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2022年教師資格之中學(xué)英語學(xué)科知識與教學(xué)能力通關(guān)提分題庫及完整答案單選題(共50題)1、WhichofthefollowingfeaturesisNOToneofthedesignfeaturesoflanguageA.ProductiveB.DualC.SymbolicD.Arbitrary【答案】C2、WhichofthefollowingdonotbelongtothesametypeaccordingtothemannerorplaceofarticulationA./p//b//m/B./θ////h/C./g//h//k/D./g////w/【答案】C3、Passage2A.BirdsB.FlowersC.FoodscrapesD.Scavengers【答案】A4、Allthe_______inthisschoolaretaughtbythesameteacher.A.six-year-oldsB.six-years-oldC.six-year-oldD.six-years-olds【答案】A5、Anewparkhassprungupin__________wasawastelandtenyearsago.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where【答案】B6、--Icanmakeittoyourconcertaround90'clocktomorrownight.A.havefinishedB.hadfinishedC.willbefinishedD.willhavefinished【答案】D7、Socialchangeismorelikelytooccurinsocietieswherethereisamixtureofdifferentkindsofpeoplethaninsocietieswherepeoplearesimilarinmanyways.Thesimplereasonforthisisthattherearemoredifferentwaysoflookingatthingspresentinthefirstkindofsociety.Therearemoreideas,moredisagreementsininterest,andmoregroupsandorganizationswithdifferentbeliefs.Inaddition,thereisusuallyagreaterworldlyinterestandgreatertoleranceinmixedsocieties.Allthesefactorstendtoprotnotesocialchangebyopeningmoreareasoflifetodecision.A.SocialchangetendstomeetwithmoredifficultyinbasicandemotionalaspectsofsocietyB.DisagreementwithandargumentaboutconditionstendtoslowdownsocialchangeC.SocialchangeismorelikelytooccurinthematerialaspectofsocietyD.Socialchangeislesslikelytooccurinwhatpeoplelearnedwhentheywereyoung【答案】B8、Passage1A.theformeristrue;thelatterisfalseB.theformerisafact;thelatterisanopinionC.theformerisaglorificationofwork;thelatterisnotD.theformerisanopinion;thelatterisafact【答案】C9、Passage1A.itshouldbeeliminatedB.itcountsmuchinschoolingC.itplacesextraburdensonteachersD.itisimportantforgrades【答案】B10、Everystudentaswellasteacherswho__________tovisitthemuseumaskedtobeattheschoolgateontime.A.is;isB.are;areC.is;areD.are;is【答案】D11、Ascanbeseen,thecentralgovernmentissparingnopainsto__________theofficialsoveruse?ofpowertomakeahealthierparty.A.keepdownB.keepoutC.keepoffD.keepup【答案】A12、Whenastudentsaid"YesterdayIgoedtoseeafriendofmine",whichofthefollowingwaysforcorrectingerrorsisnotencouraged?A.Oh,yes.IseeyouwenttoseeafriendofyoursB.YougoedtoseeyourfriendC.No,notgoed.YoushouldsaywentD.Sayitagain,please【答案】C13、Passage1A.FilledB.CoveredC.FixedD.Decorated【答案】A14、--DidyouforgetaboutFather'sDay?A.Whatfor?B.I'mafraidsoC.HowcouldI?D.Sowhat?【答案】C15、You_________betoocautiouswhenyouaredrivingespeciallyonthefreeway.A.can'tB.needn'tC.mustn'tD.won't【答案】A16、IntheearlystagesoftheAudio-lingualMethod,thefocusison______skills,withgraduallinkstootherskillsaslearningdevelops.A.speakingB.translatingC.readingD.writing【答案】A17、請閱讀短文。完成第小題。