2019-2020學年湖北省恩施州高二下學期期末調(diào)研考試英語試題

恩施州高中教育聯(lián)盟2021屆高二年級調(diào)研考試英語試題考生注意：1.本試卷共150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.請將各題答案填寫在答題卡上。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whenwillthefilmbegin?A.At7:20.B.At7:15.C.At7:00.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theirsisters.B.Apresent.C.Abirthdayparty.3.Howdidthemanfeelabouthisjumpintheend?A.Disappointed.B.Terrified.C.Excited.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Salespersonandcustomer.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.5.Wherewasthewomanintheafternoon?A.Atashop.B.Atthecinema.C.Inacafe.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atarailwaystation.B.Atanairport.C.Atahotel.7.Whenwillthemanhavetoleave?A.At12:00.B.At13:00.C.At14:00聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.What’swrongwiththewoman?A.Shehasacough.B.Shehasaheadache.C.Shehasafever.9.Howmanytimesshouldthewomantakethemedicineaday?A.Four.B.Three.C.Two.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whereisthemangoing?A.Toavideostore.B.Toaschool.C.Toalunchmeeting.11.Whatwillthewomandoforthepeoplewaitingintheoffice?A.Haveatalkwiththem.B.Showthemthenewvideo.C.Showthemaroundthecompany.12.Whatmightbetherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Husbandandwife.C.Teacherandstudent.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthewomaninterestedinnow?A.Jumping.B.Running.C.Swimming.14.Whorunsthefastest?A.Lily.B.Amy.C.Mike.15.Whendidthemanwinthefirstprize?A.Lastweek.B.Lastmonth.C.Lastyear.16.Whatwillthemantakepartinthisyear?A.Thehighjump.B.Thelongjump.C.Swimming.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whoisthespeaker?A.Adoctor.B.Awaiter.C.Anannouncer.18WhatwilltheweatherbelikeinEnglandtoday?A.Wetandwindy.B.Finebutcool.C.Quitedry.19.WhichpartsofEuropehavethehighesttemperatures?A.Thenorthernparts.B.Theeasternparts.C.Thesouthernparts.20.Howmanydaysdoestheweatherforecastmention?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheShanghaiDisneylandthemeparkofficiallyreopenstothepubliconMay11,2020.Duringtheinitialreopeningperiod,themajorityofShanghaiDisneyland’sattractions,rides,showsandshopping,accommodationanddininglocationswillresumeoperations,withcontrolledattendance.Someinteractiveattractionsandexperiences,suchaschildrenplayareas,andtheatershowswillremainclosed.GuestsshallobeythefollowingrequirementswhenShanghaiDisneylandreopens:1.PurchasedatedadmissionticketsforShanghaiDisneylandonline,ason-sitesaleswillnotbeavailable.AnnualPassholdersmustmakeareservationfortheirvisitdateandtimeon-linebeforetheirvisittothepark.2.Providebasicpersonalinformationforeachguestvisitingthepark,includingname,phonenumberandIDnumberviaShanghaiDisney’sofficialwebsiteafterpurchasingaticketandbeforearrivingatthepark.AShanghaiDisneylandReservationQRCodewillbeprovidedafterthesuccesssubmissionoftherequiredidentificationinformation,andguestswillberequiredtopresentthecodebeforeenteringthethemepark.3.Undergotemperaturescreeningproceduresuponarrival.4.Wearamaskduringtheentirevisittotheparkexceptwhendining.1.Whichofthefollowingisclosedduringtheinitialreopeningperiod?A.Thetheater. B.Theshop. C.Therestaurant. D.Thehotel.2.WhatismentionedabouttheAnnualPassholdersinthetext?A.Theyneedn’tprovidebasicpersonalinformation. B.Theycanenterthethemeparkatanytime.C.Theycan’tusetheAnnualPassatpresent. D.Theyhavetobookthevisitinadvance.3.Whatisamustduringthevisit?A.Arrivingontime. B.Wearingamask.C.Bringingfoodandwater D.Beingaccompaniedwithfriends.