2023年考研英語(yǔ)真題及解析優(yōu)質(zhì)資料

２0２３年全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)（一）試題ＳeｃtｉonⅠUsｅofＥngｌｉshDirectｉｏｎs:Ｒeadthefolｌowingtext.Choｏｓｅthｅbｅstｗord（s）foreaｃhｎumbｅrｅdblankandｍarkA,B,CorDonＡＮＳWEＲSＨＥEＴ１.（1０points)Aｓmaｎyｐeoplehitｍｉddleａge,tｈeyｏｆtenstarttonoticethatｔheｉｒmｅｍoryanｄmentalｃlａriｔｙarｅnotwhａt(yī)thｅyuseｄｔobe.Ｗｅsudｄｅnlｙcａn'tremｅmbｅr１wepｕｔｔhekeyｓjuｓtamomeｎtaｇo,oraｎolｄaｃquaｉntａｎｃe'ｓname,ｏrthｅnameｏfａｎｏlｄbandweｕsｅｄtｏlovｅ.Ａsthｅbrａｉｎ２,werefeｒｔotｈｅseoｃcurrencesas"seniormoments."3sｅe(cuò)mｉｎｇlyｉｎnocent，tｈiｓlｏｓsofmentalfocusｃａnpｏteｎtiaｌlyhａvea(an）４impaｃtｏnｏuｒｐroｆｅssｉonal,ｓociaｌ，andpersｏnａl5.Neuroｓcientisｔs,expｅrtｓwhｏstｕdythenｅｒvｏussｙstem,areincreａsｉnｇlyｓｈowiｎgthaｔｔｈerｅ'sactuallyａlottｈatcaｎbedone.Ｉt６ouｔtｈａt(yī)ｔhebrａｉnnｅｅdseｘｅrciseiｎmuｃhthesamｅｗayourmuscｌesｄｏ,andｔheｒｉｇhtmenｔal7cansｉgnificａnｔlyimproｖeoｕrｂaｓiccoｇnｉｔivｅ8.Thinkｉngiseｓｓｅntiallya9ｏfmaｋｉngconnectionsｉnthｅbrain．Toacertainｅｘteｎt,ｏｕrａbilityto１0ｉnｍａｋingthｅconnｅctｉｏnsthatdriｖｅllｉｇｅｎceisinherited.１1，ｂecauseｔhｅseconnectiｏnｓａｒemadetｈroｕｇheｆｆｏrｔaｎdprａcticｅ,sｃiｅｎtistsｂeliｅvethatiｎtｅlｌｉｇencｅcａnexｐandａnｄfluｃtｕａt(yī)e12meｎtaleffort.Ｎｏw，anewWeb-bａｓｅpanｙhａstakeｎitａsｔep1３anｄdeveloｐedtｈefｉｒｓｔ＂bｒａiｎtrainｉngｐｒograｍ"ｄesignedtoactuａｌlｙhelppeoｐleｉmｐroｖeandreｇainｔheirmentａｌ1４．ＴｈeWeb-baｓeｄpｒogｒａm１5yｏutoｓyｓtematicaｌlyiｍprｏveyｏuｒｍemoryａnｄattｅｎtionskills.Theｐｒogｒａmkeeps16ofｙgresｓandprovideｓｄetａｉledfeedｂack１7yourpｅrfｏrmanceandimpｒｏveｍｅｎt.Mostimｐｏrtaｎtly,it18modｉfｉesandｅnhａｎcesｔhegaｍesyouｐlayto19ontｈestreｎｇtｈsyouａredｅveloｐinｇ--mｕchlikea(n)20exeｒｃｉseroutinerequiｒesyoutｏincreasｅreｓisｔanceａｎｄvaryyourmuscleuse.1.?［A]whｙ［B]whｅn[C]tｈat[D］ｗｈere2．[A]imprｏｖes［B]ｆａdes［C]coｌlapses[D]recovｅrｓ3.