高中英語語法填空、短文改錯專項練習題

專題練習一A(2017?山西省大同市靈丘縣模擬)TheArtofWarisanancientChinesemilitarybook__1__(date)fromthe5thcenturyBC.__2__(write)bytheancientChinesemilitarystrategistSunTzu(“MasterSun”，alsospelledSunzi),thebookconsistsof13chapters,eachof__3_isdevotedtooneaspectofwarfare.Itis__4__(common)thoughtof5agreatworkonmilitarystrategyandtactics(戰(zhàn)術).It6(place)attheheadofChina'sSevenMilitaryClassicsin1080byEmperorShenzongoftheSongDynasty,__7__ithaslongbeenthemostinfluentialstrategytextinEastAsia.Ithashad__8__influenceonEasternandWesternmilitarythinking,businesstactics,legalstrategyandbeyond.ItsfirstcompleteEnglishtranslationwascompletedandpublishedbyLionelGilesin1910.9(leader)suchasMaoZedong,GeneralVoNguyenGiap,GeneralDouglasMacArthurandsoonhavedrawn__10__(inspire)fromthework.答案與解析文章介紹了“孫子兵法”這本中國古代杰出的軍事作品，以及對后人的影響。1．dating考查非謂語動詞。此處datingfrom是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語，修飾book。2.Written考查非謂語動詞。分析句式可知，write和句子主語thebook之間是被動關系，故用過去分詞形式表示被動。3.which考查關系代詞。根據(jù)句式可知，此處是一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞為13chapters,所以用monly考查副詞。此處用副詞來修飾thinkof...as短語，句意為普遍被認為是……。as考查介詞。結合4題可知，thinkof...as為固定短語，把當做是……。wasplaced考查被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)句式可知，這本書被放置在……。place和thebook之間是被動結構。and考查連接詞。分析句式可知，and此處連接兩個并列句。an考查冠詞。此處考查固定短語，haveaninfluenceon意思是對…產(chǎn)生影響。Leaders考查名詞。根據(jù)后面的“MaoZedong,GeneralVoNguyenGiap,GeneralDouglas”可知，這些人都是領導者。inspiration考查名詞。句意為像毛澤東等偉大的領袖都從書中獲得激勵和鼓舞。B(2017?湖北省華中師大聯(lián)盟)Chinesekungfu,alsoknownaswushuorChinesemartialarts,isoneofthemostwell-knownexamplesoftraditionalChineseculture.Itis1(probable)oneoftheearliestandlongest__2__(last)sportswhichusesbothmusclesandbrain.Thetheoryofkungfuisbased__3__classicalChinesephilosophy(哲學).Overitslonghistoryit__4__(develop)asauniquecombinationofexercise,practicalself-defense,self-discipline,andart.ItisestimatedthatChinesekungfudatesbacktoprimitivesociety.Atthattimepeopleusedsticks__5_(fight)againstwildbeasts.Graduallythey6(accumulate)experienceinselfdefense.Chinesekungfuisalargesystemoftheoryandpractice.Itcombines7(technique)ofself-defenseandhealth-keeping.InChinesekungfu,however,a_8_(different)ismadebetween“external(外家的)”and“internal”kungfu.9issaidthat“Inexternalkungfu,youexerciseyourtendons,bones,andskin;ininternalkungfu,youtrainyourspirit,yourqi,andyourmind.”Andsointernalkungfucancontinuelaterinlife,10_theexternalbodyweakens.答案與解析1．probably考查副詞。句意：中國功夫可能是同時使用肌肉和大腦的持久性運動中最早的以及歷史最悠久的運動之一。這里用副詞修飾句子，故用probably。2．lasting考查形容詞。這里用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，相當于形容詞。lasting持久的，lastingsports持久性運動。故這里用lasting。3．on/upon考查固定搭配。句意：武術的理論基于中國古典哲學。bebasedon/upon以為基礎。故這里用on/upon。4．hasdeveloped考查現(xiàn)在完成時。句意：經(jīng)過一段很長的歷史，武術已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為一項運動，自衛(wèi)、自律和藝術于一體的獨特運動。根據(jù)句意可知，這里要用現(xiàn)在完成時，故用hasdeveloped。5．tofight考查不定式。句意：那時人們用木棍來抵御野獸。用不定式表示目的，用tofight。6．a(chǎn)ccumulated句意：他們逐漸在自衛(wèi)中積累經(jīng)驗。根據(jù)上下文可知，這里是在敘述原始社會的事情，故用一般過去式的accumulated。7．techniques考查可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。句意：它結合了自衛(wèi)和養(yǎng)生的技術。self-defense和health-keeping是兩個方面的技術，故用techniques。8．difference句意：然而，中國功夫有“外家”和“內(nèi)家”之分。