2022年云南省耿馬縣高三下學(xué)期第五次調(diào)研考試英語(yǔ)試題含解析

2021-2022高考英語(yǔ)模擬試卷

注意事項(xiàng)

1.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試卷和答題卡一并交回.

2.答題前，請(qǐng)務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)用0.5毫米黑色墨水的簽字筆填寫(xiě)在試卷及答題卡的規(guī)定位置.

3.請(qǐng)認(rèn)真核對(duì)監(jiān)考員在答題卡上所粘貼的條形碼上的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)與本人是否相符.

4.作答選擇題，必須用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)的方框涂滿(mǎn)、涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，請(qǐng)用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他

答案.作答非選擇題，必須用05毫米黑色墨水的簽字筆在答題卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律無(wú)效.

5.如需作圖，須用2B鉛筆繪、寫(xiě)清楚，線(xiàn)條、符號(hào)等須加黑、加粗.

第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分）

1.Bydoingso,youcanmoreinformationanddetailsaboutthetopic,andbetterunderstandit.

A.keepupwithB.doawaywith

C.haveaccesstoD.getdownto

2.Friendshipcanneverbeatrade;,itneedsthemostthoroughandunprofitableconcept.

A.inadditionB.bycontrastC.inreturnD.bychance

3.Hemessedtheprojectup,buthebehavedasifnothing.

A.hadhappenedB.happened

C.wouldhappenD.wouldhavehappened

4.Thisrestauranthasaninviting,homelikeatmospheremanyothersareshortof.

A.whereB.when

C.thatD.what

5.—Fmsorryforbreakingthecup.

—Oh,,I'vegotplenty.

A.helpyourselfB.forgetit

C.mypleasureD.pardonme

6.Wefirmlybelievethatthenewexaminationsystemcomesintoexistence,completelynewsituationswillarise.

A.consideringB.supposedC.providingD.given

7.Maybehereallyshoulddomoreexercisesfromnowon.,Ihopehecouldgetoversoon.

A.SomehowB.SomewhatC.AnywayD.Anywhere

8.Incontrastwiththeliberalsocialclimateofthepresent,traditionsinthepastwererelatively?

A.competitiveB.comprehensive

C.creativeD.conservative

9.AsJohnLennononcesaid,lifeishappenstoyouwhileyouarebusymakingotherplans.

A.WhichB.that

C.whatD.where

10.Insteadofmakingchoicesfortheirchildren,liberalparentsusuallysay,“Gowhereyou

A.willB.should

C.canD.must

11.I'msurethatyourletterwillgetattention.Theyknowyou'rewaitingforthereply.

A.continuedB.immediateC.carefulD.general

12.Ifithadnotbeenfortheheroes9contributionsandsacrifices,vvesuchahappylife.

A.wouldn'thaveledB.wouldn9tbeleading

C.haven'tledD.arenotleading

13.Bobwastryingtothatheknewthefamoussingerwhowouldperforminourcity.

A.letoutB.layout

C.figureoutD.makeout

14.—Lefsgoandhavedinnerthisevening.

_,Haveyoucomeoutfirstintheexam?

A.Thanksalot.B.Whynot?

C.Whatfor?D.Yes,Tdliketo.

15.Whathelikedtodowastotakeanideaanditbyfindingeverypossibleconsequence.

A.squeezeB.wrestle

C.switchD.shrink

16.—Astudysuggestsreducingenergydemandinthefuturemayurbanareas.

—Thafstrue.Citiesneedmoreenergythansmalltownsorotherruralareas.

A.catchonB.acton

C.hangonD.centeron

17.Inordertosatisfytheneedsofthemarket,theelectriccompanyhasitsfocustotabletcomputersandsmart

mobilephones.

A.switchedB.shaped

C.directedD.discovered

18.Ourclassheldafierceastowhethertoreducetheamountofhomeworkornot.

A.bargainB.competitionC.debateD.campaign

19.Atcollege,BarackObamadidn'tknowthathethefirstblackpresidentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.

