Unit6-現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語(yǔ)第二版精讀3的課件

HowDoWeDealwiththeDrugProblem?GoreVidalClarencePageCharlesKrauthammerReinforcementTextAnalysisBackgroundWarmingupUnit6HowDoWeDealwiththeDrugProblem?Questions/ActivitiesCheck-onPreviewObjectivesUnit6WarmingupHowDoWeDealwiththeDrugProblem?WarmingupDiscussthefollowingquestions:Whatdidyouknowaboutthedrugproblembeforereadingtheessays?Whydoyouthinkpeoplestilltakedrugsinspiteoftheworldwideanti-drugcampaigns?WhatdoyouknowaboutthesituationinChina?Doyouthinkthedrugproblemisserious?Sidewithoneofthethreeauthorsandhaveabriefdebatewithyourgroupmemberstoseewhichauthorismoreconvincing.Questions/Activitiescannabiscocainestimulantsopiumheroinmorphinecrackdolantin“ice”“ecstasy”,XTC大麻可卡因興奮劑鴉片海洛因嗎啡快克度冷丁冰毒搖頭丸drugdependencedrugofabusedrugaddictionabstinencesyndromedrugaddictinjectingdruguser,IDUsnortingphysicaldependencepsychicdependencephysiologicaldependencepsychologicaldependence藥物依賴性濫用藥物毒癮戒斷綜合癥吸毒者注射毒品濫用者鼻吸身體依賴性精神依賴性生理依賴性心理依賴性drug-seekingbehaviordrug-takingbehaviorcompulsivedrugusepolydrugabusedetoxificationwithdrawalrehabilitationreintegration覓藥行為用藥行為強(qiáng)迫性用藥多藥濫用脫毒脫癮康復(fù)重返社會(huì)InternationalNarcoticsControlBoard,INCBUnitedNationsInternationalDrugControlProgramme,UNDCPWorldHealthOrganization,WHOCommunityEpidemiologyWorkGroup,CEWGAsianMulticityEpidemiologyWorkGroup,AMEWG聯(lián)合國(guó)國(guó)際麻醉品管制局聯(lián)合國(guó)國(guó)際禁毒計(jì)劃署世界衛(wèi)生組織美國(guó)社區(qū)藥物濫用流行病學(xué)工作組亞洲多城市藥物濫用流行病學(xué)工作組

《1971年精神藥物公約》《1988年聯(lián)合國(guó)禁止非法販運(yùn)麻醉藥品和精神藥物公約》

中國(guó)藥物依賴性研究所

ConventiononPsychotropicSubstances,1971

UnitedNationsConventionAgainstIllicitTrafficinNarcoticDrugsandPsychotropicSubstances,1988

NationalInstituteonDrugDependenceCheck-onPreviewDefinetheunderlinedwords:thesimplebeauty(para.16)asocialsanction(para.26)Paraphrasethefollowingsentence:NooneinWashingtontodayrecallswhathappened…theUnitedStates.(para.6)WarmingupObjectivesLearnaboutthedifferentsolutionstothedrugproblemandunderstandtheprosandconsofeachofthem.Comparetheargumentsandfindouttheirlogicalpremisesandfallacies.Learnhowtoarguecoherentlyandconvincinglybystudyingthetechniquesemployedbythewriters.WarmingupBackgroundHistoryAuthorsUnit6HowDoWeDealwiththeDrugProblem?1.GoreVidalprolificAmericannovelist,andessayistpoliticalactivist:Democratic-LiberalThewarondrugshasnothingatalltodowithdrugs.Itispartofanall-outwarontheAmericanpeoplebyagovernmentinterestedonlyincontrol.—GoreVidalBackgroundAuthors“ProbablynoAmericanwritersinceFranklinhasderided,ridiculed,andmockedAmericansmoreskillfullyandmoreoftenthanVidal.”(GordonS.Wood,TheNewYorkTimes,December14,2003)GoreVidalwasoftenpointedlycontroversial:hepublishedcommentsondemocracy,homosexuality,religion,anddruglegalization.BackgroundAuthors2.ClarencePagecolumnistandmemberoftheeditorialboardoftheChicagoTribune1972PulitzerPrizeforaChicagoTribuneTaskForceseriesonvoterfraud1989PulitzerPrizeforCommentaryBackgroundBackgroundAuthors3.CharlesKrauthammera

syndicatedcolumnist:The

WashingtonPostWritersGrouppoliticalcommentatorphysicianconservative(neoconservativeinforeignpolicy)BackgroundBackgroundAuthorsComparethethreeauthors’backgroundsandseeifyoucanexplainwhytheydisagreewitheachother.BackgroundBackgroundAuthorsProhibitionintheUnitedStates(theNobleExperiment)