A.DonnaandHerPupilsB.The"ICan't"FuneralC.The"ICan't"andItsRelativesD.The"ICan't"TouchestheLivesofEveryone【答案】B18、WhenAmerican-bornactorMichaelPenawasayearold,hisparentsweredeported.TheyhadillegallywalkedacrosstheU.S.borderfromMexicoandwhentheywerecaughtbyimmigrationauthorities,theysentPenaandhisbrothertostaywithrelativesintheU.S.“Itwasquiteabitofagambleformyparents,”saysPena,“buttheycamebackayearlater.”Pena?sfather,whohadbeenafarmerinMexico,gotajobatabuttonfactoryinChicagoand,eventually,agreencard.PenastayedinChicagountil,at19,hefledtoLosAngelestopursuehisactingdreams.ThisfamilyhistorymakesPena?slatestroleespeciallypersonal.InCesarChavez,PenaplaysthelaborleaderashestrugglestoorganizeimmigrantCaliforniafarmworkersinthe1960s.Topressuregrowerstoimproveworkingconditionsandwages,Chavezledanationalboycottoftablegrapesthatlastedfrom1965to1970andisrecordedinthefilm.Chavez,likePena,wastheAmerican-bornsonofMexicanfarmerswhoimmigratedtotheU.S.“A.EmotionallyB.DeliberatelyC.StronglyD.Actively【答案】C19、Whenwetalkabouttheelementoftheteachingaims“ABCD”,whatdoesthe“C”referto?A.contentB.capacityC.conditionD.competence【答案】C20、ItwouldbealltooeasytosaythatFacebook’smarketmeltdowniscomingtoanend.Afterall,MarkZuckerberg’ssocialA.Sleeplessnessdoesharmtopeople’shealthB.FewpeoplereallyknowtheimportanceofsleepC.ItisimportanttostudyoursleeppatternsD.Averagepeopleprobablysleeplessthantherich【答案】B21、Inthe________ofhumanlifehonorsandrewardstendtofalltothosewhoshowtheirgoodqualitiesinaction.A.ringB.terraceC.arenaD.ground【答案】C22、Whichofthefollowingactivitieswouldhelpstudentsdeveloptheskillofextractingspecificinformation?A.InferringmeaningfromthecontextB.Recognizingtheauthor’sbeliefsandattitudesC.UsinginformationinthereadingpassagetomakehypothesesD.Listeningtotheflightinformationtoseeiftheplaneisontime【答案】D23、Toteachstudentswritingeffectively,teachersmayguidestudentsthroughthewritingprocessasfollows:A.①④③⑤⑥②B.④③⑤①⑥②C.④①⑤③⑥②D.③①④⑥⑤②【答案】C24、Whenateacherleadsstudentstoguessthemeaningofanewwordbasedonthecontextualclue,whichoneofthefollowingapproachesdoesheuse?A.Bottom-upApproachB.Top-downApproachC.InteractiveApproachD.3PApproach【答案】B25、Decideonthecorrectstresspatternoftheanswertothequestion:Whenshallwegotoschool?A.Ithinkweshouldleaveatseveno'clockB.Ithinkweshouldleaveatseveno'clockC.Ithinkweshouldleaveatseveno'clockD.Ithinkweshouldleaveatseveno'clock【答案】C26、Theword"chronology"contains_______morphemes.A.4B.3C.2D.5【答案】C27、Advertiserstendtothinkbigandperhapsthisiswhythey'realwayscominginforcriticism.A.BecauseadvertisersoftenbragB.Becausecriticsthinkadvertisementisa"wasteofmoney"C.BecausecustomersareencouragedtobuymorethannecessaryD.Becausecustomerspaymore【答案】A28、Passage1A.designedbuildingsthatcouldsurviveexplosionsB.continuedtoaidAscanioSobreroinhisresearchesC.wasconstantlysuccessfulinwhateverenterprisetheytookonD.hadtimesinwhichtheystrugglesformoneyandearnedalotofmoney【答案】D29、Thepairofwords"receive/giveiscalledA.converseantonymsB.synonymsC.complementaryantonymsD.gradableantonyms【答案】A30、__________advanceseemstobefollowingadvanceonalmostamonthlybasis.A.SorapidistherateofprogressthatB.RapidastherateofprogressisthatC.SorapidistherateofprogressasD.Rapidastherateofprogressas【答案】A31、WhichofthefollowingactivitiesisNOTappropriatefordevelopingstudents'awarenessofdiscoursecoherence?A.WhichofthefollowingactivitiesisNOTappropriatefordevelopingstudents'awarenessofdiscoursecoherence?B.UnderliningthetopicssentenceofeC.ChangingsentencesfromactiveformsintopassiveonesD.Arrangingallthesentencestoproduceameaningfulpassage【答案】C32、Peer-editingduringclassisanimportantstepofthe_________approachtoteachingwriting.A.genre-basedB.content-basedC.process-orientedD.product-oriented【答案】C33、Forwhatever____,don’tbelateagain,orourworkwillbelaggingfarbehindothers.A.anyreasonsB.areasonC.reasonD.thereason【答案】C34、Manypeoplebelievetheglarefromsnowcausessnow-blindness.Yet,darkglassesornot,theyfindthemselvessufferingfromheadachesandwateringeyes,andevensnow-blindness,whenexposedtoseveralhoursof"snowlight".A.indispensibleB.usefulC.ineffectiveD.available【答案】C35、Passage2A.canbeassociativeB.arenotunconsciousC.canbedangerousD.arenotimpulsive【答案】A36、Passage2A.EvilB.PalatableC.PlainD.Notorious【答案】C37、Passage2A.TheyencouragethefarmerstoproducegeneticallymodifiedproductsB.TheyencouragethefarmerstodependonthemselvesforseedsC.TheystronglysupportthelegalizationofgeneticallymodifiedproductsD.Theyencouragethefarmerstoupgradetheirfarmstobiggerones【答案】B38、Manyautomobileaccidentswere____carelessdriving.A.attributedtoB.resultedinC.contributedtoD.raisedfrom【答案】A39、Itisgenerallyagreedthatthefirsttruecitiesappearedabout5,000yearsagointhefood-producingcommunitiesoftheMiddleEast.ThecitiesofSumeria,EgyptandtheIndusValleypossessedanumberofcharacteristicsthatdistinguishedthemastrulyurban.Thecitieswereverymuchlargerandmoredenselypopulatedthananyprevioussettlement,andtheirfunctionwasclearlydifferentiatedfromthatofthesurroundingvillages.InthecitiestheoldpatternsofkinshiprelationswerereplacedbyacomplexhierarchyofsocialclassesbasedonthespecializationofA.TheOriginandDevelopmentofCitiesB.TheDifferencesBetweenaModernCityandanAncientCityC.TheFunctionsofaCityD.TheCharacteristicsofanAncientCity【答案】D40、Itisplainthatintheyear2020everyonewillhaveathiselbowseveraltimesmoremechanicalenergythanhehastoday.Therewillbeadvanceinbiologicalknowledgeasfarreachingasthosethathavebeenmadeinphysics.Weareonlybeginningtolearnthatwecancontrolourbiologicalenvironmentaswellasourphysicalone.Starvationhasbeenpredictedtwicetoagrowingworldpopulation:byMalthusinabout1800.byCrookesinabout1900.ItwasheadedoffthefirsttimebytakingagriculturetoAmericaandthesecondtimebyusingthenewfertilizers.Intheyear2020,starvationwillbeheadedoffbythecontrolofthediseasesandtheheredityofplantsandanimals--byshapingourownbiologicalenvironment.A.veryhighB.verylowC.thesameastodayD.constantlyrising【答案】B41、Speakingtwolanguagesratherthanjust。