高考英語復(fù)習(xí)必修5-4

常用經(jīng)典句型(一)1.It

is

no

use

regrettingyourpastmistakes.【名師點(diǎn)津】注意上述句子中的it均用來作形式主語，后面的主語從句、動(dòng)名詞、不定式短語才是句子的真正主語。2.It

took

him

two

years

tofinishtheexperiment.3.It

is

clear

thattheenemyhasnodesireforpeace.4.It's

hard

to

say

whetherhisoperationwillbesuccessful.5.It's

a

pity

thatshehasmadesuchafoolishmistake.6.It

is/

has

been

estimated

thatthehospitalwillbecompletedsoon.7.It

must

be

kept

in

mind

thatthereisnosecretofsuccessbuthardwork.8.It

is

a

common

saying

thatahard-workingmanwillsurelysucceed.Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)詞匯1．

adj.快樂的；欣喜的2．

adj.渴望的；熱切的3．

vt.告知；通知4．

adv.其間；同時(shí)5．

vt.指責(zé)；譴責(zé)；控告6．

n．需求；要求vt.強(qiáng)烈要求7．

adj.有天賦的8．

adj.精確的；正確的delightedeagerinformmeanwhileaccusedemandgiftedaccurate9．

vt.加工；處理n．過程；程序；步驟10．

vt.幫助；協(xié)助；援助→

n．助手；助理；售貨員11．

vi.&vt.集中；聚集→

n．集中；專心12．

vt.獲得；取得；學(xué)到→

n．獲得；得到13．

vt.評(píng)估；評(píng)定→

n．評(píng)估；評(píng)定processassistassistantconcentrateconcentrationacquireacquisitionassessassessment14．

vt.贊成；認(rèn)可；批準(zhǔn)→

n．贊成；認(rèn)可；批準(zhǔn)15．

n．約會(huì)；任命→

v．約定；任命approveapprovalappointmentappointⅡ.重點(diǎn)短語1．

集中；全神貫注于2．

因……指責(zé)或控告……3．

依靠；依賴4．

在……前面5．

為了(做)……6．

獨(dú)自，靠自己，獨(dú)立7．

記住8．

應(yīng)當(dāng)concentrateonaccuse...ofdependonaheadofsoasto(dosth.)onone'sownkeepsth.inmindbesupposedtoⅢ.重點(diǎn)句型1．Hisdiscussionwithhisnewbosswasto

strongly

influencehislifeasajournalist.他同新上司的討論對(duì)他的記者生涯必將產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈的影響?！究键c(diǎn)提煉】

betodo作表語，表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常譯為：注定會(huì)……；一定……?！揪渥臃聦憽?/p>

他們注定以后永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)再見面了。They

were

never

to

meet

again.2．Not

only

am

Iinterestedinphotography，butItookanamateurcourseatuniversitytoupdatemyskills.對(duì)攝影我不僅只是感興趣，在大學(xué)里還專修過業(yè)余攝影課來更新我的技術(shù)。【考點(diǎn)提煉】

notonly...butalso...前后連接兩個(gè)句子時(shí)，notonly后的句子要用部分倒裝，但butalso后的分句不用倒裝?！揪渥臃聦憽?/p>

她不但聰明，而且非常勤奮。Not

only

is

she

clever

but

she

is

very

diligent.3．Only

ifyouaskmanydifferentquestionswillyouacquirealltheinformationyouneedtoknow.只有提很多不同的問題，你才能收集到你所需要的信息。【考點(diǎn)提煉】

“only＋狀語”放在句首，主句要部分倒裝?！揪渥臃聦憽?/p>

只是在那時(shí)我才認(rèn)識(shí)到健康的重要性。Only

then

did

I

realize

the

importance

of

my

health.4．Sowearrangedaninterviewbetweenthefootballerandthemansupposed_to_bribehim.因此我們安排這名球員和被認(rèn)為行賄的人一起接受采訪?！究键c(diǎn)提煉】

besupposedtodosth.，意為“應(yīng)該；被期望”，表示勸告、建議、義務(wù)、責(zé)任等，相當(dāng)于should?！揪渥臃聦憽?/p>

每個(gè)人在汽車?yán)锒紤?yīng)該系安全帶。Everyone_is_supposed_to_wear_a_seat_belt_in_the_car.1．a(chǎn)ssistn．幫助；援助；協(xié)助(課文原句)You'llfindyourcolleaguesveryeagertoassistyou，...你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你的同事都很渴望去幫助你，……【歸納拓展】1)assistsb.todosth.幫助某人做某事assistsb.in/with幫助某人某事assistsb.indoingsth.幫助某人做某事2)assistancen．協(xié)助；補(bǔ)助；援助cometoone'sassistance幫助某人3)assistantn．助手，助理；adj.助理的①YouwillberequiredtoassistProfessorSmithtoprepareareport.你需要協(xié)助史密斯教授準(zhǔn)備一份報(bào)告。②Ateamofnursesassistedthedoctorin

performingtheoperation.一組護(hù)士協(xié)助醫(yī)生施行手術(shù)。③Iwasemployedtoassist

the

manager

with

his

duties.我受雇協(xié)助經(jīng)理工作。2．eageradj.渴望的；熱切的(課文原句)You'llfindyourcolleaguesveryeagertoassistyou，soyoumaybeabletoconcentrateonphotographylaterifyouareinterested.你將發(fā)現(xiàn)你的同事們會(huì)熱情地幫助你。如果你對(duì)攝影感興趣，以后你可以集中精力去鉆研?！練w納拓展】1)beeagertodosth.渴望做某事beeagerfor/about/after...渴望……beeagerthat...渴望……2)beanxioustodosth.急切地想做某事beanxiousforsth.急切地想得到某物①Heiseagerforsuccess.他渴望取得成功。②Heis

eager

forhisparentstomeethisgirlfriends.他盼望他的父母去見他的女朋友。③I'manxious

abouthersafety.我對(duì)她的安全擔(dān)心。④I'mreallyanxious

to

seehim.我急于見他。anxious/eageranxious和eager都表示“渴望，急切”。anxious側(cè)重“焦慮、著急”eager指對(duì)成功的期望或進(jìn)取的熱情。3.acquirev.獲得；取得；學(xué)到(課文原句)Onlyifyouaskmanydifferentquestionswillyouacquirealltheinformationyouneedtoknow.你只有提出許多不同的問題之后才有可能獲得你所需要知道的信息。【歸納拓展】acquiresth.得到、掌握、獲得……acquireatastefor開始喜歡上……acquireahabitof...養(yǎng)成……習(xí)慣acquireaknowledgeof學(xué)會(huì)……①Ilookonitasanopportunitytoacquirefreshskills.我把這當(dāng)作是一次學(xué)習(xí)新技能的機(jī)會(huì)。②Sheacquired

a

knowledge

ofEnglishbycarefulstudy.她通過認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)而精通英語。acquire/achieve/obtainacquire指經(jīng)過不懈努力才獲得的技術(shù)、知識(shí)等抽象的東西，也指養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣等。achieve強(qiáng)調(diào)由于極大的努力，克服困難后達(dá)到目標(biāo)。obtain指經(jīng)過努力或付出代價(jià)或經(jīng)過很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才得到所需要的東西。4.informv.通知，告訴(課文原句)Theymustuseresearchtoinformthemselvesofthemissingpartsofthestory.他們必須通過調(diào)查研究，來使自己了解到被遺漏的那部分情況?！練w納拓展】1)informsb.of/aboutsth.告知某人某事informsb.(that)．..通知某人2)informedadj.了解情況的；見識(shí)廣的keeprmed使某人隨時(shí)了解最新情況①Pleaseinform