1840s,spearheadedbysomereligiousdenominations(宗派，教派）1881,Kansasasthefirsttooutlawalcoholicbeverages1917,alcoholbannedasmandated（委托統(tǒng)治）inthe18thAmendmenttotheConstitution1919-1933,nation-widemovement,plaguedbysmugglingandbootlegging（非法制造販賣(mài)）1933,the18thAmendmentrepealedbythe21stAmendmentHistoryBackgroundTextAnalysisEssay1Essay2Essay3StructureDetailedAnalysisStructureDetailedAnalysis

DetailedAnalysisStructureUnit6HowDoWeDealwiththeDrugProblem?WhatisthesolutiontothedrugproblemofferedbyVidal?

legalizationratherthancriminalizationWhatthenarehismainarguments?Therighttobeinformedcorrectly(paras.1-2)Therighttochoose(paras.3-4)Sanepeoplewon’tbeaddictedtodrugs.(para.5)AlessonfromProhibition(paras.6-7)Thegovernmentandthemafiahaveavestedinterestinthecriminalizationofdrugs.(paras.8-10)TextAnalysisEssay1Structure

ofEssay1TherighttobeinformedsensiblyHowtoinformpeoplesensibly?Whywillthisrequireheroichonesty?Doyouthinkthiswillwork?heroinopiumecstasyspeediceTextAnalysisEssay1Argument1:DiscussionDrugs

GoreVidal

understandingthelanguagepoints2.…weshallenduparaceofZombies.

endup:tobeinaparticularplaceorstateafterdoingsth.orbecauseof doingitIfyoudon’tmendyourways,you’llendupacriminal/injails.Wedidn’tlikeitatfirst,butweendedupcheering.

他最終成了公司的主管人。Heendedup(as)headofthefirm.

我們?cè)蛩闳W洲旅行，但最終去了東南亞。WehadplannedtotraveltoEurope,butendedupinSouth-eastAsia.

Drugs

GoreVidal

drug-relatedwordsandphrasesDrug-takerDrugaddictDrugabuseAwhiffofopiumDrugaddictionmainlinerStampoutDrugpushersGethookedonNextfixBureaucraticmachine1.atcost(atcostprice)Tom’suncleisacardealerandlethimbuythecaratcost.Cost+_______=sellingpriceTranslation傾銷(xiāo)是指用低于成本的價(jià)格進(jìn)行銷(xiāo)售，以將競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手趕出市場(chǎng)的行為。

Dumpingisthesellingbelowcosttodrivecompetitorsoutofmarket.實(shí)話和您說(shuō)吧，這差不多是成本價(jià)了。

Totellyouthetruth,it’salmostatcostprice.markupTextAnalysisEssay1Argument1:WordsandExpressions(1)2.kick/breakthehabit(infml)

tostopdoingsththathasbeenahabitforalongtime,esp.abadordangeroushabitThecenterprovideshelpforaddictswhohavekickedtheirhabitandwanttostayawayfromdrugs.Alexhaskickedcigarettes,heroin,andbooze（暴飲）.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument1:WordsandExpressions(2)3.(just)fortherecordJustfortherecord,Ididn’tvoteforhim.FortherecordI’djustliketosaythatItotallydisagreewiththisdecision.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument1:WordsandExpressions(3)27Therighttochoose

Tochoosewhat?Thepreconditionofthisright?Doyouthinkthattakingdrugsbelongstothisright?rightrightrightTextAnalysisEssay1Argument2:Discussionendup

Iwonderedwherethepictureswouldendupaftertheauction.endupdoingsthMostslimmersoncrashdietsendupputtingweightbackon.endupwithAnyonewhoswimsintherivercouldendupwithanastystomachupset.endupasHecouldendupasPresident.enduplikeIdon’twanttoenduplikemyparents.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument2:WordsandExpressionsSanepeoplewon’tbeaddictedtodrugs.Why?Howtodealwithpeoplewhoarenotsaneenough?Howcantheforbiddenfruitpsychologyapplytothisargument?Doyouagreewiththisargument?TextAnalysisEssay1Argument3:Discussion1.itistoobadthat…itisapitythat…

Itistoobadthatthecountryhadtogotowaroverthematter.

