2023年6月英語六級真題及答案三套全

2０2３年６月英語六級真題及答案（三套全）20２3年6月英語六級真題作文一：國內(nèi)國外上大學Directioｎs:

Ｓupｐoｓｅyoｕareaskｅdｔogｉveadvicｅonwhethｅrtoａt(yī)ｔeｎdcｏllegｅaｔhomeorａbroａd,wriｔeａneｓｓaytｏｓtａt(yī)ｅｙouｒoｐｉnion.Youａrerｅquiredtowｒiteaｔlｅasｔ１５0wｏｒｄｓｂｕtnｏmｏｒethａn２00wordｓ.參考答案Nｏwａｄayｓ,ｔhｅrｅhasbeｅｎａｈeateddiscuｓsionastoaｂｅｔtｅｒcｈoicebetｗeenattｅｎdiｎgcｏlｌegeathomeandabrｏad.Ｖiewsonｔheｔopｉｃvarｙgｒeatlyamｏnｇpｅoplefｒomｄｉffereｎtｗａｌksｏfｌife.Someｂelievethatitiｓaｂetｔｅrchoicｅｔｏsｔuｄyindomesｔｉｃｃolｌeｇes,buｔｏｔhersconｓｉｄeritｂettertostudyabroad.Itotａlｌyagｒeｅｗitｈthｅｌaｔｔeｒｉdeafoｒｔherｅasonspreseｎteｄbelow.Tｏｂｅgｉnwith，ithaｒmsthｅsoｃietyintｈattｈeｇreaｔeｒtｈecomｐetｉtiｏnｉs，ｔhｅhigherｔhｅrecｒuitｍｅｎtｒeｑｕｉremｅntswillｂeｃｏmｅ．Tｈerｅfoｒe,wiｔhｅxpeｒiｅnceｓｏfstudyingabroａd,graｄuａｔeswillbecomeｍorecoｍpetｉtiveinｊobhｕｎting.Furthermorｅ,ｉｔisbenefiｃialtothestuｄeｎtsthｅmsｅlｖestoｓｔudyａｂrｏad．Witｈoutｔhecｈoicｅtoｐurｓuｅoverｓeaｓｓｔuｄy，ｍaｎｙgreatscholaｒstodaywouldｎeveｒhavｅaｃhｉevedsｕchgreaｔsｕcceｓs．Frommｙpｅrspectivｅ,ｉtiscｒuｃｉalthattｈｅgoveｒnmｅntｓhoｕldｅnｃourageｐeopｌｅtopurｓueoｖerｓeａsｓｔudy.Ａlsoiｔiscrucialthaｔpeopleshouｌdｕnderｓtａndtｈemｅanｉngandvalueoｆattendｉngcollegeaｂroad．Ｏｎlyinthiｓｗａycanｗｅａchievｅgreａt(yī)ｅｒsucceｓs.作文二：文科還是理科Dｉｒectiｏｎs:

Ｓｕpposeｙｏｕareasｋｅdtogiveａdvｉｃeonwhethｅrtoｍajoriｎhumanｉtiesorscｉｅnｃe,ｗritｅaｎesｓaytoｓtateｙourｏpinｉon.Youarerequiredtoｗrｉteatｌeａst１50wｏｒdsbutｎomｏrethan２00wｏrds．參考范文：Lｉｖinginaｗorｌdwhicｈｉｓfｕllofｃｈangｅsanｄｃｈaｌlｅngeｓ,ｗeａreｃｏnfrontedｗitｈnｅwproｂlemseverｙsinｇｌeday.Oｆａlltｈeｉssueｓ,onemiｇhtｃoncernｔhｅhighscｈoｏlｇｒａduａt(yī)esthemost,ａnditiｓiftherearetwｏｏptｉｏｎs:tomａjorinｓcieｎceｏrhｕmａnitiｅs.Asfｏｒme,Ｉpｒefeｒthelattｅr.Ｗhy,ｙoｕmaｙwonｄer,ｓhouldIpｒefertomajorinhｕmａｎities.Therｅasonsrespｏnsiｂleｆorｉtcanｂeliｓteｄasfolｌows．Amongthｅmostimｐortａｎtreaｓonscｉteｄbypeｏpleｉsthaｔｔomajoｒinhuｍanｉtｉes，diｒｅctｌyｏrindirectly，ｃannoｔoｎlyｅnrichoｕrbａsｉｃkｎｏｗｌedgｅａbouttｈeｄivｅrsifiｅdcuｌtureｂutalsｏsharpenonｅ’sinｓightindaｉlyrouｔiｎe，wｈichiｓofｇrｅａｔimpoｒtanceｉｎone’sｇrowth.Ｗhaｔ’ｓｍore,tosｔudyhｕmaｎitiescangiveuｓaｎｉndependentpeｒsoｎaｌｉtyａｎdadeepeｒvisｉontｏwａrｄstｈeworld，ifitweｒenotforｔhoseｔwｏattribuｔｅs,hoｗｃoｕｌdweaｃhieveｇreａt(yī)goalｓinｔhｉsｄog-ｅａt(yī)-dogworld．Aｂovｅａlｌ,inｓuchaｓoｃietywhereemｐhａsｉs，ｍｏreｏfteｎtｈannｏｔ，ｉslａｉdontｈeｄepthofoｎe’stｈougｈt,tochoosｅｈｕmaｎiｔiｅsasone’smajor,musｔbethebeｓtway．Tomａjorｈuｍａnities,soatlｅaｓtiｔｓeemstｏme，iｓpreferablefｏrｃｏllege

students，iftｈｅyｈadｔｈechａnｃe,inthepｒocｅsｓｏｆｗhiｃhweｗilldeveｌｏpanｉnnovａt(yī)ｉvｅthｏuｇhtｍode.Asaｐｒoverbgoeｓ,thｅｒeisｎｏdifficulｔythａt(yī)anｉnnｏvａt(yī)ivethougｈｔmodecａnnotsｏlvｅ,nodooｒｔhａｔａninnoｖatｉvethougｈtmodecａnnｏtopｅｎ，ｎomoｕntaiｎthａt(yī)anｉｎnovａｔｉvｅtｈouｇｈtｍodecannｏtsurmｏunt.作文三：選擇綜合類大學還是職業(yè)題目:Dｉrｅctions:Supposeｙoｕaｒeasｋeｄｔogiveadviceoｎwhｅthertoaｔteｎdavocatiｏｎalcollegeoｒauniｖersiｔｙ，wｒｉｔeａnｅｓsayｔostateyoｕrｏpinｉoｎ.Yｏuarerequirｅdtowriteatleast150ｗordsbutｎｏmｏretｈan２00wｏrｄｓ.參考范文:Ｗiththeflouriｓhoｆedｕcaｔｉoｎinduｓtry，modｅrnstｕｄentsarefａcedwitｈ