不定冠詞a后接名詞形式的difference。It考查形式主語。這里用it做本句的形式主語，真正的主語是that引導的主語從句。句意：據(jù)說，外家功夫練習的是肌腱、骨骼、皮膚；內(nèi)家功夫練習的是精、氣、神。故這里用It。when考查連詞。句意：因此當外在身體變?nèi)鯐r，內(nèi)家功夫能在后來的時間里繼續(xù)。根據(jù)句意可知這里用when。C(2017?湖南三湘名校聯(lián)考)Overweightchildrenandteenagersagedbetween5and18intheChinamainland__1_(reach)8.5millionin2025,anumber__2__surpasses(超過)thepopulationofSpain,astudysaid.Accordingtothestudy,amongtheobeseChineseyouth,millionsofthem__3__(report)tosufferfromallkindsofdiseases.Italsostatedthatinalltherewouldbe268millionoverweightschoolagedchildrenworldwideby2025,__4__(include)91millionobesechildren,ifnoeffective5(measure)couldbetakentostoptheexistingtrends.Inactivityandtheconsumptionofjunkfoodandsodadrinkcontributed6thegrowingnumberofoverweight__7_(young)intheworld.__8_(respond)totheincreaseofobesechildreninChina,theStateCouncilreleasedaguidelinethisyear.TheguidelineaimedtopreventmorechildrenfrombecomingobeseanditurgedthatthelocalgovernmentinChina__9_(strength)thetrainingofmedicalstaffaroundchildren'shealthandpromoteknowledgeof__10_(balance)eatinganddrinkinghabitsamongtheirparents.答案與解析本文為新聞報道。中國肥胖青少年人數(shù)在迅速增長，今年國務院發(fā)布了一個指導性文件以防止肥胖人數(shù)的增多。willreach根據(jù)時間狀語in2025可知設空處需用一般將來時，故設空處填willreachthat/which此處為定語從句，先行詞在定語從句中作主語，且先行詞指“物”，故填that或which。werereported根據(jù)下句中state一般過去時），可推知本句需用一般過去時。主語與repor之間為被動關系，故填werereport。including根據(jù)句意可知，此處意為“包括”，故填includingmeasures設空處在句中作主語，measure措施）在本句中應為復數(shù)概念，故填measurestocontribute為固定短語，意為：導致。youth根據(jù)本句中的介詞of可知設空處應為名詞且表示“人”。youth在表示“年輕人的總稱”講時，為不可數(shù)名詞，故填youth。Torespond設空處在句中作目的狀語，故設空處填Torespond。（should）strengthen在“urge+that從句”中，that從句中的謂語動詞需用should^動詞原形，且should可以省略。該用法屬于虛擬語氣用法。balanced本題考查非謂語動詞作定語。設空處作定語，修飾habit且設空處表示狀態(tài)，故填過去分詞balancedD（2017山東省山師大附中模擬）NowadaysSenior3studentsaregeneralfacedwithalotofpressurewhichisrathercommon.Toreduceit,thefollowedsuggestionsmayhelp.Firstofall,knowexactlywhatleadtoyourpressurea,ndthenyoucantakemeasurestodealwithit.Secondly,setupagoalwhatisnottoohinanotherwords,don'tputtoomuchpressureonyourself.Thirdly,findawaytorelaxyouoccasionally.Forexample,youcanlistentomusic,goswimorjustsimplygowalking.Eventually,makefriendwithothers,forexample,yourclassmates,yourteachers,yourparents.Theywillunderstandyouandcometoyourhelpwhenyouarereallyinthetrouble.Inaword,nevergetyourselfstuckinthepressurefor“impossibleisnothing”．答案與解析NowadaysSenior3studentsaregeneralfacedwithalotofgenerallypressure?whichisrathercommon.Toreduceit?thefollowedfollowingsuggestionsmayhelp*Firstofall?knowexactlywhaileadtoleadsyourpressure，andthenyoucantakemeasurestodealwithii*Secondly,setupagoalwhatisnottoohigh：inanotherthat/whichotherwords?don'tpultoomuchpressureonyourself*Ihirdly,findawaytorelaxyouoccasionally.Forexample?youcanlistenyourselft0叫曲羽沁°r陽湎plygo詢帖嗚Eventually,swimmingmakefriendwithothers?forexample,yourclassmates?yourfriendsteachers?Ayourparents*Theywillunderstandyouandor/andcometoyourhelpwhenyouarereallymtrouble.Inaword,nevergetyourselfstuckinthepressurefor*'impossibleisnothing，\本文主要講述高三學生面臨許多壓力，告訴他們?nèi)绾螠p壓。1．general改為generally考查副詞。修飾動詞短語befacedwith應用副詞。2．followed改為following考查形容詞。形容詞following意為“下面的”，作名詞suggestions的定語。3．lead改為leads考查主謂一致和時態(tài)。根據(jù)句意：首先，準確地知道什么導致你的壓力。