2.itisnottoobadif…

Itisnottoobadifamanhassomewilddreams.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument3:WordsandExpressionsAlessonfromProhibitionWhat’sthelesson?What’smeantby“nopublicmemoryofanythingthathappenedlastTuesday”?WhydidtheCongressfeelittheir“divinemission”toprohibitalcohol?TheresultofProhibition?TextAnalysisEssay1Argument4:Discussion1.sthisforbiddentosb那時(shí)任何外國(guó)人都被禁止進(jìn)入該地。Entrytotheplacewasthenforbiddentoallforeigners.2.stampout地方政府發(fā)動(dòng)了一場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)來(lái)清除腐敗。

Thelocalgovernmenthasmadeadrivetostampoutcorruption.3.have/feelcontemptfor我對(duì)這種不誠(chéng)實(shí)的行為只有蔑視。

Ihave/feelnothingbutcontemptforsuchdishonestbehaviors.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument4:WordsandExpressionsThegovernmentandthemafiahaveavestedinterestinthecriminalizationofdrugs.

Howcanthisbe?Whyblamethegovernmentforthedeaths?Whydoesthegovernmenthaveavestedinterestinit?WhatisthenVidal’srealconcern?Thedrugproblem?Orindividualfreedomagainstgovernmentcontrol?TextAnalysisEssay1Argument5:DiscussionDrugs

GoreVidal

understandingthelanguagepoints3.NooneinWashingtontodayrecalls...

NooneinWashingtontoday||recallswhathappenduringtheyears||alcoholwasforbiddenbyaCongress||thatthoughtishadadivinemissiontostampoutDemonRum–||launching,intheprocess,thegreatestcrimewaveinthecountry’shistory,||causingthousandsofdeathsfrombadalcohol,and||creatingageneralcontemptamongcitizenry…

SubjectVerbObjectRelativeclauseRelativeclausePresentparticiplephrase1Presentparticiplephrase2Presentparticiplephrase31.get(sb)hookedon根據(jù)最近的一份報(bào)告，八歲的小孩子就會(huì)吸海洛因成癮。

Childrenasyoungaseightyearsoldcangethookedonheroin,accordingtoarecentreport.小伙子是很容易喜歡上這種音樂(lè)的。

Youngmencaneasilygethookedonthiskindofmusic.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument5:WordsandExpressions(1)2.haveavestedinterestin(doing)sth美國(guó)南北戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)以前，要廢除奴隸制很難，因?yàn)榕`主有既得利益。ItwasdifficulttoendthesystemofslaverybeforetheCivilWarbecauseslaveownershadavestedinterestinkeepingit.莫娜離開(kāi)公司對(duì)他有利。HehasavestedinterestinMona’sleavingthefirm.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument5:WordsandExpressions(2)witheraway

to

dieoutordisappeargradually因?yàn)槲?，她成為藝術(shù)家的希望逐漸幻滅。Asaresultofherdrugaddiction,herpromiseofbecominganartistwitheredaway.上了年紀(jì)的人抱怨說(shuō)，在這個(gè)自由社會(huì)里，老的價(jià)值觀念正在逐漸消失。Olderpeoplearecomplainingthattheoldvaluesarewitheringawayinthisfreesociety.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument5:WordsandExpressions(3)WhatisthesolutiontothedrugproblemofferedbyPage?Neitherlegalizationnorcriminalizationwillwork.Itisinfactasocialproblem.Whatthenarehismainarguments?Legalizationisoversimplified:proponents’arguments.(paras.11-15)Legalization’sfailure:opponents’arguments.(paras.16-18)Criminalizationisneithertherightanswertothisproblem.(paras.19-20)TextAnalysisEssay2StructureofEssay2Legalizationisoversimplified:proponents’arguments.

1.commonwisdom:remove_____________pumpedintotheunder-worldreduce____________attractiontakeaway____________taxthesaleandusemoneyto____________________2.“deepthinkers”KurtSchmoke:_______________________________________MiltonFriedman:_______________________immenseprofitsforbidden-fruitcriminalstigmabuildmoretreatmentcentersProhibitionofdrugsisbailingouttheoceanwithateaspoon.Prohibitionmakesmattersworse.

TextAnalysisEssay2Argument1:FillintheBlanksPara.11:Unfortunately,legalizationsoundstoogoodtobetrue.Para.12:Itsoundsgoodbecauseitissimple…Para.13:Deepthinkers…Para.15:Hewas

notaloneinhissentiments.Para.16:Thesimplicity…Unfortunately,thesimple

beauty…h(huán)asanuglygapinghole.TextAnalysisEssay2Argument1:Transition1.Satire/Irony:

Ifyoucan’twinthegame,changetherules.…deliciouslyconvenient…Deepthinkers…2.Understatement:…soundstoogoodtobetrueandprobablyis.Quotationfromauthority:

para.15,18TextAnalysisEssay2Argument1:WritingTechniques1.pump…into…

toputalargeamountofsthinto,usu.atahighrate特區(qū)政府未來(lái)五年在旅游業(yè)投入18億美元以振興不景氣的經(jīng)濟(jì)。TheSARGovernmentwillpump$1.8billionintothetouristindustryoverthenextfiveyearstohelprevivethesaggingeconomy.在考試前她極力向他灌輸一些知識(shí).