mｏrealteｒnatiｖｅｓtocontinueｔhｅirｆｕｒcａt(yī)ioｎ.Bothａt(yī)tendｉngavｏcaｔｉoｎalｃollegeorauniｖerｓityservｅsastｗｏmainoptｉonsfortｈehｉghschｏolgrａｄuates．Ｉnｔｅrｍｓofwhiｃhtｏchooseandｗhattobｅｔakｅnintｏconsｉdｅraｔiｏｎ,Isｈａlｌａdvｉｓeａｓfｏlloｗs:Primａrily，sｅlf－oｒiｅｎtationmatｔerｓｔhemostwhｅｎitcoｍesｔoaissueｌikethｉｓ.Obｖiouｓｌｙ,thｅmaiｎtaskofvocationalｃollegeiｓｃｕltivatinｇhumanresourｃewitｈpｒacticａｌcapability.Insｔead，ｕniｖeｒsityserveｓａsthecradleｏｆaｃademicresearcｈｅrｓiｎｄifferentarｅas．Therｅfore,ｂｅiｎgaｗａｒｅofyouｒｓｅｌf－eｘpeｃtatioｎwitｈaclｅaｒfuturｅblueprｉntlａｙｓafoundａt(yī)ionfoｒtｈisimｐortaｎtdｅcisiｏn.Apartｆｒｏｍwhathasbｅeｎmｅntiｏneｄabｏｖｅ,ｐersｏnａliｎｔｅrestalsｏplayｓakｅyrｏleiｎｉt.Forｂｏtｈｐasｓionanｄmotivatiｏnarｅderiｖedfrominterest,whｉchｎｏtonlｙdecidehｏｗfａryoucanｒeａcｈacａｄｅｍicalｌyａndproｆeｓsionallybutalｓohoｗｈapｐyaｎdfulｆｉｌlｅdｙｏuｗillbｅ．Tosumuｐ,ａcｌｅarrecoｇnｉtionofseｌforienｔationanｄpｅrsoｎａlinterestwiｌldecideｗhｅthｅryｏuｗillticｋｔheｂｏxｏfvocatiｏnａｌcollegｅｏrｕniveｒsitｙ.Onlyinｔhiswaｙcanｗegettheｍostoutofthefuｒtherｅduｃation.六級聽力解析:Longconvｅrsaｔioｎ1Ｑ1:BHaviｎｇｆriendlyｃoｌlｅａgｕes解析:原文中前半部分男士說到：“Theｍoｓtｉmpoｒｔａntfactｏrｆｏrｔｈemａjorｉtyｏfｔhｅpｅervｉeweｄwaｓhavｉｎｇfｒｉendly,supporｔivecolｌeagues.”對于大部分接受采訪的人來說，最重要的因素是擁有和諧的、互相支持的同事們。Ｑ2：B20％解析：原文中部男士說到:“Howeｖｅｒ,２0%ofｅｍploｙeeｓdｅｓcｒibedtheｍseｌｖesaｓbeingunhaｐpy.”20%的員工說他們工作得不開心。Q3：Ａthosｅofａsmallsize解析:后半部男士提到:“Fiｒstofall,sｍaｌｌisbeａutiful:ｐeoｐlｅdｅｆiｎitelyｐreｆerwｏrkingｆoraｎiｚatiｏnｓoｒcompaｎiｅswiｔhlｅssｔhan100staff.”一方面小就是好:人們絕對偏愛在少于100人的小公司工作。Q4：CＴheｙｃａnbetterbaｌaｎceｗorkandlife解析：原文中男士說到:“Aｎdwｏrkｅrｓonpart-tiｍeｃoｎtracｔs，whｏonｌywｏrｋ４ｏｒ5houｒsaday,arehａppｉｅrthａntｈｏsｅwｈowｏrkｆull-tｉme.Tｈereseａrchersｃoｎcluｄeｄthattｈisisｐrobabｌydｕeｔoａbｅｔterworｋ-ｌifebaｌanｃe.”天天工作4、5個小時的兼職人員比全職人員要開心,這也許是由于一種更好的工作與生活之間的平衡。Lｏnｇcoｎversａt(yī)ioｎ2Ｑ５:DItisaｃollecｔｉｏｎofphotos.解析：原文前部分男士提到:“Iｎ2０２3,whenｔheconｃertｈallofthｅcityoｆBrugｅsaskedmeｔoｔakesomepictｕresforacａｔａlｏgueforaｎeｗｃoｎceｒtsｅasonarounｄthｅtｈｅmeofwateｒ.”在2０23年,布魯日城市音樂廳請我?guī)退麄兺戤呉粋€以水為主題的攝影系列。所以這本書是一個攝影系列。Q6:CWhenｔaｋiｎgpicturｅｓｆorａcｏnｃｅrtcatalｏguｅ．解析:原文前部分男士提到：“In２0２3，whentｈeconｃerthalｌｏｆthecｉtyofBrｕgesａｓkedmeｔotakesｏｍepｉｃturｅsｆoｒａｃataｌoｇueforanewcｏnｃertseasonarouｎdthethｅmｅofwａt(yī)er.”在2０２3年，布魯日城市音樂廳請我?guī)退麄兺戤呉粋€以水為主題的攝影系列。所以是在拍攝這個系列時產(chǎn)生的靈感。Q７:ATheentireEuropeａncoaｓtlinｅwillbｅsubmｅｒged.解析:原文中部提到：“ItiｓcｌeａrｎowthaｔitisａｍatteｒｏftimeｂeforｅthｅenｔireＥurｏpeanｃoaｓｔｌiｎediｓappｅaｒｓｕnderwatｅr．”很明確,整個歐洲海岸線的消失只是時間的問題，由此判斷出對的答案。Q8:DTｏurｉｓtｓｕsewoodenpathstｏreachtheｉrｈotelｓinthｅmorning.解析：文章結尾提到：“Aｌso,Vｅnice，thｅcityeｔｅrｎaｌlythｒｅaｔｅnedbytheｓea,wherｅｅveｒymｏrningwoodenpatｈwａyshavetｏbeｓetuptoaｌlowtourｉsｔｓtoreａｃｈｔhｅｉrhｏtels．”威尼斯全程都被海洋威脅著,天天早上人們都要搭上木橋,游客們才干順利到達旅館。Passａｇｅ1Q9:Ctｈｅysｐeｎｄtoｏmuchtimｅanticipatinｇtheiｒdeｆeat解析:原文第一句說到:“Whｅnｆacinganewｓｉtｕａt(yī)ion,somepeｏpｌｅｔendｔoｒehearｓetheiｒdefeatbｙspenｄinｇtｏomuchｔimeanticipａt(yī)inｇｔｈeworsｔ.”當面臨新的挑戰(zhàn),人們總花很多時間去想最壞的情況。由此得出對的答案。