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。上海迪士尼主題公園于2020年5月11日正式向公眾開放，文章主要介紹了上海迪士尼主題公園重新開園時，游客在游覽期間必須遵守的一些要求?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中Someinteractiveattractionsandexperiences,suchaschildrenplayareas,andtheatershowswillremainclosed.可知一些互動景點和體驗，如兒童游樂區(qū)和戲劇表演將繼續(xù)關(guān)閉。由此可知，電影院在最初重新開放期間是關(guān)閉的。故選A。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中AnnualPassholdersmustmakeareservationfortheirvisitdateandtimeon-linebeforetheirvisittothepark.可知年票持證人士必須在參觀公園前，在網(wǎng)上預(yù)約參觀日期及時間。由此可知，年票持有人必須提前預(yù)定參觀時間。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段4.Wearamaskduringtheentirevisittotheparkexceptwhendining.可知4.除用餐外，在整個游覽過程中都要戴上口罩。由此可知，參觀期間必須戴口罩。故選B。BRichardDermerisapizzashopowner.Butheisbetterknownforhishobby.Asaextraordinarykitecollector,peopleareimpressedbykitescoveringthewallsfromallovertheworldwhentheywalkintohispizzashop.DermerworkedatHideaway.Heboughtthepizzashopin1960.Then,in1970,hisgame-partnerandmanageratHideawaywasthefirsttomarkettheJapaneseversionofthegameGointheUnitedStates.ItwasthisgamethatledDermertokites,andfromtherehetookoff—eventuallybecomingpresidentoftheAmericanKiefliersAssociation.Dermernowhasahugekitecollection.HetoldCollectorsWeekly,“Initially,Iwasanovice,butIenjoyedlearning,tryingtoacquiremoreaboutkites.AndthemoreIgotintokitefestivalsandcollectingkites,themoreIdiscoveredandthedeeperthesubjectbecame.”WhatDermer’scollectionandhobbybringstotheUnitedStatesisaninternationalperspectiveandhistoryonkiteflying.InIndia,forexample,kiteflyingisafierce,sometimesviolentsport,whileinThailand,kitebattlesreflectthewarofthesexesbetweenmenandwomen.KiteswereusedinWorldWarII,todistractGermanplanesandfortargetpractice.WhenDermerstartedstuntkite(特技風箏),itwasprettynew.Allthekitesweretriangular,andtheyalllookedthesame.Butsoonwithhisefforts,thatchanged.Peoplecouldseekitesofallshapes,sizesandcolorsflyinginthesky.Duringthe1980sand1990skiteswentthroughquiteadevelopmentalstagewheretheyweregettingbetterandbetterasnewlighter,strongermaterialswerebeingdeveloped.Dermerevensetupthenewrulesforjudgingthesestuntkitecompetitions,whichtakeintoaccounthowmuchcontroltheflierhas,andthedifficultyofthemoves.4.WhatisRichardDermer’soccupation?A.Aplanepilot. B.Afoodbusinessman.C.Akiteseller. D.Asalesmanager.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“novice”inparagraph3mean?A.Advancedperson. B.Learnedperson.C.Inexperiencedperson. D.Well-knownperson.6.Whatcanwelearnaboutthekitesfromparagraph4?A.KitesarenotpopularintheUSA. B.FlyingkitesisillegalinThailand.C.KitesplayedapartinWorldWarII. D.FlyingkitesisaninterestingsportinIndia.7.WiththeeffortsofRichardDermer,kitesbecame________.A.portable B.diverse C.available D.delicate【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.B【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要介紹了比薩到老板RichardDermer愛好收藏風箏，他的收藏和愛好給美國帶來的是關(guān)于放風箏的國際視角和歷史，列舉了不同國家對于放風箏的看法以及歷史上風箏曾經(jīng)發(fā)揮的作用。如今在RichardDermer的努力下，風箏變得多樣化，人們可以看到各種形狀、大小和顏色的風箏在天空中飛翔?！?題詳解】chardDermer是一家比薩店的老板。由此可知，RichardDermer的職業(yè)是一個食品商人。故選B?！?題詳解】說自己一開始是個沒經(jīng)驗的人，但是他喜歡學習，努力獲得更多關(guān)于風箏的知識。