2020-2021學(xué)年高中英語Unit4SharingSectionⅢ-Grammar習(xí)題含解析新人教版選修7

PAGE6-Unit4SharingSectionⅢ—Grammar課后篇鞏固提升一、單句改錯1.Themountain,onthatthereisatemple,isverybeautiful.

答案that→which2.Thefarm,whichIworkedfortwoyears,haschangedgreatly.

答案which前加on或which→where3.ThisisthemuseumwhereIvisitedlastweek.

答案where→which/that4.ThisisthemostbeautifulscenerywhichIhaveeverseen.

答案which→that5.Manypeoplewhohadseenthefilmwereafraidtogototheforestwhentheyrememberedthescenesthatpeoplewereeatenbythetiger.

答案that→inwhich/where二、用定語從句翻譯下列句子1.他指給我看他丟錢包的地方。

答案Heshowedmetheplacewherehelosthiswallet.2.我不認(rèn)識那個和你說話的女孩。

答案Idon’tknowthegirlwhom/thatyouspoketo.3.她是一個叫瑪麗的女孩。

答案SheisagirlwhoiscalledMary./SheisagirlwhosenameisMary.4.那些正在打網(wǎng)球的男孩是我的朋友。

答案Thoseboyswhoareplayingtennisaremyfriends.5.你記不記得我們到這兒的那一天?

答案Doyourememberthedaywhenwearrivedhere?三、閱讀理解ASupposeyoubecomealeaderinanorganisation.It’sverylikelythatyou’llwanttohavevolunteerstohelpwiththeorganisation’sactivities.Todoso,itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertakevolunteerworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.Let’sbeginwiththequestionofwhypeoplevolunteer.Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivatepeopletogetinvolved.Forexample,peoplevolunteertoexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness,toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences,andtostrengthensocialrelationships.Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeettheseneeds,peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.Toselectvolunteers,youmayneedtounderstandthemotivationsofthepeopleyouwishtoattract.Peoplealsovolunteerbecausetheyarerequiredtodoso.Toincreaselevelsofcommunityservice,someschoolshavelaunchedcompulsoryvolunteerprograms.Unfortunately,theseprogramscanshiftpeople’swishofparticipationfromaninternalfactor(e.g.,“Ivolunteerbecauseit’simportanttome”)toanexternalfactor(e.g.,“IvolunteerbecauseI’mrequiredtodoso”).Whenthathappens,peoplebecomelesslikelytovolunteerinthefuture.Peoplemustbesensitivetothispossibilitywhentheymakevolunteeractivitiesamust.Oncepeoplebegintovolunteer,whatleadsthemtoremainintheirpositionsovertime?Toanswerthisquestion,researchershaveconductedfollow-upstudiesinwhichtheytrackvolunteersovertime.Forinstance,onestudyfollowed238volunteersinFloridaoverayear.Oneofthemostimportantfactorsthatinfluencedtheirsatisfactionasvolunteerswastheamountofsufferingtheyexperiencedintheirvolunteerpositions.Althoughthisresultmaynotsurpriseyou,itleadstoimportantpracticaladvice.Theresearchersnotethatattentionshouldbegivento“trainingmethodsthatwouldpreparevolunteersfortroublesomesituationsorprovidethemwithstrategiesforcopingwiththeproblemtheydoexperience”.Anotherstudyof302volunteersathospitalsinChicagofocusedonindividualdifferencesinthedegreetowhichpeopleview“volunteer”asanimportantsocialrole.Itwasassumedthatthosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.Participantsindicatedthedegreetowhichthesocialrolematteredbyrespondingtostatementssuchas“VolunteeringinHospitalisanimportantpartofwhoIam.”Consistentwiththeresearchers’expectations,theyfoundapositivecorrelation(正相關(guān))betweenthestrengthofroleidentityandthelengthoftimepeoplecontinuedtovolunteer.Theseresults,onceagain,leadtoconcreteadvice:“Onceanindividualbeginsvolunteering,continuedeffortsmightfocusondevelopingavolunteerroleidentity...ItemslikeT-shirtsthatallowvolunteerstoberecognisedpubliclyfortheircontributionscanhelpstrengthenroleidentity”.1.Peoplevolunteermainlyoutof.