[A]Wｈｉle[Ｂ]Unleｓs[C]Oｎｃe[Ｄ]Ｉｆ４.[A］uneveｎ［Ｂ］limiｔｅd[Ｃ]dａｍaging[D]obsｃure5.[A]rｅlatｉｏnshｉp［B]environｍent[C]wellbeｉng[Ｄ]ｏutlook6.[A］turns[Ｂ]ｆinds[C]ｐｏｉnｔs[D］figurｅｓ7．[A]ｒeｓpoｎses[B]roundaｂouts[C]worｋｏuts[D]ａssocｉatiｏns8．［A]geｎre［B]cｒiｔｅrioｎ[Ｃ]ciｒcumｓtances[D]fuｎctiｏｎs9.[A]chaｎｎel[B]ｐroｃeｓs[C]sequence［D］conｄition1０．［Ａ]exceｌ[B]ｆeaｔure[Ｃ]perｓｉｓt[D]bｅlieve11.[A]Hoｗever[B］Morｅｏｖｅr［C]Otherwiｓe[D]Thｅrefore１２．[A］insteadof［Ｂ]rｅgarｄlesｓof［C]ａpartfrom[Ｄ］acｃordｉnｇｔo13．[A]baｃk［B］furｔｈｅr[C]aｓide[D]around14．［A]fraｍewoｒk［B]stabｉlｉｔy［C]ｓｈarpnｅss[D]flexｉbility１５.［Ａ］ｈurrｉes[B]ｒeminds[C]forces［D]allows16.[A]order[B]traｃk［C]ｈold[Ｄ]pａce1７．［A]ｔo［B]oｎ[C]for[D］wiｔｈ18.[A]constantlｙ[Ｂ]hａbituａｌly［C]irｒegularlｙ[D]unusually１9．[A］caｒry[B]put[C]builｄ[D]tａｋｅ20.[A］rｉsky[B]famiｌiar[C]ｉｄle[D］effecｔivｅSｅctionⅡReadingComｐｒehensｉonPaｒtADirecｔｉonｓ:Readthefolｌoｗingfｏuｒtextｓ.AｎsｗertｈequestｉonsaftereａchteｘｔbychoosｉngA，B，CorD.ＭarkyouraｎｓwerｓonANＳWERＳHEＥT1.(4０ｐoiｎts)Tｅｘt１Iｎｏrderｔｏ“chaｎgelivesfoｒtheｂetter”anｄredｕce“ｄependency,”GeorgeOsbome,CｈanｃelｌoroftheExchequｅr,intrｏduceｄthe“ｕpｆｒｏｎtwoｒｋｓｅarch”scheｍe.OｎlyifthｅjoｂlesｓarｒivｅatthｅjobcentrewithaCＶｒegｉsterforonｌｉｎejｏbsearch，andstａrtlookingforｗorｋwiｌｌtheyｂeｅligiblｅｆorbenefiｔ-andtｈｅnthｅyshouldｒepｏrtweeklyrａｔｈｅrｔhaｎfｏrtnightly.Ｗhatcｏulｄbemoｒereasoｎablｅ？Moreapparentrｅaｓｏｎabｌeｎessfｏlｌoｗed.Therewillｎowbeａｓeven-ｄaywａiｔｆorthejｏｂseeｋer’salloｗance．“Thoseｆirsｔfewｄａysshｏuldbｅspentlookingfoｒwoｒk，notｌoｏkｉngtosignoｎ.”hecｌaimed．“We’redoingthesethｉnｇｓbecauseweknowtheyhelpｐeｏｐｌesayoffｂenｅｆitsandhelｐthｏｓeonｂenefitsgeｔintｏwoｒkfａｓtｅr”Ｈelp?Rｅally?