Unit4Topic2SectionC（知識精講分層練習）（教師版）

Unit4Topic2SectionC目標導航目標導航單詞1.solarsystem太陽系2.Romanadj.古羅馬的3.godn.上帝，神4.diametern.直徑5.stormn.風暴，暴風雨6.gravityn.重力，引力7.weighv.重，有……重8.generallyadv.一般地，通常9.journeyn.（尤指長途）旅行10.limitv.限制，限定n.限度；限制11.excitementn.激動，令人激動的事兒短語1.writeback給……回信2.after...after...以…命名3.thegodofwar戰(zhàn)神4.aswide/longas和......一樣寬/長5.goaround...繞著…運行6.atadistanceof...相隔7.onthesurfaceof...在……的表面8.becoveredby/with被......覆蓋9.beclosestto...離…最近10.searchformoreinformation(about.…)搜索更多（有關(guān)……的）信息11.gowell進展順利12.thelivingconditions生活條件13.thewatersupplies水供給14.beworthit值得一做重點句子1.MarsisthefourthplanetfromthesuninoursolarsystemandisnamedafterMars,theRomangodofwar.火星是太陽系中的第四顆行星，以羅馬戰(zhàn)神馬斯的名字命名。2.Itsdiameteris53%aswideasthatoftheearth.它的直徑是地球直徑的53%。3.Marsgoesaroundthesunatadistanceofabout228millionkilometers.火星在相距大約兩億兩千八百萬千米的地方繞著太陽旋轉(zhuǎn)。4.YoucantellwhichplanetisMarsbecauseitisbrightredinthenightsky.你能辨別出哪顆行星是火星，因為它在夜空中呈現(xiàn)出明亮的紅色。5.ThegravityonthesurfaceofMarsisabouttwo-fifthsasstrongasitisonearth.火星表面的引力大約是地球表面引力的五分之二。’知知識精講1.【課文原句】MarsisthefourthplanetfromthesuninoursolarsystemandisnamedafterMars,theRomangodofwar.火星是太陽系中離太陽第四遠的行星，以羅馬戰(zhàn)神馬爾斯的名字命名。（1）name（動詞），意為“命名，給......取名”，后接雙賓語，構(gòu)成：namesb./sth.+名稱。e.g.TheynamedtheirsonBruce.他們給兒子取名為布魯斯。（2）benamedafter...意為“（被）以......命名”，是被動語態(tài)的形式。e.g.China’sfirstlunarprobewasnamedafterChang’e.中國的第一顆月球探測器是以嫦娥命名的?！就卣埂恐鲃诱Z態(tài)為name...after...意為“給......取名”。e.g.WenamedChina’sfirstlunarprobeafterChang’e.我們把第一顆月球探測器命名為嫦娥。2.【課文原句】Itsdiameteris53%aswideasthatoftheearth.它的直徑是地球直徑的53%。（1）as...as...意為“和......一樣”，中間接形容詞或副詞的原級。否定式為notas...as...，意為“不如......那樣......”3.【課文原句】Marsgoesaroundthesunatadistanceofabout228millionkilometers.火星以大約2.28億公里的距離繞太陽運行。（1）goaround意為“環(huán)繞，繞著”（2）distance（可數(shù)名詞），意為“距離”distant（形容詞），意為“遙遠的”atadistanceof意為“相隔”；atadistance意為“在遠處”。（3）介詞短語atadistanceofabout228millionkilometers作后置定語修飾thesun，意為“相隔兩億兩千八百萬米之外的太陽”。4.【課文原句】YoucantellwhichplanetisMarsbecauseitisbrightredinthenightsky.（1）tell在這里為“辨別，區(qū)別，認出”。（2）此句是一個由疑問詞which引導的賓語從句，從句planetisMars作動詞tell的賓語，并且從句部分為陳述句語序。5.【課文原句】Butduringspringandsummer,thesurfaceofMarsiscoveredbystrongstorms.但是在春天和夏天，火星表面會被強烈的風暴覆蓋。（1）surface（可數(shù)名詞），意為“表面”（2）becovered意為“被覆蓋”。becoveredwith意為“被遮蓋，遮蔽”e.g.Themountainiscoveredwithsnowallyearround.大山終年被雪覆蓋?！颈嫖觥縝ecoveredwith與becoveredby①becoveredwith意為“被......覆蓋著”，強調(diào)狀態(tài)。e.g.Thegroundiscoveredwiththickleaves.地面覆蓋著厚厚的樹葉。②becoveredby意為“被......覆蓋住”，強調(diào)動作。e.g.Thegroundiscoveredwiththickleaves.地面被厚厚的樹葉所覆蓋。【拓展】①cover...with...意為“把......用......蓋住”e.g.Anncoveredherfacewithherhands.安用雙手捂住了臉。②cover（可數(shù)名詞），意為“封皮，封面”6.【課文原句】ThegravityonthesurfaceofMarsisabouttwo-fifthsasstrongasitisonearth.火星表面的引力大約是地球引力的五分之二。（1）介詞短語onthesurfaceofMars作gravity的后置定語，意為“火星表面的引力”（2）two-fifthsasstrongas...意為“相當于......的五分之二強度”，two-fifths=twofifthse.g.halfasbigas...像......一半那樣大twiceaslongas...像......兩倍那樣長7.【課文原句】Soapersonwhoweighs90kilosonearthweighsonly36kilosonMars.所以一個在地球上體重90公斤的人在火星上只有36公斤。（1）此句中的whoweighs90kilosonearth是一個定語從句，修飾前面的名詞aperson，意為“在地球上稱重90千克的人”。（2）weigh（及物動詞），意為“重，有多重”。e.g.Thelargestoneweighsover10tons.這塊巨石有10多噸重。【拓展】weight（不可數(shù)名詞），意為“重量；分量”e.g.What’syourweight？=Howmuchdoyouweight？