2020上海松江高三英語(yǔ)一模試卷

松江區(qū)2019學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量監(jiān)控試卷高三英語(yǔ)（滿分140分，完卷時(shí)間120分鐘）2019.12ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionsyouwillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Leavetheerrorsinthepaper.B.Letthewomanusethetypewriter.C.Readthenewspaperagain.D.Checkthepaperformistakes.A.Ittakestimeforhertolearnnewthings.Sheshouldhavebeeninformedearlier.C.Shewon'tattendthemeeting..Shehasmadepreparationsforthemeeting.A,Americanstudentsarenottalkativeinclass.Beingtalkativeinclassmeansactiveparticipation.ShethinkshighlyofherexperienceintheAmericanschool..Onecanparticipateinclassactivitiesindifferentways.4.A.Crying.B.Talkingloudly.C.WatchingTV.D.Havingawalk.A.Itistheonlypropertyshehas.B.Herfatheraskedhernottosellit.C.Sheinheriteditfromherfather.1/16D.Herfatherhasnowheretoliveaftersellingit.A.Nooneknowshowtogetittowork.Itwonthematchinthecompany.Itissecondtononeincommunication.Itworksmoreefficientlythananyemployee.A.Thefoodcriticdidn'tspeakhighlyofthatrestaurant.B.Theywaitedalongtimeforthetableatthatrestaurant.C.ThefoodattherestaurantwasthebestinChinatown.D.Theyusedtoworkforafoodmagazine.8.9.

A.Sheistootiredtogoout.B.Shehastowriteapaper.C.Shedoesn'tlikecoffee.D.Shehastogetupearlythenextday.A.Tomshouldhaverealizedhismistakeearlier.B.Tom'strousersdon'tmatchhisjacket.C.Tomshouldn'thavehurriedtotheoffice.D.Tom'stasteinclothescanbeimproved.A.Hehasbeentakenforafool.C.Hehasbeengivenabetterposition.SectionB

B.Hedoesn't(eelateaseinthefirm.D.Hedoesn'tgetonwellwiththeothers.Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandalongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.QuestionsIIthrough13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Motorcycleriding.B.Parcelwrapping.C.Languagetraining.D.Basicmanners.A.11cwantedtolearnhowthedeliveryofonlineshoppingruns.B.Heintendedtoopenadeliverycompanyinthefuture.C.Hehopedtofullyenjoythecity'sfestiveatmosphere..Heneededtheexperienceaspartofhissocialpracticerequirement.2/1613.A.Packingaheavyload.B.Findingtheway.C.Askingfordirections.D.Ridingonnarrowstreets.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Theycansolvesomeofourmostcrucialproblems.B.Theyleadtomanyexcitingprofessionalcareers.C.Theyhelpestablishgovernmentandprivatelabs.D.Theyarethenewapplicationofmathematics.A.Theylearn,makeandanalyzemathematicalmodels.B.Theyhelpcreatenewbranchesofthescience.Theymakepredictioninfinanceandeconomy..Theyworkonthedevelopmentofnewtechnology.16.A.Theimportanceofresearch.B.Thenecessityofmodeling.C.Thestudyofmathematics.D.Theevolutionofscience.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Achef.B.Anurseassistant.C.Amedicaltranscriptionist.D.Ahousewife,A.Listeningtotheconversationbetweenthedoctorandpatients.B.Writingdownthemedicalreportonthecomputer.Findingtheproblemsinthemedicaltreatment..Helpingthedoctortotakescareofpatients.A.Shegetspaideverytwoweeks.Shecanexplainittoherson.Shecanlearnfromdifferentmedicalcases.Shecanbalanceworkwithdomesticduties.A.Heregardsthejobmeaninglessandlooksdownuponit.B.Heinsiststhatitshouldbedonebythedoctorhimself.Heisproudofhismotherandunderstandsherchoice..Hefeelssorrythatitisnotpaidaswellashisfather'sjob.3/16n.