Ｑ10:ＤＴhｉnkinghａｓthesameefｆectｏnthｅｎervousｓystemaｓdoing解析：原文提到：“RｅsｅａｒchｃonduｃtedatStaｎfordUniveｒsitｙshoｗsameｎｔａliｍａgefiｒeｓｔｈenervesysteｍtheｓaｍeｗayasacｔuａｌlydoingsomethｉng.”斯坦福大學發(fā)布的研究表白，心理暗示對神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)作用巨大，會最終導致同樣的結果。Ｑ11:ＣＰiｃtuｒethemselvesｓucceｅdinｇ解析：由文中年輕律師成功的例子得出對的答案。Q1２:BShewonhｅrfirsｔjｕryｔraｉl解析:根據(jù)文中年輕律師成功的例子得出對的答案。Paｓsaｇｅ2Q13:CIｔｈelpsｐeｏpletoaｖoidｄevelｏpiｎgｂｒeastｃanｃeｒ解析:文章前部分提到:“Tellｉｎgtｈemthateａt(yī)ｉngｌotsofｈｉgh-fiberfｏodscoulｄredｕcetheriｓkoｆｂreａｓtcancerbｅｆorｅmｉddleage.”攝入大量高纖維食品合一減少中年時期患乳腺癌的概率。Q14:DＩtｔrackedtheireatinghaｂitssiｎceｔheiradolescencｅ解析:文章中間提到：“Ｉtｔurｎsoutｔhaｔthoｓewhoconsuｍedthehｉｇheｓtleｖeｌsoffｉｂerｄuringadｏlescencehaｄaｌoｗeｒｒiskofdeveｌｏpingｂreaｓｔｃancer.”研究發(fā)現(xiàn)青春期攝入越多纖維的女性在未來患乳腺癌的概率越低。所以答案是這項研究從她們青春期開始追蹤的。Q1５：AFｉｂermaｙheｌptorｅducehormｏnｅsintｈebｏdy解析:文章后半部分提到：“Thｅfindiｎgpｏiｎｔｓtolong－stａｎdｉnｇevidenceｔｈaｔｆibｅｒmaｙreｄuceciｒｃulａt(yī)iｎgfemａlehｏrｍonelevels，”研究表白長期實驗的證據(jù)表白纖維可以減少女性體內(nèi)的荷爾蒙。Lｅｃtｕｒe1Q16:ＢCondｕcｔingrｅｓeａｒchoncｏnsumerbeｈａｖｉｏｕr解析：原文第一句提到:“Wellmycurreｎtresearchiｓrｅaｌlyａboutconsｕmerbehavｉoｒ.”最近我在關注消費者行為這個課題。Q17：DＩtisanactｏfｓocialiｓｔing解析：文章中部提到：“OnｅofｔhetｈｉnｇstｈatI＇veidenｔiｆiedistｈatｄrinkｉｎgｆoｒpeoplesaｙbｅtweenｔheagesof1８ａnd24ｉsａlｌabouｔthesoｃｉalaｃtivity.”我的一項發(fā)現(xiàn)是年齡在18至24歲的人喝酒是出于社交因素。Q1８：ATheyｓpentaｗｅｅkstｕｄyiｎgtheiｒownpｕrchａsiｎgｂaｈaｖiｏuｒ.解析：文章最后提到：“l(fā)astyearｍystudenｔsｓpentａweｅkｌookiｎgatthｅirowｎｐurchasingandanalｙzeditindｅtaiｌfromshoｐpｉｎgｔotｈeｒelａｔｉoｎshipthａｔtｈeyhaｖeｗiththｅiｒrｅｔａilｂanｋsａｎdtｈeｉrmｏbilｅｐhoneｐroｖideｒs．”去年我的學生花了一周時間去關注、分析他們的購物情況,以及他們和銀行、手機制造商的關系。Lecｔuｒｅ2Q1９:ＤItislikelytogｉveｕppａpｅrmoｎｅｙintheneａrfuturｅ解析:在聽力原文中說到ＳwedenwasthefiｒstＥｕroｐeanｃｏｕntrytopriｎｔａｎdusepapermｏneｙ，butiｔmayｓoonｄoａwaywｉthpｈysｉcａlｃｕｒreｎcｉes．瑞典是歐洲第一個印刷并使用紙幣的國家，但也許不久就會停止使用。Q2０:Cｗhｅｔｈertｈeabseｎceofphysicａlcuｒrｅncycaｕseｓａpersｏntｏｓpendmｏｒe解析：在聽力原文中說到Barｒettwantedｔofinｄoutiｆtｈeabsｅnｃeofphysicalcｕrrｅncｙdｏeｓindｅedcaｕｓeapersｏntospendmｏｒｅ,soshedeｃiｄｅdtoconｄuctaｎeｘｐerimentafewｍoｎthsago.Ｂarｒett想知道不帶鈔票是否會導致人們花更多的錢,所以幾個月前她決定做一個實驗。Q21:Ctｈerestaurantｃaｒacｃｅｐtedcashonlｙ解析:在聽力原文中說到Ｏnthewａy,thereｗasaｎａnnｏｕncemeｎtｔhａt(yī)therestauｒaｎtcarｗasｎotcurrｅntlyacceptｉngｃreditcaｒds.Ｔheｔraincａｒｓwerefillｅdｗiｔｈｇroansｂecaｕseｍａnyofthepａsseｎｇersｗeｒetraveｌｉngwitｈoｕｔcasｈ．在火車上,她發(fā)現(xiàn)餐車不接受信用卡消費,結果車上便充滿了呻吟由于很多乘客都沒有帶鈔票。Q22:ABypｕttｉnｇiｎtoenvｅｌopes解析：在聽力原文中說到Mypａｒents,wheｎtheywereyounger,uｓedtobｕdgetｂypuｔｔinｇmonｅyｉｎtoenveｌopｅs—they'dgetpaｉdandtheｙ'diｍｍediaｔelｙseparaｔetｈｅcasｈinｔｏpilesandputｔheminｅnveloｐｅs,sｏtheykｎｅwwhatthｅyhaｄｔospendｗeｅkbｙweｅk．我父母那一代，當他們年輕的時候,他們會把錢放進信封里來做預算。當他們拿到工資后,他們便立馬把鈔票分為幾份并放進信封，這樣他們就能知道每周要花多少錢。Lectuｒe３Q23:ＢChrｏmehuｎger解析：原文提到:“Solet’ｓｓtarｔwithaｆｅｗｐrｏｂｌems.Rightnow,ａbillionpeopleａrecｈroｎicaｌlyｈungrｙ.”讓我們先來說幾個問題?，F(xiàn)在有上十億人長期處在饑餓狀態(tài)。Q２４：BAboｕthaｌｆofthｅmaｒeuninteｎdeｄ解析：在聽力原文中說到Aｂｏuthalfoｆallpｒeｇｎanciｅsgloballyareunintｅndｅd．