A.wastobecomeB.becomes

C.istobecomeD.became

20.一Heisgoodatalotofthingsbutitdoesn'tmeanheisperfect.

—Actuallynooneis.

A.Whafsgoingon?B.Lefsgetgoing.

C.Thankgoodness.D.I'mwithyouonthat.

第二部分閱讀理解（滿(mǎn)分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

21.（6分）ChinawillgivethegreenlighttoInternetmedicalservicesconductedbymedicalinstitutionsaspartofa

broaderpushtopromoteInternetPlusHealthcare,thoseataStateCouncilexecutivemeetingchairedbyPremierLi

Keqiangdecided.

Medicalinstitutionswillbeallowedtoprovideonlinediagnosticservicesforsomecommonandchronicdiseasesin

patients'follow-upvisitstotheirdoctors.Thetoplevelsofhospitalswillbeencouragedtoprovideonlineservices,

includingconsultations（會(huì)診），reservationsandtestresultinquiries.

AsChinajoinstheranksofmiddle-incomecountries,thedemandforhealthserviceshasincreasedaccordingly.

InternetPlusHealthcarecanhelpreducetheproblemofinaccessibleandexpensivepublichealthservicesthathavelong

beenabigconcernforthegeneralpublic.

Onedecisioncomingoutofthemeetingsaystheintelligentreviewforhealthinsurancewillbeappliedandthe

one-stopsettlementwillbeadvanced.Thereal-timesharingofprescriptionanddrugretailsaleswillbeexplored,as

well.

“Wemustwastenotimeinpushingforwardthemeasuresoncethedecisionsmade."Lisaid.uInrecentyears,

top-levelhospitalsinmajorcitieshaveseensteadyincreasesinthenumberofpatients.Medicalbillshavebecomea

heavyburdenonfamiliesandhigh-endmedicalresourcesstillfallshortofmeetingthegrowingdemandofthepublic.”

Tosolvetheproblem,atwo-pronged（雙管齊下的）approachmustbetaken.Oneistoestablishmedical

partnershipstostrengthencooperationbetweenmajorhospitalsandcommunityclinics.Theotheristobringforward

InternetPlusHealthcaretopromotethesharingofqualitymedicalresources.

Thegovernmentwillseetoitthatlong-distancehealthcareservicescoverallcounty-levelhospitals.Somoreefforts

willbemadetoensurethathigh-speedbroadbandnetworkwillbeextendedtocovermedicalinstitutionsinurbanand

ruralareas.Dedicatedinternetaccessserviceswillbesetuptomeettheneedsforlong-distancehealthcareservices.

1、Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingserviceswon'tapatientenjoyonline?

A.Receivingamedicaloperation.

B.Askingdoctorsforadviceafterthetest.

C.Severaldoctorsdiscussionaboutthedisease.

D.Makinganappointmentwithadoctorinadvance.

2、WhyisthedemandforhealthservicesincreasinginChina?

A.Theexpenseofmedicalcare.

B?Therecognitionofhealthinsurance.

C.Theimprovementofpeople'slifequality.

D.Theinconvenienceofhospitalequipment.

3、WhatdoesLimeanbysaying“Wemustwastenotimeinpushingforwardthemeasures”?

A.Thebillsareimpossibletoafford.

B.Thesituationsareurgenttoimprove.

C.Themeasuresareperfectlyworkedout,

D.Thehospitalsareunwillingtoadmitpatients.

4、Whatcanbethesuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ModernHospitals

B.OnlineHealthcareonitsWay

C.NoMoreBurdenforGeneralPeople

D.WideApplicationsofInternetService

22.（8分）AnewstudysuggestsclimateconditionsintheSaharaDesert,oneofhottest,driestandmost

desertedareasintheworld,havechangedfromwettodryaaboutevery20,000years.