us

ofanychangeoftheaddressassoonaspossible.地址如有變更請(qǐng)盡快通知我們。②Weregrettoinform

you

thatyourapplicationhasbeenrejected.我們很遺憾地通知你，你的申請(qǐng)被拒絕了。③Youshouldkeep

us

informedwheneveryouareintrouble.無論何時(shí)你有麻煩就應(yīng)該告知我們。5．demandv．/n.要求；需要(課文原句)Itwasadilemmabecausethefootballercouldhavedemandeddamagesifwewerewrong.這事有些為難，因?yàn)槿绻覀冨e(cuò)了，他就可以向我們索要賠償?！練w納拓展】1)demandtodosth.要求做某事demandsth.ofsb.要求某人某事demandthat...(should)要求……2)indemand(of)需要meet/satisfyone'sdemand滿足某人的需要；符合某人的要求①Hedemandedtobetoldeverything.他要求告訴他一切。②ShedemandedthatI(should)telleverythingtoheraboutit.她要求我把知道的整個(gè)事情都告訴她。③Themanagerpromisedthattheywouldtrytomeet

their

customers‘

demands.經(jīng)理許諾他們會(huì)盡力滿足客戶的需求。④Mycardemands/needs/requiresrepairing/toberepaired，soIhavetogotoworkbybus.我的小汽車需要修理了，因此我必須乘公共汽車上下班。6．a(chǎn)pprovev．贊成；稱許；批準(zhǔn)(課文原句)Lastofall，thechiefeditorreaditandapprovedit.最后主編審讀了這篇稿子，并且批準(zhǔn)發(fā)表了?！練w納拓展】1)approvesth.批準(zhǔn)……approveofsb./sth.贊成/同意某人/某事2)approvaln．同意；批準(zhǔn)giveone'sapprovalto批準(zhǔn)①Theministerapprovedthebuildingplan.部長(zhǎng)批準(zhǔn)了這項(xiàng)建筑計(jì)劃。②Myparentsdon'tapprove

ofhersmoking.父母親不贊同她吸煙。③Shewouldneverdoanythingthatwasnotapproved

ofbyherparents.她從來不會(huì)做父母不贊成的事情。④Heshowedhisapprovalbysmiling.他用微笑表示贊成。(2011·湖北高考)Clinicalevidencebeganto__________，suggestingthatthenewdrugshadawiderrangeofusefulactivitiesthanhadbeenpredictedfromexperimentsinanimals.A．operate B．strengthenC．a(chǎn)pprove D．a(chǎn)ccumulate【解析】

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：越來越多的臨床證據(jù)表明，相對(duì)于在動(dòng)物身上的試驗(yàn)，預(yù)期這種新藥有更廣泛的應(yīng)用。operate操作，經(jīng)營(yíng)；strengthen加強(qiáng)；approve贊成，同意；accumulate(數(shù)量)逐漸增加?！敬鸢浮?/p>

DⅠ.單項(xiàng)填空1．Herhusbandwas________tomakeafortune，butfinallyfailed.A．proud B．a(chǎn)nxiousC．eager D．content【解析】

beeagertodosth.渴望做某事，符合句意?！敬鸢浮?/p>

C2．Ittookheralongtimeto________theskillssheneededtobecomeafamousplayer.A．a(chǎn)cquire B．inquireC．require D．request【解析】

句意：她花了很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間來獲得一名著名的運(yùn)動(dòng)員所需要的技巧。acquire“獲得”；inquire“詢問，問明，查究”；require“要求，需要”；request“請(qǐng)求”?！敬鸢浮?/p>

A3．Thephotosonthewall________mymotherofthosehappyolddayswhenalargefamilylivedtogether.A．inform B．a(chǎn)pproveC．remind D．retell【解析】

remindsb.ofsth.“使某人想起……”。informsb.of...“通知某人某事”?！敬鸢浮?/p>

C4．ThebossdemandedthatMary________theworkwithinaweek.A．finished B．wouldfinishC．hadfinished D．finish【解析】