你體重多少？8.【課文原句】IttakesaspaceshipabouteightmonthstoreachMarsfromtheearthwhenthetwoplanetsareclosesttoeachother.當兩個行星彼此最接近時，宇宙飛船需要大約八個月的時間才能從地球到達火星。（1）Ittakes+主語+sometimetodosth.做某事花了（主語）多長時間?！癐ttakesaspaceshipabouteightmonthstoreachMarsfromtheearth”意為“從地球到火星宇宙飛船用了8個月的時間”。（2）closeto...意為“離......近”。close此處為形容詞，意為“（在空間、時間上）接近”，其反義詞是far，比較級為closer，最高級為closest?！就卣埂竣賑lose（形容詞），意為“親密的”②close（及物動詞），意為“關(guān)閉，關(guān)上”，反義詞是open，意為“打開”。9.【課文原句】Ioftenmissmyfamily,buttheexcitementofbeingonMarsisworthit.我經(jīng)常想念我的家人，但在火星上的興奮是值得的。（1）excitement（可數(shù)名詞），意為“興奮；激動”（2）worth（形容詞），意為“值得，有......價值的”，常用短語有：①beworthdoingsth.意為“值得做某事”，句子的主語為do的賓語。e.g.Theplaceisworthvisiting.這個地方值得參觀。②beworth+錢意為“值多少錢”e.g.Thepictureisworth30￥.這幅畫值30元。③beworth+名詞意為“值得......”e.g.Idon’tthinkit’sworthourwork.我覺得這件事不值得我們付出勞動。分層作業(yè)分層作業(yè)題組A基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練I.基礎(chǔ)短語回顧1.太陽系____________________ 2.以…命名_________________3.繞著…運行__________________ 4.更糟糕的是_____________________5.進展順利_____________________ 6.離…最近_________________7.搜索更多(有關(guān)…的)信息____________________ 8.有好處，值得一干____________________9.被…覆蓋_______________________ 10.相隔____________________11.百分之五十三寬________________ 12.五分之二強__________________13.限制用水____________________【答案】1.solarsystem2.benamedafter3.goaround4.what’sworse5.gowell6.beclosestto7.searchformoreinformation(about) 8.beworthit9.becoveredwith10.atadistanceof11.53%aswideas12.two-fifthsasstrongas13.limittheuseofwaterII.單項選擇1.Themoongoesaroundtheearth______adistanceofabout380,000kilometers.A.is B.for C.with D.at【答案】D【解析】考查短語atadistanceof“相隔……”的表達。句意：月球以大約38萬公里的距離繞地球運行。故選D。2.It______alongtimesincewereachedBeijing.A.is B.was C.hasbeen D.hadbeen【答案】C【解析】考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)：Ithasbeen+一段時間+since+從句。意思為：自從....已經(jīng)有一段時間了。故選C。3.—Don’tthrowaboutyournewspaper!—Sorry,I’mbusynow.Theywill_____later. A.collect B.becollect C.becollected D.collected【答案】C【解析】考查一般將來時的被動語態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)是“will+be+v-ed”。故選C。4.It_____methreehourstofinishthework.A.spends B.takes C.costs D.pays【答案】B【解析】考查英語中“花費”表示方法。Ittakes/took+時間+todosth.spend+時間+(in)doingsth,cost和pay都不能指花費時間做某事。故選B。5.Manytreesandflowers_____inourschoollastyearandtheymadeourschoolabeautifulgarden.A.haveplanted B.areplanted C.wereplanted D.willbeplanted【答案】C【解析】考查被動語態(tài)，根據(jù)lastyear可知應(yīng)該用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故選C。III.根據(jù)句意及所給提示完成句子1.Ourschoolismuch___________(big)thantheirs.2.Thewellistoodeepforus__________(reach)thebottom.3.Lindaalwaysdoesherhomeworkas__________(well)astheexam.4.Ittakesustwodays_________（finish）onetopic.5.Thebookisworth__________(read),becauseitissointeresting.【答案】1.bigger2.toreach3.well4.tofinish5.readingIV.根據(jù)漢語意思完成下列句子。1.Thecapitalofthiscountryis__________________(以……命名)thefirstpresident.2.The_________________（太陽系）wasformed4.5billionyearsago.3.Pleasemeasurethe_________（直徑）ofthiscircle.4.Policeare__________________（尋找）thethief.5.Markdoesn’thavenaymoney._____________________（更糟糕的是），hehaslosthisjob.【答案】1.namedafter2.solarsystem3.diameter4.searchingfor5.What’sworse題組B能力提升練I.完形填空Howdoyouimaginethefuture?Willlifeinthefuturebebetter,worseorthesameasnow?