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Climbingtheworld'shighestmountaincouldnothavebeenfurtherfromXiaBoyu'25-year-oldin1974,whentheplayedfortheprovincialsoccerteaminQinghai.ButwhentheChineseMountaineeringAssociationannounceditwaslookingforclimberstojoinanupcomingjourney,Xiaputinanapplicationsothathe(21)atleastgetafreehealthcheck-up.Afterjustafewmonthsoftraining,Xiaandhisfellowclimbersstartedclimbingthe8,848-metremountaininJanuary1975.However,Xiasufferedsuchseverefrostbite(凍傷)afterlendingateammatehissleepingbag(22)herlaterlostbothofhisfeet.Threeyearslater,aforeignexpert(23)(invite)toassessXia'sconditioiwithartificiallegs,Xiawouldbeabletowalkagainandevenclimbmountains.Itmadehimdeterminedtochallenge(24)toclimbMountQomolangmaagain.Xiasethimselfademandingschedule,(25)(wake)at5a.m.totrainforfiveorsixhours.Unfortunately,Xiasufferedanothermajorsetbackin1996,whenhe(26)(diagnose)withlymphoma(淋巴瘤).Hehadtoundergoanotherroundofamputation截肢),losingpartofhislegs.Itwasnotuntil2014thathewasabletoorganizeateamtomakeanotherattemptatscalingtheworld'shighestmountain.Sadly,histeamarrivedatQomolangmaBaseCamp,onlytobeinformedthatalljourneyshadbeenstopped,followinganavalanche崩)(27)hadkilled16people.TheNepalesegovernmentannouncedabanondouble-amputeeclimbersonQomolongmainDecember2017,butitdidn'tlastlongafteraprotest(28)adisabledsupportgroup.ThatallowedXia,attheageof69,(29)(climb)tothetoponMay14,2018.Thefeeling,however,wasnot(30)hehadimagineditwouldbe.“IhadthoughtwhenIfinallyreachedthesiIwouldshoutittotheworld.Iwoulddoalltheseposesforphotos.Butwhenthemomentarrived,Ijustfeltclam.”Xiasaid.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.4/16approachingB.temporarilyC.decomposesD.alternativeE.primarilyF.recyclableG.inspirationH.involvesI.squeezingJ.minedK.emittedIsitpossibletomakepaperwithouttrees?AustralianbusinessmenKevinGarciaandJonTsespentayearresearchingapossible__31__thatcouldserveasapossiblerawmaterialformakingpaper.ThenGarciareadaboutaTaiwanesecompanymakingcommercialpaperoutofstoneanda(n)__32__struck.Ayearlater,inJuly2017,theylaunchedKarstStonePaper.Thecompanyproducespaperwithoutusingwoodorwater.Theirsourceisstonewaste__33__fromconstructionsitesandotherindustrialwastedumps.“Ifyoulookatthewholeprocessofhowpaperistraditionallymade,it__34__choppingtrees,addingchemicals,usinglotsofwaterandthen__35__,dryingandflatteningitintosheetsofpaper,saidGarcia.contributestohighcarbonemissionanddeforestation.”In2019,GarciaestimatesKarst'spaperproductionhashelpedsave540largetiWertrees木)frombeingdeforested,83,100liters(21,953gallons)ofwaterfrombeingusedand25,500kilograms(56,218pounds)ofcarbondioxidefrombeing__36__.“Wecollectdisposedlimestone石灰石)fromwhereverwecanfindit,washit,andgrinditintofinepowder,"hesaid.ThepowderismixedwithaHDPEfe!密度聚乙烯樹月旨),which__37__overtimefromsunlight,leavingonlycalciumcarbonate(碳酸鈣)behind.Thepapercanbeasthinasnotebookpaperorasthickasacardboardpaperandiswaterproof,__38__anddifficulttotear.Thenotebookscost$10to$25.Karst'sproductsaremainly:thecompany'swebsite,butarealsostockedin100stores,__39__throughoutAustralia,theUnitedStatesandtheUnitedKingdom.“Over70%ofthecustomersareUS-based,”hesaid.Thehopetohavethenotebooksin1,000storesbytheendoftheyear.Garciasaidtheyarenowthinkingabout__40__investorsforthefirsttimeinordertoscaleuptheiroperations.Theydeclinedtorevealhowmuchthecompanymakesortheirannualrevenue.n.