電纜敷設(shè)施工方案(中英)

電纜敷設(shè)施工方案ConstructionSchemeforCableLayout1編制說(shuō)明及依據(jù)1.1編制說(shuō)明為保證電纜線路安裝工程的施工質(zhì)量，使電纜敷設(shè)得以順利進(jìn)行，特編寫(xiě)此方案。此方案適用于10KV及以下塑料絕緣電力電纜、控制電纜線路的敷設(shè)施工。1．2、編制依據(jù)承包合同或協(xié)議。施工圖及其它設(shè)計(jì)文件。《電氣裝置安裝工程電纜線路施工及驗(yàn)收規(guī)范》GB50169－92《電氣裝置安裝工程電氣設(shè)備交接試驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》GB50169－92《建筑電氣安裝工程質(zhì)量檢驗(yàn)評(píng)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》GB50303－2002。石、公司《質(zhì)量保證手冊(cè)》、《質(zhì)量體系程序》及其支撐性文件。2、工程概況工程名稱、范圍、地點(diǎn)、規(guī)模、特點(diǎn)、主要技術(shù)要求、工期要求等。主要實(shí)物工作量以設(shè)計(jì)院的圖紙及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)際情況計(jì)算3、施工程序和施工方法ConstructionProcedureandConstructionMethod:3.l、施工程序ConstructionProcedure電纜出庫(kù)電纜出庫(kù)工具準(zhǔn)備電纜電氣絕緣檢查直溝電纜挖溝橋架配管不合格品標(biāo)識(shí)隔離鋪設(shè)施工用設(shè)備安裝電纜鋪設(shè)隱蔽工程檢查隱蔽工程記錄電纜鋪設(shè)記錄電纜溝回填橋架蓋板安裝電纜頭制作絕緣檢查受電交付使用IdentifyingandseparatingunsatisfactoryproductsIdentifyingandseparatingunsatisfactoryproductsToolsforsendingcableoutofwarehouseElectricinsulationcheckforcableExcavatingtrenchfordirectburyingandpipingCheckconcealedworksCablelayoutLayoutequipmentinstallationConcealedrecordLayoutrecordBackfillingtrench,InstallingcoverplateMakingcableends,CheckinsulationRunningandhandover3．2、施工方法和質(zhì)量要求ConstructionMethodandQualityRequirements(1)電纜出庫(kù)Sendingcableoutofwarehousea、電纜出庫(kù)應(yīng)根據(jù)施工圖認(rèn)真核對(duì)需出庫(kù)電纜的規(guī)格、型號(hào)、數(shù)量是否符合設(shè)計(jì)要求，且應(yīng)標(biāo)示清楚。電纜盤(pán)外觀完整無(wú)損，合格證等產(chǎn)品文件齊全。Whilesendingcableoutofwarehouse,checkitsspecification,type,quantitycarefullytoverifywhethercomplywithdesignornotandidentifyclearly.Appearanceofcabledrumisperfectandnodamage,certificateandotherproductfilesarefull.對(duì)由多根電纜纏繞在同一個(gè)盤(pán)上的電纜盤(pán)，應(yīng)記錄其內(nèi)外層電纜的長(zhǎng)度和纏繞次序，以利于合理安排敷設(shè)。Forthesamecabledrumtwistedbymulti-cables,tofacilitatetodirectproperlylayout,thelengthofinnerandouterlayercableandtwistedordershouldberecorded.b、電纜出庫(kù)運(yùn)輸過(guò)程中，采用機(jī)械吊裝和運(yùn)輸，嚴(yán)禁將電纜盤(pán)直接由車上推下，同時(shí)電纜盤(pán)不應(yīng)平放運(yùn)輸和貯存。Duringthecourseofsendingcableoutofwarehouse,followmechanicalhoistinganddelivery.Nopushingcabledrumfromtruckdirectly.Meanwhile,cabledrumshallnotbeplaced,deliveredorstoredhorizontally.短距離的運(yùn)輸可采用滾動(dòng)電纜盤(pán)的方法。但必須順著電纜盤(pán)上的箭頭指示或纏緊方向滾動(dòng)。Forshort-distancetransportation,rollingcabledrumisavailable.However,rollingdirectionmustbeconsistentwiththatofarrowindicationondrumorcablewinding.c、電纜出庫(kù)后應(yīng)集中分類存放，盡可能存放在開(kāi)始敷設(shè)電纜處的附近。盤(pán)間留有通道，存放處不得積水。Aftersendingcableoutofwarehouse,storethemcollectedlyandclassifiably.Placethemasnearoftheplace,wherebegintolayoutcable,aspossible.Keepaccessamongcabledrums,andnoaccumulatedwateratdepositingsite.