全球有近五成意外受孕。Q25:ＡItiｓessentialtothewellbeinｇofaｌlｓpeciesｏｎearth解析：原文提到：“It’ｓnotｏｎlythestudｙofhｕmanpoｐulatiｏn,ｂuttheｐopulatiｏnsoｆnon-humａnspeｃies.Demograｐhyaｌsoinclｕｄestｈｅｓtudｙofnｏn-ｌiｖingobjｅｃts.”人口記錄學,不僅是關于人類的種群,也關乎于非人類種群，還涉及無生命的對象。由此可見，人口問題對所有物種來說都是必要的。PａrｔIIＩＲeadingcｏmpreｈension（40ｍiｎuｔｅｓ)選詞填空Dirｅcｔｉons：Ｉｎthisseｃtｉoｎ，thereiｓａｐａssageｗithｔenblaｎks.Youarerequｉrｅdtoｓelecｔonｅｗorｄforeachblanｋfromａlisｔoｆchoicesgiveninawoｒdbaｎkfoｌｌoｗiｎgthｅpasｓage.Ｒeａdthepassagetｈroughcaｒefullybefｏｒeｍaｋiｎgyoｕrｃhｏices．Eａchchoiceinｔhebａnkiｓidentiｆｉｅｄｂｙａleｔtｅｒ.PｌeａｓeｍarktheｃorｒｅｓpoｎdinglettｅｒfｏreacｈiｔemonＡｎｓｗｅrＳheet2wｉthasinglethroｕｇｈtheｃｅnter．Yｏｕmaynotusｅanyｏfｔhewｏrdiｎtｈebankｍｏrｅｔhanonce.Leｔ’ｓallsｔoｐjuｄｇingｐeoplewhotalktoｔhemselｖｅｓ.Nｅwreｓeａrchｓaysthatｔhosｅｗｈocaｎ’tｓｅeｍｔokｅｅptheirinnermonolｏgues(獨白)ｉnareactｕaｌlyｍoreｌikｅlyｔｏsｔayｏntask,ｒemain___26__＿ｂetｔeｒandsｈowimproｖedpercepｔｉoｎcapabiliｔies.Notbad,reallｙ,fｏrsｏmｅｅｘｔｒamuｔtｅrinｇ.AccorｄinｇtｏaseriesofexperｉmenｔspubliｓhｅdinthｅQuarterlｙＪournaloｆExperimentａlPsychｏlｏｇｙbyprｏfessorsＧaryLupｙａｎaｎdDaｎielSwigｎｌey，thｅａctofｕsｉngverbaｌｃlueｓto＿__２7___mentａlpictuｒｅsｈeｌｐspeoplefuncｔioｎｑuicｋer.Ｉnoneeｘpｅrｉment,tｈeyshowedpｉｃtuｒesofvａrioｕsobjｅｃtｓtotwenty＿__28___ａndaskｅdｔhemｔofindjｕstoneofｔhｏse,abａnana．Halfweｒe___29___tｏrepｅaｔoutloｕｄｗhattｈｅyｗerｅlｏokingfoｒaｎdtheotheｒhaｌfｋeptthｅirlips＿＿_3０_＿_.Thｏseｗhotａlkedtｏtｈｅmｓｅlvesfouｎdtheｂananaslｉｇhtlｙfastertｈanｔhosｅwhodｉｄn’ｔ,ｔhereｓeaｒchersｓａy.Ｉnｏtｈeｒexpｅrimｅntｓ，LupyａｎａｎdSwignｌeyfouｎdthat__＿31___thenａmeofacｏｍｍoｎｐｒoｄuctwhenonthｅhuｎtｆorｉｔhｅｌｐedｑuickensｏmeｏne’spaｃｅ,buttａlkingaboutuncommonitemsｓｈowedｎｏadvantageａndslowedｙouｄｏwｎ．Cｏmmｏnrｅsｅaｒchhasｌｏnghｅldｔhａｔtaｌｋｉngthemｓｅlvesthrougｈaｔａskhelpsｃhiｌdｒeｎlearn,althougｈdｏｉngsoｗｈenyou’ve__＿３2_＿_matuｒeｄｉｓｎotaｇreatsignｏｆ___3３_＿_Theｔwｏproｆｅｓｓorshｏpｅtoreｆutｅthatidｅａ，_＿_３4___thatｊuｓtaswhenkｉｄswalktheｍsｅlveｓthｒoughaprocess,adulｔscanbenefitfromusinglanｇｕagenｏtjustｔocｏmmunicate，ｂｕtalｓoｔoheｌp“aｕgｍentthｉｎking”.Ｏfcoursｅ,ｙｏuａrestilｌｅncｏurａgedtokeｅpthetalｋiｎｇatlｉbrarｙｔｏneｓａnｄ，whateｖeryｏｕdo,keｅpthｅinｆｏrｍatｉonyｏuｓhａｒeｓiｍpｌｅ,ｌｉkeagrocery

ｌiｓt．Ａｔany_＿_３5_＿_,tｈerｅ’sｓｔilｌsuｃｈathingastｏoｍｕcｈiｎｆormation.A)AppareｎｔlｙＢ)ArrogancｅC）ＢrｉlｌｉaｎceD)ClaiｍinｇE）DeｄｉｃatedF)ＦｏcuseｄＧ)IｎcurH）IｎstruｃｔedI）OｂsｃｕｒelｙＪ)SeaｌedK)speｃtatorsL)TriggｅrM)UtteringN）VｏｌｕmeＯ)Voluｎteｅrs參考答案2６.F)ｆｏｃuｓeｄ２7.L)trｉgｇer28.O)volｕｎteers29.H)instruｃted３０.Ｊ）sealed３1.Ｍ）uｔterｉng32．A)aｐparently33.C)briｌliancｅ34．D）cｌaiｍing35.N)volｕｍe段落匹配[A]ThｅliveｓoｆcｈiｌdreｎfromriｃhaｎdpｏｏrAmericanfaｍｉlieslooｋｍorediffｅreｎtｔhanｔheｙhaveindecａｄes.［B]Wｅlｌ－oｆfｆaｍiliesarerｕledbyｃaｌeｎdars.ｗｉｔhｃhiｌｄrenｅnｒolleｄinｂａlｌet.socceｒandafter－schoolprogrａms,accoｒdingtoanｅwＰewResｅarｃhCentersｕrveyTherearｅusuａｌlｙtwoparents,ｗhoｓpeｎｄａloｔoftimｅreadiｎgtochildrenandworryiｎgａboutｔhｅiranxieｔｙleｖｅlsandhecticsｃhｅｄules［C]Inpｏｏｒｆamiｌies．hoｗｅver．chｉｌdrenteｎdtｏｓpeｎdtheiｒtｉmeａt(yī)hｏmeoｒwiｔhextendedfamilｙ.ｔｈｅｓｕrveｙfｏunｄTheyaｒｅmｏreｌikｅｌytｏgrｏwupｉnnｅighborhoｏdsthattｈｅirparenｔsｓayａren'tgreatfｏrｒaｉsingchｉldｒen．a(chǎn)nd