考查demand用法。句意：這個(gè)老板要求瑪麗一周內(nèi)完成這份工作。demand后that從句中用虛擬語氣shoulddo，should可省略。【答案】

D5．You'dbettercutyourhairshort.Ourschooldoesnot________toolonghair.A．a(chǎn)pproveofstudentsworeB．a(chǎn)pprovestudentstowearC．a(chǎn)pproveofstudentstowearD．a(chǎn)pproveofstudentswearing【解析】

考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：你最好把頭發(fā)剪短點(diǎn)，我校不允許學(xué)生留長(zhǎng)發(fā)。approveof后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式，studentswearingtoolonghair是動(dòng)詞-ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)?！敬鸢浮?/p>

DⅡ.選詞填空(acquire，achieve與obtain)6．Shehas________someveryunpleasanthabitsrecently.【答案】

acquired7．Aftersomanyyearsofhardwork，hefinally________success.【答案】

achieved8．Inthesecondexperimentthey________averyclearresult.【答案】

obtained1．concentrateon集中；全神貫注于……(課文原句)You'llfindyourcolleaguesveryeagertoassistyou，soyoumaybeabletoconcentrateonphotographylaterifyouareinterested.你將發(fā)現(xiàn)你的同事們會(huì)熱情地幫助你。如果你對(duì)攝影感興趣，以后你可以集中精力去鉆研。【歸納拓展】1)concentratesth.onsth./doingsth.專心致志于某事/做某事concentrateone'sattentionon致力于……；把注意力集中在……2)payone'sattentionto專心于……，注意……focus/fixone'sattentionon集中注意力于……putone'smind/heartinto專心于……applyoneself/one'smindto專心于……beabsorbedin...專心致志于belostin傾心于……①Adrivershouldconcentrateontheroadwhendriving.開車時(shí)駕駛員的注意力要集中在路上。②Weshouldconcentrateourattentiononworkthismonth.我們這個(gè)月應(yīng)把注意力集中在工作上面。③Wemustfocus

our

attention

onurgentproblems.我們必須把注意力集中在緊急的問題上。2．dependon依靠；依賴(課文原句)Meanwhileyouhavetopreparethenextquestiondependingonwhatthepersonsays.同時(shí)，你還有根據(jù)被采訪人所說的話準(zhǔn)備下一個(gè)問題?！練w納拓展】1)dependonsb.todosth.依靠某人做某事dependonsb.forsth.靠某人供給某物dependon/uponitthat...指望；對(duì)……深信不疑2)Thatdepends./Italldepends.視情況而定。①Hedependsonhisparentstotakecareofthechildren.他依靠父母照顧孩子。②Childrendependontheirparentsforfoodandclothing.孩子們依靠父母供給衣食。③Youmaydepend

on

it

thatshewillhelpyou.你可以相信她會(huì)幫助你的。④—Ishecoming？他來嗎？—That

depends.Hemaynothavetime.視情況而定，他可能沒有時(shí)間。(2011·山東高考)—AreyougoingtoTom'sbirthdayparty?—________.Imighthavetowork.A．Itdepends B．ThankyouC．Soundsgreat D．Don'tmentionit【解析】

考查交際用語。句意；“——你要去參加湯姆的生日聚會(huì)嗎？——看情況而定。我可能得工作?！备鶕?jù)回答的后半句推測(cè)句意選A。C為“聽起來不錯(cuò)”，用于接受某人的提議。D為“不用提了”用于回答別人說“thankyou”?！敬鸢浮?/p>