Shetriedtopumpsomefactsintohisheadbeforetheexamination.TextAnalysisEssay2Argument1:WordsandExpressions(1)2.bailout

toremovewater;tohelpsboutoftrouble,esp.financialproblems我們不能指望政府幫助所有的虧損公司擺脫困境。Wecan’texpectthegovernmenttobailoutallthefailingcompanies.bealonein(doing)sth不是只有我一個(gè)人這么認(rèn)為。

Iamnotaloneinthinkingso.TextAnalysisEssay2Argument1:WordsandExpressions(2)Legalization’sfailure:opponents’arguments1.Whatdothefollowingpeoplesay?Prof.JamesQ.WilsonWilliamBennett2.Interestingcomparison:paras.16&18Doyoufindanythingworthnoting?Whatdoesyourfindingsuggestforourownessaywriting?TextAnalysisEssay2Argument2:Discussion1.thebeautyofsthThebeautyofe-mailisitsspeedandeaseofuse.2.rebuttalmakearebuttalofTheymadeaclause-by-clauserebuttaloftheletter.TextAnalysisEssay2Argument2:WordsandExpressionsCriminalizationisneithertherightanswertothisproblem.

Thenwhatistheansweraccordingtotheauthor?Thequickfixisillusorybecause…Theslowfixisillusorybecause…TextAnalysisEssay2Argument3:DiscussionmagicbulletThere’snomagicbulletforschoolreform.

quickfix

There’snoquickfixforstoppingpollution.Congressistryingtoavoidquick-fixsolutions.TextAnalysisEssay2Argument3:WordsandExpressionsQuestionsforDiscussionAccordingtotheauthor,whatistheultimatecauseofthedrugproblem?Doyouagree?Doestheauthorproposeapossiblesolutiontothedrugproblem?Whatsolutionscanyoupropose?TextAnalysisEssay2WhatisthesolutiontothedrugproblemofferedbyKrauthammer?

Deglamorization.Drugproblemcanonlybesolvedculturally.Whatthenarehismainarguments?Islegalizationagoodsolution?(paras.21-26)Whatshouldwedo?(paras.27-31)Conclusion:foursolutions.(para.32)TextAnalysisEssay3StructureofEssay3Islegalizationagoodsolution?1.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardslegalizationonthefollowingissues?druglawenforcementcomparison:illegaldrugsvs.alcoholrelationshipbetweenlegalizationanddruguse2.Islegalizationagoodsolution?√TextAnalysisEssay3Argument1:Discussion1.toboot

inaddition;too;furthermoreItwasalongfilmandanuninterestingonetoboot.2.dwarftobesobigthatotherthingsaremadetoseemverysmall

Shakespearedwarfsotherdramatists.3.beheretostay

Tolegalizeotherdrugsistodeclarethattherestofthepharmacyisheretostaytoo.TextAnalysisEssay3Argument1:WordsandExpressions卡特爾（cartel）由一系列生產(chǎn)類(lèi)似產(chǎn)品的獨(dú)立企業(yè)所構(gòu)成的組織，集體行動(dòng)的生產(chǎn)者，目的是提高該類(lèi)產(chǎn)品價(jià)格和控制其產(chǎn)量。根據(jù)美國(guó)反托拉斯法，卡特爾屬于非法。卡特爾是壟斷組織形式之一。生產(chǎn)或銷(xiāo)售某一同類(lèi)商品的企業(yè)，為壟斷市場(chǎng)，獲取高額利潤(rùn)，通過(guò)在商品價(jià)格、產(chǎn)量和銷(xiāo)售等方面訂立協(xié)定而形成的同盟。參加這一同盟的成員在生產(chǎn)、商業(yè)和法律上仍然保持獨(dú)立性。亨弗萊·德弗瑞斯特·鮑嘉（1899年12月25日-1957年1月14日），美國(guó)男演員。1942年憑借在《卡薩布蘭卡》中出色的表演獲得奧斯卡最佳男演員獎(jiǎng)提名；1951年憑借《非洲女王號(hào)》獲得奧斯卡最佳男主角獎(jiǎng)。1999年，被美國(guó)電影學(xué)院評(píng)為電影誕生100年以來(lái)最偉大的男演員。

Whatshouldwedo?1.Whydoestheauthormentionsmoking?changedimageofsmokers?measurestaken?2.Weshoulddothesametodrugs…attitudetowardsthe“JustSayNotoDrugs”campaign?Whatdoeshemeanby“crackingdownhardonusers”?TextAnalysisEssay3Argument2:Dject

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