(2)電纜敷設(shè)前建筑工程應(yīng)具備的條件：Priortolayout,civilworksshallpossessthefollowingterms:a、電纜溝、隧道、豎井、人孔等處的地坪及抹面工作結(jié)束。Completionofgradeandmortarforcabletrench,tunnel,well,manhole.b、電纜夾層、電纜溝、橋架內(nèi)的施工臨時(shí)設(shè)施模板、建筑廢料已清理干凈。施工用道路暢通蓋板齊全，電纜溝排水暢通，電纜夾層門(mén)窗安裝完畢。Temporaryboardsandwastematerials,usedforcableinterlayer,trench,andtray,havebeencompletelyremoved.Cover-platesforaccessroadareallready,andtrenchdrainageisfree.Doorsandwindowsoncableinterlayerhavebeeninstalled.(3)．電纜敷設(shè)前電氣專業(yè)應(yīng)具備的條件：電纜的起點(diǎn)及終點(diǎn)設(shè)備已安裝完畢，位號(hào)標(biāo)識(shí)準(zhǔn)確清楚。Havingmountedplantsatplaceofcable’sstartingpointandend.AndtheirTagNumbersareidentifiedcorrectedandclearly.電纜敷設(shè)表編制完畢，表冊(cè)中應(yīng)標(biāo)明每根電纜使用的電纜盤(pán)號(hào)，敷設(shè)的先后次序，Havingcompiledlistofcablelayout,inwhichDrumNo.appliedbyeachcableandlayoutordershouldbeindicated.敷設(shè)次序應(yīng)是先遠(yuǎn)距離，后近距離。根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)和電纜的實(shí)際情況，合理安排，避免浪費(fèi)和接頭。Layoutorderisfromdistanttoclose.Accordingtodesignandcable’srealcondition,assignreasonablyandavoidwasteandjoint.d 技術(shù)交底和安全技術(shù)交底已做完，并存記錄卡。Havingfinishedtechnicaltalkandsafetytechnicaltalk,andpreservedrecordcard.e 當(dāng)電纜沿橋架敷設(shè)時(shí)，若沒(méi)有人行通道應(yīng)事先沿全長(zhǎng)搭設(shè)腳手架，綁扎牢固。Whilelayoutcablealongtray,ifnonexistenceofsidewalk,setupscaffoldingandbandtightlyalongthewholetrayinadvance.f輔助材料供貨到位，如電纜扎帶、電纜標(biāo)牌、電纜標(biāo)志樁等。Accessorymaterials,suchascabletie,cablebrandandcolumn,areready.電纜的電氣絕緣已檢查，試驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目包括下列內(nèi)容：Electricinsulationinspectionforcablehasperformed.Includingthefollowingtestitems.①測(cè)量絕緣電阻，即測(cè)量各電纜線芯對(duì)地或?qū)饘倨帘螌雍途€芯間的絕緣電阻。Measuringinsulationresistance.Insulationresistanceofeachcoreversusearth,versusmetallicshieldothercoreshallbemeasured.②直流耐壓試驗(yàn)及泄露電流測(cè)量（其試驗(yàn)要求見(jiàn)GB50150－91）DCvoltage-withstandtestandleakagecurrentmeasurement.TestrequirementrefertoGB50150-91)敷設(shè)電纜使用的電線滑車（滾輪），牽引設(shè)備已安裝到位，電纜滑車每3米1個(gè)，以電纜不拖地為原則。大規(guī)模敷設(shè)電纜時(shí)，事先應(yīng)準(zhǔn)備好廣播器材，對(duì)講機(jī)、半導(dǎo)體、喊話器等。Pulleyorrolleranddraughtequipmentusedforcablelayouthavebeeninstalled.Setapulleyevery3meters.Theprincipalisthatcableshouldnottouchground.Whenlayoutcableinforce,prepareforbroadcastappliancesaheadsuchastalkabout,radio,speaker.b、針對(duì)敷設(shè)電纜時(shí)的具體情況，技術(shù)人員和施工負(fù)責(zé)人應(yīng)編制出勞動(dòng)力分布圖，指明每個(gè)關(guān)鍵部位的負(fù)責(zé)電工及所需人數(shù)，責(zé)任到人，在技術(shù)交底時(shí)予以公布。Accordingtolocalspecificcondition,priortolayout,technicianandconstructionheadershouldcompilelabordistributionchart,pointoutresponsibleelectricianandnecessarynumberofemployeeatimportantplacetoensureeveryoneseehisownduty.Aboveitemsshallbedeclaredwhenexecutingtechnicaltalk.