ButpreviousevidencehassuggestedtheSaharadidnotalwaysexperiencesuchextremeheatanddryconditions.At

times,theSaharaRangedtoaverywetclimate.Thispermittedplantsandanimalstodevelopandgrowandledtothe

creationofhumansettlements.Now,theyhavediscoveredmoreevidence,which,theleadresearcherDavidMeGeesays,

supportstheideathattheSahara*sclimatekeptchangingbetweenwetanddryaboutevery20,000,years.

McGeereportedtheseclimatechangesweremainlydrivenbychangesintheEarth's（地軸）astheplanettravels

roundthesun.Thisprocessaffectstheamountofsunlightbetweenseasons.Every20,000yearstheEarthreceivesmore

strongsummersunlight.WhentheEarth'saxischangesagain,theamountofsunlightisreduced.Thisseasonchange

happenedcontinuouslyevery20,000years.Theotherpartoftheseasonproducedrainyconditions,resultinginawetter,

greener,plant-richenvironment.Whentherainyactivityweakens,theclimatebecomeshotanddry,liketheSahara

remainstoday.

Thescientistsbasedtheirresearchondustcollectedfromoceansediment（沉積物）intheAtlanticOceanbottomoff

thecoastofWestAfrica.Thedustcontainedlayers（層）ofancientsedimentbuiltupovermillionsofyears.Eachlayer

couldcontaintracesofSaharandustaswellastheremainsoflifeforms.Thisinformationwasusedtoassessoverwhat

timeperiodthedusthadbuiltup.ThisledtotheoverallfindingthattheSaharanchangesfromwettodryclimates

happenedevery20,000years.

DavidMcGeesaidthattodayweonlyseetheSaharaDesertasanextremelydesertedand^inhospitable^place.The

newstudysuggeststhatthearea*sclimatehaschangesbetweengrasslandsandamuchwetterenvironment,andbackto

dryclimates,evenoverthelastquartermillionyears.McGeesayshethinksthelatestresearchcanbevaluablein

studyingtheSahara'shistoryasitrelatestohumansettlement.

1、WhatdoesthenewstudyfindabouttheSaharaDesert?

A.Itisoneofthehottest,driestandmostdesertedareasinAfrica.

B.Italwaysexperiencesextremeconditionsbecauseofitsposition.

C.Itsclimatechangesbetweenwetanddryaboutevery20,000years.

D.Itsenvironmentalconditionsstopplantsandanimalsfromsurviving.

2^WhatisthedirectreasonforSahara'sclimatechanges?

A.Rainyactivity.B.Solarradiation.

C.Humanactivity.D.Globalenvironment.

3、Howdidtheresearchersacquiretheevidence?

A.Byanalyzingoceanlife.

B.BystudyingSahara'shistory.

C.Bycollectingdustonthecoast.

D.Byexaminingmeansediment.

4、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"inhospitable"probablymean?

A.Unsuitabletolive.B.Insigniflcantlostudy.

C.Unabletoexplore.D.Impossibletochange.

23.（8分）AnyforeignerwhohastriedtolearnChinesecantellhowharditistomasterthetonesrequiredto

speakandunderstand.Andanyonewhohastriedtolearntoplaytheviolinorotherinstrumentscanreportsimilar

challenges.

NowresearchershavefoundthatpeoplewithmusicaltraininghaveaneasiertimelearningChinese.Writinginthe

onlineeditionofNatureNeuroscience,researchersfromNorthwesternUniversitysaythatbothskillsdrawonthesame

partsofthebrainthathelppeoplediscoverchangesinpitch（音調(diào)）.

Oneofthestudy'sauthors,NinaKraus9saidthefindingssuggestedthatstudyingmusic“actuallytunesoursensory

system".Thismeansthatschoolsthatwantchildrentodowellinlanguagesshouldhesitatebeforecuttingmusic

programs,Dr.Kraussaid.Shesaidmusictrainingmightalsohelpchildrenwithlanguageproblems.