A3．a(chǎn)ccuse...of因……指責(zé)；控告(課文原句)Haveyoueverhadacasewheresomebodyaccusedyourjournalistsofgettingthewrongendofthestick?你們有沒有過這樣的情況：有人控告你的記者，說他(她)們的報(bào)道完全失實(shí)呢？accuse，chargeaccuse作“指控，控訴”時(shí)，與介詞of連用，構(gòu)成：accusesb.ofsth./doingsth.指控某人做某事charge可以指因?yàn)樾″e(cuò)而受的責(zé)備，也指因違法而受到控告，與介詞with連用，構(gòu)成：chargesb.withsth.①Hisbrotheraccusedthatmanofmurder.他的弟弟控告那個(gè)人謀殺。②Hewas

charged

with/

was

accused

ofcheatingintheexamination.他被指控在考試中作弊。4．soasto為了(課文原句)Afootballerwasaccusedoftakingmoneyfordeliberatelynotscoringgoalssoastolettheotherteamwin.一位足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員因?yàn)樾钜獠贿M(jìn)球而讓對(duì)方球隊(duì)獲勝而被指控。【歸納拓展】1)soasto引導(dǎo)的不定式短語只可置于句后，不可位于句首。inorderto引導(dǎo)的不定式短語既可以位于句首，又可置于句后。2)inorderto和soasto的否定形式是在to前加not，即inordernotto，soasnotto。3)inorderto和soasto后只能接動(dòng)詞原形，如果后接目的狀語從句，可用inorderthat或sothat。4)so/such...astodosth.如此……以至于……(作結(jié)果狀語)①Westartedearlysoastocatchtheearlybus.為了趕上早班車我們很早就出發(fā)了。②Hegetsupearlyso

as

not

tobelateforschool.他起床很早以便上學(xué)不遲到。③HewenttoEnglandlastyearin

order

thathecouldlearnstandardEnglish.他去年到了英國(guó)為的是學(xué)習(xí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語。④Theteacherpreparedhislessonswellso

thathecouldmakehisclasseslivelyandinteresting.老師認(rèn)真?zhèn)湔n以便使他的課生動(dòng)有趣。⑤In

order

to

findthebook，hesearchedthewholehouse.為了找到這本書，他翻遍了全家。Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空1．Allthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediately________intimeforChristmas.A．inordertohavereceivedB．inordertoreceiveC．soastobereceivedD．soastobereceiving【解析】

allthesegifts與receive構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，要用不定式的被動(dòng)形式。【答案】

C2．Whatworriesmemostisthatmydaughter________mostofhersparetime________playinggamesonthecomputer.A．concentrates；on B．concentrates；inC．focuses；to D．focuses；in【解析】

concentrate...on...把……集中在……上，為固定搭配?！敬鸢浮?/p>

A3．Thewitness________theoldwoman________tellingliesonthecourt.A．charged;of B．charged;forC．a(chǎn)ccused;of D．a(chǎn)ccused;for【解析】

考查動(dòng)詞用法辨析。句意：這個(gè)目擊者在法庭上指責(zé)這個(gè)老太太說謊。charge和accuse都有“指責(zé)/控告”之意，但是charge與with連用，accuse與of連用。chargesb.for“因……向某人收錢”。結(jié)合句意可知選C。【答案】

C4．Youmay________itthathewillturnupintime.A．decideon B．dependonC．a(chǎn)nswerfor D．makesure【解析】

考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：你可以相信他會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)到來。decideon“決定……”和answerfor“對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)”都不用于此句型。makesure確保；dependonitthat...相信……?！敬鸢浮?/p>

BⅡ.完成句子5．你可以相信她會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)到來。Youmay________herarrivingontime.【答案】

dependon6．吵鬧聲不絕于耳，我無法集中精力學(xué)習(xí)。Ican't________mystudieswithallthatnoisegoingon.【答案】

