農(nóng)村區(qū)域發(fā)展專業(yè)英語教案

農(nóng)村區(qū)域發(fā)展專業(yè)英語教案（首頁）授課時(shí)間 教案編寫時(shí)間課程名稱EnglishCourseforruralregiondevelopment課程代碼5101026總學(xué)時(shí)48學(xué)分3課程性質(zhì)必修課（V） 選修課（理論課（） 實(shí)驗(yàn)課（）)所屬學(xué)院經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易學(xué)院講課：48 學(xué)時(shí)任課教師趙俊權(quán)職稱副教授實(shí)驗(yàn)：實(shí)習(xí)：學(xué)時(shí)周授課對象農(nóng)村區(qū)域發(fā)展專業(yè)2005年 1班級教材和主要參考資料SeriesofEnglishCoursesof21stCenturyEnglishCourseforruralregiondevelopment教學(xué)目的與要求Agriculturaleconomicsmaybedefinedasanappliedsocialsciencedealingwithhowhumanschoosetousetechnicalknowledgeandscarceproductiveresourcessuchasland,labor,capital,andmanagementtoproducefoodandfiberandtodistributeitforconsumptiontovariousmembersofsocietyovertime.Likeeconomics,agriculturaleconomicsseekstodiscovercause-effectrelationships.教學(xué)重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)Agricultureisaverylarge,heterogeneousindustry.Itinvolvesmanytypesofbusinessesinproducinganddistributingfoodandfibertoconsumers.Agricultureincludesfarms;creditandsupplyfirms;marketing,processing,anddistributionfirms;restaurants,andretailers.教學(xué)進(jìn)程第1-3次課授課章節(jié)Unit1AgriculturalEconomics學(xué)時(shí)6備注第4-6次課Unit2TheFarmandFoodSystem6第7-9次課第10-12次課第13-15次課第 16-18次課第 19-21Unit3InternationalTradeUnit4ConsumerBehaviorandDemandUnit5IndifferenceCurvesUnit6PriceElasticityofDemandUnit7ProducerDecisionMaking:Single-VariableInputFunctions66666第22-24Unit8ValueRelationships6

區(qū)域發(fā)展 專業(yè)英語課程教案項(xiàng)目內(nèi) 容UnitlAgriculturalEconomics學(xué)時(shí)6教學(xué)目的Howtounderstandagriculturaleconomy教學(xué)重點(diǎn)theagriculturalindustry教學(xué)難點(diǎn)Thecyclicalnatureofproduction教學(xué)內(nèi)容Agriculturaleconomicsmaybedefinedasappliedsocialsciencedealing.Withhowhumanschoosetousetechnicalknowledgeandscarceproductiveresourcessuchasland,labor,capital,andmanagementtoproducefoodandfiberandtodistributeitforconsumptiontovariousmembersofsocietyovertime.Likeeconomics,agriculturaleconomicsseekstodiscovercause-effectrelationships.Itusesthescientificmethodandeconomictheorytofindanswerstoproblemsinagricultureandagribusiness.Thefollowingrapidgrowthintheranksofprofessionalagriculturaleconomists,andtheever-increasingpublicuseoftheirspecialtalents,beartestimonytotheforesightofthoseearlypioneeringtheorists.Mostbeginningstudentsprobablyhaveonlyavagueconceptofagriculturaleconomics.Forthestudent,itisablendofmanysubjectareas.Anagriculturaleconomicscurriculumordinarilyincludesclassesintechnicalagriculture,science,statistics,mathematics,business,generaleconomics,andothersocialsciences.Studentstakingacurriculuminagriculturaleconomicsmaymajorinsuchareasasfarmmanagement,productioneconomics,agriculturalmarketing,agriculturalpolicy,finance,economicdevelopment,naturalresources,andcommunitydevelopmentorpublicaffairs.教學(xué)案例或?qū)嵗鼿owtounderstandagriculture教學(xué)方式lecture作業(yè)Howtounderstandthecharacteristicsofagriculture