Mandarin（普通話(huà)）speakershavebeenshowntohaveamorecomplexencoding（編碼）ofpitchpatternsintheir

brainsthanEnglishspeakersdo.ThisisbecauseinMandarinandotherAsianlanguages,pitchplaysacentralrole.A

single-syllablewordcanhaveseveralmeaningsdependingonhowitisintoned.

Forthisstudy>theresearcherslookedat20non-Chinesespeakingvolunteers,halfwithnomusicalbackgroundand

halfwhohavestudiedaninstrumentforatleastsixyears.

Astheywereshownamovie,thevolunteersalsoheardanaudiotapeoftheMandarinword“mi”inthreeofits

meanings:squintybewilderandrice.Theresearchersrecordedactivitiesintheirbrainstemstoseehowwelltheywere

processingthesounds.ThosewithamusicbackgroundshowedmuchmorebrainactivitiesinresponsetotheChinese

sounds.

Theleadauthorofthestudy,PatrickC.M.Wong,saiditmightworkbothways.Itappearsthatnativespeakersof

tonallanguagesmaydobetteratlearninginstruments.

1、WhenlearningChinese,aforeignerwillfind.

A.hehasadifficulttimelearningmusicatthesametime

B.hehasaneasiertimelearningmusicatthesametime

C.itishardtomasterthetonesrequiredtospeakandunderstand

D.itiseasytousethebraintohelphimdiscoverchangesinpitch

2、WhydoesChineselearninghavesomethingtodowithmusictraining?

A.BecausethereisthesamedifficultyinlearningChineseandmusic.

B.Becauseskillstolearnthetwomakeuseofthesamepartsofthebrain.

C.Becausemusictrainingmighthelppeoplewithlanguagestudy.

D.BecausepeoplewhodowellinChinesestudydowellinmusic.

3、Theunderlinedword“intoned”inthefourthparagraphcanbereplacedbytheword“

A.createdB.spelledC.seemedD.pronounced

4、Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.MandarinSpeakersAreSmarterthanEnglishSpeakers

B.SkilledEarforMusicMayHelpLanguageStudy

C.PitchPlaysaCentralRoleinChineseLearning

D.SchoolsNeedtoDevelopMusicPrograms

24.（8分）OvertheyearsLisaurgedhersisterHelentoprepareforheroldage.Nowtheypassedsixty.Lisa

hadabighouse,Helenhadtheclothesonherback.

Lisahadhatedbeingachildandcouldn'twaittogrowupandbuyherselfeverything.WhatHelenwantedwasto

gooutsideandplay.

Whenanyonewouldhireher,Lisaputherselftowork.Shenevertouchedapennyofhermoneythoughheryoung

mouthwateredforicecreamandcandy.Whenthedimes（一角硬幣）addeduptodollarsyshelosthertasteforsweets.

Andherbankbookbecamehermostpreciouspossession.

HelenhadaboyfriendHarrywhoseonlyambitionwastoplayahorn.ThatHelenmarriedHarrystraightoutof

highschoolwasnotsurprising.TwoorthreetimesLisawashalfwaypersuaded,buttogiveupajobthatpaidwellfora

homemakingjobthatpaidnothingwasariskshewasunabletotake.

Helen'smarriedlifewasnothingforLisatoenvy.SheandHarryplayedinsecond-ratebands.ButLisahadabig

housebecauseherbossofferedherhisfirsthouseatapricesolowthatitwouldbelikelosingmoneytorefuse.

Harrydiedabroad,inathird-ratehotel,withHelencryingashardasifhehadleftherafortune.Hehadlefther

nothingbuthishorn.Lisaknewshewouldhavetobringherhome.

Atdinner,Helenbegantotellstories.Theywererichwithplacesandpeople,mostofthemlowly,allofthem

magnificent.Herfaceshowedthejoysandsorrows.

ThenLisaknewwhyHelendidn'tmentiontheshiningroom.TonightHelensawonlywhatshehadcomeseeking,a

placeinhersister'shomeandheart.