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Whenhappenswhentherighttoknowcomesupagainsttherightnottoknow?Thecase--ofgenetictestinghasbroughtthisquestiontolight.Two__41__legalcases-oneinBritain,theotherinGermany-standtoalterthewaymedicineispracticed.5/16BothcasesinvolveHuntington'sdisease(HD),whose__42__includelossofco-odnation調(diào))，moodchangesandcognitive認(rèn)知的)decline.Itdevelopsbetweentheagesof30and50,andiseventuallyfatal.Everychildofan__43__parenthasa50%chanceofinheritingit.IntheBritishcase,__44__fortrialattheHighCourtinLondoninNovember,awomanknownasABC-toprotectthe__45__ofherdaughter,whoisaminor-ischargingaLondonhospital,St.George'HealthcareNHSTrust,fornot__46__herfather"diagnosisofHDwithher.ABCwaspregnantatthetimeofhisdiagnosis,in2009.Shearguesthathadshebeenawareofit,shewouldhavestoppedthepregnancy.Asitwas,shefoundoutonlyaftergivingbirthtoherdaughter.Shelatertested__47__forHD.TheGermancaseisinsomewaysthemirrorimageoftheBritishone.UnlikeinBritain,inGermanytherightnottoknowgeneticinformationisprotectedinlaw.__48__,2011adoctorinformedawomanthatherdivorcedhusband-thedoctor'spatient-hadtestedpositiveforHD.Thismeantwochildrenwere__49__thedisease.Sheaccusedthedoctor,whohadactedwithhispatient'spermission.Bothchildrenbeingminorsatthetime,theycouldnotlegallybetestedforthedisease,which,asthewoman'slawyerspointedout,iscurrently__50__.Theyarguedthatshewasthereforehelplesstoactontheinformation,and__51__sufferedareactivedepressionthatpreventedherfromworking.Bothcasestestalegalgreyarea.Iftherighttoknowis__52__recognizedinBritainlaterthisyear,thatmyremovesomeuncertainties,butitwillalsocreatenewones.Towhatlengthsshoulddoctorsgototrackdownandinformfamilymembers,__53__?Itisthelaw'sjobto__54__theserightsforthemodernage.Whenthelawfallsbehindtechnologysomebodyoftenpaystheprice,andcurrentlythatsomebodyis__55__.Asthesetwocasesdemonstrate,theyfindthemselvesinadifficultsituation-chargediftheydo,accusedittheydon6/1641.A.remarkableB.distinctC.contrastingD.dominant42.A.consequencesB.symptomsC.indicationsD.diagnoses43.A.influencedB.affectedC.inheritedD.annoyed44.A.scheduledB.determinedC.approvedD.implemented45.A.possessionB.statusC.healthD.identity46.A.revealingB.sharingC.remindingD.concealing47.A.convincedB.suspiciousC.infectedD.positive48.A.NeverthelessB.ThusC.AdditionallyD.Fundamentally49.A.inadvanceofB.inthecourseofC.atthecloseofD.attheriskof50.A.inevitableB.inextinguishableC.incurableD.intolerable51.A.asaresultB.afterallC.aboveallD.inreturn52.A.financiallyB.academicallyC.legallyD.culturally53.A.onoccasionB.bycomparisonC.ineffectD.forexample54.A.reserveB.balanceC.defendD.draftSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassage.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)ForWesterndesigners,ChinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforWesterncreative.“It'snosecretthatChinahasalwaysbeenasourceofinspirationfordesigners,Hill,chiefcreativeofficeratA-ENetworks,aglobalmediacompanyandhometosomeofthebiggestfashionshows.Earlierthisyear,theChinaThroughALookingGlassexhibitioninNewYorkexhibited140piecesofChina-inspiredfashionableclothingalongsideChineseworksorart,withtheaimofexploringtheinfluenceofChineseaesthetics美學(xué))onWesternfashionandhowChinahasfueledthefashionableimaginationforcenturies.Theexhibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences.“Chinasimpossibletooverlook,saysHill,“Chinesenodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion-theyarecentraltoitsmovement.Ofcourse,notonlyaretoda：WesterndesignersbeinginfluencedbyChina,butsomeofthebestdesignersofcontemporaryfashionarethemselvesChinese.