根據(jù)前后句動詞時態(tài)可知應用一般現(xiàn)在時；主語是what，表示單數(shù)概念，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。4．what改為that/which考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知這是一個定語從句，先行詞是agoal，在從句中作主語，用關系代詞that/which。5．a(chǎn)nother改為other考查固定搭配。inotherwords意為“換句話說”，是固定搭配。6．you改為yourself考查代詞。根據(jù)句意：第三，找個方法使你自己放松。relaxoneself意為“放松自己”。7．swim改為swimming考查固定短語。goswimming意為“去游泳”，是固定搭配。8．friend改為friends考查固定搭配。makefriendswithsb.意為“與某人交朋友”，是固定搭配。9．加or/and考查并列連詞。yourclassmates，yourteachers，yourparents為并列關系，應在最后兩個短語間加入and或or起連接作用。10．去掉the考查固定搭配。introuble意為“陷入麻煩”，是固定搭配。E（2017?湖北省棗陽市白水高中六模）Unionisstrengthnomatterwhenyou'refacingdifficultiesorinadilemma.Cooperationplaysanimportantpartingettingyououtoftrouble.TherewasatimewhenIwastooproudthatIoverlookedmyclassmate,refusingtoworktogetherwiththem.Therefore,itwasnodoubtthatIwasleftalone,sufferingfromlonelinessandfailure.Unfortunatelyateacherimpressedonmethevalueofcooperation.Fromthenon,IlearnedtohelpothersandturntomyfriendsforthehelpwheneverIhaddifficultyfinishataskonmyown.Surelycooperationmadeagreatdifference.NowIamgettingwellwithmyfriends.Myexperiencehasteachmethatonlyifweattachgreatimportancewithcooperation,canwegobeyondourselves.Asthesayinggo“United,westand;divided,wefall”．答案與解析Unionisstrengthnotnatierwhenyourcfacingdifficultiesorinadilemma.Cooperaiionplaysanimportantpartingettingyououtoftrouble.TherewasalimewhenIwastooproiidthatIoverlookedsomyclassmate,refusingtoworktogetherwiththem.Therefore,classmatesitwasnodoubtthatIwasleftalonetsufferingfromloneli-therenessandfailure.UnfortunatelyateacherimpressedonmetheFortunatelyvalueofcooperaiion.Fromthenon,IlearnediohelpothersandlurniomyfriendsFor"lix；helpwheneverIhaddifficuliyfinishataskfinishingonmyown.Surelycooperationmadeagreatdifference.NowIamgettingAwellwithmyfriends*on/alongMyexperiencehasteachmethatonlyifweattachgreatUughiimportancewithcooperation?c<inwegobeyondourselves.Asthetosayinggo^United?westand;divided*wefallT\goes本文主要講述合作的重要性，我們只有重視合作，我們才能超越我們自己。1.too改為so考查固定搭配。so...that...意為“如此/這么以至于……”句型中的so是副詞，常常用來修飾形容詞或副詞，常用句型為：主語+謂語+so+adj/adv.+that從句。2．classmate改為classmates考查名詞。classmate是可數(shù)名詞，此處“不止一個同學”，要用復數(shù)。it改為there考查固定搭配。thereisnodoubtthat...意為“毫無疑問……”，是固定句型。Unfortunately改為Fortunately考查副詞。老師讓他知道合作的重要性，這是幸運的事情。去掉the考查冠詞。turntosb.forhelp意為“向某人求助”，此處是泛指，去掉the。finish改為finishing考查動名詞。havedifficultyindoingsth.“做有困難”，是固定搭配。getting后加on/along考查固定搭配。getalongwellwithsb.意為“與相處得好”，是固定短語，在get后加on或along。teach改為taught考查動詞時態(tài)。has后面接過去分詞構成現(xiàn)在完成時。with改為to考查固定搭配。attachimportanceto意為“重視”，是固定搭配。10.go改為goes考查主謂一致。thesaying是單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞也應是第三人稱單數(shù)形式。F（2017?江西省宜春市二模）DearLiMing，Thesummerholidayisaroundcorner.Doyouhaveanyplanforthem？IplantoreadsomeEnglishbookduringtheholidayandIneededyourrecommendations.Firstly,IwanttoimprovemyEnglishlevel,hopeonedayIcangotoabroadforfurtherstudyinothercountries,suchasAmericaandEngland.Secondly,Ialsodesirestoknowmorehistory,geographyasgoodasculturesandtraditionsaboutthesecountries.Butcanyoumakealistofthebooksofmetoread？Thankyousincerelyinadvance.Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.LiHua答案與解析DearLiMing,Thesummer