onehasobviouspracticalbenefitsinanincreasinglyglobalizedworld.Butinrecentyears,scientistshavebeguntoshowthattheadvantagesofbilingualismareevenmorefundamentalthanbeingabletoconversewithawiderrangeofpeople.Beingbilingual,itturnsout,makesyousmarter.Itcanhaveaprofoundeffectonyourbrain,improvingcognitiveskillsnotrelatedtolanguageandevenshieldingagainstdementiainoldage.Thisviewofbilingualismisremarkablydifferentfromtheunderstandingofbilingualismthroughmuchofthe20thcentury.Researchers,educatorsandpolicymakerslongconsideredasecondlanguagetobeaninterference,cognitivelyspeaking,thathinderedachild'sacademicandintellectualdevelopment.A.Itimpedesachild'sacademicgrowthB.Itimprovesachild'scognitiveflexibilityC.Itdivertsachild'sattentionfromonethingtoanotherD.Itenablesachildtousetwolanguagesinterchangeable【答案】B42、WhichofthefollowingisNOTacompoundword?A.landladyB.greenhouseC.upliftD.unacceptable【答案】D43、Apersonneedstoknowwhohe/sheisbeforebeingabletoknowwhat_________makeshimorherhappy.A.isitthatB.itisthatC.isitwhichD.itiswhich【答案】B44、Ithinktheboss,ratherthantheworkers,_______toblameforthefirethatcausedsomanydeaths.A.areB.wereC.wasD.tobe【答案】C45、Thequality-orientededucationrequirestolightenstudents′load,soitisimportanttoimproveclassroominstructionefficiency,whichshouldbeundertheguaranteeofteachingmanagement,__________isthemostsignificantwaytoclassroommanagement.A.TeachingprocessmanagementB.ClassroomdisciplinemanagementC.ClassroomenvironmentmanagementD.Conductmanagement【答案】B46、Whatteachingmethodisusedbytheteacherifmuchofhis/herclasstimeisspentondrillingsentencepatternsfollowedbyexerciseslikerepetition,memorization,mimicry,etc?A.TheNaturalApproachB.TheCommunicativeApproachC.TheAudio-lingualMethoD.TheGrammar-translationMethod【答案】C47、請閱讀短文,完成此題。A.ThemanmaybemorelikelytobeunfaithfulthanotherhusbandsB.ThewomanwillprobablydomorethanhershareofhouseworkC.ThemanwillfeelthatheisbadlyinneedofmanlinessD.Thewifemaylookdownonherhusband【答案】D48、“Museum”isaslipperyword.Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,aA.theRomansB.FlorenceC.OlympiaD.Greek【答案】D49、Thestudyofhowsoundsareputtogetherandusedtoconveymeaningincommunicationis__________.A.morphologyB.generallinguisticsC.phonologyD.semantics【答案】C50、請閱讀短文,完成此題。A.Tointerruptsittingasoftenaspossibleisgoodforpeople'shealthB.SittingforlongtimecanhardlybeavoidedC.KeepexercisingcaneliminatetheharmofsittingD.Officeworkersdon'tliketoexercise【答案】A大題(共10題)一、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù),用中文作答。下面是某英語教師在教授TheOlympicGames一課后布置的作業(yè):?Nowyouhavetwotasks.Oneistofinishthelisteningpartinworkbook.TheotheristofindaninterestingmythologyabouttheOlympicGamesandsharewithustomorrow.根據(jù)作業(yè)內(nèi)容回答以下問題:?(1)該作業(yè)布置的合理嗎?(2)布置作業(yè)應(yīng)注意哪些事項?(3)常見的作業(yè)有哪些形式?請結(jié)合實例為本課設(shè)置新的作業(yè)形式(至少一種)?!敬鸢浮?1)兩個作業(yè)都比較合理.第一個作業(yè)完成課后作業(yè)里的聽力部分,目的是讓學(xué)生在課后能繼續(xù)復(fù)習(xí)本節(jié)課所學(xué)內(nèi)容,同時鍛煉了聽的能力:第二個作業(yè)屬于開放式的作業(yè).讓學(xué)生在課后搜集與奧林匹克運動會有關(guān)的話題.并在第二天的時候進(jìn)行匯報.這樣的作業(yè)形式既沒有很大的書寫量又鍛煉了學(xué)生的信息搜集能力和語言組織能力.是比較好的作業(yè)形式。(2)布置的作業(yè)既不要給學(xué)生造成壓力又要能讓學(xué)生在課后很好地復(fù)習(xí)所學(xué)知識.