Ｏnfirstheａｒing,thｉswａsｔｈesocｉallycoｎcernedｃhaｎcellor，tryingtochaｎgelｉveｓfｏｒthebetｔer,completｅwiｔh“reforms”tｏanｏｂviｏusｌyindｕlgentsystemｔhatdemandstoolittleeｆｆoｒtfroｍｔhenｅｗｌyuｎemｐｌoyedtofindwoｒｋ，ａndｓｕｂｓideｓｌａzinｅｓs.Whａt(yī)mｏtivａt(yī)ｅdhim,ｗｅｗｅretounderstaｎd,washｉsｚealfoｒ“fundamｅntａlfａiｒness”-protectｉngthｅｔaｘｐayer,ｃontrollｉngspｅnｄingａndensurｉngｔhaｔoｎｌythｅmostdeservingclａiｍantsreceｉvedtｈeirbenｅfiｔs.Ｌosiｎgａｊｏbishurting:yｏudon’tskipdowntoｔｈｅjｏbｃeｎｔrewiｔhａsongiｎyouｒhｅａrt，deｌｉgｈｔｅdaｔthｅproｓpecｔｏfdｏｕbｌiｎgｙourｉｎcomefｒomthegenerｏusstaｔe.Itｉsfinａｎｃiallｙtｅｒriｆyingpsychoｌogｉcallｙembａrｒａssingandyｏukｎowthａt(yī)sｕpｐortismｉniｍalandｅｘｔraorｄinarilyhardtogeｔ.Youarｅnowｎotwanted;yoｕｓuｐportｉsｍiniｍalａndeｘtraｏrdｉｎａｒilyhardtｏgｅt.Yoｕａrenownotwaｎted;yｏｕarenowexcｌudｅdfrｏmthｅworｋenviｒｏnｍentｔhａｔoffeｒｓpurpoｓeandstrucｔureｉnｙourlife.Ｗo(hù)rsｅ,theｃrucialincometofeeｄｙouｒselfandyourｆａmilyandpaｙthebｉllshasdisａｐpeared.Ａｓｋanyoneｎeｗlyunemplｏｙedwhatｔｈｅyｗantandtheａｎswerｉsａlwayｓ：ajoｂ.BｕtinOsbornelanｄ,yourfｉrstｉnstinｃtistofalｌintｏdｅpenｄenｃy－ｐermaneｎｔdｅｐendencｙiｆyoucａngeｔｉｔ－suppoｒteｄｂyａstaｔeonｌyｔooreadｙtoｉnｄulｇｅｙourfalsehｏｏd．Itｉsastｈoｕgh2０ｙｅaｒsofeｖｅr-tougherreｆormsofthejobseａｒcｈanｄbenefitａdminｉsｔratｉoｎｓysｔｅｍnｅverhappｅned．ＴhｅprｉnｃipleoｆBritisｈwｅlfaｒeｉsｎoloｎgeｒthatyoucａniｎsｕreyourselfagainsｔthｅｒiskofuｎｅmｐlｏymeｎtandｒeceｉvｅuncondiｔiｏnａlpａymｅｎtｓｉfthediｓastｅｒhａｐpens．Eｖentheveｒｙphraｓe‘ｊoｂｓeeker’ｓaｌｌowaｎcｅ’－inventeｄin１9９6－ｉsabｏutredｅfiｎｉｎｇtheｕnemｐlｏyｅdaｓａ“ｊobｓｅe(cuò)kｅｒ”whohadnomaｎdaｔｏrｙrighｔtoabenefitheｏrshehasearnedtｈｒｏｕghｍakｉngnatiｏｎａｌinsurａｎcecontｒibuｔions.Instｅad,theclaimaｎtｒeｃｅivesａt(yī)ime-limited“allｏwanｃｅ,”coｎdｉtiｏnaｌonactiveｌｙseeｋingaｊｏb;ｎoenｔitlemｅntandnoinsurａnce，aｔ￡7１.70awｅe(cuò)k，onｅoftｈeｌeaｓtgenerousintｈｅEU.21．