區(qū)域發(fā)展 專業(yè)英語課程教案項(xiàng)目內(nèi) 容Unit2TheFarmandFoodSystem學(xué)時(shí)6教學(xué)目的Howtoestablishtheorganizationofagriculturalproduction教學(xué)重點(diǎn)thevalueoffarmproductssold教學(xué)難點(diǎn)farmermarketingcooperatives教學(xué)內(nèi)容Agricultureisanintegralpartofthegeneraleconomicsystem.Wesubdivideournationaleconomysothatthefundamentalstructurecanbeseen.Producingfirmsandconsumersarethecentraleconomicunitsinthesystem.Manypeopleareconcernedaboutcorporateactivityinagriculturebecauseoftheeconomicconsequencesthatcouldoccurwithconcentratedresourcecontrol.Asaresult,somestateshaveattemptedtolimitthegrowthofcorporationfarming.Lawspassedinseveralstatesprohibitcorporatefarming.Statutesrestrictingcorporatefarminghavebeenenactedinseveralotherstates.Somestateshavelawsrequiringcorporationstoreportthelandthattheyowninthestate.Morethanone-halfofthestatesalsohavelawsrestrictingownershipofrealpropertybyaliens,withagreatdealofvariationintherestraintsprovidedbytheselawsastheyareappliedtoalienownershipofproperty.Manyproducersareconcernedaboutfarmingcorporationsbecausetheythinkcorporationsaremoreefficientandthattheirsizegivesthemmarketadvantages,whichmayputthefamily-farmoperatorsatacompetitivedisadvantage.Farmersbelievecapitalmarkets,volumebuyingofproductioninputs,andvolumessellingofoutputaffordadvantagestocorporatefarmsthatarenotavailabletothem.However,moststudiesshowthatmoderate-sizedfamilyfarmsareasefficientasmostcorporatefarms.Withthissituationplusthegenerallylowreturnstoagriculturalinvestments,onewouldexpectverylittlegrowthincorporateagriculture.教學(xué)案例或?qū)嵗齇rganizationalcategoriesofagriculturalproduction教學(xué)方式Lecture作業(yè)Howtounderstandtheorganizationofagriculturalproduction

區(qū)域發(fā)展專業(yè)英語 課程教案項(xiàng)目內(nèi) 容Unit3ConsumerBehaviorandDemand學(xué)時(shí)6教學(xué)目的Howtounderstandconsumerbehavioranddemand教學(xué)重點(diǎn)consumerthebehavior教學(xué)難點(diǎn)DiminishingMarginalUtility教學(xué)內(nèi)容Thischapterconcentratesonlyonhouseholds,orconsumers,andthebehaviorofpeopleinmeetingtheirdesireforgoodsandservices.Itisintheobservedmarketbehaviorofpeoplethattheconceptofdemandrests.Whiledemandwillbespecificallydiscussedlaterinthechapter,sufficeittosayatthispointthatdemandmeansthequantitiesofaproductboughtatalternativepricesholdingeverythingelseconstant.Whenconsumerbehaviorisstudied,certaincharacteristicscanbenoted.Onefeatureisthatconsumersspendeverythingtheyearnongoodsandservices,includingsavings.Anotheristhatconsumersneverseemtogetenoughofmostthings.Wecaninferfromthischaracteristicofconsumerbehaviorthathumanwantsareinsatiableandthatmoreispreferredtoless.Oneofthereasonsconsumersdonotbuyinfinitequantitiesofeverythingisthattheyhavealimitedamountofmoneyincome.Ineconomics,weassumethatconsumers,withagivenmoneyincome,willpurchaseclothing,housing,food,haircuts,andalltheotherthingsthattheywantinamountsthatwillmaximizeutilityorsatisfactionforthem.Theutilityofaproductorserviceisderivedfromtheinherentcharacteristicsorqualitiesthatcausethemtobedesired.Thesemaybeobjectiveorsubjectivequalities.Butitisunlikelythattwoindividualswouldattainthesameutilityorsatisfactionfromtheconsumptionofthesameamountofaproduct.教學(xué)案例或?qū)嵗鼵onsumer’sutility教學(xué)方式Lecture作業(yè)Howtoconsumer’sutility