“VeraWang,AlexanderWang,JasonWearetakingonGalliano,Albaz,MarcJacobs-and7/16beatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales,”addsHill.ForHill,itisimpossiblenottotalkaboutChinaastheleadingplayerwhendiscussingfashion.“ThemostfamousdesignersareChinese,soarethemodels,andsoaretheconsumers,'“Chinaisnolongerjustanothermarket;inmanysensesithasbecomethemarket.Ifyoutalkaboutfashiontoday,youaretalkingaboutChina-itsinfluences,itsdirections,itsbreathtakingclothes,andhowyoungdesignersandmodelsarefinallyacknowledgingthatinmanyways.”56.WhatcanwelearnabouttheexhibitioninNewYork?A.Itpromotedthesalesofartworks.B.Itattractedalargenumberofvisitors.C.ItshowedancientChineseclothes.D.ItaimedtointroduceChinesemodels.WhatdoesHillsayaboutChinesewomen?A.Theydobusinessallovertheworld.B.Theyadmiresupermodels.C.Theystartmanyfashioncampaigns.D.Theyaresettingthefashion.TheunderlinedphrasetakingoninParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto.A.competingagainstB.learningfromC.workingwithD.lookingdownonWhichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?ChineseArtExhibitionHeldinNewYorkYoungModelsSellingDreamstotheWorldChineseCultureFuelingInternationalFashionTrendsDifferencesBetweenEasternandWesternAesthetics8/16CommentsontheMarchIssueofReader'sDigest40SmartWaystoSaveattheSupermarketBill'sLast,BestGiftTracyGrant'sarticleresonated（弓1起Yourcautionnottofallforthesales共識(shí)）deeplywithme.Twelveyearsago,myremindedmeofthedayswhenIwasastocboyatmyneighbourhoodgroceryinthe1950s.Onetime,wegotadeliveryofoff-brandvegetables.Ipricedthemattencenta

husband,Don,wasfoundtohaveterminalbraink?.■-...,,cancer.Ashiscaregiver,l,too,learnedtoappreciatethepeopleandthingsaroundmeancan.Idon'tthinkwesoldmorethansiscansuntilIputupasignthatsaid"Special:Ninefor$1."IsetthemoutThursdayevening,andbynoononSaturdatheyweregone.

nottosweatthesmallstuff,andinthelongrun,becameamuchbetterperson.Donalsogavemhislast,bestgiftofloveandpeace.EDWARDDECKERD,Perryville,MissouriTrappedInsideaGlacierReadingaboutJohnAll'sexperienceonMountHimlungwasveryinspiringtome.Amanwith15brokenbonesandbleedinginternallybeingabletoclimbupa70-footwalloficeandsurvivefor18hoursat20,000feetissomethingthatIwouldhavethought

yANITALAWRENCE,Diego,CaliforniaDishesProfessionalChefsCookintheMicrowaveeMicrowavinglivelobstersiscruel.Becauselobstersfeelpain,Switzerlandhasrecentlyoutlawedthepracticeofboilingthemalive.AsimilarlawwaspassedinItaly,whereitisnowillegaltoputlobstersonicebeforecookingthem.Ihopeyouprovideanupdatetoyourstorytobeimpossible.Iam16yearsoldandapromotinghumane（人道的）epracticesinsteadoflifelongreader.Outofallthgreatcontentinverycruelandviolentones.eReadersDigest,storieslikhisaretheonesIenjoythemost.JANETTOOLE,Phoenixville,PennsylvaniaSAMKIEFFER,Richardson,Texas9/16WhathappenedtoAnitaLawrenceafterherhusband'sdiagnosis?Shefeltverypainful.Shegainedsomelifelessons.Shepaidmoreattentiontoherownhealth.D.Sheshoweddeepsympathyforherhusband.AccordingtoSainKieffer'sletter,whatcanwelearnaboutJohnAll?lieisanexpertinmountaineering.HewrotethearticleentitledTrappedInsideaGlacier.Fewpeoplecouldsurviveinthesamesituationashedid.HisstoryisthebestonethatSamKiefferhaseverreadiReadersDigest.Inherletter.JanetToolequotedtwoexamplesofSwitzerlandandItalyinorderto.