A.academicrequirementsB.socialexpectationsC.financialrewardsD.internalneeds答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容可知人們做志愿者工作的原因為:“toexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness,toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences,andtostrengthensocialrelationships”再結(jié)合“Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeettheseneeds,peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate”可知答案為D項(滿足內(nèi)在的需求)。2.WhatcanwelearnfromtheFloridastudy?A.Follow-upstudiesshouldlastforoneyear.B.Volunteersshouldgetmentallyprepared.C.Strategytrainingisamustinresearch.D.Volunteersareprovidedwithconcreteadvice.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句中“trainingmethodsthatwouldpreparevolunteersfortroublesomesituationsorprovidethemwithstrategiesforcopingwiththeproblemtheydoexperience”可知志愿者應(yīng)該從心理上做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。故選B項。3.Whatismostlikelytomotivatevolunteerstocontinuetheirwork?A.Individualdifferencesinroleidentity.B.PubliclyidentifiablevolunteerT-shirts.C.Roleidentityasavolunteer.D.Practicaladvicefromresearchers.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第二句中“thosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork”可知志愿者身份認(rèn)同會激勵他們繼續(xù)從事志愿者工作。故選C項。4.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowtoGetPeopletoVolunteerB.HowtoStudyVolunteerBehavioursC.HowtoKeepVolunteers’InterestD.HowtoOrganiseVolunteerActivities答案A解析主旨大意題。文章首段提出假設(shè):假如你是一名組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人,很想得到志愿者的幫助,并指出在此之前,必須弄清志愿者為什么自發(fā)地去服務(wù)社會,并通過3個實驗研究志愿者的意圖。因此A項是文章的最佳標(biāo)題。BRatshavebeenknownfordouble-crossing,buttheymaynotalwaysbecheating.Accordingtoresearchers,theyareactuallykindandgenerous.ChicagoUniversityscientistshousedratsinpairssothattheygottoknoweachother.Theythenplacedoneinsidethecage,andfoundthatthesecondratwasdistresseduntilitworkedouthowtofreethefirstone.Totheirsurprise,theanimalsdidnotonlyhelpeachother,theyalsoselflesslysharedtheirfoods.Duringtheexperiment,scientistsfoundthattheratbecameanxiousthesightofitstrappedfriend,meaningithadpickedupontheanimal’sdistress,accordingtothescientists.Butthefreeanimalwentmuchfurther,learninghowtoopenthetubedoor,withoutbeingshown.Alotofratsrepeatedthepattern,thejournalSciencereports.InbalBen-AmiBartalsaid,“Wearenottrainingtheseratsinanyway.Theseratsarelearningbecausetheyaremotivatedbysomethinginternal.Wearenotshowingthemhowtoopenthedoor.It’shardtoopenthedoor.Buttheykeeptryingandtryingandeventuallyitworks.”Infurtherexperiments,theratshadlittleornointerestintoystrappedinthecagesbuttheyfreedrealrats.This,saytheresearchers,showsthattheliberatorrats’motivationwastofreethetrappedanimals.Theanimaloftenchosetocompletetherescuebeforesharingtheirchocolate.Theresearchteamsaidthatactingoutofempathy(同情)isclearlynotuniquetohumans—andsuggestedwemightbeabletolearnathingortwofromtherat.ProfessorMasonsaid,“Whenweactwithoutempathy,weareactingagainstourhumannature.Ifhumanswouldlistenandactontheirempathymoreoften,we’dbebetteroff.”5.Theunderlinedword“double-crossing”inthefirstparagraphmaymean.

A.running B.cheating C.eating D.sharing答案B解析詞義猜測題。從后面的buttheymaynotalwaysbecheating可知老鼠并不總是“帶有欺騙性的”,所以double-crossing的意思為“騙人的”。6.Whywerethescientistssurprisedattheresearch?A.Theratsgottoknoweachother.B.Thefirstratwaskeptinthecage.C.Theratssharedtheirfoods.D.Theratsdidn’thelpeachother.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句的Totheirsurprise,theanimalsdidnotonlyhelpeachother,theyalsoselflesslysharedtheirfoods可知研究者對老鼠能分享食物感到驚奇。故該題的正確答案為C項。7.Theratslearntohelpthetrappedones.

A.forfun B.byinstinctC.bychance D.bytrying答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的Theseratsarelearningbecausetheyaremotivatedbysomethinginternal可知老鼠能幫助被困的同伴是出于本能。故該題的正確答案為B項。8.WhatProfessorMasonsaidmeans.

A.peopleshouldshowmoreempathyB.peopleshouldlearntohelpthetrappedratsC.peopleshouldbebetteroffD.peopleshouldactagainsthumannature答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句Ifhumanswouldlistenandactontheirempathymoreoften,we’dbebetteroff可知教授建議要更多地展示同情心和愛心。故該題的正確答案為A項。四、根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項Studentsoftenhaveadifficulttimefindingtheiruniquevoiceandstylewhilewriting.Oneofthemostfrustratingthingsforwritingteachersisreadingpapersthatsimplylackstyle.1Herearesomesimpletipsthatcanhelpthemout.

Whoareyou?Oneofthemostdifficultquestionsforstudentstoansweris:“Whoareyou?”2Indoingthis,throughwriting,studentswillstarttoseetheirpersonalitiesdifferentlyand,hopefully,beabletoaddafeaturetotheirwriting.

Writeletters.Writinglettersisagreatwayforstudentstoexploretheirwritingpassion(熱情).3Andgetthemtowritetotheonetheyabsolutelyhate.Explorehowtheirlanguagechangesbetweenthetwoletters.Whenstudentsknowtheiraudiences,itismucheasierforthemtoaddthekindofpersonalitytheiraudiencewantstosee.

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Whenstudentswriteaboutwhatmattersmosttothem,theywilloftengiveyouthebestwritingyou’veeverseen.Whenstudentshavesomethingtosayaboutagiventopic,itcanbeeasierforthemtogettheirideasdownandthenworkontheirwritingstyle.Getthewordsonpaper,andtheneditthem.Themostvaluablelessonstudentscanlearnistowritefirst,andeditlater.Havestudentswriteforfiveminutesabouttheirtopics.Iftheycangettheirideasdownonpaper,that’s90%ofthebattle.5Thiscanhelpthemrealisethat,oncetheyhavetheideasdown,therestisjustfinetuning(微調(diào)).Oncetheyhavethisskillmastered,it’seasyforthemtostartaddingtheirownpersonalvoicetotheirpapers.

A.Whatmatterstoyou?B.Whatstyleistaughtinclass?C.Itcanbeboringforteacherstogradetheirpapers.D.Encouragethemtowritetoafamouspersonthey’vealwaysadmired.E.Haveyourstudentsexplorewhotheyareandwhatmakesthemunique?F.Voiceisthatmagicalqualitywhichisabletomakeacreativewritingideasing.G.Afterthat,havethemedittheseideasintoareallystrongintroductoryparagraph.答案1~5CEDAG五、短文改錯LastSunday,myneighbourwentoutandaskmetohelpherlookafterhertwolittl