Shesaid,“That'senoughaboutme.Howhavetheyearsusedyou?”“Ididn'tusethem,“saidLisaregretfully.

savedforthembutforgottoenjoythem.Nowit'stooneartheendtotry."Helensaid,"Don'tcounttheyearsthatare

lefttous.Atourtimeoflifeifsthedaysthatcount.Ybu'vetoomuchcatchinguptodotowasteaminuteofawaking

hourfeelingsorryforyourself.55Lisasmiled.

1、InherlifeLisaattachedmostvalueto.

A?furthereducationB.ajobinhand

C.icecreamandcandyD.achancetogetmarried

2、WhydidLisalosehertasteforsweets?

A.Becauseshekeptworkingandhadnotimetobuysweets.

B.Becausesheworkedhardtomakedimesadduptodollars.

C.Becauseshekeptsavingmoneyandlostthebasicdesires.

D.Becauseshehadlittlemoneytoaffordsweets.

3、Inwhatwayisthestorymainlydeveloped?

A.Changinglocations.B.Givingexamples.

C.Creatingconflicts.D.Comparingcharacters.

4、Whatisprobablythebesttitleofthepassage?

A.SingleorMarried?B.PreparationsforOldAge

C.RichorPoor?D.AHouseandaBankAccount

25.（10分）AnexplosiononThursdaykilledoneandinjured21inabusystreetinTongren,SouthwestChina's

GuizhouProvince.

Thebombwashiddeninarubbishbininthecity飛commercialhub（商業(yè)中心），wherelotsofshopsand

restaurantsareconcentrated.

Theear-splittingblastwasheardaround12:50p?m?,saidalocalnewspaper,citingwitnesses.Thepowerofthe

blastshattered（使粉碎）nearbyshopwindowsandrippedthestainless（不生銹的）steelrubbishcantopieces.

Onepasser-by,identified（確認(rèn)）onlyasZhang,saidshewasshockedbythenoiseandsawalotofpedestrianslying

onthegroundwhenshegottothescene.

Thirteenoftheinjuredweretakentoalocalhospitalaftertheexplosion.Adoctortheresaidfivewereinserious

conditionbutalreadyoutofdangerafteremergencytreatment.Theotherswerejustslightly

Thecauseoftheexplosionisstillunderinvestigation,saidanofficerwiththeTongrenpolice,butrefusedto

speculateastothecause.

1、444.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A.Alltheinjuredweretakentoahospital

B.8oftheinjuredwerenottakentoahospital

C.Therubbishbinwithabombwasinarestaurant

D.Therubbishbinwithabombwasinashop

2、446.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Onepasser-by,identifiedonlyasZhang,sawthemanthrowingabombintoabin.

B.Somecustomersinrestaurantswereinjured.

C.Thewriterdidn'tgettothescene.

D.Allcustomersinshopsgothurt.

3、448.Inthelastparagraphtheunderlinedword"speculate95probablymeans.

A.tellB.guessC.discussD.talk

4、450.Whatofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.BombHiddeninaRubbishBin

B.TheCauseoftheExplosion

C.ATerribleThing

D.MarketBlastKills1,Injures21

第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、

C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng).

26.（30分）完形填空（共1小題）

Therequirementsforhighschoolgraduationhavejustchangedinmycommunity.Asaresult,allstudentsmust1

sixtyhoursofservicelearning,2theywillnotreceiveadiploma.Servicelearningisacademiclearningthatalso

helpsthecommunity.3ofservicelearningincludecleaningupapollutedriver,workinginasoupkitchen,or

tutoringastudent.4aserviceexperience,studentsmustkeepajournal（日志）andthenwritea5about

whattheyhavelearned.

Supportersclaimthattherearemany6ofservicelearning.Perhapsmostimportantly,studentsareforcedtothink

7theirowninterestsandbecome8oftheneedsofothers.Studentsarealsoabletolearnreal-lifeskillsthat9

shoulderingresponsibility,solvingproblems,andworkingaspartofateam.10.studentscanexplorepossible

careers11ervicelearning.Forexample,ifastudentwonderswhatteachingislike,heorshecanchoosetoworkin

anelementaryschoolclassroomafewafternoonseachmonth.