advisechefstostopcookinglivelobstersshowhowcruelitistocooklobstersliveraisechefsawarenessofprotectanimalssharewithreadersthesecountrielawsregardingcooking(C)Thenewspapermustprovideforthereaderthefacts,pure,unprejudiced,objectivelyselectedfacts.Butinthesedaysofcomplexnewsitmustprovidemere:itmustsupplyinterpretation,themeaningofthefacts.ThisisaveryimportantassignmentfacingAmericanjournalists一tomakecleartothereadertheproblemsoftheday,tomakeinternationalnewsunderstandableascommunitynews,torecognizethatthereisnolongeranysuchthingas"local”news,becauseanyeventintheinternationalareahasalocalreactioninthefinancialmarket,politicalcircles,interms,indeed,ofourverywayoflife.Thereisinjournalismawidespreadviewthatwhenyoustartaninterpretation,youareenteringdangerouswaters,therushingtidesofopinion.Thisisnonsense.Theopponentsofinterpretationinsistthatthewriterandtheeditorshalllimitthemselvestothe“facts".Thisinsistenceraisestwoquestions:Whatarethefacts?Are10/16thebarefactsenough?Asforthefirstquestion,considerhowaso-called"factual"storyconicsabout.Thereportercollects,say,fiftyfacts;outofthesefifty,hisspacebeingnecessarilyrestricted,heselectsthetenwhichheconsidersmostimportant.ThisisJudgmentNumberOne.Thenheorhiseditordecideswhichofthesetenfactsshallmakeupthebeginningofthearticle,whichisanimportantdecisionbecausemanyreadersdonotproceedbeyondthefirstparagraph.ThisisJudgmentNumberTwo.Thentherighteditordetermineswhetherthearticleshallbepresentedonpageone,whereithasalargeinfluence,oronpagetwentyfour,whereithaslittle.JudgmentNumberThree.Thusinthepresentationofaso-calledfactualor''objective,story,atleastthreejudgmentsareinvolved.Andtheyarejudgmentsnotatallunlikethoseinvolvedininterpretation,inwhichreportersandeditors,callingupontheirresearchresources,theirgeneralbackground,andtheir"newsneutralism",arriveataconclusionastothesignificanceofthenews.Thetwoareasofjudgment,presentationofthenewsanditsinterpretation,arcbothobjectiveandsubjectiveprocesses.Ifaneditorisdeterminedtogiveaprejudicedviewofthenews,hecandoitinotherwaysandmoreeffectivelythanbyinterpretation.Hecandoitbytheselectionofthosefactsthatsupporthisparticularviewpoint.Orhecandoitbytheplacehegivesastory——promotingittopageoneordraggingittopagethirty.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?Ifareportermakesclearthefactshewrites,hewillnodoubtgetintotrouble.Journalistsmustselectfactsobjectivelytomakecurrenteventscleartothereaders.ThemostimportanttaskofreportersisIoprovideunprejudicedfactsforthereaders..Forreporters,interpretationoffactsisnolessimportantthanpresentationofthefacts.Thebeginningofthearticleshouldpresentthemostimportantfactbecause.itwillinfluencethereadertocontinuemostreadersreadonlythefirstparagraphitdetailsthegeneralattitudeofthewriterit'sthebestwaytowriteaccordingtotheschoolsofjournalismWhereastoryispresentedinanewspapershows.11/16theeditor'sprejudicethereporter'sbackgroundthestory'sfactualmatter.thestory'seffectonthereadersWhichofthefollowingcanbestexpresstheauthor'sattitudetowardobjectiveness?Objectivenessiscontrolledbyeditorsratherthanwriters.Properlychoosingfactspreparesasolidgroundforobjectiveness.Hedoesn'tthinkthereexistscompleteobjectivenessinnewswriting.Tomakeclearthenewsisawaytobeobjectiveandresponsibleforthereaders.SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanheusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.B.

