(完整版)英語系動詞

連系動詞連系動詞也稱系動詞（LinkVerb），它本身具有實在意義，但不能單獨作謂語，后邊必須加上表語共同構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語。連系動詞與其后面的表語合起來叫作系表結(jié)構(gòu)。系表結(jié)構(gòu)主要是為了說明主語的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征等情況。一、表示狀態(tài)的系動詞用來說明主語的狀態(tài)，只有一個be，但be在不同的人稱和時態(tài)中有不同的形式，有am、are、is、was和were，后接名詞、形容詞、分詞、不定式、副詞和介詞短語等作表語。例如:Themanisascienceteacher.Mary'snewdresseswerecolorful.二、表示持續(xù)性的系動詞用來表示主語繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度，主要有keep、remain、stay、lie、stand、continue和rest等，例如:Pleasekeepquiet.Severalproblemsremaintobesolved.Ihopetheweatherwillstayfine.Thewholecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquake.Mr.Blackstandshighinthepublicestimation.Theweathercontinuescold.Mygrandfatherwillneverrestidle.三、表“像”系動詞用來表示“看起來像”這一概念，主要有seem、appear和look，例如：Sheseemsveryhappywiththenewjob.Heappearedtobetalkingtohimself.Shelookshappy.四、感官系動詞感官系動詞主要有feel、smell、sound、taste等，后面接形容詞作表語，說明主語所處的狀態(tài)，其意思分別為“摸/聞/聽/嘗起來……”。這幾個動詞的主語往往是物，而不是人。例如：Thetomatoesfeelverysoft.Theseflowerssmellverysweet.Themusicsoundsverypleasingtotheear.Themeattastesdelicious.五、表示變化的系動詞這些系動詞表示主語變化成什么樣，主要有become、grow、turn、fall、get、go、come和run等，這些詞后面大多數(shù)接形容詞作表語，但become,turn,sound,remain,seem亦可接名詞作表語，只是turn若跟名詞則不加冠詞。例如：Shebecameafamouswriter.Hiscoldisgrowingworse.Inautumntheleavesturnyellow.Theyfirstmetatuniversityandlaterfellinlove.It'sgettingcold.Themilkwentsour.Myshoecameloose.Theriverwasbeginningtorundry.Heturnsdoctor.=Hebecomesadoctor.六、表終止的系動詞表示主語發(fā)出的動作已經(jīng)終止，主要有prove和turnout，表達“證實”和“變成”之意。例如：Myadviceproved(tobe)wrong.Heprovedacompetentmanager.Thepartyturnedout(tobe)verysuccessful.Therookieturnedout(tobe)thebesthitterontheteam.七、學(xué)習(xí)系動詞的注意事項1.特別要注意“be+過去分詞”所構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)與其所構(gòu)成的被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別。系表結(jié)構(gòu)側(cè)重于表示主語的特征或所處的狀態(tài)，通常沒有由by引導(dǎo)的介詞短語，如：Thedoorwasclosed.被動語態(tài)側(cè)重于強調(diào)主語是謂語動詞所示動作的承受者，表示動作；句中可以用由by引導(dǎo)的介詞短語。如：Thedoorwasclosedbyme.還要注意由“be+V-ing”所構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)與其所構(gòu)成的進行時態(tài)的區(qū)別。系表結(jié)構(gòu)側(cè)重于說明主語具有的特征或存在的狀態(tài)，也可說明主語是什么。如：MyjobisteachingEnglish.進行時態(tài)側(cè)重于強調(diào)主語正在做某事。如：Mr.Wangisreadinganeveningpapernow.2.要特別注意某些動詞既可以做系動詞，又可以做實意動詞的用法。有些系動詞也是實意動詞，該動詞表達實義時，有具體詞義，可單獨作謂語，例如：Hefellillyesterday.Hefellofftheladder.Thenewly-inventedsoftdrinkingtastesquiteunique.Thechefistastingthefishcarefully.3.系動詞除了接名詞、形容詞、分詞、不定式、副詞和介詞短語等以外，還可接以下幾種表語形式：①能接asif/asthough表語從句的系動詞有：look（看起來），smell（聞起來），sound（聽起來），feel（覺得）；appear（顯得），seem（似乎）等。例如：Helookedasifhehadjuststeppedoutofmybookoffairytales.Sheseemedasif(though)shecouldn’tunderstandwhyLaurawasthere.Itsoundstomeasthoughthere’sataprunningsomewhere.Shefeltasifherheadweresplitting.Theriverappearedasifenvelopedinsmog.②可用于“It+系動詞+that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)的有：seem和appear不可用be、look。如：Itseemedthathehadmadesomeseriousmistakesinhiswork.Itappearedthathewastalkingtohimself.③能用不定式作表語的系動詞有be、seem、get、look、appear、prove、grow等。Herjobistolookafterthechildren.Heseemsnottogowithus.Shelookstobeayounggirloftwenty.Hedidn’tappeartodislikeit.Myadviceprovedtobewrong.Hewillgrowtolikethisworkgradually.④能與there連用的系動詞有：be、appear和seem.如:Thereappearedtobeonlyoneroom.Thereseems(tobe)noneedtogo.⑤能接介詞短語的有：feel,look,sound,taste,remainItsoundslikeatraingoingundermyroom.Theconcertremainsinmymemory.4.系動詞一般不用進行時。5.系動詞無被動語態(tài)。