由此可知，劃線單詞的意思是“沒有經(jīng)驗的人”。故選C。【6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中KiteswereusedinWorldWarII,todistractGermanplanesandfortargetpractice.可知在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中，風箏被用來分散德國飛機的注意力，也被用作射擊練習。由此可知，風箏在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中發(fā)揮了作用。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段WhenDermerstartedstuntkite(特技風箏),itwasprettynew.Allthekitesweretriangular,andtheyalllookedthesame.Butsoonwithhisefforts,thatchanged.Peoplecouldseekitesofallshapes,sizesandcolorsflyinginthesky.Duringthe1980sand1990skiteswentthroughquiteadevelopmentalstagewheretheyweregettingbetterandbetterasnewlighter,strongermaterialswerebeingdeveloped.Dermerevensetupthenewrulesforjudgingthesestuntkitecompetitions,whichtakeintoaccounthowmuchcontroltheflierhas,andthedifficultyofthemoves.可知當Dermer開始制作特技風箏的時候，它還是一項新發(fā)明。所有的風箏都是三角形的，它們看起來都一樣。但隨著他的努力，情況很快發(fā)生了變化。人們可以看到各種形狀、大小和顏色的風箏在天空中飛翔。在20世紀80年代和90年代，風箏經(jīng)歷了一個相當大的發(fā)展階段，隨著新的更輕、更強的材料被開發(fā)出來，風箏變得越來越好。Dermer甚至為這些風箏特技比賽設(shè)立了新的評判規(guī)則，其中考慮到飛行員的控制力和動作的難度。由此可知，在RichardDermer的努力下，風箏變得多樣化。故選B。CTome,Shakespeareisabitofatouchysubjectinthetheatreindustry.IbelieveShakespeare’splaystobethemostchallengingintermsoflanguage.Whenyouhavechallenginglanguage,thenunderstandingtheplotandtopicswillbecomeachallengeaswell.It’slikeachain.Ifyoudon’tunderstanditfromthestart,itmakesthingshardlateronandpeopletendtogiveuponit.Regardlessofallofthis,IbelieveShakespeareisimportantinthesensethatit’swheretruetheatrestarted.WilliamShakespeareisanameeveryoneknowsregardlessofwhetheryouenjoyhisworksornot.ManyhighschoolsorcollegesputonatleastoneShakespeareplayeveryfewyearsandIlikethat.Ithinkit’simportanttoexposestudentstoplaysthatareabitmorechallengingthantheyusedtobe.Ofcourse.it’snoteasytounderstandtheseplaysbutthenthinkaboutthepeoplewhoactinthoseplays.Whenacting,youhavetounderstandyourcharacterandnotonlythat,youneedtocompletelyknoweverythinggoingonaroundyouaswell.Sotounderstandthescript(劇本)isonething.buttoactinaShakespeareplayisawholeanotherthing.Howaboutmemorizingthelines?That’soneofthehardestthingsactorshavetogetthrough.Itissuchheightenedlanguagethatit’salmostlikelearningaforeignlanguage.Shakespeareistoughandthat’swhatIthinkIloveitthemost.Thechallengeisunderstanding.Onceyouhavethatthenyouhaveroomtoplaywithit.Therefore,ifpeoplewalkedintoaShakespeareplaywithmoreofanopenmind,theirexperiencewouldbesomuchbetter.Thereisalargeamountofexplorationanddiscoveryinhisplaysandtheexperiencecanbereallysatisfying.It’shardstuff,butit’sfascinatingandweshouldbeembracingit.8.What’sthebiggestchallengeinunderstandingShakespeare’splays?A.Thechallenginglanguage. B.Thevarietyofitstopic.C.Thecomplicatedplot. D.Thememorablecharacters.9.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsputtingonShakespeare’splaysatcolleges?A.Critical. B.Cautious.C.Favorable. D.Indifferent.10.WhatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledowhenenjoyingShakespeare’splays?A.Actthemout. B.Rememberthelinesinthem.C.LearnShakespeare’slanguage. D.Enjoythemwithanopenmind.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.ThecharacteristicsofShakespeare’splays.B.TheplotsandtopicsofShakespeare’splays.C.TheimportanceandwayofenjoyingShakespeare’splays.DThestressfromperformingShakespeare’splays.