There'snowaitingforitandnocountingofcash.Thesystemisimpressivelysimpleandsecure.C.Securityisnothingtoworryaboutwiththeprocedures.D.Clearingupcashpaymentshasseveraladvantagesaswell.E.However,somepeopledoubtwhatmembersofacashlesssocietywilldowherthepowergoesoffF.Privacysecurityandconvenienceareallimportantfactorsintheadoptionofelectronicpaymenttechnology.Whenherollsintoagasstationtofillhistank,BarkhadDahirdoesn'tgetoutofhiscar.Hepushesafewbuttonsonhiscellphoneandwithinsecondshehaspaidforthefuel.Withthesamequickpushesonhisphonehepaysforalmosteverythingheneeds.Electronicpaymentsofferconsumersconvenience,provideprofitsforbanks,creditcardcompaniesandpaymentprocessorsandoffermerchantsimprovedcashflowandconvenience."Ihaven'tseencashforalongtime.Almosteverymerchantevenhawker（/」、販）onthestreetacceptspaymentbycellphone.67."saysAdanAbokora,ademocracyactivist.Purchasesaremadebydialingathree-digitnumber,enteringafour-digitPINandthenenteringthe12/16retailer'spaymentnumberandtheamountofmoney.Bothcustomersandmerchantsreceivetextmessagestoconfirmthepayment.68.Forinstance,theprintingandhandlingofmoneyisexpensive.Cashpaymentscanbeanonymous（匿名的）anditishardtotrackcriminalactivitiesconductedinsecret.Manygovernmentsfavorreducingcashdealingsinordertobettermonitorandunderstandtheactivitiesoftheircitizens.TheSwedishgovernmenthasbeendiscussingtheremovingofcashsince2010.Dotheychoosetorob?Dotheysitathomeandwait?WhathappenstopeoplewhorelyontheircellphonestoprocessmoneydealingswhencellserviceandtheInternetareinterrupted?Aworldaffectedbyterrorismandincreasinglyviolentweathermaynotyetbereadytoabandoncurrency."Otherpeopletearthatelectronicpaymentsmaycreatesecurityrisksandenabledealingstobetrackedandreported.70.Newtechnologieswhichbalanceandaddressthesefactorsmayenablepeopletoremovecash.IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoints）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.ItgoeswithoutsayingthatthelanguagespokenbythemajorityofBritishpeoplehasthesamenameasthelanguagespokenbymostcitizensoftheU.S.A.Nonetheless,quiteapartfromwell-documentedlexical（詞匯的）differences-pavement/sidewalk,lift/elevator,etc.一therearestillsomewordsandphraseswhichcancauseconfusionandmisunderstandingbetweenspeakersofthetwodifferentforms.That'swhysonicpeoplesaythatGreatBritainandtheUnitedStatesarenationsseparatedbyacommonlanguage.Therearepracticalreasonsforthis.WhenthefirstEnglishsettlersarrivedinwhatwenowcallAmerica,thelanguagetheyspokewasnaturallythesameasthatspokenbytheircompatriots（同胞）ontheothersideoftheAtlanticOcean.However,theyimmediatelysawthingswhichdidn'texistinEurope,oftenitemsusedandmadebyNativeAmericans,suchascanoesandmoccasinsandcreaturessuchasbuffalo.TheyalsopickedupwordswhichtheyheardbeingusedbyotherEuropeanimmigrants.Theword"boss”，forexample,wasusedbysett