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upbriｎgiｎgsｓｅtchildｒｅnondiｆferenｔpatｈsandcａnｄeepensocｉoeconomｉcdｉvisions.EｓｐeciａllｙbｅcaｕseｅｄucaｔｉｏnisｓtronglyｌｉnkeｄｔoｅaｒniｎgｓＣhildｒengrowupｌearnｉngｔheskillsｔoｓucceedintheirｓocioｅｃoｎomiｃsｔｒatuｍ.ｂuｔｎotｎeceｓsａriｌｙothers［E]"Earlyｃhildhoodexpｅrieｎcesｃanbeveｒyｃonsｅqueｎtialforｃhildren＇sｌｏnｇ－ｔeｒｍsociａｌ,ｅmｏtionａlanｄcoｇnitiveｄeveloｐmeｎt."saiｄSeanF．ReａｒfessoｒofｐｏveｒtyaｎdineqｕaliｔyｉnｅduｃationatＳtaｎｆｏｒdUniversｉty-Aｎdbecausethosｅinfｌueｎcｅeduｃatｉｏｎａlsｕccesｓaｎdｌａｔeｒearnings．ｅarｌychiｌdhoｏdeｘpｅrienｃescasｔalifelｏngshadow＂Theｃyclecoｎｔｉnueｓ：Ｐooreｒpａrentｓhaveｌｅｓstimeandfewｅrresｏurcestoiｎveｓtinｔheｉrｃｈildren．wｈicｈcａｎｌeavecｈｉldrenleｓsｐreｐaredfｏrｓchoolaｎdwork.wｈichｌeaｄstｏｌowｅｒeａrnings[F]Americanpａrｅntswantsimilartｈingsfｏrｔｈeirchildｒen,thePｅwreporｔanｄｐasｔｒｅseaｒchhａvｅfｏｕnd:forｔｈeｍtoｂehｅａlｔhyanｄｈａpｐｙ,ｈｏnestandeｔhical,ｃａriｎganｄcoｍｐａｓsioｎaｔｅＴhereｉsnoｂesｔparｅｎtｉnｇstｙleorpｈｉlosophy，rｅsｅarｃｈerssay,andacrosｓincoｍｅgｒｏups,９2ｐercentoｆpａrｅｎｔssayｔheｙaredoingａgoｏdjobａt(yī)ｒａisｉｎgthｅｉrchiｌdrｅｎ.YetｔheyaredoｉngitqｕitedｉfｆereｎtlyMｉdｄlｅ－ｃlassａndhigheｒ－ｉｎｃomeparentsseethｅirchildrenasprojeｃｔｓiｎnｅedoｆcarefulcuｌｔivaｔｉｏn,sayｓAnnｅtｔeＬaｒeau,aUniｖersitｙofPennsylvaｎia

ｓoｃｉｏlogistｗhosegoｕndｂreａｋiｎｇresｅarchonthｅｔｏpicwaspublishedinｈｅrｂook"ＵnｅquａlCｈildhoods：Clａss,RａｃｅandFamilyLife＂Ｔhｅyｔｒytoｄeveloｐtheirｓkillsthroughcｌosesuｐerviｓionandorgaｎiｚeｄａcｔｉvitｉes，andteachchiｌdrentoquｅstiｏnauthｏriｔｙfiguresandｎavigａt(yī)eeliteiｎｓtｉｔutｉｏns.[Ｇ]Ｗorkｉnｇ－clａｓspaｒeｎｔｓ，meanｗｈilｅ，belieｖeｔheirchildrｅｎｗilｌnａt(yī)urａllythrｉvｅ,anｄgiveｔhemfarｇreaterindeｐｅnｄenｃeandtimeforfreeplayＴheyａｒeｔaｕghttobecompｌiantａnddeferenｔialtoadultsTｈeｒeａｒｅbenefitsｔobｏthapｐroachesWorｋing－classｃｈilｄrｅnarｅｈappier,ｍoｒｅindeｐendｅnｔ,ｗhinelessandarｅcloserwitｈfamilymｅmbｅrs,MsLａｒeauｆｏundＨｉgheｒ-incomechildｒenaremorelikelytoｄｅｃlａreborｅｄomanｄexpeｃttｈeirparenｔstosｏlｖetheｉｒｐroｂｌemｓYetlateron,tｈｅmoreaffｌｕeｎtcｈiｌdrｅｎenｄupiｎcollegeandenrouｔetothemiｄdlｅclass,whiｌｅwｏrｋing－classｃhiｌdrentendtostrugｇｌeＣhildrenfrｏｍhigher-iｎcomｅfaｍiｌieｓarelikelytohavetheskiｌlstｏnaｖigａt(yī)ebuｒeaucｒaｃiesandsuｃceedｉnｓchoolsandｗｏrkpｌａcｅs,Ｍｓ．Laｒeａusａiｄ[Ｈ]"Doallparentswantthemｏstsucｃｅssfortｈeｉrchildｒen？Absｏlutelｙ，"ｓhesaｉd"Dosomestrategiesｇivecｈildreｎmoreａdvａnｔaｇｅｓthanｏｔhersiniｎstituｔｉons?ＰrobａｂｌytｈeydｏWilｌparenｔｓbeｄａmａgiｎgcｈｉldｒenifthｅyｈaveonefewｅｒorganizｅdaｃtivity?No，Irｅａllydoubtｉt"[I］Sociａlscientiｓtssａytheｄｉfｆｅrencesarisｅiｎpａrtｂecausｅｌｏw-inｃoｍｅparentsｈaveｌessmoneytoｓｐｅnｄｏｎmuｓicclassorｐreｓcｈoｏl,aｎdｌeｓsfleｘｉｂｌｅｓchedｕlestotaｋecｈｉldreｎｔｏmuseumsｏraｔtendschooｌeventsExｔｒaｃurriｃulａｒaｃtivitｉeｓｅpitｏmｉｚｅtheｄiffeｒencesinｃhildrearingｉｎthePewｓurvey,wｈichｗasoｆanaｔiｏnallyrepresenｔativｅsamplｅofl,8０7pareｎtｓＯffａmilieseaｒningｍorethan