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.C【解析】這是一篇議論文。作者在文章中指出莎士比亞的戲劇是非常重要的，是真正的戲劇的起點，作者支持在中學或大學每隔幾年上演一出莎士比亞戲劇的做法，作者還建議當人們欣賞莎士比亞的戲劇時，以開放的心態(tài)欣賞它們?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中IbelieveShakespeare’splaystobethemostchallengingintermsoflanguage.Whenyouhavechallenginglanguage,thenunderstandingtheplotandtopicswillbecomeachallengeaswell.可知我認為莎士比亞的戲劇在語言上是最具挑戰(zhàn)性的。當你的語言具有挑戰(zhàn)性的時候，那么理解劇情和主題也將成為一種挑戰(zhàn)。由此可知，理解莎士比亞戲劇最大的挑戰(zhàn)是具有挑戰(zhàn)性的語言。故選A。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中ManyhighschoolsorcollegesputonatleastoneShakespeareplayeveryfewyearsandIlikethat.Ithinkit’simportanttoexposestudentstoplaysthatareabitmorechallengingthantheyusedtobe.可知許多中學或大學每隔幾年至少上演一出莎士比亞的戲劇，我很喜歡。我覺得讓學生接觸比他們過去接常觸到的更有挑戰(zhàn)性的戲劇很重要。由此可推知，作者對在大學上演莎士比亞的戲劇持支持態(tài)度。故選C。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中Therefore,ifpeoplewalkedintoaShakespeareplaywithmoreofanopenmind,theirexperiencewouldbesomuchbetter.可知因此，如果人們帶著更開放的心態(tài)走進莎士比亞的戲劇，他們的體驗會更好。由此可知，這篇文章建議當人們欣賞莎士比亞的戲劇時，以開放的心態(tài)欣賞它們。故選D。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中Regardlessofallofthis,IbelieveShakespeareisimportantinthesensethatit’swheretruetheatrestarted.WilliamShakespeareisanameeveryoneknowsregardlessofwhetheryouenjoyhisworksornot.可知不管這些，我相信莎士比亞的重要性在于它是真正的戲劇的起點。威廉·莎士比亞這個名字大家都知道，不管你喜不喜歡他的作品。以及最后一段中Therefore,ifpeoplewalkedintoaShakespeareplaywithmoreofanopenmind,theirexperiencewouldbesomuchbetter.可知因此，如果人們帶著更開放的心態(tài)走進莎士比亞的戲劇，他們的體驗會更好。結(jié)合作者在文章中指出莎士比亞的戲劇是非常重要的，是真正的戲劇的起點，作者支持在中學或大學每隔幾年上演一出莎士比亞戲劇的做法，作者還建議當人們欣賞莎士比亞的戲劇時，以開放的心態(tài)欣賞它們。由此可知，這篇文章的主要內(nèi)容是欣賞莎士比亞戲劇的重要性和方式。故選C。DAlthoughairtravelcomeswithjetlag,delaysandawfulfood,itoffersabriefdigitaldetox—apreciousfewhoursawayfromthewaveofemails,messagesandappannouncements.Butnotanymore,InflightWi-Fiisgettingfasterandcheaper,andisanincreasinglycommonofferingonbudgetandflagshipairlines.Buthowdoesin-flightWi-Fiactuallywork?Tosimplify,therearetwowaysforaninternetsignaltoreachyourdevicewhenyou’reupintheclouds.Thefirstisviagroundbasedmobilebroadbandtowers,whichsendsignalsuptotheaircraft’santennas(天線).Asyoutravelintodifferentsectionsofairspace,theplaneautomaticallyconnectstosignalsfromthenearesttower,sothereis(intheoryatleast)nointerruptiontoyourInternet.Butifyou’repassingoverlargeareasofwaterorparticularlyremotezones,connectivitycanbeanissue.Thesecondmethodusessatellitetechnology.Planesconnecttosatellitesinspace(35,000kmabovetheplanet),whichsendandreceivesignalsviareceiversandtransmitters.Informationistransmittedtoandfromyoursmartphoneviaanantennaonthetopoftheaircraft.Thesearethesamesatellitesthatareusedintelevisionsignalsandweatherforecasting.Informationispassedbetweenthegroundandtheplaneviathesatellite.Allofthattechnologyisexpensive.Thecostsareusuallypassedontocustomers.Overhalfoftheworld’saircraftwillbeequippedwithin-flightWi-Fiwithinthenextfewyears.Itissettobecomeabillion-dollarindustryby2020.Inthenearfutureyou’llneedtofindabetterexcusethan“SorryImissedyourmessage—Iwasonaplane”.12.Whatsendssignalsuptotheaircraft’santennas?A.Internetcompanies. B.Ground-basedreceivers.C.Budgetandflagshipairlines. D.Ground-basedmobilebroadbandtowers.13.Whowillpayforthein-flightWi-Fitechnologyintheend?A.Aircraftpassengers. B.Satellitecompany.C.Broadbandtowers. D.Thelocalgovernment.14.Whatcanweinferaboutin-flightWi-Fifromthelastparagraph?A.Itserveseverycustomer. B.Ithasabrightfuture.C.Itdevelopsveryslow. D.It’sahigh-techindustry.