所以教師要注意作業(yè)的形式,不要布置讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行機(jī)械記憶的作業(yè),而要讓學(xué)生多動手.利用多種資源找到和本節(jié)課話題有關(guān)的知識.鍛煉聽說能力.將課堂所學(xué)的知識技能應(yīng)用到實際生活中去.(3)課時作業(yè)、課本劇表演作業(yè)、問卷調(diào)查作業(yè)、采訪型作業(yè)、辯論型作業(yè)。本節(jié)課也可以采用問卷調(diào)查類型的作業(yè),讓學(xué)生回家之后調(diào)查家人朋友對奧林匹克運動會的熟悉程度.并做詳細(xì)記錄.第二節(jié)課再和同學(xué)們分享家人朋友的感想.二、請簡要分析該教師的行為體現(xiàn)了教學(xué)反饋的什么要求。教學(xué)片段:T:What’sthethemeofthepassageWhydoyouthinksoStudentA,please.A:Thepassageisabouttheinventionoftabletennis.T:Good.AnyotherideasStudentB.B:Itisaboutwhoinventsthetabletennis.T:OK,sitdownplease.Anyoneelse(Afteraminute.)T:OK.WhoagreeswithStudentAPleaseraiseyourhand.(Somestudentsraisetheirhand.)T:WhoagreeswithStudentB(Someotherstudentsraisetheirhand.)T:Great.Nowlet’sreadthepassageagain,andpayattentiontothefirstsentenceofeachparagraph.Let’sworkouttogetherwhoseopinionisthemainideaofthepassage,A’sorB’s.【答案】這段案例體現(xiàn)了教學(xué)反饋要有目的性,要有及時性,要體現(xiàn)參與度和要有啟發(fā)性。本案例中讀完文章后教師立即設(shè)置問題,體現(xiàn)了反饋的及時性。教師設(shè)置提問反饋的目的是看看學(xué)生是否采取了正確的閱讀策略獲取文章大意,具有很強(qiáng)的針對性。通過讓學(xué)生舉手表決的方式,體現(xiàn)了教學(xué)反饋的參與度。通過鼓勵其他學(xué)生提出不同的見解,最后又點撥學(xué)生通過認(rèn)真讀每段的第一句話來總結(jié)文章的中心思想,體現(xiàn)了教學(xué)反饋的啟發(fā)性。三、根據(jù)提供的信息和語言素材設(shè)計教學(xué)方案,用英文作答。設(shè)計任務(wù):請閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語言素材,設(shè)計一節(jié)英語聽說課的教學(xué)方案。教案沒有固定格式,但須包含下列要點:·teachingobjectives·teachingcontents·keyanddifficultpoints·majorstepsandtimeallocation·activitiesandjustifications教學(xué)時間:45分鐘學(xué)生概況:某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)九年級(初中三年級)學(xué)生,班級人數(shù)40人,多數(shù)已經(jīng)達(dá)到《義務(wù)教育英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(2011版)》四級水平,學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。語言素材:Girl1:WelcometotheEnglishclub.Todaywe'regoingtotalkaboutthebestwaystolearnEnglish.Whohasanidea?Boy1:DoyoulearnEnglishbywatchingEnglishvideos?Girl2:No.It'stoohardtounderstandthevoices.【答案】TeachingContents:ItcontainsadialogueaboutthebestwaystolearnEnglish.Itcanhelpstudentstolearnsomeimportantsentencepatterns.TeachingObjectives:(1)KnowledgeobjectiveStudentscanmasterthesentencepatterns:Whatabout...?Haveyoueverstudiedwithagroup?Yes,!have.I'velearnedalotthatway.(2)AbilityobjectiveStudentscanimprovetheirlisteningandspeakingabilitiesandcommunicativecompetence.(3)EmotionalobjectiveStudentscancultivatethehabitofjoiningEnglishclubintheirschooltoimprovetheirEnglishskills.TeachingKeyandDifficultPoints:Communicatewithothersonthetopic--"thebestwaystolearnEnglishfreely".TeachingMethods:1.Pairwork2.TeachingbyexplanationTeachingAid:四、范文對于英語寫作主要有以下三方面的作用:(1)范文能夠說明所用體裁的特點。文章都有一定的體裁,如故事、演講、會話等。不同的交際目的產(chǎn)生不同的篇章.形成不同的體裁.在篇章結(jié)構(gòu)和語法形式上產(chǎn)生一定的特色。對于中國學(xué)生而言,雖然他們很早就知道文章有記敘文、說明文等的分別.雖然他們從一開始就學(xué)會了按“三段式”來組織文章(第一段是論點,第二段是主要內(nèi)容,包括論證的證據(jù)或故事的情節(jié)等,第三段是結(jié)論),但范文的作用在他們的外語寫作中仍然不可忽視。一方面,漢語的語篇模式和英語的語篇模式并不完全一致。一般而言,漢語的主題往往不直接點出,需要先有一個所謂的鋪墊,而英語文章的主題往往直截了當(dāng)?shù)亟o出。