項(xiàng)目內(nèi) 容Unit4ValueRelationship學(xué)時(shí)6教學(xué)目的Howtounderstandvaluerelationship教學(xué)重點(diǎn)AdjustingtoPriceChange教學(xué)難點(diǎn)MarginalFactorCostWethenaredirectedtocomparingthevaluesofproductswiththevaluesofinputsusedLipintheirproduction.Asafirststep,acoupleofassumptionswillbeusefulandevenabitrealistic:(1)Therearesomanyfirmsproducingthisproductthattheactionsofanyonefirmwillhavenoinfluencewhatsoeveroneitherinputorproductprices;and(2)thatthemarketdoesnotdifferentiateonefirm'sproductfromthatof教another,thatis,thefirmsproduceahomogeneousproduct.Thusifacornproducerweretoshutdowncompletelyor,alternatively,toproducethelastpossibleextrabushelofcorn,學(xué)themarketpriceofcornwouldnotbeaffected.Andprovidedthatthecornmeetscertainqualitystandards,oneproducer'scornwillnotbediscriminatedagainstorofferedapremium內(nèi)overthatofotherfirmsproducingcorn.Ourassumptionaboutunchangingprices"vasvalidregardingindividualfirthdecisions,butthatdoesn'tmean容thatweareunabletocopewithchangingresourceandproductprices,orthatweevenexpectthemtoremainunchanged.Changeisafactoflife,inmarketsasinanythingelse.Changingeconomicconditions,intotalmarketsupplyanddemandcausefrequentpriceadjustmentsinbothresourceandproductmarkets.Soouroptimumiscorrect,notforalltime,butonlyuntilanotherpricechangeoccurs,thenanadjustmentinX,usemustagainbemadetofindanewoptimum.教學(xué)案例或?qū)嵗齎aluestructureofproducts教學(xué)方式lecture作業(yè)Howtounderstandthevalueofproducts區(qū)域發(fā)展專業(yè)英語課程教案

課程教案區(qū)域發(fā)展專業(yè)英語 課程教案項(xiàng)目內(nèi) 容Unit5ProducerDecisionMaking學(xué)時(shí)6教學(xué)目的Howtounderstandproducer’sdecisionmaking教學(xué)重點(diǎn)VariableInputsandEnterpriseSelection教學(xué)難點(diǎn)VariableInputFunctionInthepreviouschapter,wediscussedthesimplestproductionfunctions,specifically:(1)asingle,composite,variableinputfunctionwithnothingfixed,anditsconstantreturns;and(2)asingle-variableinputfunctionwithotherresourcesheldconstant.Thisfunctionalrelationshipbetweenavariablefactoranditsproductissometimesreferredtoasthefactor-productrelationship.教Agriculturalproductiondecisionsareseldomsosimplethattheoperatorcanchooseasinglecroporsinglelivestockenterpriseasthefirm'sonlyproduct.Cropfarmstypicallyproducetwoormoredifferenttypesofgraincrops;stockranchesfrequentlyproducebothlivestockandgrainorforagecrops,oreventwoormoretypesoflivestock.Therelationshipbetweenenterprisesisreferredtoastheproduct-productrelationship.Thesetwogeneralproblemareas-factorfactorandproduct-product-andtheeconomiccriteriaformakingthesechoices,aredealtwithinturninthischapter.學(xué)內(nèi)容Anenterpriseisaspecificcroportypeoflivestockfromwhichproductsareobtained,forexample,cotton,wheat,beefcattle,hogs,oronions.Inwhichtousethevariableresources.Physicalrelationshipsandeconomicfactorscauseproducerstochooseoneparticularsetofresourcesandnotsomeothercombinationwithwhichtoproducetheirproducts.Basicinthischoiceistheinteractionbetweeninputsandtheireffectontheproductivityoftheemployedresourcesastheinputmixischanged.教學(xué)案例或?qū)嵗齅arketequilibrium教學(xué)方式Lecture作業(yè)Howdoproducersmaketheirdecisions?