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoUseIn-flightWi-Fi? B.WhyOnlySomeAirlinesHaveIn-flightWi-Fi?C.WhyIsIn-flightWi-FiExpensive? D.HowWi-FiWorksonaPlane?【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。飛機上的Wi-Fi越來越快，越來越便宜，越來越多的廉價航空公司和旗艦航空公司都提供這種服務(wù)。但是飛機上的Wi-Fi是如何工作的呢？文章主要就飛機上的Wi-Fi是如何工作的展開說明，指出飛機乘客會為機上Wi-Fi技術(shù)買單，且這項技術(shù)未來很有前景?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Thefirstisviagroundbasedmobilebroadbandtowers,whichsendsignalsuptotheaircraft’santennas(天線).可知第一種是通過地面移動寬帶發(fā)射塔，將信號發(fā)送到飛機的天線上。由此可知，是地面移動寬帶塔向飛機的天線發(fā)送信號。故選D?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中Allofthattechnologyisexpensive.Thecostsareusuallypassedontocustomers.可知所有這些技術(shù)都很昂貴。成本通常轉(zhuǎn)嫁給乘客。由此可知，最終飛機乘客會為機上Wi-Fi技術(shù)買單。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Overhalfoftheworld’saircraftwillbeequippedwithin-flightWi-Fiwithinthenextfewyears.Itissettobecomeabillion-dollarindustryby2020.可知未來幾年內(nèi)，世界上超過一半的飛機將配備空中Wi-Fi。到2020年，它將成為一個價值十億美元的產(chǎn)業(yè)。由此可推知，飛機上的Wi-Fi未來很有前景。故選B。【15題詳解】工作的呢？簡單地說，當你在云端時，有兩種方式可以讓互聯(lián)網(wǎng)信號到達你的設(shè)備。結(jié)合文章主要說明了飛機上的Wi-Fi越來越快，越來越便宜，越來越多的廉價航空公司和旗艦航空公司都提供這種服務(wù)。但是飛機上的Wi-Fi是如何工作的呢？文章主要就飛機上的Wi-Fi是如何工作的展開說明，指出飛機乘客會為機上Wi-Fi技術(shù)買單，且這項技術(shù)未來很有前景。由此可知，D選項“Wi-Fi在飛機上是如何工作的？”最符合文章標題。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Treesarecommonlycutdownforwoodandpaper.___16___.Theuniquechemicalprocessthattreesandplantsusetoturnlightenergyfromthesunintooxygenisknownasphotosynthesis(光合作用).___17___Theproductionofoxygenisaresultofphotosynthesis,butitisnotthemainpurposeofthisprocess.___18___.Plantscreatetheirownfoodthroughphotosynthesis.Duringthisprocess,aplant’srootsabsorbwaterfromtheground,anditsleavestakeinlightenergyandcarbondioxide.Theplantusestheseelementstomakefatsandproteinsthatarethenusedtomaintaintheplant’slife.TheprocessofphotosynthesisThefirststepinphotosynthesisisusingthesun’senergy.Duringthisprocess,chlorophyll(葉綠素)absorbsthelightenergyofthesun.Theenergyfromthesunthenactsuponthewaterabsorbedbytherootsoftheplant.Carbondioxidesentintotheatmospherebyanimalsandhumansisthenabsorbedbytheplant’sleavesandpairedwiththehydrogentoproducesugar.Thesugaristurnedintoplantfood.___19___.Threatstotreephotosynthesis___20___.Today,onlyabout30percentofEarth’slandiscoveredintrees.Thisiscontributingtoglobalwarmingsincetreesarenecessarytoconsumethecarbondioxideintheatmosphere.Expertsbelieveplantingtreesisvitalinordertoensurethepreservationofthedelicatebalancethatenablesphotosynthesis.A.ThepurposesofphotosynthesisB.TheadvantagesofphotosynthesisC.Infact,oxygenissimplyabyproductD.ItisalsoresponsibleforgivingplantstheirgreencolorE.Duringthisprocess,extraoxygenisproducedandreleasedF.ThetreesthatchangecarbondioxideintooxygenaredisappearingrapidlyG.Butthegreatestvalueoftreescomesfromtheirabilitytoturnthesun’senergyintochemicalenergy【答案】16.G17.A18.C19.E20.F【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了樹木除了被砍下來作為木材和紙張，其最大的價值在于它的光合作用，并且介紹了光合作用的目的、過程和樹木消失對光合作用的威脅?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文Treesarecommonlycutdownforwoodandpaper.可知樹木通常被砍下來作為木材和紙張。