$75,０00ａyeaｒ,８４peｒｃentsaytheｉrcｈｉldｒenhａvepａｒticipaｔedinｏrganizeｄｓportsoveｒｔhepａstyｅar,64perceｎtｈavedonevoｌuｎteerworｋａnd62pｅｒcｅntｈａvｅｔakｅnlessｏnsiｎmuｓiｃ,ｄａnｃｅoraｒｔOfｆamｉliesearｎinglｅsｓｔhan$30,０00,５9ｐercｅntoｆchｉldrenhavedoｎeｓｐｏrｔs，3７percenthaｖevoｌunteｅreｄand4１perceｎtｈavｅtakｅnａrtsclasseｓ[J］Esｐｅｃialｌyinafｆluenｔfamiｌies,cｈiｌdｒeｎstaｒtyoungＮearlyhalfofｈｉgh-eaｒning，ｃoｌlege-grａduａt(yī)epａｒentsenrｏｌｌｅｄthｅiｒchildｒeninａrｔｓｃlaｓｓｅｓbｅforｅthｅywerｅ５,comparｅdwiｔhone-fiｆｔｈoflow-iｎcome,ｌｅｓs-eｄucatedpａrｅnｔs.Nonetｈelｅｓs,2０ｐercentofwelｌ-offpａｒenｔssaytheirchildren'ssｃｈｅｄulesaｒetoohectｉｃ,compaｒedｗith8ｐeｒcｅntofｐoｏｒerpaｒents.［K]Anothereｘaｍpｌeisrｅａdｉｎgaloud,whiｃhstuｄiｅshaveｓｈｏwｎgiveschiｌdreｎbiggeｒvoｃabulariｅｓandｂetteｒreadingcoｍｐrｅhenｓioninｓchoｏlＳeｖｅnty-onepercentoｆparｅｎｔswｉthacｏlｌegedｅｇreesaytheydoiｔeverｙｄay,comｐarｅdwｉｔh３3peｒcentofthｏsｅｗitｈａｈｉghｓchｏｏldｉploｍaorｌess,PｅwfoundＷｈｉｔeparenｔsarｅmｏrelikelytｈａnotherstorｅadｔｏtheiｒchｉｌdｒendaily，aｓarｅｍａｒrｉｅdpａrentsMosｔafflｕentparｅnｔｓenrollｔｈｅirchildreninpresｃhoolordaｙcare,whilelｏw－iｎcｏmepａrentsareｍorelｉkｅｌyｔodｅｐendoｎfamilymeｍbｅrsDisciplｉnetｅchniquｅsｖarｙbｙeducatiｏnlevel:8perｃｅｎtofｔhoｓewｉthａpoｓtgradｕatｅdｅgreesaｙtheyoftｅｎspａnkｔhｅiｒchiｌdｒen,comｐarｅdwiｔh22peｒcentoｆthosewｉtｈahiｇｈｓcｈooldｅgreeorlｅｓｓ［L]Tｈesurveyalｓｏprobedattiｔｕdｅsaｎｄａnxieties.Interestingly，parents＇attiｔudｅstoｗａrdeducationdoｎotsｅｅｍtorｅfleｃttheｉｒcａt(yī)iｏnalbackgroundasmuchasabelｉeｆintheimporｔanceｏｆedｕcatioｎfoｒupwardmobｉlityＭosｔＡmerｉｃａnｐaｒentssaytheyarenotｃonｃeｒnedabouｔtheｉｒchiｌdrｅn'sgrａdｅsasloｎgaｓｔhｅyworkhardBut5０pｅｒcentofpｏorparenｔsｓaｙitiｓextｒemelｙimｐortanttｏｔｈemthaｔtheiｒchildrenearｎacolｌeｇｅdｅgree,compaｒedｗith3９peｒcentofｗｅalthiｅrｐarｅnts[Ｍ］Lｅss-educatedparentｓ,aｎdｐｏoｒｅranｄblaｃkaｎdＬatinoｐarentsaｒeｍoreｌｉｋeｌｙtoｂeliｅveｔhatｔheｒeiｓｎosuchｔｈiｎｇａstoomｕchinｖｏlvemｅntinachilｄ＇ｓｅduｃatioｎＰarｅntswhoarewｈiｔe,ｗealthｙorｃollｅｇe－eｄｕcatｅdｓayｔooｍucｈiｎvolvementcanbｅbadPaｒeｎtaｌａnxｉｅｔieｓrefleｃｔtｈeircircuｍstanｃesHｉgh-eaｒningｐａrentsaremuｃhｍoｒelikelｙtosayｔhｅyliveinagoodnｅｉｇhｂoｒhoodforraisｉnｇchildｒｅnWhｉlebullyingiｓparｅnｔs:greatestcoｎceｒnｏveｒall,ｎｅarlyhalfoflow－incoｍepareｎtswｏrrytheｉrcｈildｗiｌlgetshoｔ，comparｅｄwitｈonｅ-fifthoｆhigh-incomｅｐarentsTheｙarｅmoreworｒiｅdａboｕｔtheｉrcｈildreｎbｅingdｅpresｓedorａnxiｏus[Ｎ］InthePeｗsuｒvey,middle-classｆａmｉliｅsｅaｒniｎgbetween$30,000aｎd$75，000ayearfellrｉghtbeｔweenwoｒｋinｇ-ｃlaｓsaｎｄhigh－eａｒnｉｎgparｅntsoｎｉssueslｉketheqｕaliｔyoｆtheｉrneighｂorｈoodforrａisingｃhｉｌdrｅn,partiｃｉpａt(yī)ｉonｉnextrａｃurrｉcularactivｉｔiｅsanｄinvolvｅｍｅｎtintheirｃｈildｒen'seｄuｃatioｎ[O]ChildrenwerenｏｔalwayｓｒａisedｓodiffｅｒenｔlｙThｅａchievementｇaｐbeｔｗｅenchildｒeｎｆｒomhigh－ａｎdlｏｗ-inｃｏmefａmilieｓｉs30percｅnｔt040percentlaｒgeramoｎgchiｌdrenｂｏrnin２023ｔhaｎtｈoseboｒn2５yｅａrseａrlier,acｃoｒdｉngtoMrＲearｄon'srｅseａrｃhＰeopleｕseｄtｏliｖｅnearｐeｏpｌeｏfdifferentinｃomｅｌevｅlｓ;neighｂorｈｏodsａｒenoｗmoresｅgregatedbｙincomeＭorｅtｈanaquarｔeｒofcｈildｒｅnliveiｎsinｇle－parenthouseholds-ahｉstｏricｈigh,accordiｎgtoＰew-ａndtｈesecｈildｒenａｒｅthreeｔｉmｅsａslikｅlyｔoｌiveinｐoveｒtyaｓthｏｓewｈoliｖｅwｉthmａrrｉedpaｒentsMｅanwｈile,growiｎｇincomeinｅqualityhascoｉncidedwithｔheincrｅasｉngimportanceofacｏｌleｇedegreeｆorearnｉngamiｄdle－cｌasswage[P]YetthereaｒeｒeceｎtsiｇｎstｈａｔthegapｃouldbestａrｔingtosｈrinｋIｎtheｐａｓtｄｅcａｄe,eｖenasincｏmeineqｕalｉtyhasgroｗn,ｓoｍeofthesocｉoeconomicdifferｅnceｓinｐarｅnting,lｉｋｅreadｉngtochiｌdrenaｎdgoinｇtolibraries，hａvenarrowed36.Ｗｏｒkiｎg-ｃlaｓｓpａｒeｎtsteaｃhｔheiｒcｈｉldrentobeobedientａｎｄshow

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theｉrcｈiｌdｒendesｐｉｔedifferentwaysoｆpareｎｔing．參考答案:Ｆ38.wｈｉlerichpaｒentsａｒｅmoreｃonｃerｎeｄｗiｔhｔheｉrcｈilｄrｅn’spsycholｏgｉcalwell-being,poorparｅｎtsaｒemｏｒewｏrrｉｅdaboｕttheirchｉldｒeｎ’ｓsafｅty.參考答案：C3９.Theincrｅａsiｎgdｉfferencｅsiｎcｈildreａrｉngbetwｅenｒicｈandpｏoｒｆamｉliｅsｒefｌectgroｗinｇsｏcialinequality.參考答案：Ｄ4０.Ｐareｎｔingaｐｐｒoachesofwｏrkｉng-classａndaｆfｌuentfamiｌiesbotｈｈaveａdvanｔaｇes.參考答案:G41．Highｅｒ-iｎcoｍeｆamｉliesａndworkｉng－clａsｓｆａmiｌiestendtoliveｉndiｆfｅrenｔｎeｉghｂoｒhoods．參考答案:M42.Ｐhｙsicａｌpuｎiｓhmentisusedmuchlessbywｅll-eｄuｃatedparｅntｓ．參考答案:K４3．Ｍs.Larｅaudoｅsn’ｔbelievepａrticipatｉnginｆeｗｅrafter-cｌａssactiｖｉtieｓｗｉllｎegaｔivelｙaffeｃtchｉldｒｅn’sdｅvelopｍｅnt.參考答案：H４4．Weaｌthyｐarenｔsａreconceｒnedabｏｕｔtheｉrchildrｅｎ’smentalｈｅａlthandbusyｓcheｄules.參考答案：B4５.Somesocioeｃｏｎｏmicdｉfferencｅｓinchildrearinghaveｓhrunkinｔhepasｔｔenyｅars.參考答案:P仔細閱讀Questｉoｎs46ｔ０50ａｒebasｅdonthｅfoｌloｗinｇpasｓaｇｅ.Openｄatａ-sharerｓareｓtilｌintｈemiｎorityinmaｎyfｉｅlｄs,Ａlthouｇhmａnyｒｅscarechersｂrｏadlyagreethａt(yī)pｕｂlicａccｅｓｓtoｒawｄａt(yī)awoulｄａcｃelｅrａｔeｓcｉencｅ-ｂecausｅothｅｒscientistsmiｇｈtbeabletｏmａkｅaｄvancesnoｔfoｒeseｅnbythedatａ＇sproducｅｒs-mｏsｔarｅrelucｔanｔtｏｐosttherｅｓulｔｓoｆtheｉrｏwnlaboursoｎlｉnｅ(seeNａt(yī)ure461,１6０-1６3;20２3）ＷhenWoｌkovｉch,forinstａｎｃe,wenｔhuntingｆoｒtｈedataｆromthe５0studiesｉｎhｅrmeta－anaｌysis,only8dataseｔswereavａilablｅｏnliｎe,ａndmａnyofｔheｒesearchｅｒswhｏmｓhee－maileｄrｅfusedtｏｓhａrｅtheirwｏｒｋForcedｔｏｅxtractdatafromtablｅsorflgureｓinpublications,Wolkovich'sｔeａmｃｏuｌdcondｕcｔoｎlylimitｅｄａnａlyｓｅsSoｍecomｍunｉtieshavｅagreeｄｔoshareｏｎliｎｅ－geｎetｉcists，foreｘａmple，pｏstDNAｓequｅｎceｓaｔthｅGeｎＢａnkrｅpｏsitｏｒy，andastroｎomｅrsａrｅａccuｓｔomeｄｔoaccessingimagesofgalaxiesandstarsfrｏm,say,thｅSloanDiｇitaｌSｋySｕrvey,atｅｌescｏpetｈatｈasobｓerｖedｓｏme５00ｍiｌlｉoｎobjects-butｔｈesｅｒeｍaintheeｘcｅption,noｔｔheruｌeHiｓｔorｉcally，scientｉｓtshaveｏbjｅctedｔoshariｎgformanyreasonｓ:itisａlotofｗork；untｉlｒecentｌｙ,gｏoddaｔａbasesｄiｄnoｔexist;gｒantfunderswｅreｎoｔpushｉngｆorshaｒing;ｉthasbeｅｎdｉｆficｕltｔｏａgreｅonsｔandardsfoｒformaｔｔiｎgdaｔａａnｄthecｏntextｕaliｎfｏrmationcａlleｄmetadata;andthereisnoａgreedｗaytoａssｉgncreｄiｔfoｒdａt(yī)ａButｔhebaｒrierｓaredisａppｅariｎgｉnｐartbｅｃａusejournａlsaｎdfundiｎgageｎciｅsworldｗiｄeaｒeencoｕraginｇscientiｓｔsｔomakethｅirdataｐｕblic.Lastyｅaｒ,ｔheRｏyalSoｃiｅtyiｎLondonｓaidiｎitsreｐortSｃｉenｃeasanOpeｎEntｅrpｒｉsetｈａt(yī)scienｔｉｓtsneｅdtoｓhiftawayfrｏmarｅsｅarchcｕltｕｒewherｅｄａt(yī)ａｉsvｉeｗｅｄａｓprｉcateprｅｓerve＂Fuｎdiｎgａgencieｓnoｔｅtｈａt(yī)dａt(yī)apaidforwithpubｌｉｃmｏｎeｙsｈｏulｄbｅpuｂlｉcinforｍatioｎ,andtheｓcientifｉmuｎityisreｃｏgｎizinｇthatｄatacaｎnowbesｈａreddigitａllｙinwaysｔhatｗerenotpｏssｉblebefｏrｅＴｏmatchthegroｗiｎgdemaｎd，seｒviｃesarｅspｒinｇinguｐｔomakeiteaｓiｅrｔopｕbliｓｈrｅｓearchｐroductsｏｎlｉneａndenableoｔｈｅrresｅarｃｈerstodiscoveraｎdｃitethemAlthoｕｇheｘｈortatｉonstoｓhａreｄａt(yī)aoｆteｎconcentrateｏｎthemoralａdｖantagｅsｏfshaｒｉng，thｅｐｒacticｅiｓnｏｔｐｕrelyaltruｉstiｃRｅｓeaｒcherswhoｓharｅｇｅｔpｌｅnｔyofpeｒsoｎalbenefｉｔs.incluｄｉｎgmoreｃoｎnectｉonswｉthcｏlleaｇueｓ,impｒoｖedviｓｉbｉｌiｔyandincｒeasedciｔaｔｉonｓThemostｓｕccessfuｌsharｅrｓ-thosewhｏsｅdａｔaareｄowｎｌoａｄｅdaｎｄcitedtｈｅmｏｓtｏften-gｅｔnoticed,ａndtheirworkgｅtsusｅdFoｒexaｍplｅ,oneofthｅmｏｓtpoｐｕlａrdａｔaｓeｔsonmｕltiｄisciplinａｒｙreｐositｏrｙＤｒｙadisaboutwoｏddｅnsｉtyaｒouｎdtｈeworld；ｉtｈaｓbeendownloadｅd5,700times.Cｏ－authorAｍｙＺannｅ,ａｂiｏｌogisｔaｔGeoｒgeWashinｇtonUｎｉversｉtyinWasｈinｇtonDC,thinkｓthatｕsersｐrobablｙraｎｇefrｏｍｃlimaｔｅ-chaｎgeresｅarｃherswaｎtｉｎgtoeｓｔiｍatｅhowmｕchcarboniｓｓtoｒedinｂioｍasｓ，ｔoforestersloｏkｉｎgｆorｉnformａt(yī)ｉonondifｆｅreｎtgradｅsof'tｉmｂeｒ"Iwouldmuｃhpｒefeｒｔoｈavemydaｔausedbｙthemaｘimumｎuｍｂeroｆｐeopｌeｔｏaskthｅirownqueｓtionｓ，"shesays"It'ｓimpｏｒtanｔtoallｏwreａｄｅｒsaｎｄreviewerstoseeexａctlyｈoｗyouａrriveａt(yī)ｙourresultsPublｉshingｄａt(yī)ａandｃodｅallｏwsyourscienceｔobereproducibｌe"4６Whatdｏmanyreｓeａrcheｒsgenerallyａccｅpt?AＩtisiｍｐｅrativetoprotestｓｃｉeｎtisｔ'paｔeｎtsBＲeposｉtoriｅｓareeｓsentiａltoｓcｉentｉtleresearcｈCＯpｅndaｔasｈarinｇismosｔimpｏrtanttomediｃaｌscienceD.Opeｎdａt(yī)aｓｈaringiscoｎduciｖｅtoｓcientiｆicａｄvaｎｃemｅnｔ47Ｗhatiｓｔｈeattｉtudeｏfmｏstrｅsｅａrchｅrstｏwａｒdｓｍakiｎgtheｉｒoｗｎdatapublic?ＡＯｐposｅdＢAmbｉgｕousCLibｅrａlＤＮeuｔral4８Accｏrdinｇtothepaｓsａge,ｗｈatmｉｇｈthinderoｐeｎdatashａring＂ATheｆearofmａssivecopyingＢThｅlaｃkofａreｓｅaｒchcｕltureC.ThebeliｅｆｔhatresacｒchisｐｒivaｔｅintelｌeｃtuａlpｒoｐerｔyD.Theｃoncｅｒnthatcertａinagｅｎcｉｅｓmaymakeaproｆitoutｏfｉt４9Whａt(yī)ｈｅｌｐslｉfｔｓoｍeｏｆｔhebarrierｓtｏopendatａshaｒｉng?AThｅevｅr－groｗｉnｇdemaｎdｆoｒbｉgｄａｔaBThｅadｖantａgeoｆｄｉｇitaltecｈｎoloｇyCTｈecｈangingattitudｅofjournaｌsandｆｕｎders.DＴhetrenｄofsociaｌａndecｏnoｍicｄeveｌｏｐmenｔ.５0Dryａdｓeｒｖeｓasａneｘaｍpｌeｔoｓhｏwhowｏpeｎdataｓhaｒing__＿AisｂecomingｉncｒｅａsiｎglｙpｏpulaｒBbｅneｆｉtsｓｈaresandusersalｉkeＣmａkesreseaｒcheｒssｕccessfｕlDsaｖesbotｈmoｎｅｙａndlａboｒPaｓsageｔwoQuestioｎ５1t０５5arｅbaseｄoｎtｈｅｆoｌloｗingpassage．Beginｎiｎｇinthelａｔesixtｅenｔhcentｕry，iｔbecamefashioｎabｌeforyｏungａrｉstoｃｒatstovisitEｕroｐｅａｎdabovｅaｌlRome，ａsthecuｌmination(終極）oftheircｌcaｔionＴｈuｓｔheｉｄｅaoftheＧrａndTourwａｓborｎ,ａpｒacｔｉcewhichintroduceｄEngliｓhmen,Ｇｅｒmaｎs,Sｃaｎdiｎａｖians,andalsoAmｅricansｔoｔｈｅartaｎdcｕｌtｕrｅofFｒanｃｅandIｔalyｆorｔｈenext3０0yeａrs.Tｒａvelwａsａrduouｓandｃｏｓtｌythrouｇhouttheｐeriod.poｓsibleonｌyforapriviｌegeｄcｌasｓthesａｍeｔhatproduｃｅdｇentlｅｍｅnscienｔistsａｕthｏrsａnｔiqueexpｅrtsaｎdpaｔronsoftｈearｔｓ.TheGraｎdToｕristwasｔyｐicallyａyoungmanwithatｈor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