ＧeorgｅOsbornｅ’ssｃhｅｍｅｅndedto＿_(dá)__＿.［Ａ]mｏｔivａt(yī)eｔhｅｕnemployｅdtｏrｅpｏrtｖolｕntariｌy[B]ｐroviｄeｔｈeunｅmploｙedwithｅasｉerａｃcｅｓｓtobeｎefits[C]ｅｎｃｏurａgejｏｂseｅkers’ａｃtiｖeｅngagｅmentiｎjobseeｋing[D］guaｒanteeｊｏｂsｅｅｋers’legitimaｔeｒighttｏbenｅｆits2２.Tｈephrａse“tosｉｇnｏｎ”(Line３,Parａ.2)mostproｂabｌｙmeans_＿_(dá)__.[A]toｒｅgiｓｔｅrfｏｒaｎａllowanceｆromthegｏvｅrnmeｎt［Ｂ]ｔoacceptthegoveｒnmｅnt’sreｓtrｉctiｏnsoｎtheallowance[C］tochecｋontheavailabilityｏfjｏbsatｔheｊｏbcｅntre［D]toatteｎdagoveｒｎmｅｎtaljob-traｉningprogrａm23.Whatpromptedtｈechaｎｃelｌorｔｏｄevｅlophiｓsｃｈｅme？[Ａ]Adesiretoｓecurｅａbetterlifefｏrall.[B]Aneaｇeｒnesstopｒotecttｈeuｎemployed.[C］Ａｎｕrgｅtobｅgｅnerｏusｔotｈecｌaiｍanｔs.［D］Apassiontoensurｅfａiｒｎｅssforｔaｘpaｙeｒs．２４.ＡccordｉｎｇtoＰaraｇrａph３,beingunｅmｐｌoyedｍakeｓoｎefeel___＿_(dá).［A]iｎsｕlｔed[Ｂ]uneasy[C]ｅnraｇed[D］guiltｙ25.Tｏwhicｈofthefｏlloｗingwoulｄtheauthｏrｍｏsｔｐrｏｂablｙagｒeｅ?[A］Uneｍploymｅntｂenefitｓｓhouldnoｔbemａdecｏnｄitioｎal.[B]TheBrｉtishwｅlｆａresyｓｔemｉndulgesjｏbseekers’laziｎｅss.[C]Thｅjｏｂseekers’allowanｃｅhａsｍeｔtheiｒactｕalneeｄs.［Ｄ]Oｓboｒne’srｅｆｏrｍswｉlｌreducetheriskoｆunempｌoｙmｅnt.Teｘt2Allaｒoundｔheｗorld,lawyｅrsgeｎerａt(yī)eｍｏrehoｓtiｌitythantｈｅmeｍbｅrsofanyoｔｈｅrｐrofessioｎ--－wiｔhｔheposｓibleexcepｔionｏｆjｏuｒnａlism．ＢutthｅreaｒｅfewplaceswｈerｅclｉenｔshaveｍoreｇｒｏundｓforcomplaintthaｎA(yù)meriｃa.Duringｔheｄｅｃadebeｆoｒｅｔhｅe(cuò)conomiccrisｉｓ，ｓpendｉｎｇonlegalsｅrviｃesｉnAmericaｇrewｔwiｃeａsｆａstasinｆlation.Thebｅｓtlａwyersmａdｅskｙscrapers-fulｌoｆｍｏｎey,ｔemptinｇevｅｒmorestudentｓtoｐiｌｏlawｓchoｏlｓ.Ｂｕtmostlawｇｒaduａｔesneveｒgetabig-ｆirmｊoｂ.Manyofｔheminsteａdbecｏmｅtｈｅkｉndofnｕｉsancｅ-laｗsuitfilerｔhatmａkesthetortsｙｓｔemａcostlｙniｇhtmaｒe.Ｔhereaｒｅmaｎyreasonsｆorｔhｉs.Oneistheexｃesｓivecoｓtsｏfalｅｃation.TｈｅｒｅｉsjuｓtoｎｅpatｈfｏrａlａwyｅrinmostAｍericanｓｔａt(yī)es：afour-yeａrundｅｒgrａduatedegrｅｅaｔoｎｅｏf2００l(fā)awsｃhoolｓauｔhorizｅdbyｔheAｍｅriｃａnBarＡｓsｏciatｉonaｎｄanｅxｐeｎｓivｅprepａratioｎｆｏrｔhebarｅxam.Ｔhisｌeavestodaｙ’sａvｅraｇｅｌaw-schoolgraｄｕatewith＄10０，00０ofdebtontｏpofunｄｅｒgradｕatedeｂts.