另一方面.具體的范文遠(yuǎn)比一些抽象的分類更具有操作意義上的指導(dǎo)作用.(2)范文是說明英語語篇銜接手段如何使用的最好語境。連貫是篇章的主要特征,使用各種語篇銜接手段是建立語篇連貫的主要途徑。熟悉這些英語的銜接手段能夠大大減輕寫作過程中的微計劃(micro-planning)所帶來的負(fù)擔(dān),加快語言生成的速度。微計劃生成語言信息,明確如何分配主題、焦點或新信息等內(nèi)容,與具體的語言有關(guān)。英語中是否有現(xiàn)成的信息銜接手段顯然會影響信息的分配和組織.(3)范文能夠開闊學(xué)生的思路。寫什么是寫作計劃需要解決的問題.也是學(xué)生感到非常苦惱的事情。擴(kuò)大知識面是解決這個問題的主要途徑。另外,要學(xué)會在動筆前積極思考,激活并調(diào)用大腦中已有的知識,養(yǎng)成良好的寫作習(xí)慣和思維習(xí)慣。范文在教學(xué)中的使用步驟及每個步驟的教學(xué)目標(biāo):(1)利用范文進(jìn)行謀篇布局。師生要能夠在范文的結(jié)構(gòu)和語言方面進(jìn)行討論,并弄清楚兩個問題:①這類文章結(jié)構(gòu)和語言如何為文章的交際目的服務(wù);②還有哪些別的可能的結(jié)構(gòu)和語言上的變化。只有這樣.學(xué)生才能最大限度地利用范文來指導(dǎo)寫作而不受范文的限制.才有可能避免全班學(xué)生千篇一律的現(xiàn)象、(2)利用范文達(dá)到連貫的效果。該步驟的教學(xué)目標(biāo)是使學(xué)習(xí)者在寫作中避免出現(xiàn)連接語使用不夠的現(xiàn)象.造成文章的邏輯跳躍性很大.理解起來比較困難。也有相當(dāng)一部分學(xué)生主觀上想盡量多用連接語,以加強(qiáng)句子之間的銜接.但結(jié)果是連接語過分堆積,不僅不能增強(qiáng)語義方面的銜接力.反而往往會增加冗余信息.甚至造成語義上的邏輯混亂。這種現(xiàn)象也是寫作教學(xué)應(yīng)盡量避免的內(nèi)容?!敬鸢浮?1)選詞填空練習(xí)的目的:①這類選詞填空的練習(xí)可以幫助學(xué)生鞏固詞匯。詞匯教學(xué)是英語教學(xué)的主要任務(wù)之一.能否充分有效地進(jìn)行詞匯教學(xué)是學(xué)生能否順利度過“高原期”進(jìn)入更高一級從而自由得體地運用英語的關(guān)鍵所在。作為詞匯教學(xué)的有機(jī)組成部分.教材中的詞匯練習(xí)無疑具有重要作用。②考查學(xué)生對句子結(jié)構(gòu)的認(rèn)知和在狹義語境中對詞匯的微觀了解,包括詞匯的詞性、解釋和常用搭配。每個句子只是一個微型的語境.因此很能鍛煉學(xué)生利用較少信息處理問題的能力。③考查學(xué)生根據(jù)語境中已知部分推知未知部分的能力。學(xué)習(xí)者可以根據(jù)語境信息大致推斷出所填詞的詞義內(nèi)容,進(jìn)而從選項中選擇與之對應(yīng)的詞語。(2)此類練習(xí)對語言學(xué)習(xí)和使用的意義:①選詞填空作為一種考查對詞義的初步理解和運用的詞匯練習(xí)形式.能夠較為有效地復(fù)習(xí)和鞏固本課所學(xué)生詞,從而為更高層次的輸出性練習(xí)打下基礎(chǔ)。在“詞一句一段”三級訓(xùn)練單位中,“詞”是前提,是實現(xiàn)句和段的必要條件。雖然英語教學(xué)的一大重點是培養(yǎng)學(xué)習(xí)者的成段表達(dá)能力,但基礎(chǔ)性的詞匯練習(xí)同樣不可忽視。因為只有在掌握詞義、了解詞語正確用法的基礎(chǔ)上.才能保證句子和語段的正確輸出。②該練習(xí)對于學(xué)生鍛煉如何把握和利用語境有很大的作用。語境能夠鞏固詞語搭配知識和訓(xùn)練詞義推測能力,對學(xué)習(xí)者詞匯習(xí)得是比較有效的。學(xué)生在理解語境的基礎(chǔ)上推測所填詞的詞義內(nèi)容,最后做出與目標(biāo)語境相匹配的答案。在這個過程中,學(xué)生的理解能力和記憶力都會得到鍛煉。③有利于學(xué)生對詞匯的正確運用。結(jié)合語境練習(xí)詞匯就脫離了抽象記憶詞匯所帶來的不科學(xué)因素。如果脫離語境,即使學(xué)生將詞匯的含義記憶下來,到真正使用的時候還是不知道應(yīng)該怎么運用;如果學(xué)生在記憶單詞的同時還能夠關(guān)注單詞的語境.當(dāng)出現(xiàn)類似用法的時候?qū)W生便可以運用自如了。五、下面是某教師在一堂針對高一年級學(xué)生聽力課的聽力材料及某一個教學(xué)步驟的記錄。聽力材料:一篇關(guān)于世界石油爭端問題的新聞Teacher:NowlistentothetapecarefullyandanswerthequestionsonPPT.Teacher:OK.Whocananswerthequestions(個別學(xué)生對問題進(jìn)行了回答,但是都沒有回答對)Teacher:NoonecananswerOK.Let’slistenagain.Teacher:OK.Now,cananyoneanswerthequestions(再聽一遍之后依然沒有學(xué)生回答正確)Teacher:Now,lookatthescriptofthelisteningmaterialandanswerthequestions.根據(jù)上面所給的信息.從下列三個方面作答:(1)請問所描述的教學(xué)情境屬于聽力教學(xué)的哪一個教學(xué)步驟此步驟的教學(xué)目的是什么(2)為什么沒有學(xué)生能夠正確回答關(guān)于聽力材料的問題請分析其可能原因。這位老師的教學(xué)步驟存在什么問題(3)請根據(jù)存在的問題提出相應(yīng)的建議?!敬鸢浮?1)此教學(xué)情境屬于聽力教學(xué)的聽中(while-listening)部分。此教學(xué)步驟的目的是通過各種聽力練習(xí)活動,達(dá)到理解信息和訓(xùn)練技能的目的。(2)原因:本課程的授課對象為高一年級學(xué)生,但是老師所提供的語言材料是討論石油爭端問題的新聞,所以可以判斷.學(xué)生不能正確回答問題主要是因為聽力材料的難度高于學(xué)生應(yīng)有的聽力水平。除此原因外,也可能是問題的設(shè)置較難,超出了學(xué)生的認(rèn)知能力和語言水平。也可能是因為學(xué)生對此話題并不感興趣,而且聽力理解的練習(xí)活動是問答式.較為傳統(tǒng),所以學(xué)生參與度和熱情度并不高。存在問題:①聽力材料難度高,不符合學(xué)生的聽力水平。聽力材料話題較為嚴(yán)肅,不能吸引學(xué)生的興趣。