(4)、橋架內(nèi)電纜敷設(shè)Layoutcableinsidetray.a安裝質(zhì)量要求Installationqualityrequirements:電纜的最小彎曲半徑應(yīng)符合GB50168一92的規(guī)定，即：TheminimumbendingradiusshouldconformtoNormofGB50168-92.多芯控制電纜10D聚氯乙烯絕緣電力電纜10D聚氯乙烯絕緣電力電線多芯15D交聯(lián)聚乙烯絕緣電力電線單芯20D注D為電纜外徑。Multi-corecontrolcable10DPVCinsulatedpowercable10DPVCinsulatedmulti-corepowercable15DLinkingPVCinsulatedone-corepowercable20DNote:Disouterdiameter.②電纜的固定要求：橋架上垂直敷設(shè)每隔2m處，水平敷設(shè)的電纜首末兩端及轉(zhuǎn)彎、電纜接頭兩端處應(yīng)加以固定，Requirementsforfasteningcable:Fixcableevery2meterswhenlayingcablevertically.Forhorizontallayoutcable,fixingitatthebeginningandend,twosidesofcornerandjoint.交流系統(tǒng)的單芯電纜應(yīng)使固定夾具不構(gòu)成閉合磁絡(luò)，且按正三角形排列，每隔1m用綁帶扎牢。ForACone-corecable,fixingitwithspecialclampnottoformclosedmagneticloopandarrayingitinformofpuretriangle.Bandingtightlyevery1meter.③橋架上交流三芯電力電線不宜超過(guò)2層．控制電纜不宜超過(guò)三層。ACmulti-corepowercableshouldbenotbeyond2layers,andcontrolcablenomorethan3layers.④電纜的排列：高低壓電力電纜、強(qiáng)電弱電控制電纜應(yīng)按順序分層配置，高壓與低壓增加隔板。Arrayingorderofcable:Placehighandlowervoltagepowercable,intensiveandfaintcontrolcableinlayerandinsequence.Addpartitionbetweenhighandlowervoltagepowercable.b、敷設(shè)方法Layoutmethod:電纜應(yīng)從電纜盤(pán)上部引出，同時(shí)檢查是否有套扣現(xiàn)象，將寫(xiě)好的電纜編號(hào)交專人負(fù)責(zé)貼在電纜首末端。Pullingcablefromtheupperdirectionofdrum.Meanwhile,checkingwhetherexistenceofcable-wringornot.Makespecialemployeetostickpreparedcablenumberonbothendsofcable.橋架上所有電纜全部敷設(shè)完畢，即時(shí)安裝蓋板，達(dá)到防護(hù)的目的。Aftercompletionofallcablelayoutinsidetray,installingcoverstimelytoprotect.(5)、地埋電纜的敷設(shè)方法及質(zhì)量要求Layoutmethodandqualityrequirementsforburiedcableunderground:a、質(zhì)量要求：QualityRequirements:①電纜上表面距地坪面不小于0．7m。0.7mistheleastdistancefromtheuppersideofcabletograde.②電纜上邊及下邊應(yīng)復(fù)以100mm的軟土或沙層，并蓋上紅磚或混凝土板。Fill100mmthicknesssoftearthorfinesandaroundcableupanddown,andcoverredbrickorconcreteplate.③電纜之間、電纜與其它管道、道路、建筑物等之間平行和交叉時(shí)的最小凈距應(yīng)符合GB50168－92的表5．4．3的要求。Whenexistingparallelorcrossingbetweencableandcable,cableandotherpipes,roads,orarchitectures,theminimumdistanceshouldconformtoTableof5.4.3inGB50168-92.嚴(yán)禁將電纜平行敷設(shè)于管道的上方或下方。Nolayingcableoverandunderpipesinparallel④過(guò)路保護(hù)管伸出道路路基兩邊各2m伸出排水溝0.5m。Whileprotectionpipespreadingroadbase,2mshouldbelefteachsideofbaseand0.5misrequiredwhilespreadingdrainage⑤直埋電纜在直線段每隔50－100m處或電纜接頭處、轉(zhuǎn)彎處、進(jìn)人建筑物處應(yīng)設(shè)置明顯的標(biāo)樁。.Settingidenticalcolumnsfordirectburiedcableatthestraightlineeach50-100m,atjointorswervingplaceandatentrancetoarchitecture.⑥電纜的彎曲電纜應(yīng)符合要求。Cablebendingshouldconformtorequirementb、敷設(shè)方法Layoutmethod:①估工估料：大型的電纜敷設(shè)應(yīng)做這項(xiàng)工作，在詳細(xì)研究工程設(shè)計(jì)書(shū)后，到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)勘察線路地形并了解情況，然后制訂出技術(shù)措施和安全措施，并核對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)用料是否正確，根據(jù)工程情況決定敷設(shè)方式，是采用人工敷設(shè)，還是采用機(jī)械化敷設(shè)。Estimateworksquantityandnecessarymaterials:

Itisrequiredtolaylarge-sizedcables.Afterstudyingdesigndocumentsforengineeringdetailed,gotolocalfieldtoexploreline’slandformandlearnrealenvironment.Andthen,writeouttechnicalandsafetymeasuresandcheckwhetherdesignmaterialsarecorrectornot.Accordingtoengineeringcondition,decidelayoutmethod:bymanpowerlayoutormachinelayout②材料、工具準(zhǔn)備：敷設(shè)電纜所需的機(jī)具設(shè)備，如卷?yè)P(yáng)機(jī)、鋼絲網(wǎng)套、千斤頂、滑輪以及鐵鍬等都應(yīng)需要事先備好。電纜及保護(hù)蓋板等材料，最好按施工計(jì)劃日期直接發(fā)運(yùn)到施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，以節(jié)約人工費(fèi)用。Prepareformaterialsandtools:Machinesandtoolsneededforlayingcableshouldbeallreadyinadvance,suchashoist,steel-wirenet,jack,rollingwheelandshovel.Toeconomizelabourcost,wehadbettertodeliverdirectlycableandcoverplatetositeinreferencetoconstructionplandate.③對(duì)外聯(lián)系工作：敷設(shè)電纜線路影響到農(nóng)田、園林、公共道路、市區(qū)交通等情況應(yīng)事先與農(nóng)村政府、園林部門(mén)、鐵路局、交通隊(duì)等聯(lián)系，辦妥有關(guān)手續(xù)后方可施工。④決定電纜中間接頭的位置。當(dāng)電纜線絡(luò)較長(zhǎng)有中間接頭的情況下，要事先選擇合適的接頭位置，因中間接頭故障率較電纜本體為多，因此要考慮檢修問(wèn)題，故不要將位置選擇在道路交叉口，或與其它地下管線交叉的地方。⑤在設(shè)計(jì)的電纜線絡(luò)上開(kāi)挖試探樣洞，其主要目的是調(diào)查土壤及地下管線布置情況，深度1m。Inordertostudysoilanddistributionofundergroundpipelines,excavateexploringsampleholes,1mindepth,alongthedesignedcableline.⑥放樣：根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)圖和土層調(diào)查情況，用石灰粉畫(huà)出挖土范圍Performingsample:Onthebasisofdesigndrawingsandsoilterms,drawingoutexcavationregionwithlimepowder⑦敷設(shè)過(guò)路保護(hù)管，可采用不開(kāi)挖路面的頂管方法，如果有困難應(yīng)按路寬分半施工，必要時(shí)夜間施工。.Whenlayingprotectivepipethroughroad,pushingpipewithjackisavailableinsteadofexcavatingground.Ifitisdifficulttoconstruct,doingitonbaseofhalfofroadwidth.Ifnecessary,constructingatnight.⑧挖土：施工地點(diǎn)周圍應(yīng)設(shè)置警告標(biāo)志，挖出的泥土應(yīng)放置在溝邊0．3m以外，電纜溝的挖掘還必須保證電纜敷設(shè)后的彎曲半徑不小于規(guī)定值，寬度、深度按設(shè)計(jì)要求開(kāi)挖。Excavating:Placingwarningsymbolsaroundconstructionlocation.Excavatedsoilshouldbepiledandmorethan0.3misrequiredawaytrench’sedge.Inaddition,excavationmustensurebendingradiusofcableisnolessthanregulatedvalue.Widthanddepthforexcavationshouldconformtodesign.⑨敷設(shè)電纜準(zhǔn)備工作。敷設(shè)前應(yīng)整理土溝，將溝內(nèi)石子或其他雜物清除，然后在溝中放置滑輪，每3m一個(gè)，轉(zhuǎn)角處加放轉(zhuǎn)角滑輪，保護(hù)電纜的蓋板沿開(kāi)挖的電纜溝分放好。同時(shí)將電纜推滾到所需位置架設(shè)好。Preparationfordirectburiedcablelayout:Beforelayout,cleaninnerstonesorotherwastethingsupandmendtrench,thenplacepulleyintotrenchevery3m,andaddcornerpulleyatthecorner.Setcoverplatealongexcavatedcabletrench,rollcabledrumtoproperlocationandputitontorack.