Ｌaw－ｓchｏｏldebtｍeanｓｔhaｔthｅｙhavｅtoworkfearsｏmeｌyｈａｒd.Reforｍingtheｓystｅmｗｏuｌdhelｐboｔｈlaｗyersaｎdtheircustomeｒs.Sensiblｅidｅashaｖebeenarounｄfｏralongtime,butｔheｓtａt(yī)e-leｖelboｄiesthatｇoverntheprofeｓｓionｈavebｅｅntoｏconservativｅtoｉmplｅmｅnｔtｈｅｍ.Onｅiｄeaistoalloｗｐeopletostudylaｗasanｕnｄeｒgraduatｅdegree.Anotheristｏlｅtstｕdeｎtssitｆoｒｔhebarafｔerｏｎlytwoyearsofｌaｗsｃhool.Iftheｂａrexａｍistrｕlyasterｎenoughteｓtfoｒaｗould－bｅｌａwyer,ｔhosｅwhocanｓitｉtｅarｌiersｈｏuldbｅallowedtｏdoso.Studentswhodonotnｅe(cuò)dtheｅxtratrainingcoｕldcuttheirｄebtmouｎｔaiｎｂyathｉrd.Ｔheoｔheｒreａｓonwhycｏstsaｒｅsoｈiｇhistｈerestｒictivegｕiｌd-likeowｎｅrshipｓｔruｃｔurｅｏftｈeｂusiness.ＥxcｅｐtintｈeＤistrictｏfColｕmbｉａ,non－ｌａwyeｒsmａynoｔowｎａnyｓhaｒeofａlaｗfｉrm.Thｉskeeｐsfeeｓhigｈaｎdinnovatioｎsｌow.Thereispressureforcｈａngeｆｒomｗithintheprofessioｎ,butoppｏneｎtsofcｈａnｇeaｍｏnｇthｅｒegｕlatｏｒsｉnsｉstthatkeepingｏutsideｒsoutoｆalawfｉrmiｓolａt(yī)esｌａwyersfroｍthepressureｔｏmａkeｍoｎｅyratherthanｓerveｃlｉentsethicａlｌy.Inｆacｔ，ａllowingnｏn-lawｙersｔｏoｗnｓhaｒeｓｉnlａwｆirmswouｌdreｄuｃecoｓtsandimprovesｅｒｖiceｓtocustomｅｒｓ，byenｃourａgｉnglaｗｆirmｓtousetecｈｎolｏgyandtoemplｏyprofeｓsionaｌmanａgｅrstofocusonimproviｎgｆirms’effiｃiｅncy.Afｔerall,othercounｔrｉeｓ，suchａsAusｔrａliaanｄBritａin,hａvestarｔｅdｌiberａlizinｇｔheirlｅgａlproｆessｉons.Americashouldfｏlｌoｗ.２6.Ａｌoｔｏfstｕｄｅntｓtaｋｅuｐｌawaｓtｈeirprofesｓｉondueｔo＿_(dá)___.［A]theｇrowinｇdemandfromcｌｉｅnts[B]theincreasiｎｇpｒessurｅｏfinｆlaｔioｎ［C]thｅprｏｓpectoｆworkingiｎｂｉgfirms[D]ｔheatｔractionoｆｆinancialrewardｓ27.ＷhichｏfthefｏｌlｏwingaddstothecostｓoflegaｌeducatioｎinmｏｓtAｍericanstates?［Ａ]Hｉgheｒtuｉtｉonfeｅsfoｒundｅrgｒaduatesｔｕdｉes.[B]Purｓuｉngabachelor’sdｅgreｅinaｎotｈerｍajor.[C]Adｍissionsapprovａlfｒｏｍthｅｂarasｓocｉatiｏn.[D]Ｒeceｉvingtｒainｉnｇbyｐrｏｆｅssｉonalａssociatioｎs.28．Hindranｃetｏｔhｅrｅforｍｏfthｅlegａlｓystｅmoriｇiｎａｔesｆrom＿＿_(dá)__.[A]nｏn-professｉoｎals’sharpcｒiticism［B]lawyers’ａnｄclｉeｎｔｓ’strongｒesistａｎｃe[C]thｅriｇidbｏdiｅsgoｖerningtheprofeｓsion［D]tｈeｓternexａmfｏｒwouｌd－ｂelａwyers２9.Ｔhe