②老師的提問沒有做到面向全體學(xué)生.只是針對個別學(xué)生進(jìn)行了提問。③在提問之后,要對學(xué)生的回答予以反饋,但是老師并沒有做出任何評價.而是又進(jìn)行了下一個步驟。④第二次聽完之后.雖然依然沒有學(xué)生能夠正確回答問題.但是老師應(yīng)該幫助學(xué)生努力回答問題。而不是放棄聽的活動,直接看聽力文本。這樣并沒有達(dá)到此堂課訓(xùn)練聽力理解能力的目的。(3)建議:①選取適合學(xué)生聽力水平、能夠吸引學(xué)生興趣的聽力材料。適當(dāng)調(diào)整聽力理解練習(xí)的活動,例如可以加上小組競賽等方式.也可以將問答題改為填表格等較為新穎的練習(xí)活動。②在設(shè)計問題時,首先檢驗問題的難度是否符合學(xué)生的認(rèn)知能力和語言水平。使用的語言和話語能夠為學(xué)生理解和接受。同時,在對學(xué)生進(jìn)行提問時,要盡可能照顧到大部分學(xué)生,不要只提問一些學(xué)生,要給予每個人機(jī)會?;蛘呖梢越o學(xué)生分組.可以讓學(xué)生先在小組內(nèi)互相發(fā)言.發(fā)表自己的看法。然后選代表進(jìn)行發(fā)言來回答問題。這樣可以讓每一個學(xué)生都有機(jī)會思考及檢驗自己的答案。同時也可以提高學(xué)生的參與度。③在學(xué)生回答問題之后,必須給予學(xué)生反饋,并給予一定的鼓勵.增加學(xué)生的自信心。④在學(xué)生回答之后,首先可以降低問題的難度,例如??梢杂胮araphrase的方式解釋問題的內(nèi)容,讓學(xué)生理解問題。然后可以針對每一個問題,給學(xué)生放錄音,讓學(xué)生聽相應(yīng)的段落,降低聽力的難度。采用分組討論的形式,先討論問題的答案.再請小組代表來回答問題.并給予相應(yīng)的反饋。六、設(shè)計任務(wù):閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語言素材,設(shè)計20分鐘的英語寫作教學(xué)方案。教案沒有固定格式,但必須包含下列要點:·teachingobjectives·teachingcontents·keyanddifficultpoints·majorstepsandtimeallocation·activitiesandjustifications教學(xué)時間:20分鐘學(xué)生概況:某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)高中一年級學(xué)生,班級人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)達(dá)到《普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(實驗)》五級水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。語言素材:DearZhouKai,HowareyouWe′redoingaclasssurveyandIhavetowriteemailstoallmypenfriendsinothercountries.Ihopeyoudon′tmindansweringthesequestions.1DomostadultssmokeinChina【答案】TeachingContents:Thislessonisfromseniorhighschool,anditmainlytalksabouttheadultsmokingissues.Paulismakingasurveyonadultsmoking,sohewritesemailstoallhispenfriendsinothercountriestoseekforhelp.TeachingObjectives:(1)Knowledgeobjectives①Studentscanmasterthebasicstructureofanemail.②StudentscangetmoreinformationaboutsmokingissuesinChina.(2)Abilityobjectives①Studentscanimprovetheirwritingandspeakingabilities.②Studentscanexpresstheiropinionaboutthesmokingissuesindailylife.(3)Emotionalobjectives①StudentscanfostertheinterestanddesireoflearningEnglish,andbefondoftakingpartinclassactivities.②Studentscangettheawarenessofavoidingsmokingandkeepingagoodhealth.TeachingKeyandDifficultPoints:(1)TeachingkeypointStudentscangettoknowhowtowriteanemailtoanalyzethephenomenonofsmokinginChina.七、設(shè)計任務(wù):請閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語言素材,設(shè)計一個25分鐘的聽力教學(xué)活動。教案沒有固定格式.但須包含下列要點:teachingobjectivesteachingcontentskeyanddifficultpointsmajorstepsandtimeallocationactivitiesandjustifications教學(xué)時間:25分鐘學(xué)生概況:某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)高中一年級學(xué)生,班級人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)達(dá)到《普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(實驗)》五級水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。