1doyouthinkofthefuture?People2thatlifewillprobablybeverydifferentin2050.Firstofall,largerplanes3,soflyingwillbeverycheap.Solarpower(太陽能)willbeusedinthecarsandthecarswillbemuchcleanerandsafer.Everyonewillhavesuchacar.Robotswillbe4hereandthere.Andspaceplaneswilltakeusaroundtheworld5twarminwinterandcoolinsummer,sotheywillbeverycomfortable,wewill6ourhomes.Computerswillbechangedintoverysmallsotheywillbevery7.PeoplewilldomanythingsontheInternet.Atthattime,waterwillbecomeoneofourmost8problems.Inmanyplaces,farmerswillbeingreatneedofwaterto9fruitandvegetables.By2050,wewill10abletohelpblindanddeaf(聾)peopleseeagainandhearagain.Atthattime,ourlifewillbecomebetterandbetter.1.A.Which B.How C.Why D.What2.A.think B.disagree C.plan D.worry3.A.isproduced B.willbeproduced C.produces D.wasproduced4.A.seeing B.seen C.saw D.sees5.A.in B.after C.for D.at6.A.heats B.toheat C.heating D.heated7.A.heavy B.new C.long D.light8.A.pleasant B.possible C.serious D.interesting9.A.sell B.check C.buy D.grow10.A.can B.be C.could D.are【答案及解析】1.DWhatdoyouthinkof…意為“你覺得……怎么樣”。2.A下文說2050年的生活可能是不同的，常識可知這只是人們的“認為”。3.B考查一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。4.B考查一般將來時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：will+be+v-ed。5.A上文說太空飛機將帶著我們環(huán)游世界，顯然指時間短促，即兩小時之內(nèi)。6.Busesthtodosth意為“使用某物做某事”。7.D上文說計算機小，結(jié)合選項可知計算機應(yīng)該很輕。8.C根據(jù)下文很多地方農(nóng)民需要水，可見水將是嚴重的問題之一。9.D農(nóng)民需要水的目的是種植水果和蔬菜。10.B考查beableto的結(jié)構(gòu)。III.閱讀理解Itis40meterslongand6meterswide.Thismustbethebiggestbusyouhaveeverseen.Itcancarry1,200to1,400people.ItisChina’snewSuperBus.ItisgoingforatestruninBeijingattheendofthisyear.SomeothercitiesarealsointerestedinrunningtheSuperBus.Theyhopethetrafficproblemswillbesolved.TheSuperBusrunsalongfixedtracks(固定軌道).Thebussitsontopoftwo2.2-meter-talllegs.Thelegshavewheelsatoneend.Smallcarscandriveunderthebus,sotheSuperBusdoesnottakeuproadspace.Thebusrunsonelectricityandsolarpower.Itcantravelupto60kmeveryhour.Itscreator,SongYouzhou,saysalotoftrafficjams(堵塞)willbereduced.TheSuperBuscandotheworkof40buses.Inthatway,itcansave860tonsoffuel(燃料)everyyear,accordingtoSong.“TobuildaSuperBusanditstrackcostslessthanbuildingsubways.Subwaysarenearlytentimesmoreexpensivetobuild.”Songsaid.SomepeopleworrythattheSuperBusmaynotbesafe.However,Songsaysthere’snoneedforconcern.TheSuperBushaslaserscanners(激光掃描儀)betweenitslegs.Thescannersmakesurethecarskeepasafedistance.1.TheSuperBuscancarry________people. A.1,300 B.1,500 C.1,700 D.1,9002.Allthefollowingar