以及后文Theuniquechemicalprocessthattreesandplantsusetoturnlightenergyfromthesunintooxygenisknownasphotosynthesis(光合作用).可知樹木和植物將太陽光轉(zhuǎn)化為氧氣的獨特化學過程被稱為光合作用。由此可知，本句承接上文說明，樹木除了被砍下來作為木材和紙張，其最大的價值在于它的光合作用，可以把太陽的能量轉(zhuǎn)化為化學能。故G選項“但是樹木最大的價值在于它們能把太陽的能量轉(zhuǎn)化為化學能”符合語境，故選G。【17題詳解】本空為本段小標題，根據(jù)后文Theproductionofoxygenisaresultofphotosynthesis,butitisnotthemainpurposeofthisprocess.可知氧氣的產(chǎn)生是光合作用的結(jié)果，但這不是這個過程的主要目的。由此可知，本段主要在說明光合作用的目的。故A選項“光合作用的目的”適合作為小標題，故選A?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文Plantscreatetheirownfoodthroughphotosynthesis.Duringthisprocess,aplant物。在這個過程中，植物的根從地面吸收水分，葉子吸收光能和二氧化碳。植物利用這些元素制造脂肪和蛋白質(zhì)，然后用來維持植物的生命。由此可知，植物光合作用的主要目的是為了產(chǎn)生自己的食物，那么氧氣實際上只是光合作用的一個副產(chǎn)品。故C選項“事實上，氧只是一個副產(chǎn)品”符合語境，故選C?！?9題詳解】本句為本段最后一句，有總結(jié)上文的作用，結(jié)合上文Duringthisprocess,chlorophyll(葉綠素)absorbsthelightenergyofthesun.Theenergyfromthesunthenactsuponthewaterabsorbedbytherootsoftheplant.Carbondioxidesentintotheatmospherebyanimalsandhumansisthenabsorbedbytheplant’sleavesandpairedwiththehydrogentoproducesugar.Thesugaristurnedintoplantfood.可知在這個過程中，葉綠素吸收太陽的光能。來自太陽的能量然后作用在植物根部吸收的水分上。動物和人類排放到大氣中的二氧化碳被植物的葉子吸收，并與氫配對產(chǎn)生糖。糖被轉(zhuǎn)化為植物的食物。由此可知，上文描述了光合作用的過程，且提到了二氧化碳被吸收，那么本句就應(yīng)該提到在光合作用的過程中，才導(dǎo)致了氧氣產(chǎn)生和釋放。故E選項“在這個過程中，額外的氧氣產(chǎn)生和釋放”符合語境，故選E?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文Today,onlyabout30percentofEarth’slandiscoveredintrees.Thisiscontributingtoglobalwarmingsincetreesarenecessarytoconsumethecarbondioxideintheatmosphere.可知如今，地球上只有大約30%的土地被樹木覆蓋。這導(dǎo)致了全球變暖，因為樹木是消耗大氣中的二氧化碳的必需品。由此可知，本句是在說明將二氧化碳轉(zhuǎn)化為氧氣的樹木正在迅速消失。故F選項“將二氧化碳轉(zhuǎn)化為氧氣的樹木正在迅速消失”符合語境，故選F。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Asthetrainpickedupitsspeed,thepassengersslowlysettleddownontheirseats.A（n）____21____ladyoccupiedthefrontseatofmine.Shemustbeinhereighties,Iguessed.Shesmiledatme.Outofcuriosity,Igaveher____22____.Butbothofuswere____23____.Itwas4:50pm.So,bedtimewasstillinalongway.Icouldn’t____24____myselfanylongerandasked,“Aunty！Whereareyougoing?”She____25____meforawhileandreplied,“Armycamp,dear.”Suddenlymy____26____doubledtoknowthereason.Ipolitelysaid,“Aunty,youare____27____someone?”ShesmiledandIcontinuedtosay:“Auntyyoumustbefeelingso____28____toseeyourchildandyourgrandchildren.”Perhaps,thisquestion____29____heralittlebutsheanswered,“Oh,dear!Youaresosweet!_____30_____,Ihadonlyonesonwhojoinedthe_____31_____andwaskilledinabattlejustafewdaysbefore.Ihad_____32_____somanynewclothesforhim.So,Ithoughtwhynot_____33_____myson’sclothestosomeothersoldiers,sothatIwouldcontrolmy_____34_____andwouldbehappythinkingthatmyownsonhaswornit.Hewas_____35_____,soIdon’thaveanygrandchild.”Iwasastonishedatherheartbreakingstory!ButIadmiredtheoldladyfromthecoreofmyheart.21.A.elderly B.famous C.stubborn D.smart22.A.response B.exploration C.research D.amazement23.A.dynamic B.calm C.silent D.positive24.A.resist B.forgive C.deserve D.demand25.A.caredabout B.staredat C.attendedto D.watchedover26.A.anxiety B.embarrassment C.appreciation D.curiosity27.A.visiting B.charging C.sentencing D.reminding28.A.puzzled B.frightened C.astonished D.excited29.A.entertained B.attracted C.hurt D.impressed30.A.Besides B.Therefore C.Still D.Anyway31.A.club B.league C.party D.army32.A.shared B.counted C.bought D.buried33.A.sold B.donate C.connect D.expand34.A.sorrow B.shock C.sickness D.energy35.A.unbelievable B.unbearable C.unemployed D.unmarried【答案】21.A22.A23.C24.A25.B26.D27.A28.D29.C30.D31.D32.C33.B34.A35.D【解析】這是記敘文。