⑩當(dāng)敷設(shè)大截面和較長(zhǎng)電纜時(shí)可采用卷?yè)P(yáng)機(jī)等機(jī)械化方法（長(zhǎng)沙及武漢電纜附件廠有成套設(shè)備）敷設(shè)。敷設(shè)時(shí)拖拽電纜可用特制的鋼絲網(wǎng)套套在電纜端頭上。機(jī)械化敷設(shè)電纜有以下要求：Whilelayinglargecrosssectionalareaandlongercable,followingmechanizationmethodsuchashoistisavailable(ChangshaandWuhancableaccessoryfactorypossesssetsofequipments).Draggingcablewithspecialmakingsteelwirenettiedatthebeginningofcable.Notethefollowingrequirementswhenadoptingmechanizationmethod:電纜最大牽引強(qiáng)度（N/mm2）牽引方法牽引頭鋼絲網(wǎng)套受力部位銅芯鋁芯鉛套鉛套塑料護(hù)套允許牽引強(qiáng)度704010407Max.DraughtStressofCable(N/mm2)DraughtMethodDraughtEndSteelWireNetandSheathPressurizedsectionCoppercoreAluminumcoreLeadSheathLeadSheathPlasticSheathAllowablestressdegree704010407另外，速度不宜超過(guò)15m/min，應(yīng)在牽引頭或鋼絲網(wǎng)套與牽引鋼纜之間裝設(shè)防捻器。 What’smore,layoutspeedshouldnotsurpass15m/min.,splice-proofshallbesetbetweendraughtheadorsteelwirenetanddraughtcable.施放電纜時(shí)無(wú)論在任何情況下，都不能讓電纜在地上拖拉，電纜到位后，可逐段將電纜提起，移去滑輪，并將電纜放在溝底，在電纜需做中間頭的地方，要留有余度，在敷設(shè)過(guò)程要統(tǒng)一指揮，互通信息。Whenlayingcable,nodraggingcablealonggroundinnocase.Aftercablereachitsposition,liftitstepbystep,removepulley,andthenputitatthebottomoftrench.Leavesparelengthattheplaceofmiddlejoint.電纜敷設(shè)完畢，請(qǐng)甲方及監(jiān)理驗(yàn)收隱蔽工程，技術(shù)人員做好敷設(shè)記錄。然后回填，應(yīng)分層夯實(shí)，安裝電纜標(biāo)樁。Inoneword,duringthecourseofcablelayout,directunanimouslyandcommunicateeachother.Aftercompletionofcablelayout,inviteclientandsupervisortoacceptconcealedworks.Meanwhile,techniciansshouldfinishlayoutrecorder.Then,backfillandtamptrenchlearnedly.Installcableidentificationcolumn.(6)、敷設(shè)電纜時(shí)，電纜允許敷設(shè)最低溫度，在敷設(shè)前24h內(nèi)的平均溫度，以及敷設(shè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的溫度不應(yīng)低于以下規(guī)定，但溫度低于以下規(guī)定時(shí)應(yīng)采取措施。Temperaturerequirements:Whilelayingcable,thelowestallowablelayouttemperature,averagetemperatureof24hourspriortolayoutandsitetemperatureshouldbenolowerthanfollowingregulations.Takesomemeasureswhentemperatureislowerthanthatofregulation.電纜允許敷設(shè)最低溫度（摘自GB50168－92）電纜類型電纜結(jié)構(gòu)允許鋪設(shè)最底溫度（℃）塑料絕緣電力電纜0控制電纜聚氯乙烯絕緣聚氯乙烯護(hù)套-10Lowerest.temp.forallowablecablelayout(GB50168-92)TypeofcableStructureofcableLoweresttemp.forlayout(℃)Plasticinsulatedpowercable0ControlCablePVCinsulatedPVCsheath-104、安全技術(shù)措施現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工作人員必須按規(guī)定穿工作服進(jìn)人現(xiàn)場(chǎng)必須戴好安全帽，高空作業(yè)系掛安全帶，辦理高空作業(yè)證。電纜運(yùn)輸裝卸，腳手架搭設(shè)應(yīng)有專業(yè)起重工作業(yè)指揮。電纜盤(pán)的架設(shè)應(yīng)水平穩(wěn)固，電纜盤(pán)引出電纜側(cè)不應(yīng)站人，防止傾倒傷人。電纜敷設(shè)時(shí)，在電纜轉(zhuǎn)角的內(nèi)側(cè)不得站人，以防擠傷，或采取妥善的防護(hù)措施，在橋架上敷設(shè)電纜時(shí)應(yīng)有