區(qū)域發(fā)展專業(yè)英語 課程教案項(xiàng)目內(nèi) 容Unit6FinancialPictureofAgriculture學(xué)時(shí)6教學(xué)目的Howtounderstandfinancinginagriculture教學(xué)重點(diǎn)FarmCredit教學(xué)難點(diǎn)farmthebankingsystem教Thischapterdiscussesthefinancialpositionofagriculture,sourcesoffarmcredit,thebankingsystem,andhowtocomputesimpleinterestrates.Thevitalityofagriculturedependsonmanagerswhounderstandfinanceandcanapplyittothefarmandranchbusiness.Abalancesheetgivesyousomeideaofthepresentfinancialpositionofanindividualorbusiness.Itistheresultofallpasttransactions.Abalancesheetisdividedintoassets,liabilities,andnetworth.Mostfarmcredithasbeenusedtofinancefarmexpansionandhigherproductioncostitemssuchasfarmmachineryandmotorvehicles.Thefourmajorinstitutionalfarmlendercategoriesincludecommercialbanks,theFCS,theFarmServiceAgency(FSA),andinsurancecompanies.In1998,outstandingnumeralestateloanssecuredbyfarmassetstotaledabout$83billion.Commercialbankssupplied52percent,theFarmCreditSystem19percent,theFarmServiceAgency5percent,andindividualsandothers24percent.TheFarmCreditSystemsupplied32percentofalloutstandingrealestatedebt,lifeinsurancecompanies11percent,commercialbanks31percent,theFarmServiceAgency5percent,andindividuals21percent.Historically,individualshavebeenthemajorsourceoffundsforlandtransfers.TheFarmCreditSystemisthelargestlenderinvolvedinthelandmortgagefield.ThetotalrealestatedebtoutstandingasofDecember31,1998,was$87.6billion.學(xué)內(nèi)容教學(xué)案例或?qū)嵗鼿owtofinance?教學(xué)方式Lecture作業(yè)Howtounderstandfinance?

區(qū)域發(fā)展專業(yè)英語 課程教案項(xiàng)目內(nèi) 容Unit7FarmersHomeAdministration學(xué)時(shí)6教學(xué)目的Howtounderstandtheadministrationoffarmers,families教學(xué)重點(diǎn)Resourceconservationanddevelopment教學(xué)難點(diǎn)Farmoperate教學(xué)內(nèi)容TheFarmersHomeAdministrationprimarilyprovidedtwotypesofloans.Onewasaguaranteedloanhandledbyaprivatelender.FarmersHomeAdministrationguaranteedtolimitthelossontheloantoaspecifiedpercentage.ThesecondtypewasadirectloanbytheFarmersHomeAdministration.Loanfundswereobtainedfrominsurednotesbackedbythegovernment.Also,CongressauthorizedtheFarmersHomeAdministrationtoprovidegrantsforruraldevelopmentplanning,pollutionabatement,andcontrol,andtofacilitatebusinessandindustry.Themaximumamountthatcouldbeborrowed,therepaymentschedules,andthetermsoftheloandifferedaccordingtothetypeofloan.Asaseparate,federallyfundedcreditagency,andindependentoftheFarmCreditSystem,theFarmersHomeAdministrationwasnotincludedinthestructuralchangesrequiredundertheAgriculturalCreditActof1987.Changesintheirlendingregulations,however,haverequiredsomenewoperationalprocedures.TheFarmersHomeAdministrationceasedtooperatewiththesigningoftheFederalCropInsuranceReformandDepartmentofAgricultureReorganizationActof1994.FarmloansarecurrentlyhandledbytheConsolidatedFarmServiceAgency(FSA),includingbothdirectandguaranteedloans.教學(xué)案例或?qū)嵗鼿owdofarmersadministratetheirfamilies?教學(xué)方式Lecture作業(yè)Howtounderstandfamilyadministrationinruralareas?

區(qū)域發(fā)展專業(yè)英語 課程教案項(xiàng)目內(nèi) 容Unit8TheBankingSystem學(xué)時(shí)6教學(xué)目的Howtounderstandbankingsystem教學(xué)重點(diǎn)Monetarypolicy教學(xué)難點(diǎn)loanablefundtoagriculturemonetaryp