12therearemanybenefits,opponents13problemswiththenewrequirement.First,they14thatthe

mainreasonstudentsgotoschoolistolearncoresubjectsandskills.Becauseservicelearningistime-consuming,

studentsspend15timestudyingthecoresubjects.Second,theybelievethatforcingstudentstoworkwithout16

goesagainstthelaw.Byrequiringservice,theschooltakesawayanindividuaPsfreedomtochoose.

Inmyview,servicelearningisagreatwayto17tothecommunity,learnnewskills,andexploredifferent

careers.18.1don'tbelieveyoushouldforcepeopletohelpothers-the19tohelpmustcomefromthe

heart.Ithinkthebest20isonethatgivesstudentschoices:astudentshouldbeabletochoosesixtyhoursof

independentstudyorsixtyhoursofservice.Choiceencouragesbothfreedomandresponsibility,andasyoungadults,we

mustlearntohandlebothwisely.

1、A.completeB.saveC.spendD.gain

2、A.butB.andC.forD.or

3、A.ProceduresB.ideasC.ExamplesD.Subjects

4、A.WithB.DuringC.BeforeD.After

5、A.noteB.diaryC.reportD.notice

6、A.benefitsB.challengesC.coursesD.features

7、A.overB.beyondC.aboutD.in

8、A.proudB.carefulC.awareD.tired

9、A.includeB.applyC.possessD.develop

10、A.LuckilyB.GraduallyC.HopefullyD.Finally

11、A.ofB.throughC.acrossD.on

12、A.ThusB.SoC.WhileD.Since

13、A.pointoutB.lookintoC.dealwithD.takedown

14、A.overlookB.doubtC.admitD.argue

15、A.moreB.lessC.fullD.much

16、A.costB.careC.payD.praise

17、A.appealB.attendC.belongD.contribute

18^A.OtherwiseB.HoweverC.BesidesD.Therefore

19>A.desireB.courageC.emotionD.spirit

20、A.resultB.purposeC.decisionD.solution

第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

27.（15分）VisitingXi'anwasoncemydream.ItbecamearealitywhenIwasadmittedtoatrainingcourseinChina

alongwithtwoother1.（lady）.Finally,thedayarrived2.IlandedatXianyangInternationalAirportinearlyAugust.

AssoonasIlanded,I3^_（feel）achangeintheatmosphere.Isawpeoplestandinginqueues41_（wait）fortheirturnat

theimmigrationdesk.Afterwards,weweretransportedtotheofficeintheInternationalExhibitionCenterChinahad

invitedparticipants5.twenty-threedevelopingcountriestosharedigitaltelevisionbroadcastingtechniqueswiththem.

Inmy20daysinXi'an,IgottheopportunitytoobserveChineseCultureclosely,6.thusitleftanunforgettable

markonme.Now,Xi'anislikemysecondhome.SinceIcamebacktoPakistan,IhavebeenmissingXi'an7.（bad）.

My20-daystayinXi'anwas82_greatexperience.Itwasalearningopportunity,andalsoachanceto9^_（broad）

myunderstandingofdiversity.Ilearnedthatdespitedifferencesofcolors,heights,racesandreligions,allhumanbeings

10,（tie）bythebondofhumanity,andthatthefutureofnationsisglobalwithdevelopmentandpeace.

第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿(mǎn)分10分）

28.（10分）假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下短文。短文中共有10處錯(cuò)誤，

每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（A）,并在此符號(hào)下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(xiàn)（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線(xiàn)，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

Lastyeai\Iwentshoppinginadepartmentstore.LittledoIknowthatIwasheadingforaverynewexperience.

WhileIwaswalkingaroundthestore,!happenedtoseetheforeignertryingtoexplainherselfwithasalesman.

Gatheringhercourage,!decidedto