練習(xí)：1.Thedrug__________(tobe)highlyeffective.A.turnedB.becameC.provedD.smelled2.Howsweetthemusic__________!A.soundsB.looksC.remainsD.is3.Thebigsoldier__________thereexceptforhisslightlymovinglips.(B)A.keptcalmB.stoodstillC.wasquietD.laysilent4.Thisafternoonwillbecloudy,_____clear.A.feelingB.tastingC.fallingD.turning5.Theactressisthirty-fiveyearsold,butshe___alotyounger.(B)A.looksB.appearsC.seemsD.feelsHeappearsquiteyoung.他顯得年輕。6.He____paleandhisclotheswereinafrightfulstate.(A)A.lookedB.appearedC.seemedD.waslooked7.HisdreamtobeadmittedintoBeijingUniversityhas______trueatlast.(D)A.becomeB.turnedC.grownD.come8.ThesilkmadeinSuzhou___smoothandsoft.(C)A.isfeltB.istouchedC.feelsD.isfeeling9.Things_____tobeexactlyastheprofessorhadforeseen.(A)A.turnedoutB.turnedC.wereprovedD.showed10.Holdingthenoteinhishand，Adam_____theredumbfounded．(D)A.remainedB.stayedC.keptD.stood11.Sarah,hurryup.I'mafraidyoucan’thavetimeto______beforetheparty.(A)A.getchangedB.getchange C.getchangingD.gettochange12.--Iwaswonderingifwecouldgoskiingontheweekend.--_________good. A.Sound B.SoundedC.Sounding D.Sounds13.Itremains________whetherJimwillbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals.(B)A.seen B.tobeseenC.seeing D.tosee14.ThemelontheSmithsservedatdinnerwouldhavetastedifithadbeenputinthefridgeforalittlewhile.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.well15.Pleaseremain_________untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.A.toseatB.tobeseatedC.seatingD.seated1-5CABDB6-10ADCAD11-15ADBBD1.Thestorysounds___________.A.tobetrueB.astrueC.beingtrueD.true

2.Thoseorangestaste__________.A.goodB.wellC.tobegoodD.tobewell

3.–Areyoufeeling____________.(B)--Yes.I'mfinenow.

A.anywellB.anybetterC.quitegoodD.quitebetter

4.–Doyoulikethematerial?

--Yesit__________verywell.

A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt

5.–Youdon'tlookvery__________.Areyouill?

--NoI'mjustabittired.

A.goodB.wellC.strongD.healthy

6.Themanwefollowedsuddenlystoppedandlookedasif_______whetherhewasgoingintherightdirecti