高二英語虛擬語氣(一)人教實(shí)驗(yàn)版知識精講

高二英語虛擬語氣（一）人教實(shí)驗(yàn)版【本講教育信息】教學(xué)內(nèi)容：虛擬語氣（一）［學(xué)習(xí)過程］一.虛擬語氣定義英語動詞有三種語氣，陳述語氣，祈使語氣和虛擬語氣.定義：用來表示說的話不是事實(shí)，或者是不可能發(fā)生或可能性比較小的情況，而是一種表愿望、建議、假設(shè)的語氣，叫虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣的考點(diǎn)一般條件句中虛擬語氣的用法；條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝；名詞性從句中虛擬語氣的用法；幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣的用法；虛擬語氣與陳述語氣的判定。講解考點(diǎn)一）一般條件句中的虛擬語氣時間If條件句主句過去haddonewouldshould+havedonesth.couldmight現(xiàn)在助動詞be用were實(shí)義動詞do用didwouldshould+dosth.couldmight將來did/wereshoulddoweretodowouldshould+dosth.couldmight1.IfIhadHIV,IwouldknowbecauseIwouldfeelsick.IfIwereyou,IwouldgiveAIDSpatientahug.與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn'thavemadeamistake.Ifhehadbeenthere,itwouldn'thavehappened.與過去事實(shí)相反Ifitshouldraintomorrow,theywouldn'tgoforanouting.Ithinkwecoulddoit,ifweplanneditproperlyandcouldborrowthetools.Ifweweretohavethreedaysoff,wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife.與未來事實(shí)相反練習(xí)：IfIwereyou,Ibuythehouserightnow.won'tB.don'tC.wouldn'tD.can'tmorecareful,hisshipwouldnothavesunk.IfthecaptainwereIfthecaptainhadbeenShouldthecaptainbeIfthecaptainwouldhavebeenIfhemetomorrow,IwouldlethimknowA.shouldcallB.shouldnothavebeenableC.werenotableD.arenotable（二）條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝；假設(shè)條件虛擬語氣的倒裝。條件從句中含有should，were，had三個助動詞并且放在句首時，可以把if省略。1）IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.=WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.2）IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.=HadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?=Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?（三）名詞性從句的虛擬語氣。主要是表示命令、要求、建議的虛擬語氣。1）賓語從句。常見動詞：一個堅(jiān)持：insist兩個命令：order,command三個建議：advise,suggest,propose五個要求：demand,require,request,desire,ask這些動詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣用法。即從句中的動詞使用should+動詞原形，或者將should省略。例如：?我們建議Tom去休息一下。?他堅(jiān)決要求我到場。?國王命令囚犯明天要被實(shí)施死刑。?他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ?。WesuggestedthatTom(should)havearest.HeinsistedthatI(should)bepresent.Thekingorderedthattheprisoners(should)bekilledthenextday.Theyrequestedthatwe(should)sendthemtoworkthere.考題點(diǎn)擊：1.Theteacherdemandedthattheworkbefore4o'clock.A.finishedB.befinishedC.shouldfinishD.finish2.—Whatdidthedoctorsayaboutyourmother'sillness?—Hesuggestedthatsheanoperationatonce.A.musthaveB.hadC.haveD.hadhad2)以上動詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句(包括主語從句，表語從句和同位語從句)也要使用虛擬語氣。從句中的動詞形式一樣。order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire?It'ssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedout.?Mydemandisthatsheshouldcometoseemeonceaweek.?Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactoryshouldbecloseddown.A.主語從句中的虛擬語氣基本句型：Itissuggested,ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insisted；+(should)doItisimportant,necessary,natural,desirable,strange,advisable,imperative…Itisapity,ashame,nowonder考題點(diǎn)擊：Isitnecessarythathetheexamination?A.takesB.hastotakeC.musttakeD.takeItisstrangethatheyouthis.A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastold表語從句和同位語從句中的虛擬語氣在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名詞后面的表語從句、同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣，即(should)+動詞原形。Myideaisthatwe(should)getmorepeopletoattendtheconference.Imakeaproposalthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.考題點(diǎn)擊：Hissuggestionthatyouoncemoresoundsreasonable.A.tryB.triesC.musttryD.cantry【模擬試題】(答題時間：20分鐘)Icouldhavecalledyouforhelp,butIyournumber.A.couldn'thaverememberedB.didn'tremembershouldhaverememberedD.hadn'trememberedShesuggestedtothepoliceinthepolicestationthatMr.SmithA.stolethenecklaceB.shouldstealthenecklaceC.hadstolenthenecklaceD.stealthenecklaceitwouldstopsnowing!A.IfonlyB.OnlyifC.EvenifD.ButforMyadviceisthathe___somuch.A.notsmokeB.doesn'tsmokeC.won'tsmokeD.mustnotsmokeHowIwishIthat!Everybodypresentwasangrywithme.A.didn'tdoB.hadn'tdoneC.wouldn'tdoD.wasn'tdoing___ittoclearuptomorrow,thetouristswouldclimbtothetopofthemountaintowaitforthesun.A.If;toraiseB.Were;toriseC.Should;toriseD.Because;raisingtheexpense,I___toItaly.A.Ifitwerenot;goB.Wereitnotfor;IwouldgoC.Weren'titfor;willgoD.Ifithadn'tbeen;wouldhavegoneHisillnesswastooserious;otherwisehesaved.A.couldbeB.couldn'thavebeenC.couldhaveD.couldhavebeen---Ihavegreatdifficultyworkingoutthisproblem.---___tome,youlessdifficultywithsuchproblems.A.Ifyouhadlistened,wouldhavehadB.Ifyoulistened,wouldhaveC.Hadyoulistened,wouldhaveD.Ifyoulisten,willhaveWouldyouhavecalledheruphaditbeenpossible?---Yes,butI___busydoingmyhomework.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe___thefog,weshouldhavereachedthetopofthehill.A.InspiteofB.IftherewerenoC.ButforD.BecauseofTominsistedwhathesaidtrueandweinsistedthatheandhavealook.A.be;shouldgoB.shouldbe;wouldgoC.was;goD.was;wouldgoHeactsasifhetheownerofthehouse.A.willbeB.hasbeenC.isD.wereIt