語言素材:Whydoearthquakeshappen?Scientistsexplainthattheoutsideoftheearthismadeofanumberofdifferentplates.AtSanFrancisco,thePacificplatewhichismovingtowardsthenorthwestmeetstheNorthAmericanplate.ThePacificplateismovingveryslowly--at5.3centimetersayear.Sometimesthesetwoplatesstopanddonotmoveforyears.Thensuddenly,theyjumpandanearthquakeisfelt.Asaresultofthemovementoftheseplates,Californiahasalwayshadalotofearthquakes.Whenthe1906earthquakehappened,thePacificplatejumped5-6meterstothenorth.Chinaalsohasanunluckyplaceontheearth.ThePacificplateisalsopushingonChinafromtheeastastheplatemoveswest.Likewise,theIndianplateispushingonChinafromthesouthwestasthatplatemovesnortheast.ThesamepowerthatproducedthegreatHimalayanMountainsnowcausesearthquakesinChina.Wecannotstopearthquakes,butwecandothingstomakesuretheydonotdestroywholecities.First,itisnotagoodideatobuildhousesalongthelineswheretwooftheearth'splatesjointogether.Second,ifyouthinktheremaybeanearthquake,itisbettertobuildhousesonrockthanonsand.Third,youmustmakethehousesasstrongaspossible.Weakbuildingswillfalldowninanearthquake,butstrongonesmaystayup.【答案】ClassType:ListeningclassTeachingContents:Thetopicisabouttheearthquakes.TeachingObjectives:(1)KnowledgeobjectivesStudentscanlearnsomeusefulwordsandexpressionsaboutearthquakes.Studentscanknowaboutthebasicknowledgeofearthquakesthelisteningmaterialrefersto.(2)AbilityobjectivesStudentscandeveloptheirabilitytogetspecificinformationandtakenoteswhilelistening.Studentscanimprovetheirspeakingabilitythroughdiscussionandcommunication.(3)EmotionalobjectivesStudentscanlearnmoreaboutbasicknowledgeofearthquakessoastoknowhowtoreducelossesofearthquakesandhowtoprotectoneselfandhelpothersinearthquakes.StudentscanbemoreconfidentinspeakingEnglishinclassandcancooperatewithothersactively,andcompletethetaskstogether.TeachingKeyPoints:Howtodevelopthestudents'listeningability.八、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù),用中文作答。下面是某初中教師的課堂教學(xué)片段。(TaskedSstomakesentencesaccordingtotheinformationontheBb.)T:Now,let′slookattheblackboardandmakesentences.Isay"Idon′thaveabasketball"andyousay"Ourteacherdoesn′thaveabasketball".Isay"Ihaveavolleyball"andyousay"Ourteacherhasavolleyball".LiXing,makethethirdsentence...(TwrotesentencesontheBb.)LiXing:Tomhaveatennisracket.T:IsitcorrectNo,weshouldsayitlikethis"Tomhasatennisracket".Wedon′tput"have"after"He,She,Tom,Lucy".Weshouldsay"Hehas...,Shehas...,Tomhas...,Lucyhas...".(TwrotethewrongsentenceontheBbandcorrectedit.)T:Nextone,LiLei,please.LiLei:Jimhasaping-pongball.T:Yes.(TwroteitontheBb.)Nextone,ZhangHong,please.ZhangH0ng:LiLeidon′thaveasoccerball.T:No,no,no.Wrongagain.WhatisthecorrectanswerSs:LiLeidoesn′thaveasoccerball.T:Yes.(TwrotethecorrectanswerontheBb.)【答案】(1)①學(xué)生在英語學(xué)習(xí)過程中缺少語言環(huán)境,受母語表達(dá)習(xí)慣影響。②與漢語不同,英語謂語動詞需要隨著時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化而變化。(2)該教師采用了直接糾錯法來糾正學(xué)生的錯誤,即學(xué)生出現(xiàn)語言錯誤時,教師對其錯誤予以正面糾正(說出正確的語言形式,并讓學(xué)生改正)。(3)①在課堂教學(xué)過程中,特別是在提問的過程中,很多學(xué)生都缺乏自信,羞于開口說英語。針對學(xué)生回答錯誤的情況,教師應(yīng)當(dāng)以鼓勵性評
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