurriedpast.Aswewentbeyondthecity,Iwatchedthestraightrowsofrubbertreesandmilesandmilesofgreen.Thenthefirstvillagecameintosight.ImmediatelyIcamealive;Idecidedtowaveback.Fromthenonmyjourneybecameinteresting.IthrewmymagazinesintothewastebasketanddecidedtojoininMalaysianlife.Theneverythingcamealive.Themountainsseemedtospeaktome.Eventhetreesweresmiling.IstaredateverythingasifIwaslookingatitforthefirsttime.ThedaypassedfastandIevenforgottohavemylunchuntilIfelthungry.Ilookedatmywatchandwassurprisedthatitwas3:00pm.SoonthetrainpulledupatButterworth.Ilookedatthepeopleallaroundme.Theyalllookedbeautiful.Whenmyunclearrivedwithasmile,Ithrewmyarmsaroundhimtogivehimawarmhug(擁抱).Ihadneverdonethisbefore.Heseemedsurprisedandthenhisweatherbeatenfacewarmedupwithahugesmile.Wewalkedarminarmtohiscar.Ilookedforwardtothereturnjourney.1.Theauthorexpectedthetraintriptobe___.A.adventurous B.pleasantC.exciting D.dull1.D推理判斷題。文章第二段告訴讀者,作者帶了很多雜志來打發(fā)時間,這表明作者此時很無聊。2.Whatdidtheauthorremembermostfondlyofhertraintrip?A.Thefriendlycountrypeople.B.Themountainsalongtheway.C.Thecrowdsofpeopleinthestreets.D.Thesimplelunchservedonthetrain.2.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段對馬來西亞當?shù)卮迕駸崆榇緲闩e動的描寫可知,給作者留下印象最深的就是當?shù)卮迕瘛?.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbesttaketheplaceoftheword“relish”inthesecondparagraph?A.Choose. B.Enjoy.C.Preparefor. D.Carryon.3.B詞義猜測題。根據(jù)該段內(nèi)容可以知道,作者當時并不喜歡這次乘坐火車的長途旅行。4.Wherewasthewritergoing?A.JohoreBaru. B.TheCauseway.C.Butterworth. D.Singapore. 4.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知，火車在Butterworth?？?且叔叔在那里迎接作者,所以判斷這里就是終點站。5.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Comfortintravelingbytrain.B.Pleasureoflivinginthecountry.C.Readinggivespeopledelight.D.Smilesbrightenpeopleup.5.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知,正是當?shù)厝藗兊奈⑿Ω袆恿俗髡?所以強調(diào)了微笑的作用。warmedup變暖sigh嘆氣rubber橡膠arminarm手挽手relative親戚[助讀詞匯][難句理解]Clearlytheyknewatwhattimethetrainpassedtheirhomesandtheymadeittheirbusinesstostandalongtherailway,wavetocompletestrangersandcheerthemupastheyrushedtowardsPenang.結構分析：這是一個以and連接的并列句。第一個簡單句包含一個賓語從句(atwhattime...homes)；第二個分句為含狀語從句的復合句(由as引導)，其主句結構為“主謂賓補”,其中it為形式主語。真正的主語是后面的三個并列不定式。中文大意：很顯然,他們知道火車什么時候經(jīng)過他們家門口,而且當陌生人奔往檳城的時候,他們認為站在鐵道旁,向陌生人揮手歡呼是他們份內(nèi)的事。(B)(2010全國)Whenyou’relyingonthewhitesandsoftheMexicanRiviera,thestressesoftheworldseemamillionmilesaway.Hey，stop!Thisisnovacation...youhavetofinishsomething!Hereliestheproblemfortravelwriterandfoodcritic(評論家)EdieJarolim.“Ialwayslovedtravelingandalwayslikedtoeat,butitneveroccurredtomethatIcouldmakemoneydoingboth寫ofthosethings.”Jarolimsaid.NowyoucanreadhertraveladviceeverywhereinArtsandAntiques,inBrides,orinoneofherthreebooks,TheCompleteIdiotTravelGuidetoMexico’sBeachResorts.Herjobintravelwritingbegansomeeightyearsago.AftergettingaPhDinEnglishinCanada,shetookatestforFrommer’stravelguides,passedit,andgotthejob.AfterworkingatFrommer’s,JarolimworkedforawhileatRoughGuidesinLondon，thenFodor’s,whereshefellsoinlovewithadescriptionoftheSouthwestoftheUSthatshemovedthere.Nowasatravelwriter,shespendsone-thirdofheryearontheroad.TherestofthetimeisspentcompletinghertasksandwritingreviewsofrestaurantsathomeinTucson,Arizona.Asadventurousasthejobsounds,thehardpartisfact-checkingalltheinformation.Sure,it’sgreattowriteaboutatouristattraction,butyou’dbettergetthelocalmuseumhourscorrectoryoucouldreallyruinsomeone’svacation.6.Theunderlinedword“both”inparagraph2refersto____.travelingandworkingB.writingandshoppingC.travelingandeatingD.writingandeating6.C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)該詞前面的Ialwayslovedtravelingandalwayslikedtoeat。

7.WhichcountrydoesJarolimliveinnow?A.Mexico. B.TheU.S.C.TheU.K.. D.Canada.7.B細節(jié)理解題。文章第3段提示thenFodor’s,whereshefellsoinlovewithadescriptionoftheSouthwestoftheU.S.thatshemovedthere。

8.WhatismostdifficultforJarolim?A.Workingindifferentplacestocollectinformation.B.Checkingallthefactstobewrittenintheguides.C.Finishingherworkassoonaspossible.D.Passingatesttowritetravelguides.8.B細節(jié)理解題。文章最后一段第一句Asadventurousasthejobsounds,thehardpartisfact-checkingalltheinformation有提示。9.WhatdoweknowaboutJarolimfromthetext?A.Sheissuccessfulinherjob.B.Shefindsherlifefullofstresses.C.Shespendshalfofhertimetraveling.D.Sheisespeciallyinterestedinmuseums.9.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文的介紹,說明這是一種成功的生活方式。10.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext？A.AdventuresinTravelWritingB.WorkingasaFoodCriticC.TravelGuidesontheMarketD.Vacationing