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[A]Hｉsｔoryｈasneｖercasｔdoｕbtoｎtｈem.[Ｂ]Ｔheyareｔhｅｍostrｅｐｒesｅnｔaｔｉveｈoｎor.[C］Tｈeｉrleｇｉtimacyｈaｓlongbeenｉnｄispute.［Ｄ］Theiｒenｄurａnceｈasdoｎｅｊuｓｔiｃeｔothem．３5.Ｔheａuthorｂelievｅｓtｈaｔｔhｅｎewaｗａrdsａrｅ_____.［Ａ］haｒmfuｌtotｈecultureｏfresｅarch[B]acceptabｌedespiｔｅthecritｉｃism[C]ｓｕｂjecttoｕndeｓirablechａnges［D]unｗorｔｈｙofｐｕbｌicattentiｏnText4“ＴｈeＨeartoftｈeMaｔtｅr,”tｈejｕｓt-rｅleａsedrepoｒtbyｔheAｍｅriｃanAcadeｍｙｏfArtsandSｃieｎcｅs(ＡＡAS),deservespraiseforaｆfiｒmｉｎgｔheiｍportａnceoｆthｅhumanitｉｅｓandsociａlsciencestoｔhｅprosperiｔyａnｄsecuriｔyｏflibeｒaldｅｍocracyinAmerica.Rｅgｒeｔtably,hｏｗeｖeｒ，thｅrepｏrt'sfailuｒetｏaddrｅsｓthetrueｎatureｏｆthecrisisｆacingliberaｌｅducａｔionｍayｃausemorehａrmthangood．Ｉn2023,leaｄingcongressｉonａlＤemoｃrａｔsandＲeｐublicａnssentletｔｅrstothｅAAAＳａsｋinｇｔhaｔitidｅｎｔifｙactionsｔhaｔｃouｌdbetakenｂy"ｆｅｄeral,ｓtaｔeandloｃalｇovｅrｎmｅｎts,univeｒsiｔｉes,fｏunｄatｉoｎｓ,eｄucaｔｏｒs,ｉndivｉduａｌbeｎefactorsａndothers＂ｔo"maiｎtａiｎnatioｎalexｃeｌlenceiｎhumanitieｓanｄsocialscｉentiｆicscholaｒshiｐａｎdｅducａt(yī)ion．"Inrespｏnｓe,theAmericanＡcａdｅmyｆｏrmedｔheCｏｍmiｓsｉonｏntｈｅHumanitiｅsandSocialＳciencｅs.Amｏngthecoｍｍｉssioｎ'ｓ51ｍeｍbersaretｏｐ-ｔiｅr－univerｓitｙpｒesidenｔs，sｃhoｌａrs，ｌawyers，ｊｕｄges,andｂｕsinessexecutivｅs，aｓwｅｌlasprｏｍinenｔfiｇｕresｆroｍdｉｐlomａcｙ,ｆilmmaｋiｎg,muｓｉｃaｎdjournａｌｉsm.Ｔhｅgｏalsｉｄentifiedinthereｐorｔaregenｅrａllyadmiraｂle．Ｂeｃauｓerepｒesｅntativegｏvｅrnmentpresupposesaninfｏrmeｄciｔiｚenry,tｈereportsuｐportsfulllitｅｒａcy;stresｓesｔｈｅstｕｄyofhistorｙanｄgovernment，parｔicularlyAmericaｎｈｉｓtoryaｎｄＡmｅrｉcａngovｅｒnmｅnt;andｅｎｃouraｇｅstheuｓeofｎewdiｇitaltechnｏlogieｓ.Toｅncoｕrageinnovaｔionaｎdcｏmpetｉtion，theｒｅｐorｔcaｌｌsforincreａsedｉnｖｅｓｔmentiｎresｅarch，thecrａftinｇofｃｏhｅｒentcｕrriculａｔhaｔｉｍpｒｏvｅstｕｄｅnts'abilｉtytosoｌｖeproｂlｅｍｓanｄcoｍmunicateｅｆｆectivelyｉnｔhe21stcｅnｔury，iｎcreasｅdfuｎdingfｏｒteachersanｄtheｅncouragementoｆｓcｈｏlａrstｏbｒｉngtheirｌeａrnｉngtoｂearonｔhｅgreatchａlleｎgesofthｅdaｙ.Ｔhereportalsｏadvoｃatｅsｇreａt(yī)erｓtｕｄyofforeignlaｎguａges，ｉnｔernａt(yī)ionａｌａffairsandtheexｐansiｏｎofｓｔｕｄｙaｂｒoadｐrograms.Uｎfｏrｔunately,despitｅ2?yｅarｓｉntｈemａｋing，"ＴhｅHeartoftheMatter"neverｇeｔstothｅhearｔoftｈemaｔｔer：theilliberａlｎaｔｕreoflｉbeｒａleducａt(yī)ionatｏurleadinｇcoｌｌｅgeｓanｄuniverｓｉｔieｓ.ＴheｃomｍissioｎｉgｎｏreｓthatforｓeveｒａldecadesAmｅｒｉcａ'scoｌlｅgｅsandunｉverｓｉｔieshaveprodｕｃedgｒａduatesｗｈodon'tknowtｈecontｅｎｔandcharacｔｅroflibeｒaledｕcatｉｏnaｎｄａrｅｔｈusｄｅprivedｏfiｔsｂenefiｔs.Sａｄly,thesｐiritｏfinquｉryｏnceathｏｍｅoncaｍｐusｈasｂeeｎｒeplacｅdｂythｅｕsｅoｆｔhｅhumanitiｅsanｄsｏcｉalscｉｅnｃｅsasvehiclesｆorpuｂliciｚｉng"pｒoｇreｓｓｉｖe,"orｌｅft-ｌibｅralpropａgａnｄa.Todａｙ,profeｓsorsｒｏｕｔineｌyｔreaｔthｅprogreｓsiveinteｒpretａt(yī)iｏnofhiｓtｏｒyaｎdpｒogｒｅssｉvepuｂｌiｃpolｉｃyasthｅproｐeｒsuｂjectoｆｓtudｙwhileportｒayingcｏnｓｅrｖativｅorcｌaｓsicaｌｌiberalideas—suchasfreｅｍaｒketsorsｅlf－rｅｌiancｅ—asｆallinｇｏutsｉｄｅthｅboundａrieｓofrｏutine,andsometimeslegitiｍate，inｔeｌｌｅctualiｎvestigaｔioｎ.ThｅAAASdispｌａyｓgreａｔｅnthuｓiａsmｆorliberａleducaｔion.YetitsｒepｏrtmaywｅlｌｓｅtｂａckｒｅformbyｏbｓcuringｔｈｅdepｔhａndbreaｄtｈoｆthecｈａlｌｅｎgetｈaｔCｏngrｅsｓaskeｄｉttoilｌuminate.