concentrateon7．他穿著厚大衣以免著涼。Heworeaheavycoat________catchacold.【答案】

soasnotto1．Hisdiscussionwithhisnewbosswasto

strongly

influence_hislifeasajournalist.他同新上司的討論對(duì)他的記者生涯必將產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈的影響。該句式中不定式作表語，表示按約定、計(jì)劃、職責(zé)、義務(wù)、要求等即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，這是將來時(shí)的一種用法。Theyaretopayavisittotheteachertogetherattentomorrowmorning.他們明天上午十點(diǎn)鐘一起去看這位老師?！練w納拓展】不定式作表語時(shí)還有下列用法：1)表示必須或應(yīng)該，在意思上相當(dāng)于must，should，oughtto或haveto。2)用來表示注定要發(fā)生或不可避免要發(fā)生的事。Histheorywastochangetheviewstotheuniverse.他的理論勢(shì)必要改變?nèi)祟悓?duì)宇宙的看法。3)如果主語是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等為中心的名詞，或what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，不定式作表語是對(duì)主語起補(bǔ)充說明的作用。①Ouraimis

to

catch

up

withtheworld'sadvancedlevelattheendofthiscentury.我們的目標(biāo)是要在本世紀(jì)末達(dá)到世界先進(jìn)水平。②Youare

to

finishtheworkbeforefivethisafternoon.你們必須在今天下午五點(diǎn)以前完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。③Thismedicineis

to

be

takenthreetimesaday.這種藥一天要服三次。④Howcouldheknowhewasnevertoseehiswifeandfamilyagainbydoingso？他怎么知道他這么做就再也看不到他的妻子和家庭了？2．Sowearrangedaninterviewbetweenthefootballerandthemansupposed

to

bribehim.因此我們安排這名球員和被認(rèn)為行賄的人一起接受采訪。besupposedtodosth.是一個(gè)很常用的句式。當(dāng)主語是“人”時(shí)，意為“應(yīng)該；被期望”，表示勸告、建議、義務(wù)、責(zé)任等，相當(dāng)于should。當(dāng)主語是“物”時(shí)，意為“本應(yīng)；本該”，表示某事本應(yīng)該發(fā)生而沒有發(fā)生。You'resupposedtoasktheteacherifyouwanttoleavetheclassroom.你如果要離開教室，應(yīng)該先問問老師。【歸納拓展】1)suppose＋sb.＋(tobe)＋adj./n.認(rèn)為某人……2)suppose/supposing(that)．..假定……；假如……；如果……3)Isupposeso/not.我想會(huì)的/不會(huì)的。4)Idon'tsupposethat...我認(rèn)為……不……(否定前移)①We'renot

supposed

to

smokehere.我們不應(yīng)該在這里吸煙。②Allofhisfriendssupposed

her

to

be

his

wife.他所有的朋友都以為她是他的太太。③Suppose/Supposing(that)Idon'thaveadayoff，whatshallwedo?假如我沒有一天的假，我們?cè)趺崔k？④—It'sgoingtobefinethisevening.今晚一切都會(huì)好的?！狪_suppose

so.我想會(huì)的。(2011·遼寧高考)Whatareyoudoingoutofbed，Tom?You're_________tobeasleep.A．supposed B．knownC．thought D．considered【解析】

考查固定短語。句意：湯姆，你不在床上，你在做什么？你應(yīng)該上床睡覺了。besupposedtodosth.”本應(yīng)該做某事”，為固定短語，符合句意?！敬鸢浮?/p>

AⅠ.單項(xiàng)填空1．—DidyoutellTomaboutthegoodnews?—Oh，no，Iforgot.I________himnow.A．willbecalling B．willcallC．call D．a(chǎn)mtocall【解析】

句意：“你告訴湯姆這個(gè)好消息了嗎？”“噢，沒有，我忘了。我這就給他打電話?！贝颂幈硎尽榜R上要打電話”，屬于將來時(shí)，A項(xiàng)為將來進(jìn)行時(shí)；C項(xiàng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(一般表示習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作)，故排除；betodosth.也可表示將來，但是它表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生的事情；willdo表示臨時(shí)決定要做某事，符合題意?！敬鸢浮?/p>

B2．Asastudent，you________intheclassroomontime.A．expecttobe B．a(chǎn)resupposedtobeC．lookforwardtobe D．a(chǎn)rehopedtobe【解析】

A項(xiàng)應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)形式才與整個(gè)句意相符；C項(xiàng)是主語盼望干某