本文講述了作者在火車上遇到了一位年邁的老太太，她的兒子幾天前在戰(zhàn)場犧牲了，她帶著原來為兒子買的新衣服送往軍營給其他的士兵。作者深受感動?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一位老太太占了我的前排座位。A.elderly年老的；B.famous著名的；C.stubborn固執(zhí)的；D.smart聰明的。根據(jù)下文Shemustbeinhereighties,Iguessed.可推斷，是一位老婦人。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：處于好奇，我給了她回應(yīng)。A.response回應(yīng)；答復(fù)；B.exploration探索；C.research研究；D.amazement吃驚。根據(jù)上文可知，老婦人向我微笑，結(jié)合Outofcuriosity可推斷，我給了她回應(yīng)。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們倆都沉默著。A.dynamic精力充沛的；B.calm鎮(zhèn)靜的；C.silent沉默的；D.positive積極的；樂觀的。Icouldn’t____4____myselfanylongerandasked可知，此時是沉默，故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那時是傍晚4:50。所以，離睡覺時間還很長。A.resist抵制；忍不住；B.forgive原諒；C.deserve應(yīng)得；D.demand要求。根據(jù)上文Itwas4:50pm.So,bedtimewasstillinalongway.可知，還不到睡覺時間，因此作者忍不住問老婦人去哪里。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：老婦人盯著看了我一會兒，友好地說：“軍營，親愛的?！盇.caredabout在乎；B.staredat盯著；C.attendedto注意；照顧；D.watchedover小心。根據(jù)forawhile可推斷我問老婦人話，老婦人盯著看了我一會才回答。故選B。26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，我的好奇心倍增，想知道原因。A.anxiety焦慮；B.embarrassment尷尬；C.appreciation感激；D.curiosity好奇。根據(jù)下文Ipolitelysaid,“Aunty,youare____7____someone?”可知，我的好奇心倍增，問了老婦人另一問題。故選D。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我有禮貌地說：“阿姨，你去看望人的嗎？”A.visiting看望，拜訪；B.charging索價；要價；C.sentencing宣判；判決；D.reminding提醒。根據(jù)后文youmustbefeelingso____8____toseeyourchildandyourgrandchildren.可知是“拜訪”。故選A。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她微笑著，我繼續(xù)說：“阿姨，見到你的孩子和孫子孫女一定很興奮?！盇.puzzled迷惑的；B.frightened害怕的；C.astonished吃驚的；D.excited興奮的。根據(jù)后文toseeyourchildandyourgrandchildren.可知，她去見孩子和孫子的心情應(yīng)當是興奮的。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：也許，這個問題對她有點傷害，但她回答道。A.entertained使高興；B.attracted吸引；C.hurt傷害；D.impressed使印象深刻。根據(jù)后文，作者得知老太太的兒子幾天前在戰(zhàn)場犧牲了，可知，作者的這個問題也許對老太太有點傷害。故選C。【30題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：哦，親愛的！你真可愛！不管怎么說，我只有一個兒子被征召入伍了，幾天前在一場戰(zhàn)斗中犧牲了。A.Besides此外；B.Therefore因此；C.Still仍舊；D.Anyway無論如何；至少。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，不管怎么說，我僅有一個兒子。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.club俱樂部；B.league聯(lián)盟；社團；C.party社交聚會；D.army軍隊。根據(jù)下文的waskilledinabattle可知，老婦人的兒子應(yīng)征入伍。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我為他買了如此多的新衣服。A.shared共享；B.counted計數(shù)；C.bought買；D.buried埋葬。根據(jù)下文So,Ithoughtwhynot____13____myson’sclothestosomeothersoldiers可推斷，老婦人給兒子買了許多新衣服。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此我想為什么不把我兒子的衣服留給其他士兵穿呢，這樣我就可以控制自己的悲傷，并且很高興自己的兒子已經(jīng)穿上了它。A.sold賣；B.donate捐獻；C.connect聯(lián)系；D.expand擴展。根據(jù)下文thinkingthatmyownsonhaswornit可推斷，老婦人要把兒子的衣服捐贈給士兵。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.sorrow悲傷；B.shock震驚；C.sickness疾?。籇.energy精力。根據(jù)后文andwouldbehappythinkingthatmyownsonhaswornit.可知，此處指的是控制自己的悲傷，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他沒結(jié)婚，因此我沒有孫子。A.unbelievable難以相信的；B.unbearable難以忍受的；C.unemployed失業(yè)的；D.unmarried未婚的。根據(jù)下文soIdon’thaveanygrandchild.可知，兒子沒有結(jié)婚，老婦人沒有孫子。故選D。第二節(jié)（共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。April24thmarkedthe50thanniversaryofEarthDay,thecreationof___36___isconsideredasthebeginningofthemodernenvironmentalmovementbythe___37___(major)ofpeople.Manypeoplecontinuetostayathomeduringtherecentmonths.Asaresult,peoplearemakinglesspollution,andtheairhasbecome___38___(clean).Smogstopped___39___(cover)NewDelhi,oneoftheworld’smost___40___(pollute)cities.Nitrogendioxidepollutionin___41___northeasternoftheUnitedStates___42___(drop)by30percentuptillnow.Starsseemmorevisibleatnight.Researchershavebeenobservingsharpdropsintraditionalairpollutants(污染物),suchasnitrogendioxide,smogandtinyparticles.Thesekindsofpollutantskillupto7millionpeopleayearworldwide.“Humanactivityusuallymakesitdifficultforseaturtles___43___(leave)theireggsonsandycoastlines.Nestingturtlesneedtobeundisturbed.Aftertheycomeoutoftheireggs,babyturtlesmighthavedifficultyfindingtheirwaytothewaterbecauseofbrightlights.But___44___thelightsmostlyoffandpeoplestayingathome,theseaturtlenesting____45____(seem)muchbetteratpresent,”Godfreysaid.“There’sstillahopeleftforwildlife,”Godfreysaid.【答案】36.which37.majority38.cleaner39.covering40.polluted41.the42.hasdropped43.toleave44.with45.seems【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講的是關(guān)于地球日的一些事情，包括人們在地球日里常做的活動以及設(shè)立地球日在保護自然環(huán)境和生態(tài)以及減少污染方面的重大意義等?！?6題詳解】考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：4月24日是地球日50周年紀念日，地球日的創(chuàng)立被大多數(shù)人認為是現(xiàn)代環(huán)保運動的開始。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句為定語從句，空格位于介詞of后面，指代“EarthDay”，是物，介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句，指物，只能用which。故填which?！?7題詳解】考查名詞。句意：4月24日是地球日50周年紀念日，地球日的創(chuàng)立被大多數(shù)人認為是現(xiàn)代環(huán)保運動的開始。空格前為定冠詞，空格后為介詞of，可推斷空格應(yīng)填名詞；且themajorityof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，意為“大多數(shù)……”，是固定搭配。故填majority。【38題詳解】考查形容詞比較級。句意：因此，人們制造的污染更少了，空氣變得更干凈了?？崭袂盀橄祫釉~hasbecome(已經(jīng)變得），空格后為句號，結(jié)合句子前半部分提及“人們產(chǎn)生更少的污染”，提示句子涉及比較級，應(yīng)用形容詞比較級cleaner（更干凈的）修飾主語theair(空氣）。故填cleaner?！?9題詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：霧霾停止籠罩新德里。stopdoingsth意為“停止做某事”，此處應(yīng)用動名詞covering（覆蓋），表示“新德里不再被霧霾籠罩”。故填covering?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：世界上污染最嚴重的城市之一。oneofthe+形容詞最高級+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，意為“最……的……之一”，故此處應(yīng)填polluted（受污染的），且“mostpolluted”為形容詞最高級形式，符合題意。故填polluted?！?1題詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：到目前為止，美國東北部的二氧化氮污染已經(jīng)下降了30%。inthenortheasternpartof意為“在……的東北部”，是固定搭配，可知此處缺少定冠詞the。故填the?！?2題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：到目前為止，美國東北部的二氧化氮污染已經(jīng)下降了30%。空格前為主語NitrogendioxideUnitedStates（美國東北部地區(qū)的二氧化氮），是第三人稱單數(shù)，空格后為介詞by，推斷空格為謂語動詞，結(jié)合uptillnow（到現(xiàn)在為止），提示句子時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時。故填hasdropped?！?3題詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：人類活動通常會使海龜難以在沙灘上產(chǎn)卵。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為sth.make(s)itdifficultforsb.todosth.（某事讓做某事對于某人來說是困難的），在此結(jié)構(gòu)中，it作形式賓語，不定式為真正的賓語。故填toleave?！?4題詳解】考查介詞。句意：但是隨著大部分燈關(guān)了以及人們留在家里，現(xiàn)在海龜筑巢區(qū)域看起來好多了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用with引導(dǎo)伴隨狀語。表示“隨著……”。故填with?！?5題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：但是隨著大部分燈關(guān)了以及人們留在家里，現(xiàn)在海龜筑巢區(qū)域看起來好多了?？崭袂盀橹髡Ztheseaturtlenesting(海龜筑巢），是第三人稱單數(shù)，空格后為表語muchbetter(好多了），修飾主語，推斷空格為系動詞，結(jié)合a