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I

ＵseｏfEｎglisｈ一、文章題材結(jié)構(gòu)分析本文介紹了“人們可以通過(guò)鍛煉大腦來(lái)提高智力并防止腦力衰老”。文章第一段介紹了腦力衰老會(huì)對(duì)人們正常生活產(chǎn)生影響。第二段介紹了神經(jīng)學(xué)家們的研究結(jié)果,表白腦力不是無(wú)法改變的，人們可以通過(guò)努力和訓(xùn)練來(lái)提高腦力。第三段介紹了一家公司開(kāi)發(fā)出了第一套大腦訓(xùn)練程序,目的在于幫助人們提高腦力。第四段具體介紹了這項(xiàng)新程序是如何幫助人們訓(xùn)練以提高腦力的。二、試題解析1.?［A］why

為什么

[Ｂ]whｅｎ

當(dāng)……的時(shí)候

[C］thaｔ

那個(gè)?[D]wherｅ

哪里【答案】Ｄ?【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞搭配+從句辨析?【解析】本句句義為“我們會(huì)忽然想不起來(lái)放鑰匙_＿_(dá)__”。劃線處及之后的“_＿_(dá)__weｐuｔtｈeｋeyjusｔaｍomentaｇo”作ｒemeｍｂer的賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)ｐｕｔ的用法“putsomｅtｈｉnｇinｓoｍｅplaｃe”(把某物放在某處）可知,空格處缺少的是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有wｈｅre表達(dá)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),因此對(duì)的答案是Ｄ。wｈy和when分別引導(dǎo)因素狀語(yǔ)從句和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，可放到空格處,但是無(wú)法做put的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),所以排除選項(xiàng)A

和B。that放在動(dòng)詞remember之后引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,此時(shí)的that沒(méi)有任何實(shí)際意義可以省略，并且ｔhat并不能充當(dāng)put的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，所以排除選項(xiàng)C。2.

[Ａ]improｖes

提高

[B]fadeｓ

凋謝，衰老?[C]coｌｌapses

倒塌,崩潰

[Ｄ]ｒecovers

恢復(fù)【答案】B

【考點(diǎn)】上下文語(yǔ)義銜接+詞義辨析

【解析】本句句義為“隨著大腦___＿＿，我們把這些事件稱之為‘老不中用的瞬間’”。一方面,這句話中的“theseoｃcｕｒｒｅnｃeｓ”指的是上一句話中提到的“忘掉鑰匙所放位置,一位熟人的名字或者鐘愛(ài)的樂(lè)隊(duì)的名字”的情況,這些情況都是不好的事情,因此空格部分要填的詞要帶有負(fù)面的意思，因此可以初次排除選項(xiàng)A

和D。比較選項(xiàng)Ｂ

和Ｃ，根據(jù)意思可以得出是“隨著大腦的衰老”，而不是“隨著